四級(jí)聽力長(zhǎng)對(duì)話技巧課件

四級(jí)長(zhǎng)對(duì)話聽力LongConversations四級(jí)長(zhǎng)對(duì)話聽力LongConversations一、三大基本功二、句型熟悉三、長(zhǎng)對(duì)話設(shè)題點(diǎn)解密四、10大聽前預(yù)測(cè)方法五、真題演練一、三大基本功一、三大基本功

（一）聽前預(yù)測(cè)(二)聽時(shí)抓“點(diǎn)”（三）注意使用縮略語(yǔ)一、三大基本功

（一）聽前預(yù)測(cè)一、三大基本功（一）聽前預(yù)測(cè)

1.先縱后橫所謂“先縱”，就是首先通讀每篇后的3-4個(gè)小題，找出關(guān)鍵詞，前后聯(lián)系，預(yù)測(cè)全篇大致主題。

所謂“后橫”，就是在仍有時(shí)間的情況下，通看各題選項(xiàng)，看看是否存在生詞，總結(jié)長(zhǎng)句的核心意思，以此預(yù)測(cè)考點(diǎn)和可能的答案。兩步預(yù)測(cè)都要注意隨時(shí)做出標(biāo)注,劃出關(guān)鍵詞或簡(jiǎn)寫長(zhǎng)句的大意,因?yàn)閱螒{記憶在"高壓"的聽力考試中是萬(wàn)萬(wàn)靠不住的。一、三大基本功（一）聽前預(yù)測(cè)以2007年12月ConversationTwo為例:

23.A)Sheisthirstyforpromotion.

B)Shewantsamuchhighersalary.

C)Sheistiredofherpresentwork.

D)Shewantstosavetravelexpenses.首先通過promotion,salary和work可得出本對(duì)話的大致主題是有關(guān)職業(yè),再聯(lián)系兩次出現(xiàn)的wants,想到或許與求職有關(guān),并順理成章地想到可能會(huì)談到離職的原因、新職位的性質(zhì)以及薪酬等等。這就是上面所說的"先縱"。

此后我們可對(duì)選項(xiàng)中較長(zhǎng)的詞語(yǔ)做標(biāo)注,通過聽錄音我們發(fā)現(xiàn)本題答案的對(duì)應(yīng)信息在原文中是"I'mfedupwithmyjob.",正是"tiredof"的同義置換。這就是上面所說的"后橫"?？梢?事先標(biāo)注關(guān)鍵信息,可讓我們?cè)诼爼r(shí)將注意力集中到更小的"點(diǎn)",起到事半功倍的效果。以2007年12月ConversationTwo為例:2.分清主次與生活中的情形相似,雙方對(duì)話的時(shí)候常有主次之分,如:一方詢問,另一方作答時(shí),關(guān)鍵信息多出現(xiàn)在作答一方,考點(diǎn)自然也就多出于此。分清對(duì)話雙方的主次對(duì)于我們預(yù)測(cè)考點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)的位置很重要,方法也簡(jiǎn)單易行。以2006年12月ConversationTwo為例:8’002.分清主次與生活中的情形相似,雙方對(duì)話的時(shí)候常有主次之分22.A)Itwasaboutalittleanimal.

B)Ittookhersixyearstowrite.

C)Itwasadaptedfromafairytale.

D)Itwasaboutalittlegirlandherpet.23.A)Sheknowshowtowritebest-sellingnovels.

B)Shecanearnalotofmoneybywritingforadults.

C)Sheisabletowinenoughsupportfrompublishers.

D)Shecanmakealivingbydoingwhatshelikes.24.A)Thecharacters.B)Thereaders.C)Herideas.D)Herlifeexperiences.25.A)Shedoesn'treallyknowwheretheyoriginated.

B)Shemainlydrewonstoriesofancientsaints.

C)Theypoppedoutofherchild-hooddreams.

D)Theygrewoutofherlonghoursofthinking.22.A)ItwasaboutalittleA

dca通看下劃線部分不難發(fā)現(xiàn),幾乎所有的選項(xiàng)都與女性會(huì)話者有關(guān),可料想此對(duì)話中男性會(huì)話者多提出問題,女性多做答復(fù),聽時(shí)當(dāng)然主要聽女性會(huì)話者所說的內(nèi)容。Adca

(二)聽時(shí)抓“點(diǎn)”有了充分的聽前預(yù)測(cè),聽時(shí)的主要任務(wù)就是抓住考點(diǎn),且掌握如下兩個(gè)原則:

1.考點(diǎn)均勻分布,易出現(xiàn)在話輪轉(zhuǎn)換處首先,長(zhǎng)對(duì)話后設(shè)的3-4個(gè)小題一般均勻地分布在對(duì)話的每個(gè)回合,極少出現(xiàn)某一個(gè)回合包含兩個(gè)考點(diǎn)的情況。這樣,我們?cè)谝粋€(gè)對(duì)話回合中找到一個(gè)考點(diǎn)后,剩余的部分就可不做詳聽,讓緊張的神經(jīng)稍做放松,有利于將精力集中于下面的考點(diǎn)。其次,考點(diǎn)的位置多是話輪轉(zhuǎn)換的時(shí)候。具體的說,就是對(duì)話一方某段發(fā)言的開頭和結(jié)尾部分,這也完全符合西方人的思維習(xí)慣,即在發(fā)言伊始多是開門見山,而在發(fā)言結(jié)尾處又總括強(qiáng)調(diào)。仍以2006年12月ConversationTwo為例:(二)聽時(shí)抓“點(diǎn)”有了充分的聽前預(yù)測(cè),聽時(shí)的主要任務(wù)就是M:Hi,MissRowling,howoldwereyouwhenyoustartedtowrite?Andwhatwasyourfirstbook?W:IwrotemyfirststorywhenIwasaboutsix.Itwasaboutasmallanimal,arabbit,Imean,andI'vebeenwritingeversince.(22題考點(diǎn))M:Whydidyouchoosetobeanauthor?W:Ifsomeoneaskedmehowtoachievehappiness,steponewouldbefindingoutwhatyoulovedoingmostandsteptwowouldbefindingsomeonetopayyoutodothis.Iconsidermyselfveryluckyindeedtobeabletosupportmyselfbywriting.(23題考點(diǎn))M:Hi,MissRowling,howoldwM:Doyouhaveanyplanstowritebooksforadults?W:Myfirsttwonovelswereforadults.IsupposeImightwriteanotherone,butIneverreallyimagineatargetaudiencewhenI'mwriting.Theideascomefirst,soitreallydependsontheideasthatgraspmenext.(24題考點(diǎn))M:WheredidtheideasfortheHarryPotterbookscomefrom?W:I'venoideawheretheideascamefrom.AndIhopeI'llneverfindout.(25題考點(diǎn))ItwouldspoilmyexcitementifitturnedoutIjusthaveafunnywrinkleonthesurfaceofmybrain,whichmakesmethinkabouttheinvisibletrainplatform.M:Doyouhaveanyplanstowr2.重復(fù)率較高的詞或短語(yǔ)多成為考點(diǎn)對(duì)話的主要內(nèi)容理所當(dāng)然會(huì)得到說話人的強(qiáng)調(diào),而一個(gè)非常重要且明顯的強(qiáng)調(diào)方式就是重復(fù),故重復(fù)的詞語(yǔ)往往能夠揭示對(duì)話的主題。如問:Whatisthenewscoveragemainlyabout?【例7】(710分樣卷-22)【預(yù)覽選項(xiàng)】

[A]ThelatestdevelopmentsofanarmedrebellioninKarnak.

[B]ThefallofKarnak’scapitalcityintothehandsoftherebelforces.

[C]TheepidemicthathasjustbrokenoutinthecountryofKarnak.

[D]ThepeacetalksbetweentherebelsandthegovernmentinKarnak.而原文中多次出現(xiàn)rebelforces,conflict,war等與"叛亂"相關(guān)的詞語(yǔ),也可判斷本題答案為A)ThelatestdevelopmentsofanarmedrebellioninKarnak.2.重復(fù)率較高的詞或短語(yǔ)多成為考點(diǎn)（三）注意使用縮略語(yǔ)記筆記一定要迅速，而要想在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)盡可能比較全面的記錄重點(diǎn)信息，使用一定的縮略語(yǔ)和熟悉的符號(hào)是十分必要的，主要有以下幾種方法：

1)利用數(shù)學(xué)符號(hào)。如equal寫成“=”;“≠”表示“unequal”;“↑”代表increase/up;“←”表示resultfrom/because/since/for/as;“→”代表leadto/resultin/hasbecome/turninto;“↓”表示decrease/drop/dip/fall;“≈”代表about/almost;>表示morethan;<表示lessthan;“+”代表include/cover;“-”則是exclude等。（三）注意使用縮略語(yǔ)2)利用數(shù)字和其他固定符號(hào)。能用數(shù)字或其他固定符號(hào)代表的詞全部用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字或符號(hào)，這樣既能節(jié)約時(shí)間，又能避免拼寫錯(cuò)誤，如：twenty寫成20;nineteeneightyfour記作1984;$=dollar;￡=pound;11inthemorning=11am;11intheevening=11pm等。3)創(chuàng)造自己的速寫符號(hào)。在平時(shí)的訓(xùn)練中也可以使用和創(chuàng)造一些符合自己習(xí)慣的縮略語(yǔ)和符號(hào)，如u可代表understand(ing);m可代表mean(ing);m=minute;s=second;h=hour;imp.=important/importance;nec.=necessary等。2)利用數(shù)字和其他固定符號(hào)。二、長(zhǎng)對(duì)話的常用詞匯/短語(yǔ)及句型

1.工作類

2.家庭日常生活類

3.休閑時(shí)光類

二、長(zhǎng)對(duì)話的常用詞匯/短語(yǔ)及句型

1.工作類

1.工作類

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)突出實(shí)用性,即讓學(xué)生畢業(yè)后能在實(shí)際工作中自如地運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行交流。大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)的聽力考試也正是突出了這一特點(diǎn),所以涉及工作的話題頗多,但是很少談?wù)摼唧w工作細(xì)節(jié),大都是日常的工作情況,請(qǐng)大家注意這方面語(yǔ)料的積累,在取得好成績(jī)的同時(shí),也進(jìn)一步提高自己的實(shí)際英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用能力。

1.工作類

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)突出實(shí)用性,總結(jié)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的相關(guān)詞匯/短語(yǔ)如下:beresponsiblefor,outofcontrol,trading,financialmarket,work-related,changingjobs,highstress,astressfuljob,anelementofstress,long-termperformanceandsuccess,equipment,proposal,humanresources,advertisinginthepapers,advertisingstrategy,commercials,investment,profit,budget,effectivecommunicationskills,abilitytoworkindividually,retire,retirement,scheme,temporarystaff,committeework,inchargeof,resumé,etc.

總結(jié)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的相關(guān)詞匯/短語(yǔ)如下:以下總結(jié)工作類話題經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的句子/句型:Didyouhavetimetolookatmyproposal?Ifwewanttostaycompetitive,weneedto...We’llhavetodiscuss...Weshouldconsider...Itisnotenoughanymore.Weneedtobemoreaggressiveinordertokeepaheadofourcompetitors.We’llbeabletoaffordthis.Iamfedupwithmyjob.IfIstayonmypresentjobmuchlonger,Iwon’thaveanymindorskillsleft.Whataboutsalary?ThatiswhyIaminterestedinthisjob.Ihavedonedifferenttypesofthings.Youarereallyresourceful.Youmightjustbethepersonwe’vebeenlookingfor.

以下總結(jié)工作類話題經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的句子/句型:2.家庭日常生活類

關(guān)于家庭日常生活的話題涉及面比較廣,出現(xiàn)頻率也比較高。2009年6月的試題出現(xiàn)了談?wù)撍送诵萆畹脑掝}；2008年12月的試題是關(guān)于買農(nóng)場(chǎng)；2008年6月的試題涉及了偷盜事件。因此我們要關(guān)注當(dāng)前社會(huì)的熱點(diǎn)話題,比如房?jī)r(jià)、交通、環(huán)境、安全等。

總結(jié)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的相關(guān)詞匯/短語(yǔ)如下:rent,landlord,house-leasingcontract,utilities,,agencyfees,realestate,mortgage(按揭),downpayment(首付),affordablehousing(經(jīng)濟(jì)適用房),withdrawal,deposit,trafficjam,route,rubbishdisposalstation,recycle,surrounding,facility,etc.

2.家庭日常生活類

關(guān)于家庭日常生活的話題涉及面比

以下總結(jié)家庭日常生活類話題經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的句子/句型:Whatformoftransportdoyouprefertouse?Whatareyouropinionsabouttrafficproblems?Thereisaproblemwith...Iamsorryaboutthisinconvenience.Howcanweaffordtobuy...?Wecanpayalittleon...I’vebeentoldyoumighthaveavacantroom.Doyouwanttosharewithanyroommatesorlivealone?Iheardthepriceofthehousehasrisenagain.

以下總結(jié)家庭日常生活類話題經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的句子/句型:3.休閑時(shí)光類

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)聽力考試中涉及到休閑內(nèi)容的材料也不少,但主要集中在旅游和預(yù)定酒店方面。

總結(jié)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的相關(guān)詞匯/短語(yǔ)如下:leisuretime,motel,accommodation,annualleave,touristattraction,resort,doubleroom,singleroom,passport,pack,readytoleave,dependon,relax,checkin,check-inprocedure,checkout,payinadvance,dosomesightseeing,fantastic,peakseason,low/offseason,receipt,registration,flexible,souvenir,holidaybrochure,groupreservation,travelagency,localspecialty,packagetour,one-waytrip,roundtrip,etc.

3.休閑時(shí)光類

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)聽力考試中涉及到休閑內(nèi)以下總結(jié)休閑時(shí)光類話題經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的句子/句型:Iampackedandreadytoleave.Ican’trememberwhichbagit’sin.Ihaveplannedto...Icangiveyoua10%discount.I’llhavetochargeyou100poundsforthenight.Iamgoingtovisit...Ihavealsotraveledabit.Itislesscrowdedandhotelscostless.Ilovetraintravel.Wouldyourecommendsomescenicspotsforustoseehere?Canyoushowmesomeoftheattractionshere?I’dliketoknowwhattheitineraryis.

以下總結(jié)休閑時(shí)光類話題經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的句子/句型:4.學(xué)習(xí)類

以2009年12月的真題為例,第一篇聽力長(zhǎng)對(duì)話的內(nèi)容是關(guān)于報(bào)計(jì)算機(jī)輔導(dǎo)班的,其中跟學(xué)習(xí)、學(xué)科相關(guān)的詞匯有:coursesincomputerprogramming,thefallsemester,eveningcourse,dataprocessing,register,registration等。通過這些我們還可以進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)臄U(kuò)展。

總結(jié)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的相關(guān)詞匯/短語(yǔ)如下:doresearchonline,take/sit/pass/failanexam,takeextralessons,compulsorycourses(公共必修課),creditsystemandselectivecourses,curriculum,seminar,website,academicyear,full-timestudent,major,thesis,freshman,degree,etc.

4.學(xué)習(xí)類

以2009年12月的真題為例,第一篇聽

以下總結(jié)學(xué)習(xí)類話題經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的句子/句型:Iamlookingforinformationon/about...Doyouwantadayoreveningcourse?Haveyoutakenanycourses?Howmanyweeksdoesthecourselast?Howmuchisthecourse?IwanttodoPhilosophyratherthanEnglish,butmyparentstalkedmeoutofit.Youwouldhavechosen...以下總結(jié)學(xué)習(xí)類話題經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的句子/句型:１.觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度句。

IthinkI’lltakethehalf-daytourofthecity.Idon’tthinkwecangetahotelatthistime.Isupposeyouwouldhavearrivedearlier.Ican’tagreemore.Idon’tfeellikegoingout.Whynot?Whybother?二、熟悉句型是聽力訓(xùn)練的基礎(chǔ)二、熟悉句型是聽力訓(xùn)練的基礎(chǔ)2.請(qǐng)求、建議句。Wouldyoulikesomefruitjuice?Whydon’twejuststayathome?Youarenotsupposedtobehere.Won’tfourbewiser?3.強(qiáng)調(diào)句。Butitwashewhohelpedmerepairingmycar.Ididseehimattheoffice.Hedidtakethebookoutofthelibrary.Ireallyfeelnervouswhentheprofessorcalledonme.2.請(qǐng)求、建議句。4.否定句。Idon’tfeellikegoingout.Iwasbarelyabletostayawake.Ican’tagreemore.5.反問句。Didn’tyouseethesign?Weren’tyounervouswhentheprofessorcalledonyouintheclass?Really?Iwasundertheimpressionthattheticketsweresoldoutalongtimeago.4.否定句。６.轉(zhuǎn)折句。Wedoneedanotherbookshelfinthisroom,buttheproblemisthespaceforit.I’dloveto,butIhavetogoandsend…Yes,butyouhavetorevisesomepartofit.７.條件句。IfIwereyou,IwouldstayathomeandwatchTV.Ifyoudon’tmindwaiting,I’llgetprepared.Ifithadn’tbeenthesnowing,Iwouldhavebeenhomeby9o’clock.６.轉(zhuǎn)折句。ExerciseonpageExerciseonpage三、長(zhǎng)對(duì)話設(shè)題點(diǎn)解密

長(zhǎng)對(duì)話的篇幅較長(zhǎng)，想要聽過之后就能將主要的內(nèi)容都清楚地記在腦子里，幾乎是不可能的?？忌挥新犚槐榈臋C(jī)會(huì)，只能邊聽、邊記、邊答。邊聽邊記是聽力中一項(xiàng)非常重要的技能，但是做筆記并不是要把聽到的每一個(gè)單詞都記下來(lái)，筆記無(wú)非是幫助記憶的手段，只要能把重要的信息用可識(shí)別的符號(hào)記錄下來(lái)，就算達(dá)到了目的。因此為了提高聽與記的效率，應(yīng)注意把握一定的技巧和原則。三、長(zhǎng)對(duì)話設(shè)題點(diǎn)解密1、對(duì)話的開頭主題句常常是在對(duì)話的開頭，它對(duì)整個(gè)對(duì)話的內(nèi)容起一個(gè)概括和提示的作用，實(shí)際上是說話人所談?wù)摰闹行脑掝}。長(zhǎng)對(duì)話中的第一題很可能是針對(duì)對(duì)話的開頭提問，考查考生對(duì)整個(gè)對(duì)話的主題或所談話題的把握。

1、對(duì)話的開頭【例1】(07-6-19)

【預(yù)覽選項(xiàng)】

[A]Togosightseeing.

[B]Tohavemeetings.

[C]Topromoteanewchampagne.

[D]Tojoininatrainingprogram.

【邊聽邊記】

M:Hi,Ann,welcomeback.How’syourtriptothestates?

W:Verybusy,[19]Ihadalotofmeetings.…

19.WhydidthewomangotoNewYork?

【答案解析】選[B]。細(xì)節(jié)題。對(duì)話一開始，男士就問女士去美國(guó)的旅行怎么樣，女士回答說很忙，她hadalotofmeetings(要參加很多會(huì)議)，由此可知女士去紐約是去參加會(huì)議?！纠?】(07-6-19)2、對(duì)話的結(jié)尾結(jié)尾處往往涉及到建議、決定或某種行為等，它對(duì)整個(gè)對(duì)話起到一個(gè)總結(jié)的作用。長(zhǎng)對(duì)話的最后一題經(jīng)常是針對(duì)對(duì)話的結(jié)尾設(shè)題，故留意其中的關(guān)鍵動(dòng)詞就成了解題的關(guān)鍵。2、對(duì)話的結(jié)尾【例2】(新06-6-25)

[A]Changinghermajor.

[B]Spendinglessofherparents'money.

[C]GettingtransferredtotheEnglishDepartment.

[D]Leavingtheuniversity.

……

W:……TheywouldbesodisappointedthoughifItoldthemIwasquitting.

25.WhatisKarenthinkingofdoing?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。對(duì)話結(jié)尾處女士通過進(jìn)行時(shí)表明了自己的打算(Iwasquitting)。注意這里的quit是指退出現(xiàn)在的專業(yè)，而不是指退出大學(xué)，選擇答案時(shí)需根據(jù)上下文，切忌根據(jù)常識(shí)進(jìn)行判斷?！纠?】(新06-6-25)3、對(duì)話中的一問一答長(zhǎng)對(duì)話中，對(duì)話雙方往往出現(xiàn)多個(gè)一問一答，而這恰恰是長(zhǎng)對(duì)話的一個(gè)出題重點(diǎn)，對(duì)話后面問題往往就是對(duì)話原文中問題的照搬或是同義轉(zhuǎn)述，因此其答案就是對(duì)話中緊接問題之后的答語(yǔ)，而且一般不會(huì)有同音或近音詞的干擾，因此對(duì)于這類題目答案的基本原則就是"聽到什么選什么"。3、對(duì)話中的一問一答【例3】(07-6-25)

【預(yù)覽選項(xiàng)】

[A]Datacollection.

[B]Trainingconsultancy.

[C]Corporatemanagement.

[D]Informationprocessing.

【邊聽邊記】

W:What’syourlineofbusiness,Mr.Johnson?

M:Weareatrainingconsultancy.

25.Whatistheman’slineofbusiness?

【答案解析】選[B]。細(xì)節(jié)題。女士的提問即為本題的提問，答案就在男士接下來(lái)的回答中。女士問男士What’syourlineofbusiness(做哪一行)，男士回答說Weareatrainingconsultancy(我們是培訓(xùn)咨詢公司),由此可知答案為[B]?！纠?】(07-6-25)4、對(duì)話中邏輯關(guān)系處長(zhǎng)對(duì)話中經(jīng)常會(huì)涉及到表示轉(zhuǎn)折、因果等邏輯關(guān)系的短語(yǔ)或句式，這些地方也很受出題人的青睞。

【例4】(新06-6-22)

[A]She'sworriedabouttheseminar.

[B]Themankeepsinterruptingher.

[C]Shefindsittoohard.

[D]Shelacksinterestinit.4、對(duì)話中邏輯關(guān)系處W:No,Jim,IsupposeIhaven't.Ineedtogetthroughalthough,butIkeepdriftingaway.

M:Soitdoesn'treallyholdyourinterest?

W:No,notreally.Iwouldn'tbotherwithit,tobehonest,butIhavetoreaditforaseminar.I'mattheuniversity.

22.Whycan'tKarenconcentrateonthebook?

【解析】推斷題。女士話中but轉(zhuǎn)折后內(nèi)容表明女士對(duì)那本書并不感興趣，緊接著男士和女士的一問一答再次揭示本題的答案為[D]。W:No,Jim,IsupposeIhaven'5、對(duì)話中建議處對(duì)話中一方給另一方提出的建議或意見常常會(huì)被作為出題的重點(diǎn)，因此，聽音時(shí)要注意捕捉一些特殊的表達(dá)建議的句式，如You’dbetter…,whynotdo…?等。

【例5】(06-12-20)

[A]StudythemapofQuebecProvince.

[B]FindmoreaboutQuebecCity.

[C]BrushuponherFrench.

[D]Learnmoreaboutthelocalcustoms.5、對(duì)話中建議處M:Well,…Infact,MontrealisthethirdlargestFrench-speakingcityintheworld.So[20]you’dbetterpracticeyourFrenchbeforeyougo.

W:Goodadvice.…

20.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodobeforethetrip?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。由男士話中的you’dbetter…可知他建議女士在去旅行前先練習(xí)一下法語(yǔ)(practiceFrench≈BrushuponFrench)，故答案為[C]。M:Well,…Infact,Montrealis6、對(duì)話中比較處形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，以及than,as…as等引出的比較結(jié)構(gòu)也是長(zhǎng)對(duì)話題的設(shè)題重點(diǎn)之一。這類題目的選項(xiàng)中經(jīng)常會(huì)含有比較結(jié)構(gòu)，考生要學(xué)會(huì)利用選項(xiàng)所給提示抓取關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。

【例6】(新06-6-23)

[A]Thelecturesareboring.

[B]Thecourseispoorlydesigned.

[C]SheprefersPhilosophytoEnglish.

[D]Sheenjoysliteraturemore.6、對(duì)話中比較處W:Ishouldsay,Idon'tlikeDickensatallreally,theauthor,indeed,Iamstartingtolikethewholecourselessandless.

M:It'snotjustthebook,it'sthecourseaswell?

W:Yeah,……Yousee,IwantedtodophilosophyratherthanEnglish,butmyparentstookmeoutofit.

23.WhyisKarenstartingtolikethecourselessandless?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。本題是在對(duì)話中的比較處命題(likethecourselessandless)。女士話中的dophilosophyratherthanEnglish表明女士寧愿學(xué)哲學(xué)而不愿學(xué)英語(yǔ)。ratherthan意為“而不是，不愿”。W:Ishouldsay,Idon'tlike7、對(duì)話中列舉、舉例處對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)列舉或舉例的地方往往也是出題的重點(diǎn)，因此，當(dāng)聽到suchas,forexample,forinstance,thefirst,thesecond等一類詞語(yǔ)，應(yīng)加以留意。

【例7】(710分樣卷-ConversationOne-20)

[A]Itcostmuchmorethanitsworth.

[B]Itshouldbebroughtup-to-date.

[C]Itcallsforimmediaterepairs.

[D]Itcanstillbeusedforalongtime.7、對(duì)話中列舉、舉例處W:Sure.I'vebeentryingtocomeupwithsomenewproductionandadvertisingstrategies.Firstofall,ifwewanttostaycompetitive,weneedtomodernizeourfactory.Newequipmentshould'vebeeninstalledlongago.

20.Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheequipmentoftheirfactory?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。女士說自己提出了一些新的生產(chǎn)和廣告戰(zhàn)略，接著列舉了首要的一點(diǎn)(firstofall)：設(shè)備需要盡快更新。W:Sure.I'vebeentryingtoc8、對(duì)話中推測(cè)處

must,may,can等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞常用于表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或過去事實(shí)的推測(cè)，這些地方常常受到出題人的青睞。

【例8】(新06-6-ConversationOne-21)

[A]ThewomanthinksMr.Saundersisaskingformorethantheycanoffer.

[B]Mr.Saunderswillshareonethirdofthewoman'sresponsibilities.

[C]Mr.Saundersbelievesthathedeservesmorepaidvacations.

[D]ThewomanseemstobesatisfiedwithMr.Saunders'pastexperience.8、對(duì)話中推測(cè)處W:Well,youmightjustbethepersonwe'vebeenlookingfor.Doyouhaveanyquestions?M:Uh-hum,ifIwerehired,howmanyaccountswouldIbehandling?

21.Whatcanweconcludefromtheconversation?

【解析】推斷題。由女士話中的推測(cè)句式Y(jié)oumightjustbetheperson…可推知，女士似乎對(duì)男士過去的經(jīng)驗(yàn)很滿意。W:Well,youmightjustbethe9、對(duì)話中的數(shù)字、人名、地名、時(shí)間、年代等相關(guān)信息遇到數(shù)字、人名、地名、時(shí)間、年代時(shí)要對(duì)相關(guān)信息做簡(jiǎn)要記錄，尤其是選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)類似的概念時(shí)，在聽音時(shí)更應(yīng)重點(diǎn)留意。

【例9】(710分樣卷-24)

【預(yù)覽選項(xiàng)】

[A]Lateinthemorning.

[B]Earlyintheafternoon.

[C]Sometimebeforedawn.

[D]Shortlyaftersunrise.9、對(duì)話中的數(shù)字、人名、地名、時(shí)間、年代等相關(guān)信息【邊聽邊記】

M:…Rebelforcesareclosingin,andit’sfearedthattheywillbeabletotakethecapitalbuildingbeforedaybreakwhere,itisbelieved,manygovernmentofficialsareholdingout.

24.Atwhattimeofdaydoyouthinkthisnewsreportisbeingmade?

【答案解析】選[C]。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文中…it’sfearedthattheywill…beforedaybreak.可知，當(dāng)時(shí)報(bào)道的時(shí)間應(yīng)該是在beforedaybreak(黎明破曉前)。dawn相當(dāng)于daybreak。【邊聽邊記】10、留意選項(xiàng)中的要點(diǎn)內(nèi)容正確選項(xiàng)往往與原文相似，或是原文的同義表達(dá)，因此應(yīng)注意提取選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)，在聽音時(shí)留意其是否在文中出現(xiàn)并加以記錄。

【例4】(710分樣卷-25)

【預(yù)覽選項(xiàng)】

[A]Inadequatemedicalcare.

[B]Continuingsocialunrest.

[C]Lackoffood,waterandshelter.

[D]Rapidspreadingoftheepidemic10、留意選項(xiàng)中的要點(diǎn)內(nèi)容【邊聽邊記】

W:…whatotherpressingconcernsarethereforthecitizensofthecity?

M:Well,sincethebeginningoftheconflict,starvation,andlackofcleanwaterandadequateshelterhavebeenthebiggestdailyobstaclesfacingthecitizensofthiswar-torncountry.

25.WhatisthepressingconcernofthecitizensofKarnack?

【答案解析】選[C]。細(xì)節(jié)題。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有[C]項(xiàng)內(nèi)容在對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)，其他三項(xiàng)均未涉及到，故只要抓住對(duì)話中starvation,andlackofcleanwaterandadequateshelter或其部分內(nèi)容，即可判斷答案為[C]。starvation意為“饑餓”?！具吢犨呌洝克募?jí)聽力長(zhǎng)對(duì)話技巧課件ExerciseonpageExerciseonpage四、聽力長(zhǎng)對(duì)話10大聽前預(yù)測(cè)方法

聽力題中很多選項(xiàng)都有比較明顯的特點(diǎn)，或者使用某種專門的表達(dá)形式，如均為動(dòng)詞原形或均為人物角色等;或者含有一些標(biāo)志性的詞語(yǔ)，通過這些選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)我們便可以推測(cè)問題可能考查的核心內(nèi)容;另外，我們經(jīng)?？梢酝ㄟ^對(duì)選項(xiàng)的分析，排除一些比較明顯的干擾性，縮小聽音范圍，從而在聽音時(shí)更有針對(duì)性。四、聽力長(zhǎng)對(duì)話10大聽前預(yù)測(cè)方法聽力題中很多選項(xiàng)都有比較明1、各題主題揭示對(duì)話主題將各題所考查的主題內(nèi)容結(jié)合在一起，往往可得出整篇對(duì)話的主題。如果某一題目是考查對(duì)話主題，其中的一個(gè)選項(xiàng)明顯能夠概括其他各題選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容，那么該選項(xiàng)很可能為答案。

【例1】(710分樣卷ConversationOne)

【預(yù)覽選項(xiàng)】19.[A]Tointerviewafewjobapplicants.

[B]Tofillavacancyinthecompany.

[C]Toadvertiseforajuniorsalesmanager.

[D]Toapplyforajobinamajornewspaper.1、各題主題揭示對(duì)話主題20.[A]Ahardworkingambitiousyoungman.

[B]Ayoungmangoodatmanaginghistime.

[C]Acollegegraduatewithpracticalworkingexperience.

[D]Ayoungmanwithhisownideaofwhatisimportant.20.[A]Ahardworkingambitio【聽前預(yù)測(cè)】預(yù)覽19題中的interview,applicants,vacancy,advertiseforamanager,applyforajob等詞語(yǔ)可以推測(cè)對(duì)話與刊登招聘廣告或應(yīng)聘工作有關(guān)。而20題中hardworking,ambitious,goodatmanaginghistime,withpracticalworkingexperience,withhisownidea等詞語(yǔ)則表明對(duì)話中還涉及到對(duì)所招聘人員的要求?！韭犌邦A(yù)測(cè)】2、選項(xiàng)均以動(dòng)詞的某種形式開頭含有這類選項(xiàng)的問題為考查“行為活動(dòng)”類型。根據(jù)動(dòng)詞的不同形式，問題考查的重點(diǎn)也可能不同。選項(xiàng)均以動(dòng)詞原形開頭，問題大多是關(guān)于建議某人做某事，有時(shí)也表示為了而某種目的而要做某事。選項(xiàng)均為動(dòng)名詞，問題大多是關(guān)于正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或者計(jì)劃打算。選項(xiàng)為不定式，問題很可能是關(guān)于做某事的目的，或是計(jì)劃、承諾或要求做某事。2、選項(xiàng)均以動(dòng)詞的某種形式開頭【例2】(新06-12--20)

【預(yù)覽選項(xiàng)】

[A]Filealawsuitagainsttheman.

[B]Askthemanforcompensation.

[C]Havetheman’sappletreecutdown.

[D]Throwgarbageintotheman’syard.

【聽前預(yù)測(cè)】選項(xiàng)均為動(dòng)詞原形，故本題應(yīng)該是考查某人的行為活動(dòng)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均是針對(duì)男士的行為，故本題很可能是關(guān)于某人與男士發(fā)生爭(zhēng)吵或沖突時(shí)所采取的應(yīng)對(duì)措施?！纠?】(新06-12--20)【聽音驗(yàn)證】

…

W:GetthebranchesoffmypropertyorI’llhavetosueyou.

M:Yeah?Forwhat?!You’retakingthoselawclassestooseriously!I’vegottago,Ihavetopickupmyson.

…

21.Whatdidthewomanthreatentodo?【聽音驗(yàn)證】【例3】(710分樣卷-19)【預(yù)覽選項(xiàng)】

[A]Tointerviewafewjobapplicants.

[B]Tofillavacancyinthecompany.

[C]Toadvertiseforajuniorsalesmanager.

[D]Toapplyforajobinamajornewspaper.

【聽前預(yù)測(cè)】選項(xiàng)均為不定式短語(yǔ)，故本題應(yīng)該是考查某人將要采取的行動(dòng)。[A]、[C]是關(guān)于招聘工作(interview,advertise)，[B]、[D]則是關(guān)于申請(qǐng)工作(fill,applyfor)，故聽音時(shí)應(yīng)留意該行為是關(guān)于招聘還是應(yīng)聘?！纠?】(710分樣卷-19)【聽音驗(yàn)證】

M:Morning,Brenda.

W:Goodmorning,Mr.Browning.

M:Er,didyou,didyouputthatadinyesterday?

W:Yes,yesterdayafternoon.

M:Theadforajuniorsalesmanager,Imean.

…

19.WhatdidMr.BrowningaskBrendatodo?【聽音驗(yàn)證】3、選項(xiàng)中含有表示意愿或建議的詞如果選項(xiàng)中含有should,hadbetter,wouldlike等一類的詞語(yǔ)，問題很可能是考查“觀點(diǎn)或建議”。

【例4】(新06-12-25)

【預(yù)覽選項(xiàng)】

[A]Accuratecommunicationisofutmostimportance.

[B]Pilotsshouldbeabletospeakseveralforeignlanguages.

[C]Aircontrollersshouldkeepaclosewatchontheweather.

[D]Cooperationbetweenpilotsandaircontrollersisessential.

【聽前預(yù)測(cè)】由選項(xiàng)中的should可推知，本題應(yīng)該是考查某人的觀點(diǎn)或建議。選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容表明問題應(yīng)該與確保安全飛行的因素有關(guān)。3、選項(xiàng)中含有表示意愿或建議的詞【聽音驗(yàn)證】

…

M:Sadlyenough,yestheydid.Itwasareallybadmistake.Manypeoplediedasaresultofthesimplemisunderstanding.

W:Wow,that’sapowerfullessononhowimportantitcanbetoaccuratelycommunicatetoeachother.

…

25.Whatlessoncouldbedrawnfromtheaccident?【聽音驗(yàn)證】4、選項(xiàng)中含有表示評(píng)論或感受的動(dòng)詞如果選項(xiàng)中含有think,like,dislike,enjoy,agree,disagree,mind等一類的詞語(yǔ)，聽力材料或問題很可能是關(guān)于對(duì)某人或某事物的評(píng)價(jià)或感受。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中如均含有表示評(píng)論或感受的詞，則表示問題是關(guān)于對(duì)人或事物的評(píng)價(jià)或感受;如其中只有個(gè)別選項(xiàng)含有表示評(píng)論或感受的詞，則表示聽力材料中很可能涉及到對(duì)人或事物的評(píng)價(jià)或感受，問題內(nèi)容則不一定會(huì)涉及。

【例5】(710分樣卷-21)【預(yù)覽選項(xiàng)】

[A]Notclearlyspecified.

[B]Notlikelytobemet.

[C]Reasonableenough.

[D]Apparentlysexist.

【聽前預(yù)測(cè)】四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中均含有表示評(píng)論的詞語(yǔ)(specified,reasonable等)，故問題很可能是關(guān)于某人對(duì)某事物的看法。4、選項(xiàng)中含有表示評(píng)論或感受的動(dòng)詞【聽音驗(yàn)證】

W:Yes,erm,whatsortofeducationareyouactuallylookingfor?

M:Well,youknow,acoupleofAlevels.MusthaveEnglish,ofcourse.

W:Yes,Ithinkyou’reaskingquitealot.Imeanyou’renotreallypreparedtopayall...

M:No,I’mnotpreparedtogivehimabigsalarytostartwith.Nevertheless,Iwantsomeonewithplentyofambition,plentyofdrive.Youknow,notlookingattheclockallthetime.

W:Wellsir,Iwishyouthebestofluckandhopeyouhavesomeverysuccessfulinterviews.

M:Well,yes?

W:BecausepersonallyIthinkyou’reaskinganawfullot.

21.WhatdoesBrendathinkofthequalificationsMr.Browninginsistson?【聽音驗(yàn)證】5、選項(xiàng)中含有比較結(jié)構(gòu)如果選項(xiàng)中含有形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)，或是其他表示比較的詞語(yǔ)，則聽力材料或問題很可能涉及人或事物之間的異同點(diǎn)或優(yōu)劣的比較。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中如均含有比較級(jí)或表示比較的詞，則表示問題是關(guān)于人或事物之間的比較;如其中只有個(gè)別選項(xiàng)中含有比較級(jí)，則表示聽力材料中很可能涉及到人或事物之間的比較，問題內(nèi)容則不一定會(huì)涉及。

【例6】(710分樣卷-22)

【預(yù)覽選項(xiàng)】

[A]TheircompetitorshavelongbeenadvertisingonTV.

[B]TVcommercialsarelessexpensive.

[C]Advertisinginnewspapersaloneisnotsufficient.

[D]TVcommercialsattractmoreinvestments.【聽前預(yù)測(cè)】由選項(xiàng)中的advertisingonTV，advertisinginnewspapers以及比較級(jí)lessexpensive,attractmore可知本題很可能涉及到電視廣告和報(bào)紙廣告之間優(yōu)劣的比較。故聽音時(shí)應(yīng)留意比較級(jí)或其他陳述二者優(yōu)劣特點(diǎn)的詞句。5、選項(xiàng)中含有比較結(jié)構(gòu)【聽音驗(yàn)證】

W:Marketinghassomeinterestingideasfortelevisioncommercials.

M:TV?Isn'tthatabittooexpensiveforus?What'swrongwithadvertisinginthepapers,asusual?

W:Quitefrankly,it'sjustnotenoughanymore.

……

22.WhydoesthewomansuggestadvertisingonTV?【聽音驗(yàn)證】6、選項(xiàng)均為名詞性短語(yǔ)如選項(xiàng)均為概括性較強(qiáng)的名詞或是名詞性的短語(yǔ)，且各項(xiàng)內(nèi)容差異較大，問題則很可能是關(guān)于對(duì)話所談?wù)摰闹黝}或?qū)υ捴谐霈F(xiàn)的某一事件或問題的主題。

【例7】(710分樣卷-22)【預(yù)覽選項(xiàng)】

[A]ThelatestdevelopmentsofanarmedrebellioninKarnak.

[B]ThefallofKarnak’scapitalcityintothehandsoftherebelforces.

[C]TheepidemicthathasjustbrokenoutinthecountryofKarnak.

[D]ThepeacetalksbetweentherebelsandthegovernmentinKarnak.6、選項(xiàng)均為名詞性短語(yǔ)【聽前預(yù)測(cè)】選項(xiàng)均為名詞短語(yǔ)，且概括性均較強(qiáng)，故本題很可能考查對(duì)話的主旨。由armedrebellion，therebelforces，peacetalksbetweentherebelsandthegovernment等詞以及多次出現(xiàn)的Karnak可推知本對(duì)話很可能與Karnak國(guó)反政府武裝叛亂有關(guān)。

【聽音驗(yàn)證】

W:Wenowinterruptourregularschedulednewsprogramtobringyouliveup-to-datecoverageonthecivilunrestinthenewlyformedcountryofKarnak,whereourmanStanFieldingisstationed.Stan...

M:ThisisStanFieldingreportinglivefromthesuburbsofthecapitalcity.Just20minutesago,rebelforceslaunchedthebiggestoffensiveagainsttherulinggovernmentinthe18-monthconflicthereinthiscountry.

……

22.Whatisthenewscoveragemainlyabout?【聽前預(yù)測(cè)】7、與對(duì)話主題或其余選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容不同的選項(xiàng)往往不是答案如果某一選項(xiàng)明顯與對(duì)話主題不相關(guān)，那么該選項(xiàng)往往不是答案。如果某一選項(xiàng)明顯與其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容不同，即與該題主題明顯不相關(guān)的選項(xiàng)往往不是答案。7、與對(duì)話主題或其余選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容不同的選項(xiàng)往往不是答案【預(yù)覽選項(xiàng)】19.[A]Hepickedupsomeapplesinhisyard.[B]Hecutsomebranchesofftheappletree.[C]Hequarreledwithhisneighboroverthefence.[D]Hecleanedupallthegarbageinthewoman’syard.20.[A]Trimtheappletreesinheryard.[B]Pickuptheapplesthatfellinheryard.[C]Takethegarbagetothecurbforher.[D]Removethebranchesfromheryard.【預(yù)覽選項(xiàng)】21.[A]Filealawsuitagainsttheman.

[B]Askthemanforcompensation.

[C]Havetheman’sappletreecutdown.

[D]Throwgarbageintotheman’syard.22.[A]Hewasreadytomakeaconcession.

[B]Hewasnotpreparedtogotocourt.

[C]Hewasnotintimidated.

[D]Hewasabitconcerned.21.[A]Filealawsuitagainst【聽前預(yù)測(cè)】由各選項(xiàng)中的apple,tree,yard,branches,trim(修剪)等詞可推知對(duì)話主題應(yīng)該與蘋果樹枝條和院子有關(guān)，再根據(jù)選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的quarreled,lawsuit(訴訟),compensation(賠償),concession(讓步),court(法庭)等詞可推知對(duì)話還可能涉及到對(duì)話雙方的爭(zhēng)吵。

19題各選項(xiàng)中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的過去式形式表明本題應(yīng)該是考查男士過去的活動(dòng)。[A]、[B]、[C]均與蘋果樹和院子有關(guān)，只有[C]是關(guān)于fence(柵欄)，與其他三項(xiàng)內(nèi)容差別較大，且與其他各題選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容均不相關(guān)，故[C]為答案的可能性較小?！韭犌邦A(yù)測(cè)】【聽音驗(yàn)證】

W:Hello,Patrick,isthatyou?

M:Yeah,Jane,whatcanIdoforyou?

W:Iwascallingabouttheappletreethatyouweretrimmingyesterday.

M:Thatwashardwork!

……【答案解析】

19.Whatdidthemandoyesterday?

【解析】選[B]。由女士話中的theappletreethatyouweretrimmingyesterday可知男士昨天給蘋果樹剪枝了。trim意為“修剪，修整”?！韭犚趄?yàn)證】8、包含其他選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容的選項(xiàng)往往不是答案有的選項(xiàng)明顯包含其他選項(xiàng)的含義，那么該選項(xiàng)往往不是答案。

【例9】(托福)

【預(yù)覽選項(xiàng)】

[A]Shewasimpressedbyit.

[B]Itwasawasteofmoney.

[C]Shewasamazedithadopenedsosoon.

[D]Shedidn’tlikeitasmuchastheotherwings.【聽前預(yù)測(cè)】由選項(xiàng)中的impressed，awasteofmoney,amazed,like等可推知本題是針對(duì)對(duì)某事物的看法設(shè)題的。選項(xiàng)[A]說“it”給她留下了深刻印象，選項(xiàng)[C]說她對(duì)“it”這么快就開張(或開放)感到吃驚，其含義包含[A]的含義在內(nèi)，故[C]很可能不是答案。8、包含其他選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容的選項(xiàng)往往不是答案【聽音驗(yàn)證】

M:Hey,howwasyourtrip?

W:Wonderful.Ispentmostofmytimeattheartmuseum.Iespeciallylikedthenewwing.Iwasamazedtoheartheguideexplainalltheproblemstheyhadbuildingit.

……【答案解析】

34.Whatdidthewomanthinkofthenewwingofthemuseum?

【解析】選[A]。細(xì)節(jié)題。由對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)的amazed,unusual,impressive等可知女士對(duì)美術(shù)館新側(cè)廳的修建費(fèi)用以及修建過程中的種種問題大感吃驚，并且對(duì)里面的設(shè)計(jì)印象非常深刻，故答案為[A]?！韭犚趄?yàn)證】9、明顯不符常理的選項(xiàng)往往不是答案有的選項(xiàng)明顯不符合該對(duì)話情景下的常識(shí)或常理，那么該選項(xiàng)往往也不是答案。

【例10】(新06-12-25)

【預(yù)覽選項(xiàng)】

[A]Accuratecommunicationisofutmostimportance.

[B]Pilotsshouldbeabletospeakseveralforeignlanguages.

[C]Aircontrollersshouldkeepaclosewatchontheweather.

[D]Cooperationbetweenpilotsandaircontrollersisessential.

【聽前預(yù)測(cè)】由選項(xiàng)中的should可推知，本題應(yīng)該是考查觀點(diǎn)或建議。選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容表明問題應(yīng)該與確保安全飛行的因素有關(guān)。[B]是說飛行員應(yīng)該會(huì)說幾門外語(yǔ)，這不大合乎常理，因?yàn)轱w國(guó)內(nèi)行線的飛行員并不一定要會(huì)好幾門外語(yǔ)，故[B]為答案的可能性較小。9、明顯不符常理的選項(xiàng)往往不是答案【聽音驗(yàn)證】

…

M:Sadlyenough,yestheydid.Itwasareallybadmistake.Manypeoplediedasaresultofthesimplemisunderstanding.

W:Wow,that’sapowerfullessononhowimportantitcanbetoaccuratelycommunicatetoeachother.【答案解析】

25.Whatlessoncouldbedrawnfromtheaccident?

【解析】選[A]。對(duì)話的最后女士總結(jié)了這次事故的教訓(xùn)：howimportantitcanbetoaccuratelycommunicatetoeachother，答案是對(duì)此的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。utmost意為“極大的”?！韭犚趄?yàn)證】10、意思相近的選項(xiàng)往往都不是答案如果有兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)意思明顯相近，那么這兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)往往都不是答案。

【例11】(新06-12-22)

【預(yù)覽選項(xiàng)】

[A]Hewasreadytomakeaconcession.

[B]Hewa