2022年秋季入學(xué)考試題目-企業(yè)管理

2022年秋季入學(xué)考試題目--企業(yè)管理Vocabulary&Structure基本信息：[矩陣文本題]*Fullname：________________________Applicationnumber：________________________1.---It'sagoodidea.Butwho'sgoingto______theplan?

---IthinkTomandGregwill.[單選題]*A.setasideB.carryout(正確答案)C.takeinD.getthrough2.HappilyforJohn'smother,heisworkingharderto_______hislosttime.[單選題]*A.makeupfor(正確答案)B.keepupwithC.catchupwithD.makeuseof3.Ifyouhad_____yourtestpapercarefullybeforehandingitin,youwouldhavemadefewermistakes.[單選題]*A.lookedupB.thoughtaboutC.goneover(正確答案)D.goneround4.Wouldyouslowdownabit,please?Ican't_______you.[單選題]*A.keepupwith(正確答案)B.putupwithC.makeuptoD.holdonto5.You'dbetter______somemoneyforspecialuse.[單選題]*A.pickupB.giveawayC.putoffD.setaside(正確答案)6.Inorderto________withtheadvancedcountries,wemustkeeplearning.[單選題]*A.getalongB.putupC.catchup(正確答案)D.goon7.Wedidn'tplanourartexhibitionlikethatbutit______verywell.[單選題]*A.workedout(正確答案)B.triedoutC.wentonD.carriedon8.I'mplanningtoholdapartyintheopenair,butIcanmakenoguaranteesbecauseit______theweather.[單選題]*A.linkswithB.dependson(正確答案)C.connectstoD.decideson9.---Smokingisbadforyourhealth.

---Yes,Iknow.ButIsimplycan't_____.[單選題]*A.giveitup(正確答案)B.giveitinC.giveitoutD.giveitaway10.Ifyou______anyproblemswhenyouarriveattheairport,givemearing.[單選題]*A.comeupwithB.setaboutC.runinto(正確答案)D.putaside11.Wethoughtofsellingthisoldfurniture,butwe'vedecidedto______it.Itmightbevaluable.[單選題]*A.holdonto(正確答案)B.keepupwithC.turntoD.lookafter12.Hismotherhadthoughtitwouldbegoodforhischaracterto_______fromhomeandearnsomemoneyonhisown.[單選題]*A.runawayB.takeawayC.keepawayD.getaway(正確答案)Math

13.Agrocerystorepurchasedcratesof40orangeseachfor$5.00percrateandthensoldeachorangefor$0.20.Whatwasthestore'sgrossprofitoneachcrateoforanges?[單選題]*A$3.00(正確答案)B$6.00C$8.00D$10.00E$13.0014.TheproductPoftwoprimenumbersisbetween9and55.Ifoneoftheprimenumbersisgreaterthan2butlessthan6andtheotherisgreaterthan13butlessthan25,thenP=[單選題]*A15B33C34D46E51(正確答案)15.Thepriceofacoatinacertainstoreis$500.Ifthepriceofthecoatistobereducedby$150,bywhatpercentisthepricetobereduced?[單選題]*A10%B15%C20%D25%E30%(正確答案)16.Whileafamilywasawayonvacation,theypaidaneighborhoodboy$11perweektomowtheirlawnand$4perdaytofeedandwalktheirdog.Ifthefamilywasawayforexactly3weeks,howmuchdidtheypaytheboyforhisservices?[單選題]*A$45B$54C$71D$95E$117(正確答案)17.TodayRebecca,whois34yearsold,andherdaughter,whois8yearsold,celebratetheirbirthdays.HowmanyyearswillpassbeforeRebecca`sageistwiceherdaughter`sage?[單選題]*A10B14C18(正確答案)D22E2618.If2x+y=7andx+2y=5,then(x+y)/3=[單選題]*A1B4/3(正確答案)C17/5D18/5E419.Whatisthe25thdigittotherightofthedecimalpointinthedecimalformof6/11[單選題]*A.3B.4C.5(正確答案)D.6E.720.150iswhatpercentof30?[單選題]*A.5%B.20%C.50%D.200%E.500%(正確答案)21.Astudent`saverage(arithmeticmean)testscoreon4testsis78.Whatmustbethestudent`sscoreona5thtestforthestudent`saveragescoreonthe5teststobe80?[單選題]*A.80B.82C.84D.86E.88(正確答案)22.

Inthefigureabove,whatistheratioofthemeasureofangleBtothemeasureofangleA?[單選題]*A.2to3B.3to4C.3to5D.4to5(正確答案)E.5to623.Inacertainsequenceof8numbers,eachnumberafterthefirstis1morethanthepreviousnumber.Ifthefirstnumberis-5,howmanyofthenumbersinthesequencearepositive?[單選題]*A.NoneB.OneC.Two(正確答案)D.ThreeE.Four24.

Thegraphoftheequationxy=k,wherek<0,liesinwhichtwoofthequadrantsshownabove?[單選題]*A.IandIIB.IandIIIC.IIandIIID.IIandIV(正確答案)E.IIIandIVCriticalReasoning

25.Neuroscientist:Memoryevolvedtohelpanimalsreactappropriatelytosituationstheyencounterbydrawingonthepastexperienceofsimilarsituations.Butthisdoesnotrequirethatanimalsperfectlyrecalleverydetailofalltheirexperiences.Instead,tofunctionwell,memoryshouldgeneralizefrompastexperiencesthataresimilartothecurrentone.

Theneuroscientist`sstatements,iftrue,moststronglysupportwhichofthefollowingconclusions?[單選題]*A.Atleastsomeanimalsperfectlyrecalleverydetailofatleastsomepastexperiences.B.Perfectlyrecallingeverydetailofalltheirpastexperiencescouldhelpatleastsomeanimalsreactmoreappropriatelythantheyotherwisewouldtonewsituationstheyencounter.C.Generalizingfrompastexperiencesrequiresclearmemoriesofmostifnotallthedetailsofthoseexperiences.D.Recallingeverydetailofallpastexperienceswouldbeincompatiblewithanyabilitytogeneralizefromthoseexperiences.E.Animalscanoftenreactmoreappropriatelythantheyotherwisewouldtosituationstheyencounteriftheydrawongeneralizationsfrompastexperiencesofsimilarsituations.(正確答案)26.Astronomer:Moststarsareborningroupsofthousands,eachstarinagroupformingfromthesameparentcloudofgas.Eachcloudhasaunique,homogeneouschemicalcomposition.Therefore,whenevertwostarshavethesamechemicalcompositionaseachother,theymusthaveoriginatedfromthesamecloudofgas.

Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmoststrengthentheastronomer`sargument?[單選題]*A.Insomegroupsofstars,noteverystaroriginatedfromthesameparentcloudofgas.B.Cloudsofgasofsimilaroridenticalchemicalcompositionmayberemotefromeachother.C.Wheneverastarforms,itinheritsthechemicalcompositionofitsparentcloudofgas.(正確答案)D.Manystarsinvastlydifferentpartsoftheuniversearequitesimilarintheirchemicalcompositions.E.Astronomerscanatleastsometimespreciselydeterminewhetherastarhasthesamechemicalcompositionasitsparentcloudofgas.27.Homeownersaged40to50aremorelikelytopurchaseicecreamandaremorelikelytopurchaseitinlargeramountsthanaremembersofanyotherdemographicgroup.Thepopularbeliefthatteenagerseatmoreicecreamthanadultsmust,therefore,befalse.

Theargumentisflawedprimarilybecausetheauthor[單選題]*A.failstodistinguishbetweenpurchasingandconsuming(正確答案)B.doesnotsupplyinformationabouthomeownersinagegroupsotherthan40to50C.dependsonpopularbeliefratherthanondocumentedresearchfindingsD.doesnotspecifythepreciseamountoficecreampurchasedbyanydemographicgroupE.discussesicecreamratherthanmorenutritiousandhealthfulfoods28.Suncorp,anewcorporationwithlimitedfunds,hasbeenclearinglargesectionsofthetropicalAmazonforestforcattleranching.Thispracticecontinueseventhoughgreaterprofitscanbemadefromrubbertapping,whichdoesnotdestroytheforest,thanfromcattleranching,whichdoesdestroytheforest.

Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mosthelpstoexplainwhySuncorphasbeenpursuingthelessprofitableofthetwoeconomicactivitiesmentionedabove?[單選題]*A.ThesoiloftheAmazonforestisveryrichinnutrientsthatareimportantinthedevelopmentofgrazinglands.B.Cattle-ranchingoperationsthatarelocatedintropicalclimatesaremoreprofitablethancattle-ranchingoperationsthatarelocatedincold-weatherclimates.C.Incertaindistricts,profitsmadefromcattleranchingaremoreheavilytaxedthanprofitsmadefromanyotherindustry.D.SomeofthecattlethatareraisedonlandclearedintheAmazonarekilledbywildcats.E.Theamountofmoneyrequiredtobeginarubber-tappingoperationistwiceashighastheamountneededtobeginacattleranch.(正確答案)29.Acompanyisconsideringchangingitspolicyconcerningdailyworkinghours.Currently,thiscompanyrequiresallemployeestoarriveatworkat8a.m.Theproposedpolicywouldpermiteachemployeetodecidewhentoarrive-fromasearlyas6a.m.toaslateas11a.m.

Theadoptionofthispolicywouldbemostlikelytodecreaseemployees`productivityiftheemployees`jobfunctionsrequiredthemto[單選題]*A.workwithoutinterruptionfromotheremployeesB.consultatleastonceadaywithemployeesfromothercompaniesC.submittheirworkforasupervisor`seventualapprovalD.interactfrequentlywitheachotherthroughouttheentireworkday(正確答案)E.undertakeprojectsthattakeseveraldaystocomplete30.Acomputerequippedwithsignature‐recognitionsoftware,whichrestrictsaccesstoacomputertothosepeoplewhosesignaturesareonfile,identifiesaperson’ssignaturebyanalyzingnotonlytheformofthesignaturebutalsosuchcharacteristicsaspenpressureandsigningspeed.Eventhemostadeptforgerscannotduplicateallofthecharacteristicstheprogramanalyzes.

Whichofthefollowingcanbelogicallyconcludedfromthepassageabove?[單選題]*A.Thetimeittakestorecordandanalyzeasignaturemakesthesoftwareimpracticalforeverydayuse.B.Computersequippedwiththesoftwarewillsoonbeinstalledinmostbanks.C.Nobodycangainaccesstoacomputerequippedwiththesoftwaresolelybyvirtueofskillatforgingsignatures.(正確答案)D.Signature‐recognitionsoftwarehastakenmanyyearstodevelopandperfect.E.Inmanycasesevenauthorizedusersaredeniedlegitimateaccesstocomputersequippedwiththesoftware.31.Sincethemayor'spublicitycampaignforGreenville'sbusservicebegansixmonthsago.morningautomobiletrafficintothemidtownareaofthecityhasdecreasedsevenpercent.Duringthesameperiod,therehasbeenanequivalentriseinthenumberofpersonsridingbusesintothemidtownarea.Obviously,themayor'spublicitycampaignhasconvincedmanypeopletoleavetheircarsathomeandridethebustowork.

Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,caststhemostseriousdoubtontheconclusiondrawnabove?[單選題]*A.FaresforallbusroutesinGreenvillehaverisenanaverageoffivepercentduringthepastsixmonths.B.ThemayorofGreenvilleridesthebustoCityHallinthecity,smidtownarea.C.Roadreconstructionhasgreatlyreducedthenumberoflanesavailabletocommutersinmajorstreetsleadingtothemidtownareaduringthepastsixmonths.(正確答案)D.ThenumberofbusesenteringthemidtownareaofGreenvilleduringthemorninghoursisexactlythesamenowasitwasoneyearago.E.SurveysshowthatlongtimebusridersarenomoresatisfiedwiththeGreenvillebusservicethantheywerebeforethemayor'spublicitycampaignbegan.32.Whichoftheflowingmostlogicallycompletestheargument?

TheattributionofthechoralworkLacrimaetothecomposerPescard(1400–1474)hasbeenregardedastentative,sinceitwasbasedonasingletreatisefromtheearly1500’sthatnamedPescardasthecomposer.Recently,severalmusicaltreatisesfromthelate1500’shavecometolight,allofwhichnamePescardasthecomposerofLacrimae.Unfortunately,thesenewlydiscoveredtreatiseslendnosupporttotheattributionofLacrimaetoPescard,since_______.[單選題]*A.thetreatisefromtheearly1500’smisidentifiesthecomposersofsomeofthemusicalworksitconsidersB.theauthorofthetreatisefromtheearly1500’shadnoverystrongevidenceonwhichtobasetheidentificationofPescardasthecomposerofLacrimaeC.thereareworksthatcanconclusivelybeattributedtoPescardthatarenotevenmentionedinthetreatisefromtheearly1500’sD.thelatertreatisesprobablyhadnosourcefortheirattributionotherthantheearliertreatise(正確答案)E.noknowntreatisesfromthe1600’sidentifyPescardasthecomposerofLacrimae33.Abakeryestimatesitspredictedyearlyexpendituresoningredientswhenallocatingitsannualfoodbudgetbyaddingacorrectionfactoroffivepercenttoitscostsfromthepreviousyear.Thismethodallowsthebakerytoquicklyandsimplyaccountforannualincreasesinthecostofrawingredients.

Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmostcallintoquestiontheeconomicsoundnessofthebakery'smethodforestimatingitsfoodbudget?[單選題]*A.Thebakerymightrepeatedlyaccountfortheuseofacostlyingredientthatitnolongeruses.(正確答案)B.Increasesinthecostofrawmaterialshavenotvariedconsiderablyinthepastdecade.C.Thismethodofbudgetingmightdiscouragethebakeryfromdevelopingnewandinnovativerecipes.D.Thebakerymightallocatetoolittlemoneyforitsotheroperatingexpenses.E.Somebakeryexecutivesdonotbelievethisisthebestpractice.34.ThecityofWorkney,inraisingbusfaresfrom$1.00to$1.25,proposedthat18faretokensbesoldfor$20.00toalleviatetheextraburdenofthefareincreaseonthecity’slow-incomeresidents.Criticssuggestedalternativelythat9faretokensbesoldfor$10.00,becausea$20.00outlaywouldbeprohibitiveforlow-incomeriders.

Thealternativeproposaldependsonwhichofthefollowingassumptions?[單選題]*A.Low-incomeresidentsofWorkneywillcontinuetoridethebusesinthesamenumbersdespitethefareincrease.B.Low-incomeriderswouldbemorelikelytotakeadvantageofthesavingsaffordedbythe9-tokenofferthanwouldotherriders.C.Theoutlayof$10.00forthepurchaseof9faretokenswouldnotbeprohibitiveforlow-incomebusriders.(正確答案)D.Theproposedfareincreaseisneededforthepurchaseofnewbusesforthecity’sbussystem.E.BusesprovidetheonlymeansofpublictransportationinthecityofWorkney.35.Peoplewithacertaineyedisorderarevirtuallyunabletoseeinmoderatelybrightlight,whichseemstothemunbearablyintense,sincethecellsoftheirretinasareoverwhelmedbymoderatelybrightlight.Thesepeopledo,however,shownormalsensitivitytomostcomponentsofdimlight.Theirretinalcellsarealsonotexcessivelysensitivetoredcomponentsofmoderatelybrightlight.

Theinformationabovebestsupportswhichofthefollowinghypothesesaboutpeoplewiththedisorderdescribed,iftheyhavenootherseriousvisualproblems?[單選題]*A.Inallmoderatelydimlightinwhichpeoplewithoutthedisordercanreadlargeprint,peoplewiththedisordercannotreadsuchprint.B.Inanotherwisedarkenedconcerthall,thesepeoplewillseeadimlyilluminatedredexitsignmoreclearlythansmalldimwhitelightsthatmarktheaisles.C.Thesepeopletypicallyseemoreacutelyatnightandindimlightthandomostpeoplewhodonothavethedisorder.D.Eyeglassesthataretransparenttoredcomponentsoflightbutfilteroutothercomponentsoflighthelpthesepeopleseeinmoderatelybrightlight.(正確答案)E.Thesepeopleperceivecolorsotherthanredinthesamewayasdomostpeoplewhodonothavethedisorder.36.Vitacorp,amanufacturer,wishestomakeitsinformationboothatanindustryconventionmoreproductiveintermsofboostingsales.Theboothoffersinformationintroducingthecompany’snewproductsandservices.Toachievethedesiredresult,Vitacorp’smarketingdepartmentwillattempttoattractmorepeopletotheboost.Themarketingdirector’sfirstmeasurewastoinstructeachsalespersontocallhisorherfivebestcustomersandpersonallyinvitethemtovisittheboost.

Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mostseriouslyweakenthepredicationthatthemarketingdirector’sfirstmeasurewillcontributetomeetingthatgoalofboostingsales?[單選題]*A.CustomerswhoparticipatebootharethosenotsatisfiedwithVitacorpproductsandwillusethisopportunitytoexpresstheirunsatisfaction.B.ManyofVitacorp’scompetitorshavemadeplansformakingtheirowninformationboothsmoreproductiveinincreasingsales.C.Aninformationbooththatiswellattendedtendstoattractvisitorswhowouldnototherwisehaveattendedthebooth.(正確答案)D.MostofVitacorp’sbestcustomersalsohavebusinessdealingswithVitacorp’scompetitors.E.Vitacorphasfewernewproductsandservicesavailablethisyearthanithadinpreviousyears.ReadingComprehension

Directions:Thereare5passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

"OneofthereasonIfindthistopicveryinterestingisbecausemymomwasasmokerwhenIwasyounger,"sayLindson-Hawly,whostudiestobaccoandhealthattheUniversityofOxford.

Bystudyingabout700adultsmoker,shefoundoutthathermomquittherightway-bystoppingabruptlyandcompletely.

Inherstudy,participantswererandomlyassignedtotwogroups.Onehadtoquitabruptlyonagivenday,goingfromaboutapackadaytozero.Theothercutdowngraduallyoverthecourseoftwoweeks.Peopleinbothgroupsusednicotinepatchesbeforetheyquit,inadditiontoasecondformofnicotinereplacement,likegumorspray.Theyalsohadtalktherapywithanursebeforeandafterquitday.

Sixmonthsout,morepeoplewhohadquitabruptlyhadstuckwithit-morethanone-fifthofthem,comparedtoaboutone-seventhintheothergroup.Althoughthesenumbersappearlow,itismuchhigherthanifpeopletrywithoutsupport.

Andthequitrateswereparticularlyconvincinggiventhatbeforethestudystarted,mostofthepeoplehadsaidthey'drathercutdowngraduallybeforequitting."Ifyou'retrainingforamarathon,youwouldn'texpecttoturnupandjustbeabletorunit.AndIthinkpeopleseethatforsmokingaswell.Theythink,'Well,ifIgraduallyreduce,it'slikepractice.'"saysLindsons-Hawley.Butthatwasn'tthecase.Insteadofgivingpeoplepractice,thegradualreductionlikelygavethemcravingsandwithdrawalsymptomsbeforetheyevenreachedquitday,whichcouldbewhyfewerpeopleinthatgroupactuallymadeittothatpoint."Regardlessofyourstatedpreference,ifyou'rereadytoquit,quittingabruptlyismoreeffective,”saysDr.GabrieiaFerreira,"Whenyoucanquoteaspecificnumberlikeafifthofthepatientswereabletoquit,that'scompelling.Itgivesthemtheencouragement,Ithink,toreallygoforit,”Ferreirasays.

Peoplerarelymanagetoquitthefirsttimetheytry.Butatleast,shesays,theycanmaximizetheoddsofsuccess.

37.WhatdoesLindson-Hawleysayabouthermother?[單選題]*A.Shequitsmokingwithherdaughter'shelp.B.Shesucceededinquittingsmokingabruptly.(正確答案)C.Shewasalsoaresearcheroftobaccoandhealth.D.Shestudiedthesmokingpatternsofadultsmokers.ReadingComprehension

Directions:Thereare5passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

"OneofthereasonIfindthistopicveryinterestingisbecausemymomwasasmokerwhenIwasyounger,"sayLindson-Hawly,whostudiestobaccoandhealthattheUniversityofOxford.

Bystudyingabout700adultsmoker,shefoundoutthathermomquittherightway-bystoppingabruptlyandcompletely.

Inherstudy,participantswererandomlyassignedtotwogroups.Onehadtoquitabruptlyonagivenday,goingfromaboutapackadaytozero.Theothercutdowngraduallyoverthecourseoftwoweeks.Peopleinbothgroupsusednicotinepatchesbeforetheyquit,inadditiontoasecondformofnicotinereplacement,likegumorspray.Theyalsohadtalktherapywithanursebeforeandafterquitday.

Sixmonthsout,morepeoplewhohadquitabruptlyhadstuckwithit-morethanone-fifthofthem,comparedtoaboutone-seventhintheothergroup.Althoughthesenumbersappearlow,itismuchhigherthanifpeopletrywithoutsupport.

Andthequitrateswereparticularlyconvincinggiventhatbeforethestudystarted,mostofthepeoplehadsaidthey'drathercutdowngraduallybeforequitting."Ifyou'retrainingforamarathon,youwouldn'texpecttoturnupandjustbeabletorunit.AndIthinkpeopleseethatforsmokingaswell.Theythink,'Well,ifIgraduallyreduce,it'slikepractice.'"saysLindsons-Hawley.Butthatwasn'tthecase.Insteadofgivingpeoplepractice,thegradualreductionlikelygavethemcravingsandwithdrawalsymptomsbeforetheyevenreachedquitday,whichcouldbewhyfewerpeopleinthatgroupactuallymadeittothatpoint."Regardlessofyourstatedpreference,ifyou'rereadytoquit,quittingabruptlyismoreeffective,”saysDr.GabrieiaFerreira,"Whenyoucanquoteaspecificnumberlikeafifthofthepatientswereabletoquit,that'scompelling.Itgivesthemtheencouragement,Ithink,toreallygoforit,”Ferreirasays.

Peoplerarelymanagetoquitthefirsttimetheytry.Butatleast,shesays,theycanmaximizetheoddsofsuccess.

38.WhatkindofsupportdidsmokersreceivetoquitsmokinginLindson-Hawley'sstudy?[單選題]*A.Theyweregivenphysicaltraining.B.Theywerelookedafterbyphysicians.C.Theywereencouragedbypsychologists.D.Theywereofferednicotinereplacements.(正確答案)ReadingComprehension

Directions:Thereare5passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

"OneofthereasonIfindthistopicveryinterestingisbecausemymomwasasmokerwhenIwasyounger,"sayLindson-Hawly,whostudiestobaccoandhealthattheUniversityofOxford.

Bystudyingabout700adultsmoker,shefoundoutthathermomquittherightway-bystoppingabruptlyandcompletely.

Inherstudy,participantswererandomlyassignedtotwogroups.Onehadtoquitabruptlyonagivenday,goingfromaboutapackadaytozero.Theothercutdowngraduallyoverthecourseoftwoweeks.Peopleinbothgroupsusednicotinepatchesbeforetheyquit,inadditiontoasecondformofnicotinereplacement,likegumorspray.Theyalsohadtalktherapywithanursebeforeandafterquitday.

Sixmonthsout,morepeoplewhohadquitabruptlyhadstuckwithit-morethanone-fifthofthem,comparedtoaboutone-seventhintheothergroup.Althoughthesenumbersappearlow,itismuchhigherthanifpeopletrywithoutsupport.

Andthequitrateswereparticularlyconvincinggiventhatbeforethestudystarted,mostofthepeoplehadsaidthey'drathercutdowngraduallybeforequitting."Ifyou'retrainingforamarathon,youwouldn'texpecttoturnupandjustbeabletorunit.AndIthinkpeopleseethatforsmokingaswell.Theythink,'Well,ifIgraduallyreduce,it'slikepractice.'"saysLindsons-Hawley.Butthatwasn'tthecase.Insteadofgivingpeoplepractice,thegradualreductionlikelygavethemcravingsandwithdrawalsymptomsbeforetheyevenreachedquitday,whichcouldbewhyfewerpeopleinthatgroupactuallymadeittothatpoint."Regardlessofyourstatedpreference,ifyou'rereadytoquit,quittingabruptlyismoreeffective,”saysDr.GabrieiaFerreira,"Whenyoucanquoteaspecificnumberlikeafifthofthepatientswereabletoquit,that'scompelling.Itgivesthemtheencouragement,Ithink,toreallygoforit,”Ferreirasays.

Peoplerarelymanagetoquitthefirsttimetheytry.Butatleast,shesays,theycanmaximizetheoddsofsuccess.

39.HowdoesDr.GabrielaFerreiraviewtheresultofLindson-Hawley'sexperiment?[單選題]*A.Itisidealized.B.Itisunexpected.C.Itisencouraging.(正確答案)D.Itismisleading.ReadingComprehension

Directions:Thereare5passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

"OneofthereasonIfindthistopicveryinterestingisbecausemymomwasasmokerwhenIwasyounger,"sayLindson-Hawly,whostudiestobaccoandhealthattheUniversityofOxford.

Bystudyingabout700adultsmoker,shefoundoutthathermomquittherightway-bystoppingabruptlyandcompletely.

Inherstudy,participantswererandomlyassignedtotwogroups.Onehadtoquitabruptlyonagivenday,goingfromaboutapackadaytozero.Theothercutdowngraduallyoverthecourseoftwoweeks.Peopleinbothgroupsusednicotinepatchesbeforetheyquit,inadditiontoasecondformofnicotinereplacement,likegumorspray.Theyalsohadtalktherapywithanursebeforeandafterquitday.

Sixmonthsout,morepeoplewhohadquitabruptlyhadstuckwithit-morethanone-fifthofthem,comparedtoaboutone-seventhintheothergroup.Althoughthesenumbersappearlow,itismuchhigherthanifpeopletrywithoutsupport.

Andthequitrateswereparticularlyconvincinggiventhatbeforethestudystarted,mostofthepeoplehadsaidthey'drathercutdowngraduallybeforequitting."Ifyou'retrainingforamarathon,youwouldn'texpecttoturnupandjustbeabletorunit.AndIthinkpeopleseethatforsmokingaswell.Theythink,'Well,ifIgraduallyreduce,it'slikepractice.'"saysLindsons-Hawley.Butthatwasn'tthecase.Insteadofgivingpeoplepractice,thegradualreductionlikelygavethemcravingsandwithdrawalsymptomsbeforetheyevenreachedquitday,whichcouldbewhyfewerpeopleinthatgroupactuallymadeittothatpoint."Regardlessofyourstatedpreference,ifyou'rereadytoquit,quittingabruptlyismoreeffective,”saysDr.GabrieiaFerreira,"Whenyoucanquoteaspecificnumberlikeafifthofthepatientswereabletoquit,that'scompelling.Itgivesthemtheencouragement,Ithink,toreallygoforit,”Ferreirasays.

Peoplerarelymanagetoquitthefirsttimetheytry.Butatleast,shesays,theycanmaximizetheoddsofsuccess.

40.Theideaof"amarathon"(Line2,Para.5)illustratesthepopularbeliefthatquittingsmoking_____.[單選題]*A.issomethingfewcanaccomplishB.needssomepracticefirst(正確答案)C.requiresalotofpatienceD.isachallengeatthebeginningReadingComprehension

Directions:Thereare5passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroug