考研考博-英語-廣西農(nóng)業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣西農(nóng)業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

AlltheplanetsinthesolarsystemexceptMercuryandVenushavenaturalsatellites,（）objectsthatrevolvearoundtheplanets.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.which

B.ofwhich

C.whichare

D.andwhich

【答案】C

【解析】考查非限制性定語從句。后面的從句中缺少主謂，故C項(xiàng)符合題意。句意：太陽系中除水星和金星外的所有行星都有天然衛(wèi)星，它們是那些圍繞行星旋轉(zhuǎn)的物體。

2.單選題

Thepoisonproducedbythespider'sskinisso（）thatitwillparalyzeabirdoramonkeyimmediately.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.lethal

B.liable

C.tedious

D.profound

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞的辨析題。lethal"致死的,致命的";liable"有責(zé)任的,有義務(wù)的";tedious"乏味的,單調(diào)的";profound"知識淵博的。句意：蜘蛛皮膚產(chǎn)生的毒液是致命的，它會立即使一只鳥或一只猴子癱瘓。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

3.單選題

Theemployerwasvery______aboutthehealthofheremployeesasreplacementsweredifficulttoget.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.splenetic

B.dogmatic

C.solicitous

D.obstinate

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)splenetic表示“壞心眼的，容易發(fā)怒的”，B項(xiàng)dogmatic表示“教條的，武斷的”，C項(xiàng)solicitous表示“熱切期望的，熱心的”，D項(xiàng)obstinate表示“頑固的，倔強(qiáng)的”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息asreplacementsweredifficulttoget（因?yàn)樘娲膯T工很難找到）可知，______aboutthehealthofheremployees表示“關(guān)心員工的健康”，besolicitousabout表示“掛念，關(guān)心”。句意：這位雇主非常關(guān)心她的雇員的健康，因?yàn)楹茈y找到替代的員工。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Whiletyping,Kathyhadahabitofstopping（）ogiveherlongandflowinghairasmooth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.promptly

B.simultaneously

C.eventually

D.occasionally

【答案】D

【解析】副詞辨析。句意：在打字的時候，凱西停下來梳理一下她柔順的長發(fā)的習(xí)慣。promptly敏捷地，迅速地；simultaneously同時地；eventually最終，最后；occasionally偶爾。因此，D項(xiàng)符合句意。

5.單選題

Manypeopleare（）toinsectbites,andsomeevenhavetogotohospital.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.insensitive

B.allergic

C.infectious

D.alert

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)insensitive“感覺遲鈍的”；B選項(xiàng)allergic“對……過敏的”；C選項(xiàng)infectious“傳染的；傳染性的”；D選項(xiàng)alert“警惕的；留心的”。句意：很多人對蟲子叮咬過敏，且有些人甚至不得不去醫(yī)院。結(jié)合此處句意，B選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Mrs.Deborahcouldnothelpexclaimingagainstthe（）ofhermaster,andespeciallyagainsthissufferinghertoconcealthefatherofthechild.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bias

B.clemency

C.mildness

D.justice

【答案】B

【解析】句意:Deborah夫人忍不住指責(zé)丈夫的寬容，特別是允許她對孩子父親隱瞞的做法。

考查名詞辨析。bias偏見，偏愛；clemency仁慈，溫和，寬容，寬厚；mildness溫和,溫暖;justice司法，法律制裁，正義，法官。根據(jù)后半句句意可知B符合句意。

7.單選題

Aloneinadesertedhouse,hewassobusywithhisresearchworkthathefelt（）butlonely.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.nothing

B.anything

C.all

D.everything

【答案】B

【解析】不定代詞的用法。nothingbut只有，只不過；anythingbut根本不，絕不；allbut幾乎，差一點(diǎn)兒；沒有everythingbut的用法，排除。句意：他獨(dú)自一個人在一所廢棄的房子里，忙于研究工作，一點(diǎn)兒也不感到孤獨(dú)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

8.單選題

ViolenceinAmericanfamiliestakesmanyforms.Oneprevalentformthatweoftenoverlookisthephysicalpunishmentofchildren.Perhaps93%ofallparentsbeattheirchildreninordertodisciplinethem.Youngchildrenreceivethemostpunishments,butstudiesrevealthatabout50%ofhighschoolseniorsreportexperiencingorbeingthreatenedwithphysicalpunishment.Punishmentofchildrenvariesformalighttaptobrutalbeating,buthistoricallywehavegrantedparentstherighttousephysicalforceagainsttheirchildren.Alawpassedin1696,forexample.Calledforthedeathpenaltyof“sufficientunderstanding”overtheageof16whocursedorstruckaparentwhowas“stubbornandrebellious”inrefusingtoobeyaparent.Frominterviewswith2134marriedcouplesconstitutingacross-sectionofAmericanfamilies,sociologistsestimateparentskick,punch,orbitesome1.7millionchildrenayear,beat460,000to750,000more,andattack46,000withgunsorknives.

Physicalpunishmentofchildrenthatresultsininjuriesrequiringmedicaltreatmentisnowgenerallyconsideredtobeabusive.Mostpeopledonotrealize,however,thatitistheregularuseof“ordinary”physicalpunishment,andtheculturalapprovalitenjoys,thatlaysthegroundworkforchildabuse.AccordingtoDavidGil,“inmostaccidentsofchildabusethecaretakersinvolvedare‘normal’individualsexercisingtheirrightofdiscipliningachildwhosebehaviortheyfoundinneedofcorrection.”Ifoneadultweretostrikeanother,mostpeoplewouldregardsuchbehaviorasabusive.

Mostparentsusephysicalpunishmentinthebeliefthatitwillcontroltheaggressionintheirchildrenandmakethemobedient.Infact,violence—whetherverbalorphysical—setschildrenapoorexample.Anadultwhoyellsatorslapsachildunwittinglysupplythechildwithamodelforaggression.Studieshavefoundthatthefrequentuseofphysicalpunishmentforaggressiveactsbyachildresultsinamarkedincreaseinthechild’saggression.Perhapsnotsurprisingly,abusiveparentsarethemselveslikelytohavebeenabusedwhentheywerechildren.Thepatternofabuseisunwittinglytranslatedfromparenttochildandthusfromgenerationtogeneration.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrueaccordingtothepassage?

2.Theitalicizedword“it”inlineofthesecondparagraphrefersto（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredfromthepassage?

4.Thenumberofthechildrenbeingthreatenedbybeatingis（）.

5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardphysicalpunishmentbyparents?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.PunishmentwasoncejustifiedinAmericanlaw

B.MostoftheparentshaveusedphysicalpunishmenttodisciplinedisobedientchildreninAmerica.

C.Highschoolstudentsrarelyreceivepunishmentfromtheirparents

D.ChildabuseisrootedinAmericanculture.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.physicalpunishment

B.theculturalapproval

C.theregularuseof“ordinary”physicalpunishment

D.injuriesrequiringmedicaltreatment

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Physicalpunishmentishelpfulforparentstocorrectchildren'sindecentbehavior

B.Parentswhousephysicalpunishmenttodisciplinetheirchildrenshouldbepunishedbythelaw.

C.Achildwhoisseverelypunishedwillrevengetheabuseonhisownchildinlaterlife.

D.Parentswhopunishchildrenphysicallyactuallysetbadexampleofaggressionfortheirchildren.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.atleast2,143peryear.

B.atmost750,000peryear.

C.over46,000peryear

D.about17,000,000peryear

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.disagreeing

B.supporting

C.understanding

D.severelycritical

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段“...butstudiesrevealthatabout50%ofhighschoolseniorsreportexperiencingorbeingthreatenedwithphysicalpunishment.”可知，研究表明，大約50%的高中生聲稱遭受體罰或者受到體罰的威脅。因此，C項(xiàng)“髙中生很少遭受父母的體罰”表述錯誤，其它選項(xiàng)都可在原文中找到出處。故本題答案為C項(xiàng)。

2.詞匯題。將it定位到原文第二段Mostpeopledonotrealize,however,thatitistheregularuseof“ordinary”physicalpunishment,andtheculturalapprovalitenjoys,thatlaysthegroundworkforchildabuse.中分析可知，然而大部分人沒有意識到，正是因?yàn)椤捌胀ā斌w罰的經(jīng)常使用以及它所享有的文化認(rèn)可，才會為虐待孩子打下基礎(chǔ)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，it指代的是theregularuseof“ordinary”physicalpunishment。因此，正確答案是C項(xiàng)。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Mostparentsusephysicalpunishmentinthebeliefthatitwillcontroltheaggressionintheirchildrenandmakethemobedient.Infact,violencewhetherverbalorphysical—setschildrenapoorexample.Anadultwhoyellsatorslapsachildunwittinglysupplythechildwithamodelforaggression.Studieshavefoundthatthefrequentuseofphysicalpunishmentforaggressiveactsbyachildresultsinamarkedincreaseinthechild’saggression.”可知，大多數(shù)父母采取體罰，是認(rèn)為體罰會控制孩子的攻擊行為并使孩子聽話，但事實(shí)上，無論是言語還是肢體暴力，都會給孩子建立不好的榜樣。那些大喊大叫或者打孩子的成年人會不自覺地為孩子提供侵略性（攻擊性）的模板。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，經(jīng)常因?yàn)楹⒆拥墓粜孕袨槎w罰孩子，反而會激化孩子的攻擊行為。因此可判斷A項(xiàng)錯誤，D項(xiàng)正確。原文中并未體現(xiàn)B項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該受到法律懲罰”這一觀點(diǎn)；也未說明受過虐待的父母會在晚年會報(bào)復(fù)虐待自己的孩子，他們只是會不自覺地影響到下一代的教育方式，故排除C。因此，本題正確答案為D項(xiàng)。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由原文第—段“Frominterviewswith2134marriedcouples...beat460,000to750,000more,...”可知，受到毆打威脅的孩子數(shù)量是在460,000到750,000以上。因此，B項(xiàng)“至多每年750,000”與原文不符，正確答案應(yīng)為C項(xiàng)“每年超過46,000”。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。本文主要講述了父母體罰孩子的普遍性。如今體罰已被視為虐待。體罰不僅給孩子樹立了壞榜樣，而且會加劇孩子的攻擊性。在兒童時期被體罰虐待的父母在教育下一代時也很可能會虐待孩子。由此可知，整篇文章對于體罰持否定態(tài)度，排除B和C。而從文章整體來看，作者對于體罰的態(tài)度不僅是不認(rèn)同更具有批判性。因此，D項(xiàng)“嚴(yán)厲地批判”更為符合作者的態(tài)度。

9.翻譯題

Peoplecannotliveapartfromnature;thatisthefirstprincipleoftheconservationists.Andyet,peoplecannotliveinnaturewithoutchangingit.Butthisistrueofallcreatures;theydependuponnature,andtheychangeit.Whatwecallnatureis,inasense,thesumofthechangesmadebyallthevariouscreaturesandnaturalforcesintheirintricateactionsandinfluencesuponeachotherandupontheirplaces.Becauseofthewoodpeckers,natureisdifferentfromwhatitwouldbewithoutthem.Itisdifferentalsobecauseoftheborersandantsthatliveintreetrunks,andbecauseofthebacteriathatliveinthesoilunderthetree.Themakingofthesedifferencesisthemakingoftheworld.

Someofthechangesmadebywildcreatureswewouldcallbeneficent.Beaversarefamousformakingpondsthatturnintofertilemeadows;treesandprairiegrassesbuildsoil.Butsometimes,too,wewouldcallnaturalchangesdestructive.Accordingtoearlywitnesses,forinstance,largeareasaroundKentuckysaltlickswereseverelytrampedanderodedbythegreatherdsofhoofedanimalsthatgatheredthere.Thebuffalo“streets”throughhillycountryweresohollowedoutbyhoofwearanderosionthattheyremainvisiblealmosttwocenturiesafterthedisappearanceofthebuffalo.Andsoitcanhardlybeexpectedthathumanswouldnotchangenature.Humans,likeallothercreatures,mustmakeadifference;otherwisetheycannotlive.Butunlikeothercreatures,theymustmakeachoiceastothekindandofthedifferencetheymake.Iftheychoosetomaketoosmalladifferencetheydiminishtheirhumanity.Iftheychoosetomaketoogreatadifferencetheydiminishnature,andnarrowtheirsubsequentchoices;ultimately,theydiminishordestroythemselves.Nature,then,isnotonlyoursourcebutalsoourlimitandmeasure.

【答案】參考譯文：

人類的生存離不開大自然，這是生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)者的第一原則。然而，人類不可能在大自然中生存而不改變它。不過，這對所有生物來說都是如此，它們依賴自然且改變它。在某種意義上，我們把大自然稱為各種各樣的生物和大自然力量在自己復(fù)雜的活動、相互影響以及對生活環(huán)境的影響中引起的變化的全部。因?yàn)樽哪绝B的存在，所以大自然不同于沒有啄木鳥的大自然會呈現(xiàn)的樣子。大自然也因?yàn)樯钣跇涓傻你@蛀蟲和螞蟻，以及生活在樹下泥土中的細(xì)菌而不同。這些差異的形成就是世界的形成。

我們會把野生生物引起的一些變化稱為是有益的：海貍因?yàn)榘殉靥磷兂煞饰植莸囟雒?，樹木和牧場草地?gòu)建了土壤。不過，我們有時會把大自然的變化稱為有害的。例如，據(jù)早期目擊者稱，肯塔基州鹽堿地周圍大部分區(qū)域被聚集在那里的成群的有蹄類動物嚴(yán)重踐踏和損壞。穿過丘陵地帶的水?！敖值馈北粐?yán)重磨損和侵蝕，以至于它們（即水?！敖值馈保┰谒ＯШ蟛畈欢鄡蓚€世紀(jì)仍然看得見。因此，期望人類不會改變大自然幾乎是不可能的。與所有其它生物一樣，人類必須對大自然產(chǎn)生影響；否則他們就不能生存。不過，與其它生物不一樣的是人類必須對于自己產(chǎn)生的影響的種類和規(guī)模做出選擇。如果人類選擇產(chǎn)生一個太小的影響，那么他們就會使自身數(shù)量減少。如果人類選擇產(chǎn)生一個太大的影響，那么他們就會使大自然變小，從而使自己的選擇范圍縮小；最后他們會使自身數(shù)量減少或毀掉自身。因此，大自然不僅是我們?nèi)祟惿娴馁Y源，并且還是我們?nèi)祟惿娴慕缦藓蜆?biāo)桿。

10.單選題

6.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itwillrainsoon.

B.It’srighttobeproposed.

C.Sheisworriedabouttheweather.

D.Tobesafe,they'dbetterstayathome.

【答案】B

【解析】M:Idon’tthinkyouneedtotakeanumbrella.

W:Itmightrain,bettersafethansorry.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】常用習(xí)語。女士說：bettersafethansorry，這是一句諺語，意思是“謹(jǐn)言慎行不吃虧，輕率莽撞必后悔”。

11.單選題

TheForbiddenCityistheformerimperialpalaceinthecenterofBeijing,China.A.Constructionbeganin1406,andtheemperor’scourtofficiallymovedinby1420.TheForbiddenCitygotitsnamebecausemostpeoplewerebarredfromenteringthe72-hectaresite,surroundedbywalls.Evengovernmentofficialsandtheimperialfamilywerepermittedonlylimitedaccess.Onlytheemperorcouldenteranysectionatwill.

ThearchitectureoftheForbiddenCityconformsrigidlytotraditionalChineseprinciples.Allbuildingswithinthewallsfollowanorth-southline,andthemostimportantonesfacesouthtohonorthesun.Thedesignersarrangedtheotherbuildings,andtheceremonialspacesbetweenthem,toimpressallvisitorswiththegreatpoweroftheEmperor,whilereinforcingtheinsignificanceoftheindividual.Thisarchitecturalconceptwascarriedouttothesmallestdetail.Forexample,theimportanceofabuildingwasdeterminednotonlybyitsheightorwidthbutalsobythestyleofitsroofandthequantityofstatuettesplacedontheroof’sridges.

Inrecognitionoftheimportanceofitsunparalleledarchitecture,UNESCOaddedthepalacetoitsWorldHeritageListin1987.Today,visitorsfromallovertheworlddonotwaitforanimperialinvitationtowalkaboutthispalace,nowamuseumofimperialart.

OneofthemostimpressivelandmarksoftheForbiddenCityistheMeridianGate,theformalentrancetothesouthernsideoftheForbiddenCity.Thegate,withitsauxiliarywingsoneithersideoftheentryway,is38metershighatitsroofridge.Whenyoustandinfrontofthismajesticstructure,youunderstandhowawedpeoplefeltwhentheystoodtherelisteningtoimperialproclamations.

Asyouwalkthroughthegate,youcomeintoalargecourtyard,140meterslongand210meterswide.RunningthroughthecourtyardistheGoldenRiver,whichiscrossedbyfiveparallelwhitemarblebridges.ThesebridgesleadtotheGateofSupremeHarmony,which,inturn,leadstotheheartoftheForbiddenCity.Itsthreemainhallsstandatopathree-tieredmarbleterraceoverlookinganimmenseplaza.A.Theplazahasenoughspacetoholdtensofthousandsofsubjectspayinghomagetotheemperor.

AtthenorthernmostendoftheForbiddenCityistheImperialGarden,whichistotallydifferentfromtherestofthecompound.D.Insteadofrigidformality,youseeaseemingspontaneousarrangementoftrees,fishponds,flowerbeds,andsculpture.Hereistheplaceofrelaxationfortheemperor.

1.Fromthepassage,itcanbeinferredthat.

2.Fromthepassage,itisimpliedthatthemainentranceareatotheForbiddenCityis.

3.Whichphraseisclosestinmeaningtotheword“proclamations”inparagraph4?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatdothebridgesovertheGoldenRiverleadto?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Chinesearchitectsborrowedideasfrommanydifferentcountries

B.thedesignoftheForbiddenCityisdullandcolorless

C.thearchitectureoftheForbiddenCityexemplifiestraditionalChinesevalues

D.thegardenoftheForbiddenCitywaslaidoutinastrict,rectangularpattern

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.surroundedbythreetallwalls

B.paintedgoldandgreen

C.decoratedwithstatuettes

D.notveryimpressive

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Musiccomposedforpublicceremonies

B.Speechesencouragingsoldierstofight

C.Officialpublicannouncements

D.Poetrywrittenfortheemperor

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.TheMeridiangate

B.TheGateofSupremeHarmony

C.ThecenterofBeijing

D.TheImperialGardens

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段第一句話提到紫禁城的建筑嚴(yán)格遵循中國的傳統(tǒng)原則（ThearchitectureoftheForbiddenCityconformsrigidlytotraditionalChineseprinciples），由此可知選項(xiàng)C“紫禁城的建筑體現(xiàn)了中國傳統(tǒng)的價值觀”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第一段第三句話提到紫禁城得名于大多數(shù)人被禁止進(jìn)入這個區(qū)域，周圍有圍墻（TheForbiddenCitygotitsnamebecausemostpeoplewerebarredfromenteringthe72-hectaresite,surroundedbywalls），由此可知進(jìn)入紫禁城的入口是被高墻圍住，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。文章第四段最后一句話提到當(dāng)你站在這座雄偉的建筑前，你就能理解人們站在那里聆聽帝王宣言的敬畏之情（Whenyoustandinfrontofthismajesticstructure,youunderstandhowawedpeoplefeltwhentheystoodtherelisteningtoimperialproclamations），由此可知選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第五段第三句ThesebridgesleadtotheGateofSupremeHarmony可知選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

12.單選題

Nobodylikestaxes.

Nowthat’safairlysafestatementtomake.IknowIdon’t.OneofthereasonsImovedbacktotheUSfromCanada,isthatAmericanspayfarfewertaxesthanCanadiansdo.Infact,itseemstobepartoftheAmericandreamtoavoidpayinganytaxes.Wedon’twanttopaythemontheInternet.Manystatesdon’twanttheircitizenstopaystatetaxes.Andahugefederalincometaxcutwasjustpushedthrough.

Andnodoubttherearestillpeoplewhothinkwepaytoomanytaxes.ButthepeopleofBraintree,Massachusetts,mightbethinkingdifferently.Braintreehasaproblem.NotonceinthepasttwodecadesdidthetownpassresolutionsthatignoredProposition2.5—thelawthatsaysthetowngovernmentcannotraiseeachyear’staxlevymorethan2.5percentabovethepreviousyear’scharges.Nordidtheyfloatanybondstopayfordebt.Braintreeisalsoafairlybustlingcommercialtown.WhichmeanthatresidenttaxrateswereamongthelowestintheBostonarea.

Butthere’soneproblem.Braintreeis,well,fallingapart.Especiallyitsschools.Whileeverybodywaspattinghimselforherselfonthebackforkeepingtaxesdown,school,roads,bridgesandthelikeweregrowingolderandweren’treceivingtheattentiontheyneeded.Buteveniftheydidgettheattention,notmuchcouldbedonebecausetherewasn’tenoughmoneyinthetown’skittytopayforneededrepair.Butasmymotherwouldsay,onecanonlyignoretheelephantinthelivingroomforsolong.Andnowit’stimetopayup.Theschooldepartmentwants$100milliontofixtheschools.Millionsmorewillbeneededforroadrepairsandfixingthetown’sworseningwaterandsewerlines.

Boy,ohboy,peoplearegoingtohaveSOMEkindoftaxbillinBraintreethisyear.Andprobablyforthenextfewyearsaswell.Anddon’tforget,thissituationaffectsmorethanjustthetown’sinfrastructure.Realestatepriceswillsufferaswell.Whowantstomovetoatownwithfallingschools,badroads,andquestionablewater?

Thereisalessoninallthis—notpayingenoughtaxisjustasbadaspayingtoomuchtax.TherearesomepeopleintheUSwhopointoutthatalltaxmoneyshouldbegivenbacktoindividuals,notthevariousbranchesofgovernment.It’sourmoney,theycry.Inoneway,agreewiththem,itisourmoney.Butthefacttheyconvenientlyforget—orignore—isthatthemoneythegovernmentkeepsis“our”moneyaswell.That’sbecauseitpaysforOURschools,OURroads,OURmilitary,OURcommunitiesinneedofhelpaftereventslikefloodsorotherdisasters.

1.InwhatwaymightpeopleofBraintreethinkdifferentaboutpayingtaxes?

2.WhatmakestheauthorcometotheconclusionthatpeopleinBraintreepaythelowesttaxratesintheBostonareaisthefactthat________.

3.WhatistheallegedproblemthatfacesBraintreeatpresent?

4.Whentheauthorquotesfromhismotherthat“onecanonlyignoretheelephantinthelivingroomforsolong”(thefourthparagraph),hemeansthat________.

5.Withregardtopayingtaxes,theauthorisactuallysayingthat________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theythinkthegovernment’staxcutplanisimpracticable.

B.Theythinktheyhavebeenpayingtoomanytaxes.

C.Theythinkthetowngovernmentmisusethetaxestheyhavepaid.

D.Theythinkpayingenoughtaxesisnecessarytokeepingthingsgoing.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thetownhasneverchangeditstaxationlawinthelast20years

B.thetownhasbeenafast-developingone

C.thetownhasneverfloatedbondstopayitsdebtinthelast20years

D.manymoreschools,roadsandthelikehavebeenbuiltrecently

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Nooneiswillingtopayanytaxes.

B.Notenoughattentionispaidtoeducations.

C.Thetownnothaveenoughmoneytoexpanditsinfrastructure.

D.Thetowndoesnotcollectenoughtaxestokeepitselfingoodshape.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.onehastotastethebitterresultifheisblindtoaproblem

B.keepingeverythingingoodorderistooheavyaburdenforasmalltown

C.oneshouldneverkeepanelephantinhislivingroomforlong

D.smalltownshouldnotlevytooheavyataxagainstpeople’swill

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.payingenoughtaxesisthecitizen’sobligation

B.hedoesnotliketaxesandwouldavoidthemifhecould

C.thegovernmentshouldnotabusethetaxes

D.thegovernmentshouldnotlevytooheavyatax

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一、二句Andnodoubttherearestillpeoplewhothinkwepaytoomanytaxes.ButthepeopleofBraintree,Massachusetts,mightbethinkingdifferently.（毫無疑問，仍然有人認(rèn)為我們納稅太多。但是馬薩諸塞州布倫特里人可能想法不同。）和第四段第一、二句Butthere’soneproblem.Braintreeis,well,fallingapart.（但有一個問題。布倫特里正在分崩離析。），可知布倫特里人不認(rèn)為他們納稅過多，相反因?yàn)榧{稅過少導(dǎo)致問題出現(xiàn)，D選項(xiàng)“他們認(rèn)為付足夠的稅是維持生活的必要條件”正確；B選項(xiàng)“他們認(rèn)為他們已經(jīng)納稅太多”不符合文章內(nèi)容，屬于反向干擾。A選項(xiàng)“他們認(rèn)為政府的減稅計(jì)劃行不通”和C選項(xiàng)“他們認(rèn)為市政府濫用他們繳納的稅款”：文中沒有提到政府減稅和政府濫用稅款，屬于無中生有。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第三句Nordidtheyfloatanybondstopayfordebt.（他們也沒有發(fā)行任何債券來償還債務(wù)。），可知C選項(xiàng)“在過去的20年里，這個城鎮(zhèn)從未發(fā)行過債券來償還債務(wù)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“在過去的20年里，這個城鎮(zhèn)從未改變過稅法”：根據(jù)第三段第四句NotonceinthepasttwodecadesdidthetownpassresolutionsthatignoredProposition2.5（在過去的20年里，該鎮(zhèn)從未通過無視2.5號提案的決議），沒有提到關(guān)于納稅的所有法規(guī)都沒有通過，只是關(guān)于其中一項(xiàng)沒有改變，屬于曲解原文。B選項(xiàng)“這個城鎮(zhèn)發(fā)展很快”：根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句Braintreeisalsoafairlybustlingcommercialtown.（布倫特里還是一個相當(dāng)繁華的商業(yè)小鎮(zhèn)。），但這不等同于小鎮(zhèn)發(fā)展速度很快，屬于曲解原文。D選項(xiàng)“最近修建了更多的學(xué)校、道路和類似的東西”：根據(jù)第四段第四句school,roads,bridgesandthelikeweregrowingolderandweren’treceivingtheattentiontheyneeded（學(xué)校、道路、橋梁等設(shè)施的年久失修，并沒有得到應(yīng)有的關(guān)注），可知不符合文章內(nèi)容，屬于反向干擾。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第四、五句school,roads,bridgesandthelikeweregrowingolderandweren’treceivingtheattentiontheyneeded.Buteveniftheydidgettheattention,notmuchcouldbedonebecausetherewasn’tenoughmoneyinthetown’skittytopayforneededrepair.（學(xué)校、道路、橋梁等設(shè)施的年久失修，并沒有得到應(yīng)有的關(guān)注。但即使人們注意到了，也做不了什么，因?yàn)殒?zhèn)上沒有足夠的錢來支付必要的維修費(fèi)用。），可知問題的根源在于沒有錢，而這是因?yàn)檎鞫惒蛔?，D選項(xiàng)“這個城鎮(zhèn)沒有征收足夠的稅來保持良好發(fā)展”正確；不修繕學(xué)校不是因?yàn)椴恢匾暯逃?，而是缺少資金，B選項(xiàng)“對教育不夠重視”屬于曲解原文；這里提到的不是擴(kuò)大基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，只是對其進(jìn)行維修，C選項(xiàng)“這個城鎮(zhèn)沒有足夠的錢來擴(kuò)大它的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施”屬于曲解原文。A選項(xiàng)“沒有人愿意交稅”：根據(jù)第五段Boy,ohboy,peoplearegoingtohaveSOMEkindoftaxbillinBraintreethisyear…Whowantstomovetoatownwithfallingschools,badroads,andquestionablewater?（天啊，天啊，今年在布倫特里的人們要交某種稅了……誰愿意搬到一個學(xué)校破敗、道路糟糕、水源問題叢生的小鎮(zhèn)？），這里暗指人們愿意交稅，不符合文章內(nèi)容，屬于反向干擾。

因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第六、七句Butasmymotherwouldsay,onecanonlyignoretheelephantinthelivingroomforsolong.Andnowit’stimetopayup.（就像我媽媽常說的，人們只能忽視客廳里的大象這么久了。現(xiàn)在是時候付錢了。），客廳里的大象是非常明顯的現(xiàn)象，指的是納稅不足導(dǎo)致的各種問題，而這個問題如果不解決，遲早有一天會嚴(yán)重到不得不解決的獨(dú)步，A選項(xiàng)“如果一個人對問題視而不見，就會嘗到苦果”正確；C選項(xiàng)“一個人不應(yīng)該把大象長時間放在客廳里”僅僅解釋了字面意思，沒有解釋內(nèi)涵，屬于偷換概念；這里表達(dá)的意思是需要增稅，D選項(xiàng)“小鎮(zhèn)不應(yīng)該征收違背人們意愿的重稅”屬于反向干擾。B選項(xiàng)“對于一個小鎮(zhèn)來說，保持一切井井有條負(fù)擔(dān)太沉重”：文中沒有提到，屬于無中生有。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。作者在第一、二段闡述不想納稅的觀點(diǎn)，隨后舉出布倫特因?yàn)榧{稅不夠而導(dǎo)致問題的例子，在最后一段總結(jié)征稅過多和過少都會導(dǎo)致問題，并且強(qiáng)調(diào)政府的錢最后用于公民的生活，A選項(xiàng)“繳納足夠的稅款是公民的義務(wù)”正確；D選項(xiàng)“不應(yīng)征稅過重”文中有提到，但是不是重點(diǎn)，屬于曲解原文。B選項(xiàng)“他不喜歡稅收，如果可能，他會盡量避免”：作者在開頭提出不喜歡征稅的觀點(diǎn)是為了吸引讀者注意和欲揚(yáng)先抑，這不是作者想要表達(dá)的核心觀點(diǎn)，屬于反向干擾。C選項(xiàng)“不應(yīng)濫用稅收”：文中沒有提到政府濫用稅收，屬于無中生有。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Bobwasnota（

）manwhonevermadeaquickdecisionaboutanything.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bold

B.reckless

C.deliberate

D.rash

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。bold“大膽的，英勇的”；reckless“魯莽的，不顧后果的”；deliberate“故意的，深思熟慮的”；rash“輕率的，魯莽的”。句意：Bob不是那種在做決定之前多加思考的人。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

14.單選題

4.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.8:00.

B.8:15.

C.8:40.

D.8:45.

【答案】B

【解析】W:Arewegoingtobelate?

M:Wewillbeunlesswehurry.

W:Whendoestheshowstart?

M:At8:30.We’vegot15minutestogetthere.

Q:Whattimeisitnow?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。對話指出演出在8:30，現(xiàn)在他們只有15分鐘的時間到那兒。由此判斷現(xiàn)在的時間是8點(diǎn)15分。

15.單選題

Several（）forglobalwarminghavebeensuggestedbyclimateresearchers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.systems

B.sentences

C.fallacies

D.hypotheses

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析。空格處的詞應(yīng)與suggested相近,因此D項(xiàng)hypotheses(假定的)正確。

16.翻譯題

由于我們對環(huán)境問題的理解不斷發(fā)展，因而環(huán)境的語言也不斷地發(fā)展。環(huán)境教育已經(jīng)在向環(huán)境與發(fā)展教育、可持續(xù)發(fā)展教育和負(fù)責(zé)任的地球公民教育轉(zhuǎn)變。這三種說法目前互相替換使用。這種轉(zhuǎn)變反映了現(xiàn)階段有的并繼續(xù)存在的引用聯(lián)系——地區(qū)和全球的聯(lián)系，過去、現(xiàn)在和將來的聯(lián)系，社會、文化、經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治的聯(lián)系。

【答案】Duetothecontinuousdevelopmentofourunderstandingtotheenvironmentproblem,thustheenvironmentlanguagealsocontinuestoimprove.Environmenteducationhaschangedtowardsenvironmentanddevelopmenteducation,sustainabledevelopmenteducationandtheeducationforresponsibleglobalcitizens.Fornow,thethreeargumentscouldbeoftenusedinplaceofoneanother.Thesechangeshavereflectedthereferencerelationshipatthepresentwhichwillbecontinuing—therelationshipbetweenregionandworld,therelationshipamongpast,nowandthefutureaswellastherelationshipamongsociety,cultureandpolitics.

17.單選題

Itisdisturbingtonotehowmanycrimeswedoknowaboutweredetected（）,notbysystematicinspectionsorothersecurityprocedures.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.byaccident

B.onschedule

C.ingeneral

D.atintervals

【答案】A

【解析】byaccident偶然，意外的；onschedule按時；ingeneral總之，通常；atintervals不時。句意：令人不安的是，我們知道的很多罪行是偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)的，而不是通過系統(tǒng)的檢查或其他安全程序發(fā)現(xiàn)的。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

18.單選題

Inthedarkness,Icouldhearwindows______.Thisfollowedbyscreams,shoutingandlaughter.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.beingopened

B.tobeopened

C.havingopened

D.opening

【答案】A

【解析】考查hear的用法和語態(tài)。Hear后面一般接動詞原形或者現(xiàn)在分詞，因此排除B項(xiàng)；根據(jù)句意，窗戶應(yīng)該是正在被打開，所以排除C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)，只有A項(xiàng)符合句意。句意：在黑暗中，我能聽到窗戶被打開的聲音；接著是尖叫聲、喊叫和笑聲。因此A項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Anexplanationofanearthquakeisadescriptionofthechainof（

）thatproducesit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.causality

B.margin

C.persistence

D.purpose

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析。句意:地震的解釋就是對造成地震因果關(guān)系鏈的描述。

causality因果關(guān)系。margin邊緣；利潤。persistence持續(xù)；固執(zhí)；存留。purpose目的，意圖。

20.單選題

WhenJackwaseighteenhe（

）goingaroundwithastrangesetofpeopleandstayingoutverylate.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tookto

B.tookup

C.tookfor

D.tookon

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)taketo“喜歡”；B選項(xiàng)takeup“開始從事”；C選項(xiàng)takefor“認(rèn)為，當(dāng)作”；D選項(xiàng)takeon“承擔(dān)”。根據(jù)句意可知A選項(xiàng)符合語境。句意：杰克十八歲時喜歡跟一群奇怪的人混在一起，常常在外面待到很晚才回來。

21.單選題

Thestormsweepingoverthispartofthecountryissuretocause（）ofvegetablesinthecomingdays.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rarity

B.preliminary

C.inefficiency

D.invalidity

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。rarity“罕見，珍貴”；preliminary“初步行動；準(zhǔn)備工作”；inefficiency“效率低；無效率”；invalidity“無效，無價值。”“被暴風(fēng)雨襲擊”與“蔬菜”之間的關(guān)系是前者會造成后者短缺，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

22.單選題

Thelettersaidthattherewasan______,butIcouldn’tfindwhereitwas.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.emergency

B.exposure

C.enclosure

D.expenditure

【答案】C

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A項(xiàng)emergency“緊急情況，突發(fā)事件”，B項(xiàng)exposure“暴露，曝光，揭露”，C項(xiàng)enclosure“附件，圍墻”，D項(xiàng)expenditure“支出，花費(fèi)”。根據(jù)句子關(guān)鍵詞letter“信”可知，空格處應(yīng)該表示“附件”。句意：信上說有一個附件，但我找不到它在哪里。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

23.單選題

MikeDevine,chieffinancialofficerofNewYork-headquarteredCoach,whichmakesluxuryhandbags,saidataconferencerecentlyamovewasinthepipeline.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inthejobs

B.intheworks

C.inthejob

D.inthework

【答案】B

【解析】考查短語辨析。A、C、D選項(xiàng)均表示“在工作中”；B選項(xiàng)intheworks“正在準(zhǔn)備階段；在進(jìn)行中或準(zhǔn)備中”。句意：總部位于紐約的奢侈品手袋制造商Coach的首席財(cái)務(wù)長邁克?迪瓦恩（MikeDevine）最近在一次會議上表示，正在醞釀一項(xiàng)舉措。inthepipeline“在運(yùn)輸中；在進(jìn)行中；在準(zhǔn)備中”。B選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

24.單選題

Letusbeginwithtwovignettes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.slogans

B.maxims

C.caveats

D.sketches

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.slogans口號B.maxims格言；箴言

C.caveats警告；告誡D.sketches幽默短劇，小品；素描

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】vignette是表示“人物特征、局勢等的簡介；（表演）小品”，四個選項(xiàng)中只有D項(xiàng)詞義與之相近，故該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)不符合劃線單詞詞義。

【句意】讓我們從兩個小品開始。

25.單選題

ProfessorSmithhasalreadyretired,buthisteachingsstill（）stronginfluenceonhisstudents.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.execute

B.forsake

C.exert

D.forge

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。execute“實(shí)行，執(zhí)行；處死”；forsake“放棄”；exert“運(yùn)用，發(fā)揮；施以影響”；forge“鍛造”。句意：Smith教授已經(jīng)退休了，但是他的教導(dǎo)依然在他的學(xué)生中產(chǎn)生重大影響。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

26.單選題

Themanhadeithertoleavethecountryimmediatelyortosurrenderhimselftotheenemyandhadnootherchoice.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.alternative

B.hope

C.resource

D.approach

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)alternative“二中選一；供替代的選擇”；B選項(xiàng)hope“希望”；C選項(xiàng)resource“資源”；D選項(xiàng)approach“方式”。句意：這個人要么立即離開這個國家，要么向敵人投降，結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵短語leavethecountry（離開這個國家）以及surrenderhimselftotheenemy（向敵人投降），可推測他是在兩者之間進(jìn)行選擇，由此得知A選項(xiàng)正確。

27.翻譯題

Jointventures,inanumberofcases,don’tworkoutbecausethe“people”relationshipsbecomeungluedand/orthebusinesscan’tbemadeprofitable.Withthisinmind,internationaljointventuresshouldbestructuredtoanticipatetheworstcontingencies.Ifthisisdoneeventhoughthecontingenciesdon’toccur,youcanfeelthatyourcompany’sinterestshavebeenprotected.Here,Iwouldaddanadditionalobservation,namely,thatajointventurethatdidnotworkoutmaybeprofitableforthepartnerswhenbrokenupiftherightdecisions