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1、2021屆高考英語二輪復習專項解密10定語從句含解析2021屆高考英語二輪復習專項解密10定語從句含解析2021屆高考英語二輪復習專項解密10定語從句含解析解密10定語從句序號題型真題Part 1解密高考考點綜述 備考建議Part 2對點解密考點精準說1。. 真題對點析1。. 對點模擬練1.。Part 3強化集訓真題模測、典題模測Part 1解密高考【考點綜述】定語從句的用法較為復雜,是歷年高考的重點,主要考查常見關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的用法,比如which/that/as/ when/where的用法及區(qū)別性的選擇等,及與其他從句如名詞性從句的區(qū)別等。在高考的中主要體現(xiàn)在語法填空、短文改錯、完形

2、填空等中,且完形填空80每年會出一道題。高考除了單獨考查定語從句知識外,還常常結(jié)合句式結(jié)構(gòu)、時態(tài)等來綜合考查?!緜淇冀ㄗh】根據(jù)高考對定語從句的考察點,復習中應(yīng)該做好以下幾點:1。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)分。如:that, which和where, when的區(qū)分;that, which和why的區(qū)分等.2. whose的使用。whose可以指代人或物, 在定語從句中作定語, 后跟名詞。指物時,whose名詞名詞 of which of which名詞.如: The classroom whose door/the door of which/of which the door is broken

3、 is on the second floor。3. as/which引導的非限制性定語從句。尤其要重視which,as引導的非限制性定語從句和it,what引 導的主語從句的區(qū)分。 4。定語從句中的主謂一致現(xiàn)象。如:I, who am your close friend, will try my best to help you whenever you are in trouble。5. “介詞關(guān)系代詞引導的定語從句?!敖樵~關(guān)系代詞”引導的定語從句,關(guān)系代詞指人時用whom, 指物時用which,不能用that.關(guān)系代詞作定語時也可用whose。如:The teacher in front

4、 of whose house stands a tall tree is very patient with his students.6.一些特殊的先行詞。如: 當situation, point, case, activity, scene及period, festival, occasion等出現(xiàn)時, 要 注意具體情況具體分析;作主語、賓語和表語時, 用關(guān)系代詞that/which; 作狀語時, 用關(guān)系副詞where/when或“介詞which”, 表示在某種特定的情形下。定語從句、強調(diào)句、時間狀語從句等的區(qū)別。Part 2對點解密【考點精準說】1-關(guān)系代詞引導的定語從句who,who

5、m,whose引導的定語從句1who和whom指人,who在定語從句中作主語;whom在定語從句中作賓語,在限制性定語從句中可省略。在口語中可用who代替whom。2whose指人或物,在定語從句中作定語,指物時可用of which代替,指人時可用of whom代替。that,which引導的定語從句1that多指物,有時也指人,在定語從句中作主語、表語或賓語,作賓語或表語時可省略。2which指物,在定語從句中作主語和賓語,作賓語時,在限制性定語從句中可省略。另外,which可用來指代前面句子的部分或全部內(nèi)容。3下列情況只用that不用which:先行詞是all,something,ever

6、ything,anything,nothing,little,much,few等不定代詞;先行詞被all,any,every,no,little,much,some等詞修飾;先行詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級修飾或先行詞本身是序數(shù)詞;先行詞被the only,the very(正是,恰是),the last修飾;先行詞中既有人也有物;在which或who的特殊疑問句中含有定語從句。關(guān)系代詞as引導限制性定語從句的用法(1)as既可指人又可指物,在定語從句中充當主語、賓語等,引導限制性定語從句時的固定搭配:the same .as .。.;such 。as .。.;so/as .。as 。(2)the

7、 same 。.as與the same 。that的區(qū)別:eq blcrc (avs4alco1(the same 。.as與原物同類,即同類異物,the same .。that和原物是同一個,即同類同物)【真題對點析】11【2020江蘇卷】。Many lessons are now available online, from _ students can choose for free.A. whoseB. whichC. whenD。 whom【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意:許多課程現(xiàn)在都可以在網(wǎng)上找到,學生們可以從中免費選擇。此處是非限定性定語從句,先行詞是many le

8、ssons,關(guān)系詞在從句中做介詞from的賓語,應(yīng)使用關(guān)系代詞which引導。故選B。2。 【2018浙江卷】Many westerners _ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.【答案】who/that【解析】考查關(guān)系代詞。句中包含定語從句,先行詞是westerners指人,在定語從句中做主語,用關(guān)系代詞who/that引導,故填who/that。3.【2018天津】2. Kae, _sister I shared

9、a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.A。 whom B。 thatC. whose D。 her【答案】C【解析】考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意:凱特已經(jīng)去澳大利亞工作了。我們在大學的時候,我和她的姐姐共住一室。分析句子,句中先行詞為Kate,在非限定性定語從句中作名詞sister的定語,故用關(guān)系代詞whose。故選C。4.【2013廣東卷】Nicks guests,_ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy sale mo

10、re cheaply if they could?!敬鸢浮縲ho【解析】考查相連接代詞詞的用法,分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本句為非限制性定語從句,why為定語從句的引導詞,表人.句意為:Nick的朋友們碰巧聽到了他們的的談話,他們問為什么父子倆能買到更便宜的鹽,卻不那么做呢。【對點模擬練】11。 Experiments with domestic dogs, one animal was given a treat and another denied, have shown that they possess a sense of fairness as they shared their trea

11、ts.A. whatB. whereC。 thatD. which【參考答案】B【答案解析】考查非限定性定語從句。句意:用家犬做試驗,試驗中一只給了食物,而另一只沒有,這表明了它們有一種分享食物的公平感.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,先行詞是Experiments,where在非限制性定語從句中作地點狀語,表示抽象地點,where相當于in which。故選B.2 。Among the many dangers_ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog。A。 which B。 what C。 where D。 when 【參考答案

12、】A【答案解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,_sailors have to face 是定語從句,修飾先行詞the many dangers,且從句缺少賓語,要用關(guān)系代詞。 因此A選項正確。句意為 在水手不得不面對的許多危險中,可能最大的是霧霾?!究键c精準說】2-關(guān)系副詞引導的定語從句常用的關(guān)系副詞:when,why,where(在從句中只作狀語)在口語和非正式場合, when, where和why或相當于關(guān)系副詞的“介詞which”結(jié)構(gòu)可用that來代替并可省略。2當定語從句中缺少主語或賓語時,即使先行詞是表示時間、地點和原因的詞仍用which/that。 3.why或that引導的定語從句, 先行

13、詞是reason, 且reason又作主句主語時, 表語從句不能用because引導, 而要用that引導.其句型為:The reason why。is that。.或The reason that。.is that.。.4.“當先行詞為一些表示抽象地點的名詞,如point,situation,case,stage等,如果引導詞在從句中作狀語,常用關(guān)系副詞where引導定語從句;如果作主語、賓語或表語,則用關(guān)系代詞that/which.【真題對點析】2【2020全國新課標I語法填空】Because the moons body blocks direct radio communication

14、 with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. 【答案】考查定語從句。句意:中國首先必須把一顆人造衛(wèi)星送入月球軌道上的一個點,人造衛(wèi)星可以在這個點向航天器和地球發(fā)射信號.分析句子可知,空處引導一個定語從句,先行詞是a spot,關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句中作地點狀語,應(yīng)用where引導。故填where。2?!?018江蘇】23. Selfdrivingisanarea

15、_ Chinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestarting line。A. that B. whereC. which D。 when【答案】B【解析】考查定語從句。句意:自動駕駛是一個中國和世界其它國家都在同一起跑線的領(lǐng)域.句中先行詞為area,在從句中作地點狀語,故用關(guān)系副詞where,相當于in which。故選B。3?!?016天津】9. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, _ the weather may be better。 A. that B。 where C. wh

16、ich D. when【答案】D【解析】句意:我們將把公園的野餐推遲到下個星期,那時天氣可能會更好。使用定語從句,先行詞是next week,定語從句中不缺少主賓表,缺少時間狀語。故選D。4。 2015廣東卷When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market _ people from the towns met regularly?!敬鸢浮縲here 【解析】考查定語從句的連接詞。句中的in the market是先行詞,在定語從句中作地點狀語,故用引導詞whe

17、re。5.【2015北京】24.Opposite is St.Pauls Church,_you can hear some lovely music。A。 which B。that C.when D.where【答案】D【解析】句意:對面是圣保羅教堂,在教堂里你能聽到一些優(yōu)美的音樂.這是一個定語從句。先行詞是St. Pauls Church,從句主謂賓成分完整,去掉空后依然是完整的句子,可推斷出引導詞在從句中作的是地點狀語。用where。故選D。【對點模擬練】21. Experiments with domestic dogs, one animal was given a treat an

18、d another denied, have shown that they possess a sense of fairness as they shared their treats。A. whatB. whereC. thatD。 which【答案】B【答案解析】考查非限定性定語從句。句意:用家犬做試驗,試驗中一只給了食物,而另一只沒有,這表明了它們有一種分享食物的公平感。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,先行詞是Experiments,where在非限制性定語從句中作地點狀語,表示抽象地點,where相當于in which。故選B。2When did you return last Friday?I

19、t was not until midnight _ it was raining hard。AwhenBwhichCthatDbefore【答案】A【解析】考查連詞。句意: -上星期五你什么時候回來的?-直到半夜下起大雨時才回來。分析句子可知,midnight為先行詞,在后面定語從句作時間狀語,所以關(guān)系冠詞副詞為when。故A選項正確.3The teacher often gives his students a brief pause in class _ they can take in what he has taught.AwhyBwhenCwhoDwhich【答案】B【解析】考查定

20、語從句。句意:這個老師經(jīng)常在課堂上給學生一個短暫暫停的時間,在這段時間里學生們可以吸收他所講的內(nèi)容。前句的先行詞是pause間歇,從句主謂賓成分齊全,缺少時間狀語,應(yīng)使用關(guān)系副詞when引導。故B選項正確?!究键c精準說】3-“介詞關(guān)系代詞”引導的定語從句介詞關(guān)系代詞引導定語從句常見的幾種結(jié)構(gòu):(1)介詞關(guān)系代詞(2)名詞/代詞/數(shù)詞介詞關(guān)系代詞(3)形容詞最高級介詞關(guān)系代詞(4)介詞關(guān)系代詞名詞介詞關(guān)系代詞結(jié)構(gòu)中介詞的選用1.一般來說,確定關(guān)系代詞前的介詞,可以從以下三方面入手:先行詞的意義;從句中的動詞或形容詞 與先行詞的固定搭配;句子的意思。2. 表示整體和部分關(guān)系,介詞常用of。在som

21、e,any,few,none,all,both,neither,most,each等。代詞或數(shù)詞的前、后可以用of which/whom。3。有時介詞where可以引導定語從句,此時要和介詞which引導的定語從句從意思上加以區(qū)別.of whom, of which與whose的用法解析。1. whose的用法whose引導定語從句, 后應(yīng)緊跟名詞, 構(gòu)成名詞短語。whose引導定語從句時, 先行詞既可指人, 也可指物。whose在定語從句中與它所修飾的名詞一起可作介詞賓語, 可以與介詞一起放在先行詞與從句之間。 在whose引導的定語從句中, 可用of which代替whose, 但詞序不同

22、, 即“whose名詞the名詞 ofwhich;而用of whom代替時只能指人, 有時可以與whose互換.2. 下列情況只用of which或of whom, 而不用whose引導定語從句。定語從句的主語是some, many, few, little, much, most等詞時, 用of which/whom, 不用 whose?!菊骖}對點析】31.【2016江蘇】23.Many young people, most _were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.A。of whichB.of

23、themC。of whomD.of those【答案】C【解析】考查定語從句。本題定語從句的先行詞是Many young people,關(guān)系代詞whom指代先行詞,在定語從句中作為介詞of的賓語。句意:很多年輕人都前往偏遠地區(qū)追求它們的夢想,其中大部分人都是受過良好教育.故C正確?!緦c模擬練】31.This is the building _ the windows have been painted green.AwhoseBthatCwhichDof which【答案】D【解析】考查定語從句。句意:這就是窗戶被漆成綠色的那幢大樓.此處building作先行詞,指物,介詞后面,指物用whi

24、ch引導定語從句,該句中of是介詞,故選D項。2。He has many books, are written in English。 Amost of themBmost of whomCmost of whichDmost of those【答案】 C 【解析】考查定語從句連接詞。句意:他有許多書,大部分是用英語寫的。本句為“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)定語從句修飾先行詞book,且做介詞of的賓語,指物應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which.故選C。3。The professor always spends the whole day in the bookshop_ he bought the diction

25、ary. Aon whichBto whichCin whichDfor which【答案】 C 【解析】句意:這個教授經(jīng)?;ㄒ徽斓臅r間在他買字典的那個書店。這是一個定語從句,先行詞為the bookshop,在從句中作地點狀語,并且表達“在書店”應(yīng)在the bookstore 前加介詞in。從句部分完整的表述為he bought the dictionary in the bookshop.故選C.4I was surprised that he didnt like the way _ I solved the problem。 Ain whichBwhichCon whichDas【答

26、案】 A 【解析】考查定語從句。句意:我很驚訝,他不喜歡我解決問題的方法。本句為定語從句修飾先行詞the way,且當“way”表示“方式、方法”,the way在句中作先行詞,后被一個定語從句修飾時,引導定語從句可用that,也可用in which,或什么都不用。故選A。Part 3強化集訓【真題模測】一單句語法填空【2020全國新課標I語法填空】Because the moons body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the

27、 moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth。 2,。(2019新課標II卷語法填空)Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, _62_ she opened with her late husband Les.3.(2017新課標卷I語法填空)Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good

28、 for the health.4。 (2017新課標卷III語法填空)But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty。5.(2016全國新課標卷I語法填空)But my connection with pandas goes back 64(to) my days on a TV show in the mid1980s, 65 I was the first Western TV reporter

29、 66(permitted) (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 6。(2020新課標II卷 短文改錯)Thank you for your letter, what really made me happy.答案1.where考查定語從句。句意:中國首先必須把一顆人造衛(wèi)星送入月球軌道上的一個點,人造衛(wèi)星可以在這個點向航天器和地球發(fā)射信號。分析句子可知,空處引導一個定語從句,先行詞是a spot,關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句中作地點狀語,應(yīng)用where引導.故填w

30、here。2.where【答案解析】考查非限制性定語從句.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,先行詞為the pet shop,在非限制性定語從句中作opened一詞的賓語,故用which。3. which【答案解析】句意:很可能攝入過多的脂肪和鹽,那對健康沒有好處。分析可知which is not good for the health為非限制性定語從句,先行詞是前面的整句話.4. who【答案解析】考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models是非限制性定語從句,非限制性定語從句中缺少主語,且先行詞為Sarah,指人,要用w

31、ho。5.when【答案解析】考查定語從句。后面是非限制性定語從句,從句中缺少狀語,又因先行詞是時間,故填when。6.what which 【解析】考查定語從句。本句是含有非限制性定語從句的復合句,先行詞 是 your letter,關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語,所以此處應(yīng)用指物的 which。 二單項選擇1(2020江蘇高考真題)Many lessons are now available online, from _ students can choose for free。AwhoseBwhichCwhenDwhom2(2020天津高考真題)Dr. Rowan, _ secretary

32、resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing。AwhoseBof whomCof whichDwhich3(2020天津高考真題)Mr。 Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990 s, _he gave it to his grandson.AwhichBwhenCwhereDwho4(2019江蘇高考真題)We have entered into an age _ dreams have the best chance of coming true。AwhichBw

33、hatCwhenDthat5(2019天津高考真題)Their child is at the stage _ she can say individual words but not full sentences.AwhyBwhereCwhichDwhat6(2019天津高考真題)The course normally attracts about 100 students per year, up to half will be from abroad。AwhoBof whichCwhenDof whom7(2018天津高考真題)(2018天津)Kae, _sister I shared

34、a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia。AwhomBthatCwhoseDher8(2018北京高考真題)(2018北京)She and her family bicycle to work, _ helps them keep fit。AwhichBwhoCasDthat9(2017天津高考真題)My eldest son, _ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.AthatBwhoseChisDwho10(

35、2007重慶高考真題)Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree_they can be controlled on purpose.Awith whichBto whichCof whichDfor which11(2015陜西高考真題)(2015天津)As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time _he should be able to be independent.AwhichBwhereCwho

36、mDwhen12(2015福建高考真題)China Today attracts a worldwide readership, _ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China。AwhoBwhomCthatDwhich13(2015湖南高考真題)It is a truly delightful place, _looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cot

37、tages。AasBwhereCthatDwhich14(2014四川高考真題)By now, we have raised 50.000 pounds for the poor children, _ is quite unexpected.AthatBwhichCwhoDit15(2014湖南高考真題)I am looking forward to the day _ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.AasBwhyCwhenDwhere16(2014安徽高考真題)The exact year _ Ang

38、ela and her family spent together in China was 2008AWhenBwhereCwhyDwhich17(2015北京高考真題)Opposite is St. Pauls Church, _ you can hear some lovely music.AwhichBthatCwhenDwhere18(2013全國高考真題)When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house _ I would be staying。AwhatBwhenCwhereDwhich19(2014天津高考真題)English is

39、a language shared by several diverse cultures, _ uses it differently。Aall of whichBeach of whichCall of themDeach of them20(2016北京高考真題)I live next door to a couple _children often make a lot of noise.AwhoseBwhyCwhereDwhich【答案】1B【解析】考查定語從句。句意:許多課程現(xiàn)在都可以在網(wǎng)上找到,學生們可以從中免費選擇.此處是非限定性定語從句,先行詞是many lessons,關(guān)系

40、詞在從句中做介詞from的賓語,應(yīng)使用關(guān)系代詞which引導。故選B。2A【解析】考查定語從句。句意:羅文博士的秘書兩周前辭職了,他現(xiàn)在只能自己打字._ secretary resigned two weeks ago是非限制性定語從句,修飾Dr。 Rowan,引導詞在從句中作定語,表示“Dr. Rowans ”,表示“的” ,應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose引導該從句,故選A。3B【解析】考查定語從句。句意:史密斯先生一直擁有這幅油畫,直到20世紀90年代初,他把它送給了孫子。句中包含定語從句,先行詞是theearly 1990 s,在定語從句中作時間狀語,用關(guān)系副詞when引導。故選B。4C【解析】

41、考查定語從句。句意:我們已經(jīng)進入到了一個時代,在這個時代夢想實現(xiàn)的機會最大。句中先行詞為an age(一個時代),且先行詞在從句中作時間狀語,所以關(guān)系詞用when。故選C。5B【解析】考查定語從句。句意:他們的孩子正處于能說單個單詞而不能說完整句子的階段。句中she can say individual words but not full sentences是一個定語從句,先行詞是the stage,關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作地點狀語,用關(guān)系副詞where,故選B。6D【解析】考查介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導定語從句.句意:該課程通常每年吸引約100名學生,其中多達一半來自國外。先行詞是100 studen

42、ts,是人,排除B/C;代入定語從句_up to half will be from abroad應(yīng)是up to half of the 20 students will be from abroad。故D選項正確。7C【解析】考查定語從句關(guān)系詞.句意:凱特已經(jīng)去澳大利亞工作了。我們在大學的時候,我和她的姐姐共住一室。分析句子,句中先行詞為Kate,在非限定性定語從句中作名詞sister的定語,故用關(guān)系代詞whose。故選C。點睛:本題考查定語從句。定語從句是高考重點考查知識之一,分析定語從句需抓住兩點:1。找準先行詞;2。看先行詞在從句中所作的成分。抓住這兩點,再根據(jù)句意,從而能夠判斷出正確

43、的關(guān)系詞。8A【解析】考查非限制性定語從句。句意:她和家人騎自行車去上班,這有助于她們保持健康?!癬 helps them keep fit”是非限制性定語從句,該從句修飾整個主句,引導詞在從句中做主語,故該從句應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導。A選項正確。點睛:非限制性定語從句即可修飾主句的一部分,也可以修飾整個主句.其引導詞的選擇和限制性定語從句的判斷規(guī)則一致,即:第一、找準先行詞;第二、看先行詞在定語從句中所作的成分。需要注意的是,that不能引導非限制性定語從句。9B【解析】考查定語從句.句意:我的最大兒子,他的工作帶他去全世界,現(xiàn)在在紐約。本句是一個非限制性定語從句,先行詞是my elde

44、st son,根據(jù)句意和空后名詞,確定引導詞作定語,在定語從句中只有引導詞whose修飾名詞作定語,意為“的”。故選B。【點睛】定語從句的考查主要就是考查關(guān)系詞的辨析,關(guān)系代詞that, which, whom, as, who在句中作主語,賓語,表語;whose作定語;where, why, when在句中作地點,原因和時間狀語。要分析定語從句的成分,看缺少什么成分,就選用相應(yīng)的關(guān)系詞。10B【解析】考查定語從句。人類的面部表情與動物的不同之處在于它們能被有意控制的程度.to which引導定語從句;which指代先行詞animals,表示“對它們來說”;with which 意為“和在一起

45、”;of which 意為“其中”;for which 意為“為了”,故選B。11D【解析】考查定語從句。句意:作為家里最小的孩子,亞歷克斯總是渴望他能夠有獨立的時間。這里使用定語從句,先行詞是the time,在定語從句中作時間狀語,用關(guān)系副詞when,故選D。12D【解析】考查非限制性定語從句。句意:中國日報有著全球的讀者群,這說明全球越來越多的人想要了解中國。根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)來看出現(xiàn)了逗號,說明這是一個非限制性定語從句。首先that不能引導非限制性定語從句,who在引導非限制性定語從句的時候通常在從句中做主語和賓語,指人,而whom也指人,卻只能做賓語。which引導非限制性定語從句通常在從

46、句中做主語或者賓語。關(guān)系詞代指前面的中國日報,在定語從句中做主語。故選D??键c:考查非限制性定語從句【名師點睛】關(guān)系詞的選擇,最關(guān)鍵的就是看先行詞在定語從句中作什么成分,而不是看先行詞是表示什么的單詞,如表示地點的先行詞之后未必用where,同樣表示時間的先行詞之后未必用when。which在非限制性定語從句中通常是代指前面整個句子或者一個較長的詞語,并且在從句中做主語。13D【解析】考查非限制性定語從句.句意:這真是一個令人愉快的地方,這里的蜿蜒的小路和美麗的小村莊一定和100年前看起來是一模一樣的。此句是一個非限制性定語從句,先行詞是place,在定語從句中是作主語,所以用關(guān)系代詞引導。a

47、s引導非限定性定語從句時要放在句首,故排除,選用which。故選D考點:考查定語從句關(guān)系代詞?!久麕燑c睛】本題旨在考查定語從句中的關(guān)系詞,要求學生掌握在什么情況下用關(guān)系副詞,什么情況下用關(guān)系代詞以及各自的意義。非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明,去掉了也不會影響主句的意思,它與主句之間通常用逗號分開.非限制性定語從句還能將整個主句作為先行詞, 對其進行修飾, 這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)。關(guān)系代詞that和關(guān)系副詞why不能引導非限制性定語從句。14B【解析】試題分析:考查非限制性定語從句.句意:到現(xiàn)在為止,我們已經(jīng)為那些貧窮的孩子募捐到了五萬英鎊,這一點是完全沒有預(yù)料到的。本句中的關(guān)系代

48、詞which指代前面主句的內(nèi)容,引導非限制性定語從句,并在從句中作主語。that不能引導非限制性定語從句;who的先行詞必須是人;it不能引導定語從句.故B正確。15C【解析】考查定語從句。句意:我一直都在期待著我的女兒能夠閱讀并理解我對她的感情的那一天.先行詞是the day,后面的定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)非常完整,所以使用關(guān)系副詞when在句中做時間狀語,同時引導這個定語從句。故C正確。16D【解析】考查定語從句.句意:安哥拉和她的家人一起在中國度過的那一年是2008年。 Angela and her family spent together in China是定語從句,修飾先行the exact

49、year,空處所填詞在從句中作spend的賓語,故用關(guān)系代詞which。故選D.17D【解析】考查定語從句。句意:對面是圣保羅教堂,在那兒你能聽到一些優(yōu)美的音樂.這是一個定語從句,先行詞是St。 Pauls Church,從句主謂賓成分完整,去掉空后依然是完整的句子,可推斷出引導詞在從句中作的是地點狀語,用where。故選D。18C【解析】考查定語從句。句意:當我到達時,Bryan帶我看了我將要待的房子.空格處引導定語從句,定語從句中stay為不及物動詞,故不缺主干成分,用關(guān)系副詞;先行詞為house,指地點,故用關(guān)系副詞where。故選C。19B【解析】本題考查定語從句。解題步驟:1. 確定

50、從句:從空格到句末是定語從句.排除CD項,這兩項并不是定語從句。2. 確定成分:從句_ uses it differently。缺少主語,根據(jù)前一句可知,先行詞是several diverse cultures,在定語從句里使用which指代先行詞作為介詞of的賓語。3。 確定選項:A項在定語從句中作主語的時候,謂語動詞要使用復數(shù)形式,定語從句中的uses說明A項是錯誤的。B項中的each作主語,謂語動詞使用單數(shù)形式。句意:英語是一個被很多不同的文化共同使用的語言,每一種文化使用英語的方法都是不一樣的。故選B。20A【解析】考查定語從句。句意:我住在一對夫婦的隔壁,他們的孩子經(jīng)常吵鬧。a co

51、uple是先行詞,這對夫妻的孩子很吵,children和couple是所屬關(guān)系,故用whose作定語,whose children相當于the children of whom,故選A?!军c睛】定語從句的關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞(who, whom, whose, that, which, as等)和關(guān)系副詞(when, where, why等)。1. 關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是表示人或物的名詞或代詞,并在從句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是表示時間、地點或理由等的名詞,在從句中作狀語.例如:An architect is a person who / that designs

52、houses and buildings.The city where / in which I was born is on the new railway line.2. 關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。注意:關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語時,可省略(非限制性定語從句中不可省略).例如:I find it difficult to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions。I find it difficult to cooperate with the one who alw

53、ays sticks to his own opinion。 The suit (which / that) the tailor made for me doesnt fit me.3. 非限制性定語從句中,關(guān)系詞均不可省略。注意關(guān)系代詞that和關(guān)系副詞why不可用于非限制性定語從句。4。 作介詞賓語的關(guān)系代詞在限制和非限制性定語從句中,關(guān)系代詞作介詞的賓語,即“介詞+關(guān)系代詞whom/which”,whom用于指人,which用于指物,不能用that。例如:The man with whom you shook hands just now is head of our departme

54、nt. Mrs. Nye, with whom you shook hands just now, is head of our department. The room in which my family live used to be a garage.【典題模測】單項選擇1The factory _well visit next week is not far from here。AwhereBto whichCwhichDin which2 Did you ask the guard _ happened? Yes, he told me all _ he knew.Awhat; t

55、hat Bwhat; what Cwhich; which Dthat; that3Which one of the following sentences is the compound sentence(并列句)?AThe man he mentioned was my classmate.BShe likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.CBecause the weather is so bad, we have to stay at home。DMr。 Li was ill, so I was ta

56、king his class instead.4Sally is showing us around the house, _the roof is bright red.Afor whichBwith whichCof whichDto which5Newspapers are making their efforts to attract readers in an age _ most people read news online for free.AthatBwhereCwhenDwhy6She brought her three friends to the party, none

57、 of _ I had ever met before。AthemBwhoCwhomDwhich7No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times _ its better to remain silent.AthatBwhenCwhyDwhich8We will always remember the moment _ my classmate Li Chong crossed the finish line.AwhenBwhereCthatDwhose9To help friends, you should help others

58、 the way _ you have been helped.AthatBwhenCwhichDwhy10Bringing together 3 famous directors, the film The Sacrifice, _ is adapted from true stories, reflected the heroism of our fearless and admirable soldiers。AthatBoneCwhatDwhich11Last term our maths teacher set so difficult a problem in the exam _

59、none of us could work out。AasBthatCforDand12He was very angry and I can still remember the way _ he spoke to me.AhowBthatCwhatDwhich13A harvester is a machine _we harvest crops or a person_is harvesting。Awhich; whoBthat; thatCwith which; whoD/; that14I can think of many cases _ students obviously kn

60、ew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay。AthatBin thatCof whichDwhere15The biggest single hobby in western countries _ western people spend their most time, energy and money is gardening.AthatBwhereCin whichDon which16There are many people _ on-line activity is sendin

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