2022年考研考博-考博英語-四川大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)28

1、住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-四川大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題If it hadnt been for the doctors care, I （ ） speaking to you now.問題1選項(xiàng)A.would not beB.would not have beenC.will not beD.will not have been【答案】B【解析】考查虛擬語氣。從句用過去完成時(shí), 主句要用would have done的形式。這里都是表否定意義, 所以選項(xiàng)B正確。句意：如何沒有醫(yī)生的悉

2、心照料, 我現(xiàn)在不會(huì)站在這兒和你說話。2.單選題The explorer lost his way so he climbed to the top of the hill to （ ） himself.問題1選項(xiàng)A.spotB.situateC.placeD.locate【答案】D【解析】spot使認(rèn)出；situate使位于；place放置；locate定位。句意：探險(xiǎn)者迷了路, 所以他爬到山頂以確定自己的位置（定位）。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。3.單選題There was snow everywhere,so that the shape of things was difficult to（ ）

3、.問題1選項(xiàng)A.identifyB.authorizeC.justifyD.rationalize【答案】A【解析】identify識(shí)別，認(rèn)同；authorize授權(quán)給，許可，批準(zhǔn)；justify替辯護(hù)，證明合法；nationalize使合理化。句意：到處都是雪，所以東西的形狀很難辨認(rèn)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。4.單選題She agreed to take the naughty boy along （ ） he behaved himself.問題1選項(xiàng)A.whetherB.thatC.providedD.in case【答案】C【解析】句意：她同意把那個(gè)淘氣的男孩帶走,只要他聽話就行。選項(xiàng)C符合句

4、意。5.寫作題Directions: Write a composition in the title “On Aging Society” based on the following given outline. Your composition should be about 150 English words. Please write your composition on the ANSWER SHEET.【答案】There is a classic question in China which may seem bizarre in the eyes of foreigners

5、: should we help the old people who fell down on the street? The topic is controversial because it happened that people who helped the old people got themselves in trouble. I believe we should always offer assistance to senior people who fell down, because if we dont, citizenship will never prevail.

6、This dilemma shows the lack of trust among us and it has been translated into the indifference to others, considering that we have entered into a “society of strangers”. And the situation has been worsened by the unpleasant cases that have happened. But if we want to see changes, we need to do the r

7、ight thing, and if we all choose to do so, there will be no room for deception and blackmail. In that case, justice will gain the upper hand.It is more important for the government and public media to form an agreeable environment that encourages people to do the right thing. On the one hand, The go

8、vernment should use its hard power to establish laws to protect people who offer help and punish those taking advantage of peoples kindness. On the other hand, public media should make full use of its soft power to raise peoples awareness of citizenship. It has to tell people what is right and what

9、is wrong, and should not hype the bad examples in which kindhearted people get extorted.6.單選題The parents were worried about Dorothy because no one was aware （ ） she had gone.問題1選項(xiàng)A.where thatB.of whereC.whereD.the place【答案】B【解析】be aware of.句意：父母很擔(dān)心Dorothy, 因?yàn)闆]有人知道她去了哪里。選項(xiàng)B正確。7.單選題Jims score on the t

10、est is the highest; he （ ） hard.問題1選項(xiàng)A.should have studiedB.could have studiedC.must have studiedD.could study【答案】C【解析】句意：吉姆的考試分?jǐn)?shù)最高, 他一定很用功。表示肯定的推測(cè)用must。 8.單選題Science has long had an uneasy relationship with other aspects of culture. Think of Gallileos 17th century trial for his rebelling belief bef

11、ore the Catholic Church or poet William Blakes harsh remarks against the mechanistic worldview of Isaac Newton. The schism between science and the humanities, if anything, deepened in the 20th century.Until recently, the scientific community was so powerful that it could afford to ignore its critics

12、but no longer. As funding for science has declined, scientists have attacked “antiscience” in several books, notably Higher Superstition by Paul R. Gross, a biologist at the University of Virginia, and Norman Levitt, a mathematician at Rutgers University: and The Demon-haunted World, by Carl Sagan o

13、f Cornel University.Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as “The Flight from Science and Reason,” held in New York City in 1995, and “Science in the Age of Information,” which assembled last June near Buffalo.Antiscience clearly means different things to different pe

14、ople. Gross and Levitt find fault primarily with sociologists, philosophers and other academics who have questioned in sciences objectivity. Sagan is more concerned with those who believe in ghosts, creationism and other phenomena that contradict the scientific worldview.A survey of news stories in

15、1996 reveals that the antiscience tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.Few would dispute that the term applies to the Unabomb

16、er, whose manifesto, published in 1995, scorns science and longs for return to a pre-technological utopia. But surely that does not mean environmentalists concerned about uncontrolled industrial growth are antiscience, as an essay in US News & World Report last May seemed to suggest.The environmenta

17、lists, inevitably, respond to such critics. The true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrlish of Stanford University, a pioneer of environmental studies, are those who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth.Indeed,

18、 some observers fear that the antiscience epithet is in danger of becoming meaningless. “The term antiscience can lump together too many, quite different thing,” notes Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his 1993 work Science and Anti-science. “They have in common only one thing that the

19、y tend to annoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened.”1.The word “schism” (Paragraph 1) in the context probably means ( ).2.Paragraphs 2 and 3 are written to( ).3.Which of the following is true according to the passage?4.The author takes Paul R. Gross book Higher Superstition

20、as an illustration to show that ( ).5.The authors attitude toward the issue of “science vs. antiscience” is ( ).問題1選項(xiàng)A.confrontationB.dissatisfactionC.separationD.contempt問題2選項(xiàng)A.discuss the cause of the decline of sciences powerB.show the authors sympathy with scientistsC.explain the way in which sc

21、ience developsD.exemplify the division of science and the humanities問題3選項(xiàng)A.Environmentalists were blamed for antiscience in an essay.B.Politicians are not subjective to the labeling of antiscience.C.The “more enlightened” tend to tag others as antiscience.D.Tagging environmentalists as “antiscience”

22、 is justifiable.問題4選項(xiàng)A.traditional culture would greatly affect the development of scienceB.science is no longer vulnerable to be attackedC.different people may have different interpretation on scienceD.scientific community has become powerful enough to defend any critics against science問題5選項(xiàng)A.impar

23、tialB.subjectiveC.biasedD.puzzling【答案】第1題:C第2題:D第3題:A第4題:C第5題:A【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的第一句話“Science has long had an uneasy relationship with other aspects of culture. ”科學(xué)與文化其他方面的關(guān)系一直都很緊張, 以及后面的舉例可知, 20世紀(jì), 科學(xué)和人文之間的分歧加深了。confrontation對(duì)抗；dissatisfaction不滿；separation分歧, 裂痕；contempt蔑視。選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)C意思差不多, 但注意句子中的措辭用的是deepe

24、ned, 所以選項(xiàng)C更符合語境。2.第二段指出, 科學(xué)界如此之強(qiáng)大以至于可以對(duì)批評(píng)者置之不理但現(xiàn)在不同了。由于科學(xué)經(jīng)費(fèi)減少, 科學(xué)家開始著書抨擊“反科學(xué)”傾向；第三段指出, 科學(xué)的擁護(hù)者也在一些會(huì)議上表達(dá)了他們的擔(dān)憂。根據(jù)第一段提到的科學(xué)和人文之間的分歧加深, 由此推斷第二段和第三段主要是舉例說明科學(xué)和人文的分歧。選項(xiàng)D正確。3.根據(jù)第六段的第二句“But surely that.seemed to suggest.”, 當(dāng)然, 這并不意味著, 對(duì)不加控制的工業(yè)發(fā)展表示擔(dān)憂的環(huán)保主義者也是反科學(xué)的, 而去年5月份刊登在美國(guó)新聞和世界報(bào)導(dǎo)的一篇文章卻似乎暗示是這么回事。選項(xiàng)A一篇文章指責(zé)環(huán)境保護(hù)

25、者為反科學(xué)者, 正確；根據(jù)第五段的內(nèi)容,反科學(xué)的標(biāo)簽也貼在了許多其他群體上, 從提倡消滅最后殘存的天花病毒庫的官方人士到倡議削減基礎(chǔ)研究基金的共和黨人。這里面包含了政黨人, 所以選項(xiàng)B表述錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)C在文中沒有提及。選項(xiàng)D給環(huán)境保護(hù)者貼上“反科學(xué)”的標(biāo)簽是有道理的, 錯(cuò)誤。4.根據(jù)第四段的一二句“Antiscience clearly means different things to different people. Gross and Levitt find fault primarily with sociologists, philosophers and other academi

26、cs who have questioned in sciences objectivity.”反科學(xué)對(duì)不同的人有不同的含義。格羅斯和萊維特主要挑那些質(zhì)疑科學(xué)客觀性的社會(huì)學(xué)家、哲學(xué)家和其他學(xué)者的毛病。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。5.作者只是客觀地?cái)⑹隽丝茖W(xué)和人文學(xué)科之間的分歧, 在文中沒有發(fā)表任何自己的看法或態(tài)度, 所以作者的態(tài)度是客觀公正的。選項(xiàng)A正確。impartial公平公正的；subjective主觀的；biased有偏見的；puzzling疑惑的。9.單選題Diamonds have little （ ） value and their price depends almost entirely

27、 on their scarcity.問題1選項(xiàng)A.extinctB.permanentC.surplusD.intrinsic【答案】D【解析】extinct滅絕的, 絕種的, 破滅的;permanent永久的;surplus過剩的, 多余的;intrinsic內(nèi)在的。句意： 鉆石本身沒有什么價(jià)值, 它昂貴的價(jià)格主要是因?yàn)槠湎∪毙浴?0.單選題The commander said to his troops that under no circumstances （ ） to step across the border.問題1選項(xiàng)A.the enemy should be allowedB

28、.should the enemy be allowedC.should allow the enemyD.the enemy should allow【答案】B【解析】考查倒裝。帶有否定意義的短語，其主謂部分要倒裝，首先向排除選項(xiàng)A和D。不被允許表被動(dòng)，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。句意：指揮官對(duì)他的部隊(duì)說，在任何情況下都不允許敵人跨越邊境。11.單選題He said it would not be all that difficult to reach a peaceful conclusion to the（ ） .問題1選項(xiàng)A.paradoxB.dilemmaC.prejudiceD.conflic

29、t【答案】D【解析】paradox似非而是的論點(diǎn)，自相矛盾的話；dilemma困境，進(jìn)退兩難；prejudice偏見，成見；conflict沖突，爭(zhēng)執(zhí)，矛盾。句意：他說并不是所有的沖突都很難達(dá)成和平解決的共識(shí)。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。 12.單選題He couldnt lie convincingly enough to take a child （ ） .問題1選項(xiàng)A.awayB.downC.inD.up【答案】C【解析】考查詞組搭配。take away帶走；take down取下, 記下；take in欺騙；take up從事。句意:他說的謊話不足以欺騙孩子（他騙不了一個(gè)孩子）。13.單選題Geo

30、rge Washington （ ） .問題1選項(xiàng)A.always will and always has been an American heroB.always has and always will an American heroC.always has and always will be an American heroD.always has been and always will be an American hero【答案】D【解析】考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)和一般將來時(shí)態(tài)的用法。在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)中，如果謂語中有名詞短語時(shí)，此時(shí)要借助been來一起組成其謂語成分，即have/has

31、been +名詞短語；在一般將來時(shí)態(tài)中，如果謂語動(dòng)詞中有名詞短語，此時(shí)要借助be來一起組成其謂語成分，即be +名詞短語。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。句意：George Washington 一直都是一位美國(guó)英雄，并將永遠(yuǎn)是。14.單選題It is unfortunate that the members of the committee do not （ ） in opinion.問題1選項(xiàng)A.coincideB.conformC.complyD.collaborate【答案】A【解析】coincide一致, 符合；conform符合, 遵照；comply遵守, 順從；collaborate合作。句意：

32、令人遺憾的是, 委員會(huì)成員沒有統(tǒng)一意見。意見一致用coincide。15.單選題You probably know that its better for both you and the environment if you buy an organic tomato instead of one that7 s been doused in pesticides, but there are lots of other things to consider before venturing down the aisle of your local supermarket (or farme

33、rs market).The explosion in （1 ） produce and other foods during the last few years has been an extremely （2 ） development in the food industry. However, （3 ） still exists about exactly what the organic （4 ） means.Do you know the difference between a cereal thats “organic, 100% organic” ,and “made wi

34、th organic （5 ） ? The USDA has clearly defined standards that （6 ） which of those labels can legally go on your raisin bran. You can learn more about them .Organic foods are great, but the jury is still very much out （7 ） another new development in the food world: genetically （8 ） organisms ( GMOs)

35、. No one knows for certain the short and （9 ） effects of these products of gene engineering, （10 ） theres a chance they could lead to the （11 ） creation of “superweeds” or （12 ） with natural plant stocks, for more information on GMOs, we recommend visiting . （13 ） youre shopping, dont forget to cons

36、ider the companies behind the （14 ） names. One cereal company might be an environmental champion, （15 ） the other manufactures its corn flakes via （16 ） environmental practices. An easy way to compare two companies is to use （17 ） such as . They present both the good and bad sides of every company t

37、hey （18 ） ,and they grade hundreds of companies on social,ethical and environmental issues. Remember: （19 ） conscious shopping is a powerful tool for effecting change. You can make a difference every time you fill your （20 ） cart.問題1選項(xiàng)A.greenB.organicC.healthyD.optional問題2選項(xiàng)A.positiveB.negativeC.act

38、iveD.passive問題3選項(xiàng)A.controversyB.contributionC.conversionD.confusion問題4選項(xiàng)A.labelB.markC.wordD.food問題5選項(xiàng)A.componentsB.genesC.ingredientsD.compositions問題6選項(xiàng)A.determineB.illustrateC.recommendD.demonstrate問題7選項(xiàng)A.inB.toC.forD.on問題8選項(xiàng)A.movedB.modifiedC.modeledD.motivated問題9選項(xiàng)A.long-runB.long-termC.long-day

39、D.long-distance問題10選項(xiàng)A.whileB.andC.butD.or問題11選項(xiàng)A.unconditionalB.unexceptionalC.unintentionalD.uncontroversial問題12選項(xiàng)A.interfereB.interveneC.interactD.intrude問題13選項(xiàng)A.AnytimeB.Any timeC.SometimeD.Some time問題14選項(xiàng)A.brandB.codeC.productD.family問題15選項(xiàng)A.whenB.whileC.asD.because問題16選項(xiàng)A.constructiveB.destruc

40、tiveC.instructiveD.obstructive問題17選項(xiàng)A.sightsB.addressesC.sitesD.webs問題18選項(xiàng)A.profitB.profileC.proposeD.protect問題19選項(xiàng)A.sociallyB.conditionallyC.morallyD.environmentally問題20選項(xiàng)A.nurseryB.groceryC.bakeryD.stationery【答案】第1題:B第2題:A第3題:A第4題:A第5題:C第6題:A第7題:D第8題:B第9題:B第10題:C第11題:D第12題:A第13題:A第14題:A第15題:B第16題:

41、B第17題:C第18題:B第19題:D第20題:B【解析】（1）句意：在過去的幾年里， 產(chǎn)品和其他食品急劇增長(zhǎng)。根據(jù)下文多次organic可知選項(xiàng)B符合原文。（2）根據(jù)原文可知，有機(jī)物產(chǎn)品和其他食品上的急劇增長(zhǎng)對(duì)食品業(yè)的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生的是積極的影響。選項(xiàng)A正確。（3）controversy論爭(zhēng)，論戰(zhàn)，辯論；contribution貢獻(xiàn)；conversion對(duì)話；confusion混淆。上一句提到積極影響，立馬轉(zhuǎn)折，說明這里指存在著爭(zhēng)議。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。（4）label標(biāo)簽；mark標(biāo)志。將organic描述為標(biāo)簽更恰當(dāng)，指對(duì)這一類產(chǎn)品的分類。（5）components零件，構(gòu)成要素；genes基因；

42、ingredients成分，因素；compositions寫作，作曲。根據(jù)原文可知，這里指有機(jī)產(chǎn)品的成分。（6）determine確定，決定；illustrate舉例說明，闡明；recommend推薦，勸告；demonstrate證實(shí)，證明。句意：美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部已經(jīng)制定了明確的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，確定哪些標(biāo)簽可以合法地貼在葡萄和麥片上。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。（7）句意：有機(jī)食品是很不錯(cuò)，但是評(píng)審委員對(duì)食品行業(yè)的另外一種創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品依舊知之甚少。這里的on指對(duì)于，關(guān)于。選項(xiàng)D正確。（8）genetically modified organisms(GMOs)是固定搭配，意為轉(zhuǎn)基因生物。（9）long-run長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的；long

43、-term長(zhǎng)期的；long-day搭配錯(cuò)誤；long-distance長(zhǎng)距離的。句意：沒有人確切知道這些基因工程產(chǎn)品的短期和長(zhǎng)期的影響。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。（10）根據(jù)上下文句意可知這里表示轉(zhuǎn)折，所以用but。（11）unconditional無條件的，絕對(duì)的，無限制的；unexceptional非例外的，普通的；unintentional無心的，無意識(shí)的；uncontroversial不會(huì)引起爭(zhēng)議的。句意：也有可能生成一種 的創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品“超級(jí)種子”。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。（12）interfere妨礙，抵觸，沖突，介入；intervene干涉，調(diào)停；internet互相作用，互相影響；intrude強(qiáng)擠

44、入，闖入，侵入。句意：或者會(huì) 農(nóng)作物的自然生長(zhǎng)。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。（13）Anytime任何時(shí)候，無論何時(shí)；Any time在任何時(shí)候；Sometime在某一時(shí)候，有時(shí)；Some time一段時(shí)間。句意：當(dāng)你購(gòu)物的時(shí)候，請(qǐng)不要忘了考慮商標(biāo)背后的生產(chǎn)商。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。（14）brand name為固定搭配，指商標(biāo)。（15）前后兩個(gè)句子形成對(duì)比，所以用while更恰當(dāng)。（16）constructive 建設(shè)性的，有益的；destructive破壞的，消極的，毀滅性的；instructive有益的，教育性的；obstructive阻礙的，妨礙的。兩個(gè)句子形成對(duì)比，上句是環(huán)保，下句當(dāng)然是破壞環(huán)境，所以

45、選項(xiàng)B符合原文。（17）such as后面的內(nèi)容是一串網(wǎng)址，所以本題選C。sights見解，看法；addresses地址；sites網(wǎng)址，站點(diǎn)；webs網(wǎng)絡(luò)。（18）句意：這些網(wǎng)址展示了它們所描述的每家公司的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。profit獲利，有益于；profile扼要描述，描出的輪廓；propose計(jì)劃，建議；protect保護(hù)。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。（19）socially在社交方面，在社會(huì)地位上；conditionally附有條件地；morally正常地；environmentally有關(guān)環(huán)境方面。句意： 具有 意識(shí)的消費(fèi)是實(shí)現(xiàn)改變的強(qiáng)大工具。根據(jù)上文可知選項(xiàng)D正確。（20）nursery護(hù)士；groc

46、ery雜貨；bakery面包店；stationery文具。句意：你可以在每次裝滿購(gòu)物車的時(shí)候都有所作為。grocery cart為常用搭配，指購(gòu)物車。選項(xiàng)B正確。16.單選題The ancient forests of the Pacific Northwest are the last relatively intact “old growth” ecosystem in America. （1 ） principally in northern California, Oregon and Washington, the ancient forests are a vital part o

47、f our national heritage. Today, our ancient forests are in （2 ） . They are being destroyed at the （3 ） rate of 60,000 acres per year. Ninety percent of our ancient forests have （4 ） . Only 10% still stand. Overcutting these forests destroys an ecosystem and （5 ） .The forests provide clean water and

48、air, spawning grounds for salmon, a billion dollar per year fishing industry, abundant wildlife and （6 ） . The timber industry in the Pacific Northwest has been undergoing a （7 ） since the early 80s （8 ） the spotted owl became an issue, （9 ） has led to steadily falling employment （10） . The industry

49、 modernized mills, exported raw logs overseas, and abandoned the Pacific Northwest to other （11） of the United States. This led to the （12） of over 26,000 timber-related jobs in Oregon and Washington during the 80s.Industry claims that environmental laws are to （13） for the decline in timber jobs in

50、 the Pacific Northwest do not （14） under close examination. （15） , the industry itself is responsible for many of these job losses （16） the overcutting of the forests for the past decade, （17） the export of raw （181） overseas. （19） such laws nothing can be done effectively. The reason is the fact th

51、at one in four trees cut in the Northwest is exported （20） an estimated 15,000 jobs.問題1選項(xiàng)A.ScatteredB.SpottedC.FoundD.Viewed問題2選項(xiàng)A.progressB.jeopardyC.riseD.risk問題3選項(xiàng)A.astonishingB.thrillingC.terrificD.frightening問題4選項(xiàng)A.destroyedB.being destroyedC.been destroyedD.to be destroyed問題5選項(xiàng)A.industryB.ente

52、rpriseC.establishmentD.economy問題6選項(xiàng)A.life-lastingB.fatalC.mortalD.lifesaving問題7選項(xiàng)A.transitionB.transportationC.transitD.transaction問題8選項(xiàng)A.before longB.long sinceC.as long asD.long before問題9選項(xiàng)A.of whichB.whoC.in whichD.which問題10選項(xiàng)A.standardsB.levelsC.layersD.criteria問題11選項(xiàng)A.directionsB.dimensionsC.re

53、gionsD.zones問題12選項(xiàng)A.gainB.lossC.profitD.wastage問題13選項(xiàng)A.blameB.praiseC.criticizeD.punish問題14選項(xiàng)A.hold outB.hold inC.hold upD.hold down問題15選項(xiàng)A.In factB.In theoryC.In practiceD.In a sense問題16選項(xiàng)A.with regard toB.due toC.liable toD.confirming to問題17選項(xiàng)A.orB.butC.ifD.and問題18選項(xiàng)A.woodsB.materialsC.logsD.trees

54、問題19選項(xiàng)A.WithB.WithoutC.Rather thanD.Instead of問題20選項(xiàng)A.costingB.countingC.deservingD.finding【答案】第1題:A第2題:B第3題:A第4題:C第5題:D第6題:A第7題:A第8題:D第9題:C第10題:B第11題:C第12題:B第13題:A第14題:B第15題:A第16題:B第17題:D第18題:C第19題:B第20題:A【解析】（1）根據(jù)上文提到了太平洋西北部的古老森林是美國(guó)最后一個(gè)相對(duì)完整的“古老生長(zhǎng)”生態(tài)系統(tǒng), 接著提到古老森林是國(guó)家遺產(chǎn)的重要組成部分, 尤其是分布于加利福尼亞州北部、俄勒岡州和華盛頓

55、州的古老森林。Scatter分散； Spot發(fā)現(xiàn)；Found找到；Viewed觀察。選項(xiàng)A正確。（2）根據(jù)下句的關(guān)鍵詞destroyed可知, 現(xiàn)在的古老森林正處于危險(xiǎn)之中, 首先排除選項(xiàng)A和C；in jeopardy比較正式, 指暴露在極端危險(xiǎn)的情況下, 符合原文語境。而risk一般不與介詞in搭配。（3）astonishing驚人的；thrilling毛骨悚然的, 興奮的；terrific可怕的, 極好的；frightening令人恐懼的。根據(jù)原文, 它們正以每年6萬英畝的驚人速度被摧毀。選項(xiàng)A更符合原文。（4）根據(jù)原文, 90%的古老森林已經(jīng)被摧毀, 只有10%尚且還在。這里的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該是

56、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí), 森林是被摧毀, 用被動(dòng)語態(tài), 所以, 選項(xiàng)C正確。（5）industry工業(yè)；enterprise企業(yè), 事業(yè)；establishment設(shè)施；economy經(jīng)濟(jì)。根據(jù)下文, 森林提供干凈的水和空氣, 鮭魚的產(chǎn)卵地, 每年十億美元的捕魚業(yè).由此可知, 過度砍伐森林是在破壞生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和經(jīng)濟(jì)。（6）life-lasting生命持久的；fatal致命的；mortal致死的；lifesaving救命的。根據(jù)原文, 森林提供干凈的水和空氣, 鮭魚的產(chǎn)卵地, 每年十億美元的捕魚業(yè), 還有豐富的野生動(dòng)物, 由此生命得以延續(xù)。選項(xiàng)A更符合原文。（7）transition過渡, 轉(zhuǎn)變； transp

57、ortation運(yùn)輸； transit運(yùn)輸, 經(jīng)過；transaction交易, 事務(wù)。根據(jù)原文, 自80年代初以來, 西北太平洋地區(qū)的木材工業(yè)一直在經(jīng)歷轉(zhuǎn)型。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。（8）before long不久以后；long since很久以前；as long as只要；long before很久以前, 在.之前。先做完后面的兩道題目再回過頭來看, 答案很明顯為D。原文翻譯為：早在斑點(diǎn)貓頭鷹成為問題之前, 木材工業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)型就導(dǎo)致了就業(yè)水平的穩(wěn)步下降。（9）這里的先行詞不是issue, 而是前面57題需要選擇的transition。In transition指在過渡時(shí)期。這句話的意思是, 早在斑點(diǎn)貓

58、頭鷹成為問題之前, 木材工業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)型就導(dǎo)致了就業(yè)水平的穩(wěn)步下降。（10）employment levels指就業(yè)水平。根據(jù)原文, 這里指木材工業(yè)一直在經(jīng)歷轉(zhuǎn)型, 導(dǎo)致了就業(yè)水平的穩(wěn)步下降。（11）directions方向；dimensions規(guī)模；regions地區(qū)；zones地帶。原文的意思是放棄太平洋西北部而轉(zhuǎn)到美國(guó)其他地區(qū)。選項(xiàng)C正確。（12）根據(jù)上文可知, 就業(yè)水平在下降, 這里應(yīng)該是2600多個(gè)相關(guān)的職業(yè)消失。wastage指浪費(fèi), 用在此處不恰當(dāng)。（13）be to blame for指應(yīng)該為某事負(fù)責(zé)。這里指工業(yè)宣稱環(huán)境法應(yīng)該為西北太平洋地區(qū)木材就業(yè)崗位減少而負(fù)責(zé)任。（14）hold

59、 out堅(jiān)持；hold in抑制, 約束；hold up舉起, 攔截；hold down抑制。（15）根據(jù)原文, 上文說工業(yè)宣稱環(huán)境法應(yīng)該負(fù)責(zé), 而下文說到工業(yè)本身才是應(yīng)該負(fù)責(zé)的那一方。選項(xiàng)A事實(shí)上, 符合原文語境。In theory理論上；In practice在實(shí)踐中；In a sense在某種意義上。（16）with regard to關(guān)于, 至于；due to因?yàn)? 由于；liable to易于；confirming to符合, 遵循。根據(jù)原文, 在過去的幾十年里, 正是由于過度的砍伐森林才導(dǎo)致了許多工作的流失。這里表原因用due to。（17）除了過度砍伐, 還有將原木出口到國(guó)外等原

60、因。這里表遞進(jìn), 用and。（18）row logs指原木, 在原文中可以找到答案。（19）根據(jù)原文, 如果沒有這種法律, 做什么都是徒勞的。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。（20）根據(jù)原文, 西北地區(qū)四分之一的樹木被砍伐出口將導(dǎo)致大約1.5萬個(gè)就業(yè)崗位的流失。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。17.單選題The basic causes are unknown, although certain conditions that may lead to cancer have been （ ） .問題1選項(xiàng)A.identifiedB.guaranteedC.notifiedD.conveyed【答案】A【解析】identifi