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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京財貿(mào)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Telecommunicationdevelopmentsenablethesendingofmessages()television,radioandveryshortly,electronicmailtobombardpeoplewithmanymessages.

問題1選項

A.via

B.amid

C.past

D.across

【答案】A

【解析】考查介詞。句意:電信的發(fā)展使人們能夠通過電視、無線電發(fā)送信息,很快,電子郵件就可以用許多信息轟炸人們。根據(jù)語境,此處表示信息發(fā)送的途徑,因此A為正確答案。

2.單選題

Manysocialservicesareprovidedby(

)societiesandorganizationsthatdonotexpectanymaterialpayment.

問題1選項

A.wealthy

B.voluntary

C.helpful

D.spiritual

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。wealthy“富有的;充分的”;voluntary“自愿的”;helpful“有幫助的;有益的”;spiritual“精神的;心靈的”。句意:很多社團自愿組織提供很多社會福利事業(yè),并不期望任何物質(zhì)報酬。選項B符合題意。

3.單選題

Thereferee______thegoal,rulingthataplayer’shandhadtouchedtheball.

問題1選項

A.nullified

B.accosted

C.cohered

D.detested

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.nullified使無效,作廢;取消B.accosted勾引,引誘;對……說話

C.cohered凝聚;連貫,一致D.detested厭惡;憎恨

【答案】A

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)后面的句子“判定球員的手碰到了球”可知,Thereferee______thegoal表達的意思是“裁判認(rèn)定這一個進球是無效的”,因此A項符合句意。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D項不符合句子意思。

【句意】裁判判定一名球員的手觸到了球,認(rèn)為該進球無效。

4.問答題

FromitsorigininEuropeaswittysketches,caricaturegrewthroughtheeighteenthand

A

B

nineteenthcentury,becomingenormouslypopularintheUnitedStatesearlyinthiscentury.In

C

D

1920sand1930sespecially,thislivelyformofillustrationappearedinnewspapersandmagazinesthroughoutthecountry.Thecaricaturistsinthiseradrewtheirportraitsofimportantfiguresprimarilytoentertain.

【答案】試題答案:C;countries

【解析】考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。由“theeighteenthandnineteenth(十八世紀(jì)和十九世紀(jì))可知此處對應(yīng)的名詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式”,country的復(fù)數(shù)形式為countries。

5.單選題

______bythepolice,thekidnappershadnochoicebuttosurrender.

問題1選項

A.Surrounded

B.Havingsurrounded

C.Surrounding

D.Tosurround

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.Surrounded被包圍B.Havingsurrounded包圍

C.Surrounding包圍D.Tosurround包圍

【答案】A

【考查點】非謂語動詞。

【解題思路】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格處要填入一個非謂語動詞,邏輯主語為kidnappers(綁架者),和動詞surround(包圍)之間是被動的關(guān)系,所以要用過去分詞形式。故該題選擇A項。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D項都表示主動關(guān)系。

【句意】綁架者在警察的包圍下別無選擇,只好投降。

6.單選題

Althoughhethoughthewashelpingustopreparethedinner,hewasactually()theway.

問題1選項

A.in

B.after

C.on

D.by

【答案】A

【解析】考查短語辨析。A選項intheway“擋道,礙事,妨礙某人”;B選項aftertheway英語里沒有這樣的短語。C選項ontheway“在途中,在路上,從某種程度上來說”;D選項bytheway“順便說說,順便問一下”,句意:他以為他在幫我們準(zhǔn)備晚餐,其實根本不是這么回事。由選項意思和句意可知,A選項符合句意。

7.單選題

12.

問題1選項

A.Playtennis.

B.Takeoutthetrash.

C.Playcomputergames.

D.Gotocourtforalawsuit.

【答案】A

【解析】W:Howaboutthegameoftennis?

M:Ok,loser’lltakeoutthetrashforamonth.

W:It’sadeal.

M:Seeyouinthecourt.

Q:Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?

【解析】細節(jié)題。女士提議說待會去打網(wǎng)球,最后男士說:Seeyouinthecourt(球場上見)。

8.單選題

ThemiserablefateofEnron’semployeeswillbealandmarkinbusinesshistory,oneofthoseawfuleventsthateveryoneagreesmustneverbeallowedtohappenagain.Thisurgeisunderstandableandnoble:thousandshavelostvirtuallyalltheirretirementsavingswiththedemiseofEnronstock.Butmakingsureitneverhappensagainmaynotbepossible,becausethesuddenimpoverishmentofthoseEnronworkersrepresentssomethingevenlargerthanitseems.It’sthelatestturnintheunwindingofoneofthemostaudaciouspromiseofthe20thcentury.

Thepromisewasassuredeconomicsecurity—evencomfort—foressentiallyeveryoneinthedevelopedworld.Withtheexplosionofwealth,thatbeganinthe19thcenturyitbecamepossibletothinkaboutapossibilitynoonehaddaredtodreambefore.Thefearatthecenterofdailylivingsincecavemandays—lackoffoodwarmth,shelter—wouldatlastloseitspowertoterrify.Thatremarkablepromisebecamerealityinmanyways.Governmentscreatedwelfaresystemsforanyoneinneedandseparateprogramsfortheelderly(SocialSecurityintheU.S).Laborunionspromisednotonlybetterpayforworkersbutalsopensionsforretirees.Giantcorporationscameintotobeingandofferedthepossibility—insomecasesthepromise—oflifetimeemploymentplusguaranteedpensions.Thecumulativeeffectwasafundamentalchangeinhowmillionsofpeopleapproachedlifeitself,areversalofattitudethatmostrankasoneofthelargestinhumanhistory.

Theearlyhintsthatthispromisemightbebrokenonalargescalecameinthe1980s.U.S.businesshadbecomeuncompetitivegloballyandbeganrestructuringmassively,withhugeLayoffs.Thetrendacceleratedinthe1990sasthebastionsofcorporatewelfarefacedreality.IBMendeditsno-layoffpolicy.AT&Tfiredthousands,manyofwhomfoundsuchathingsimplyincomprehensible,andafewofwhomkilledthemselves.Theothersupposedguarantorsofoureconomicsecuritywerealsoindecline.Labor-unionmembershipandpowerfelltotheirlowestlevelsindecades.PresidentClintonsignedahistoricbillscalingbackwelfare.AmericansrealizedthatSocialSecuritywon’tprovidesocialsecurityforanyofus.

Alessvisiblebutequallysignificanttrendaffectedpensions.Tomakecostseasiertocontrol,companiesmovedawayfromdefinedbenefitpensionplans,whichobligatethemtopayoutspecifiedamountsyearsinthefuture,todefinecontributionplans,whichspecifyonlyhowmuchgoesintotheplaytoday.Themostcommontypeofdefined-contributionplanisthe401(k).Thesignificanceofthe401(k)isthatitputsmostoftheresponsibilityforaperson’seconomicfatebackontheemployee.Withinlimitstheemployeemustdecidehowmuchgoesintoplaneachyearandhowitgetsinvested—thetwofactorsthatwilldeterminehowmuchit’sworthwhentheemployeeretires.

WhatbringsusbacktoEnron?Thosebillionsofdollarsinvaporizedretirementsavingswentinemployees’401(k)accounts,Thatis,theemployeeschosehowmuchmoneytoputintothoseaccountsandthenchosehowtoinvestit.Enronmatchedacertainproportionofeachemployee’s401(k)contributionwithcompanystock,soeveryonewasgoingtoendupwithsomeEnroninhisorherportfolio;butthatcouldberegardedasafreebie,sincenothingcompelsacompanytomatchemployeecontributionsatall.AtleasttwospecialfeaturescomplicatetheEnroncase.First,someshareholderschargetopmanagementwithillegallycoveringupthecompany’sproblems,promptinginvestorstohangonwhentheyshouldhavesold.Second,Enron’s401(k)accountswerelockedwhilethecompanychangedplanadministratorsinOctober,whenthestockwasfalling,soemployeescouldnothaveclosedtheiraccountsiftheywantedto.

ButbyfarthelargestcauseofthishumantragedyisthatthousandsofemployeeswereheavilyoverweighedinEnronstock.Manyhadplaced100%oftheir401(k)assetsinthestockratherthaninthe18otherinvestmentoptionstheywereoffered.Ofcoursethatwasn’tprudent,butit’swhatsomeofthemdid.

TheEnronemployees’retirementdisasterispartofthelargertrendawayfromguaranteedeconomicsecurity.That’swhypreventingsuchathingfromeverhappeningagainmaybeimpossible.ThehugeattitudinalshifttoI’ll-be-taken-care-oftookatleastageneration.Theshiftbackmaytakejustaslong.Itwon’tbecompleteuntilanewgenerationofemployeesseeassuredeconomiccomfortasa20th-centuryquirk,andunderstandnotjustintellectuallybutintheirbonesthat,likemostpeopleinmosttimesandplaces,they’reontheirown.

1.Whydoestheauthorsayatthebeginning“ThemiserablefateofEnron’semployeeswillbealandmarkinbusinesshistory...’’?

2.Accordingtothepassage,thecombinedeffortsbygovernments,laborunionsandbigcorporationstoguaranteeeconomiccomforthaveledtoasignificantchangein______.

3.Changesinpensionschemeswerealsopartof______.

4.ThousandsofemployeeschoseEnronastheirsoleinvestmentoptionmainlybecause______.

5.WhichisNOTseenasalessondrawnfromtheEnrondisaster?

問題1選項

A.Becausethecompanyhasgonebankrupt.

B.Becausesucheventswouldneverhappenagain.

C.BecausemanyEnronworkerslosttheirretirementsavings.

D.Becauseitsignifiesaturningpointineconomicsecurity.

問題2選項

A.people’soutlookonlife

B.people’slifestyles

C.people’slivingstandard

D.people’ssocialvalues

問題3選項

A.thecorporatelay-offs

B.thegovernmentcutsinwelfarespending

C.theeconomicrestructuring

D.thewarningpoweroflaborsunions

問題4選項

A.the401(k)madethemresponsiblefortheirownfuture

B.Enronofferedtoaddcompanystocktotheirinvestment

C.theiremployersintendedtocutbackonpensionspending

D.Enron’sofferwassimilartoadefined-benefitplan

問題5選項

A.The401(k)assetsshouldbeplacedinmorethanoneinvestmentoption.

B.Employeeshavetotakeupresponsibilitiesforthemselves.

C.Sucheventscouldhappenagainasitisnoteasytochangepeople’smind.

D.Economicsecuritywon’tbetakenforgrantedbyfutureyoungworkers.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.【選項釋義】

1.Whydoestheauthorsayatthebeginning“ThemiserablefateofEnron’semployeeswillbealandmarkinbusinesshistory...’’?1.為什么作者在開頭說“安然公司的員工的悲慘命運將成為商業(yè)歷史上的里程碑……”?

A.Becausethecompanyhasgonebankrupt.A.因為公司已經(jīng)破產(chǎn)了。

B.Becausesucheventswouldneverhappenagain.B.因為這樣的事情不會再發(fā)生了。

C.BecausemanyEnronworkerslosttheirretirementsavings.C.因為許多安然公司的員工失去了他們的退休儲蓄。

D.Becauseitsignifiesaturningpointineconomicsecurity.D.因為它標(biāo)志著經(jīng)濟安全的轉(zhuǎn)折點。

【答案】D

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第一段,最后三句指出“隨著安然股票的破產(chǎn),成千上萬的人失去了幾乎所有的退休儲蓄。但要確保這種情況不再發(fā)生,可能是不可能的,因為安然員工的突然貧困,比它看上去的更大。這是20世紀(jì)最大膽的承諾之一的最新轉(zhuǎn)折(thelatestturnintheunwindingofoneofthemostaudaciouspromise)?!保瑥闹锌芍?,安然公司的員工的悲慘命運將成為商業(yè)歷史上的里程碑帶來了一個轉(zhuǎn)折,而第二段第一句提到“這一承諾保證了發(fā)達國家基本上每個人的經(jīng)濟安全,甚至舒適”可知,這個轉(zhuǎn)折就是經(jīng)濟安全,綜合理解可知,第一段開頭說“安然公司的員工的悲慘命運將成為商業(yè)歷史上的里程碑”,是因為它標(biāo)志著經(jīng)濟的轉(zhuǎn)折點。因此,該題選擇D項“因為它標(biāo)志著經(jīng)濟安全的轉(zhuǎn)折點”。

【干擾項排除】A項“因為公司已經(jīng)破產(chǎn)了”、B項“因為這樣的事情不會再發(fā)生了”和C項“因為許多安然公司的員工失去了他們的退休儲蓄”由解題思路可知,雖然這三項在第一段有提到,但并不是作者說這句話的真正原因,這三項屬于曲解原文。

2.【選項釋義】

2.Accordingtothepassage,thecombinedeffortsbygovernments,laborunionsandbigcorporationstoguaranteeeconomiccomforthaveledtoasignificantchangein______.2.根據(jù)該文章,政府、工會和大企業(yè)為保證經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定而共同努力,導(dǎo)致了______的重大變化。

A.people’soutlookonlifeA.人們的人生觀

B.people’slifestylesB.人們的生活方式

C.people’slivingstandardC.人民的生活水平

D.people’ssocialvaluesD.人們的社會價值觀

【答案】A

【考查點】細節(jié)事實題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段最后三句的內(nèi)容“政府為有需要的人建立了福利體系,為老年人設(shè)立了單獨的項目(美國的社會保障)。工會不僅承諾為工人提供更高的工資,還承諾為退休人員提供養(yǎng)老金。大型企業(yè)應(yīng)運而生,并提供了終身就業(yè)和有保障的養(yǎng)老金的可能性——在某些情況下是承諾。這種累積效應(yīng)從根本上改變了數(shù)百萬人對待生活本身(approachedlifeitself)的態(tài)度,這是人類歷史上最大的態(tài)度轉(zhuǎn)變之一。”可知,政府、工會和大企業(yè)為保證經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定而共同努力的累積效應(yīng)是改變了人們對生活的態(tài)度,即人生觀。因此,該題選擇A項“人們的人生觀”。

【干擾項排除】B項“人們的生活方式”、C項“人民的生活水平”和D項“人們的社會價值觀”由解題思路可知,這三項屬于曲解原文。

3.【選項釋義】

3.Changesinpensionschemeswerealsopartof______.3.養(yǎng)老金計劃的變化也是______的一部分。

A.thecorporatelay-offsA.公司裁員

B.thegovernmentcutsinwelfarespendingB.政府削減福利開支

C.theeconomicrestructuringC.經(jīng)濟重組

D.thewarningpoweroflaborsunionsD.工會發(fā)出警告

【答案】B

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段最后兩句“克林頓總統(tǒng)簽署了一項歷史性的削減福利的法案。美國人意識到社會保障不會為我們?nèi)魏稳颂峁┥鐣U??!笨芍?,政府削減了福利,而第四段第一句開頭指出“一個不太明顯但同樣重要的趨勢影響到養(yǎng)老金”,后面提及退休金計劃的改變,所以綜合理解可推知,養(yǎng)老金計劃的改變也是政府削減福利開支法案的一部分。因此,該題選擇B項“政府削減福利開支”。

【干擾項排除】

A項“公司裁員”和B項“經(jīng)濟重組”是就業(yè)和經(jīng)濟安全方面的影響,與題干無關(guān),屬于出處錯位;

C項“工會發(fā)出警告”在原文沒有提及,屬于無中生有。

4.【選項釋義】

4.ThousandsofemployeeschoseEnronastheirsoleinvestmentoptionmainlybecause______.4.成千上萬的員工選擇安然公司作為他們唯一的投資選擇,主要是因為______。

A.the401(k)madethemresponsiblefortheirownfutureA.401k計劃讓他們?yōu)樽约旱奈磥碡?fù)責(zé)

B.EnronofferedtoaddcompanystocktotheirinvestmentB.安然公司提出在他們的投資中增加公司股票

C.theiremployersintendedtocutbackonpensionspendingC.他們的雇主打算削減養(yǎng)老金支出

D.Enron’sofferwassimilartoadefined-benefitplanD.安然公司提供類似于固定收益計劃

【答案】B

【考查點】細節(jié)事實題。

【解題思路】第五段第三句指出“安然將每個員工繳納的401k養(yǎng)老金的一定比例與公司股票匹配,所以每個人最終都會在他或她的投資組合中得到一些安然的股票”,由此可知,安然公司讓投資者擁有他們公司的股票,因此很多員工選擇安然作為他們投資的唯一選擇。故該題選擇B項“安然公司提出在他們的投資中增加公司股票”。

【干擾項排除】

A項“401k計劃讓他們?yōu)樽约旱奈磥碡?fù)責(zé)”在原文有提到,但與題干無關(guān),屬于出處錯位;

C項“他們的雇主打算削減養(yǎng)老金支出”是政府削減福利開支法案對養(yǎng)老金的影響,與題干無關(guān),屬于出處錯位;

D項“安然公司提供類似于固定收益計劃”根據(jù)解題思路可知,安然公司提供的是股票,而股票并不是固定收益,所以該項屬于曲解原文。

5.【選項釋義】

5.WhichisNOTseenasalessondrawnfromtheEnrondisaster?5.哪一個不是從安然危機中吸取的教訓(xùn)?

A.The401(k)assetsshouldbeplacedinmorethanoneinvestmentoption.A.401k的資產(chǎn)應(yīng)該放置在一個以上的投資選擇。

B.Employeeshavetotakeupresponsibilitiesforthemselves.B.員工必須為自己承擔(dān)責(zé)任。

C.Sucheventscouldhappenagainasitisnoteasytochangepeople’smind.C.因為很難改變?nèi)藗兊南敕?,這樣的事情有可能再次發(fā)生。

D.Economicsecuritywon’tbetakenforgrantedbyfutureyoungworkers.D.未來的年輕人不會認(rèn)為經(jīng)濟安全是理所當(dāng)然的。

【答案】D

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)最后一段第二三四句“這就是為什么防止這樣的事情再次發(fā)生是不可能的。人們對‘我會被照顧’的態(tài)度的巨大轉(zhuǎn)變至少花了一代人的時間。返回可能需要同樣長的時間。”可知,人們自以為經(jīng)濟保障是理所當(dāng)然的,要想改變這種觀念要很久的時間,所以推斷,未來的年輕人還是會認(rèn)為經(jīng)濟安全是理所當(dāng)然的,D項“未來的年輕人不會認(rèn)為經(jīng)濟安全是理所當(dāng)然的”與這一分析相反,但符合題意。因此,該題選擇D項。

【干擾項排除】

A項“401k的資產(chǎn)應(yīng)該放置在一個以上的投資選擇”和B項“員工必須為自己承擔(dān)責(zé)任”根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容“但到目前為止,造成這一人間悲劇的最大原因是,成千上萬的雇員在安然股票中的權(quán)重嚴(yán)重超標(biāo)。許多人將他們的401k資產(chǎn)全部投資于股票,而不是提供給他們的其他18種投資選擇。當(dāng)然,這并不明智,但有些人就是這么做的?!笨芍?,這兩項屬于反向干擾;

C項“因為很難改變?nèi)藗兊南敕?,這樣的事情有可能再次發(fā)生”由解題思路可知,要想改變?nèi)藗冏砸詾榻?jīng)濟保障是理所當(dāng)然的這種觀念要很久的時間,所以這樣的事情可能會再次發(fā)生,該項屬于反向干擾。

9.單選題

Thehotelwasafour-storeybuildingawayfromtheuniversitywheremostcompetitorswereaccommodated.

問題1選項

A.putup

B.putdown

C.putin

D.putover

【答案】A

【解析】accommodated在這里指容納,安置。putup提供,建造,舉起;putdown放下,鎮(zhèn)壓;putin提交,放入;putover推遲,駛過。選項A放在句中最為恰當(dāng),符合語境。

10.單選題

Akilnisatypeofoveninwhichclayis(

)sothatithardensintoaformofceramicmaterial.

問題1選項

A.repaired

B.baked

C.melted

D.lightened

【答案】B

【解析】repair修理,修補;bake烤,烘焙;melt使融化,使軟化;lighten使照亮,使輕松。句意:窯是一種把黏土燒制變硬成為陶瓷材料的爐子。選項B符合語境。

11.單選題

Thisspaciousroomis()furnishedwithjustafewarticlesinit.

問題1選項

A.lightly

B.sparsely

C.hardly

D.rarely

【答案】B

【解析】句意:這間寬敞的房間設(shè)備稀少,里面只有幾件物品。

考查副詞辨析。lightly輕輕地,輕松地,滿不在乎地;sparsely稀疏地,節(jié)省地;hardly幾乎不,幾乎沒有;rarely難得,很少,表示少見,不經(jīng)常的情況。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“里面只有幾件物品”可知B符合句意。

12.翻譯題

"學(xué)習(xí)"這兩個字是由孔夫子首先講的,他是一個偉大的教育家。他自己學(xué)習(xí)十分努力,又有了多年的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗,總結(jié)了那么一句話:“學(xué)而時習(xí)之,不亦說(悅)乎?”意思是說,學(xué)了一些東西,經(jīng)常溫習(xí)它,不是很快樂的事情嗎?這是"學(xué)習(xí)”一詞的來源。

任何人要獲得新知識,途徑只有一條,那便是“學(xué)”,向具有這門知識的人學(xué),向記有這門知識的書本學(xué),但是學(xué)了,懂得了,卻不等于掌握了這門知識。要使它成為自己的東西,就必須“習(xí)”。只有經(jīng)常溫習(xí),才能記得住,記得牢。

【答案】Thetwocharacters“xue”and“xi”werefirstusedbyChina’sConfucius,whowasagreateducator.Studyinghardhimself,andhavingmanyyears'experienceofteaching,hesummedupthequestioninonesentencewhichgoes“Isn’titenjoyabletolearnsomethingandtoreviewitoften?”Andthat’stheoriginoftheword“xuexi”.

Thereisonlyonewayforanyonetoacquirenewknowledge,andthat’s“l(fā)earning”thatonecanlearnknowledgefromsomeonewhoisgoodatitorreadanybooksthatcontainsrelativeinformation.Havinglearnedandknewtheknowledge,however,doesn’tmeantheonehasacquiredthemyouoftenreviewtheknowledge.Therefore,onemustreviewittoturnitintosomethingofhisown.

13.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish

人類文明的歷史與人類學(xué)習(xí)如何利用水資源的歷史密不可分。

這些建筑物通常都是傍依懸崖而建的,既為了建設(shè)便利,也為了抵御敵人的侵犯。

西南地區(qū)非常干旱,水源稀少。

他寫作不為名,不圖利,是因為他有一種燃燒的渴望,一種表達快樂的渴望。

Bramley大學(xué)為注冊的國際學(xué)生提供7類獎學(xué)金以幫助他們解決課程的費用問題。

【答案】Thehistoryofhumancivilizationiscloselyrelatedtothehistoryofhuman’slearningofhowtomakeuseofwaterresources.

Thesebuildingswereusuallybuiltagainstcliffs,bothforconvenientconstructionThesouthwesternregionisverydryandthewaterisscarce.

Hewritesneitherforfamenorforprofit,becausehehasastrongdesirewhichcanexpresshishappiness.

TheBramleyUniversityprovidessevenkindsofscholarshipforregisteredinternationalstudents,theaimistohelpthemsolvetheproblemofcoursecost.

14.單選題

Thattruckdrivernolonger(

)himselfindrinkingafterexperiencingtheaccident.

問題1選項

A.induced

B.immersed

C.devoted

D.indulged

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項induce“誘導(dǎo)”;B選項immerse“浸入”;C選項devote“致力于”;D選項indulge“沉溺,滿足,放任”。句意:在經(jīng)歷了那次事故后,那個卡車司機就不再放任自己喝酒。選項D符合句意。

15.單選題

Wecanallowa0.5%discountonallordersof$1000;orders___$2000aresubjecttoa2%

discount.

問題1選項

A.exceeding

B.reducing

C.proceeding

D.promoting

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.exceeding超過(數(shù)量)B.reducing減少

C.proceeding開始;繼續(xù)做D.promoting促進;提升

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意:對所有1000美元的訂單,我們可以給0.5%的折扣。分號后面的折扣更大,應(yīng)該指如果是更多美元的訂單,我們給出的折扣更多。應(yīng)該選A.exceeding超過,表示更多。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D選項均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】所有1000美元的訂單,我們可以給0.5%的折扣。超過2000美元的訂單須加2%的折扣。

16.單選題

Isecondhismotionthatwe()aspecialboardtoexaminetheproblem.

問題1選項

A.shallsetup

B.setup

C.wouldsetlip

D.sets

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我贊成他的提議,我們成立一個特別委員會來審查這個問題。

語法題??疾樘摂M語氣。在motion(提議,議案)這類表示建議勸告等的從句中,動詞應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣,即should+原形,should可省略,因此B正確。

17.單選題

Withtherapidglobalizationofscienceitself(morethan40percentofscientificPh.D.studentstrainedintheUnitedStatesarenowforeignnationals,roughlyhalfofwhomreturntotheircountriesoforigin),theonceundisputedU.S.scientificlead,whetherrelevanttoproductleadornot,isdiminishing.

ThecompetitionofforeignstudentsforpositionsinU.S.graduateschoolshasalsocontributedtomakingscientifictrainingrelativelyunattractivetoU.S.students,becausetherapidlyincreasingsupplyofstudentshasdiminishedtherelativerewardsofthiscareerpath.Forthebestandbrightestfromlow-incomecountries,apositionasaresearchassistantintheUnitedStatesisattractive,whereasthebestandbrightestU.S.studentsmightnowseebetteroptionsinotherfields.Scienceandengineeringcareers,totheextentthattheyareopeninguptoforeigncompetition(whetherimportedoravailablethroughbettercommunication),alsoseemtobebecomingrelativelylessattractivetoU.S.students.

Withrespecttotheroleofuniversitiesintheinnovationprocess,the”speculativeboomofthe1990s(which,amongotherthings,madeitpossibletoconvertscientificfindingsintocashratherquickly)waslargelyunexpected.Theboombroughtuniversitiesandtheirfacultiesintomuchclosercontactwithprivatemarketsastheytriedtogainasmuchoftheeconomicdividendsfromtheirdiscoveriesaspossible.Forawhile,thepathbetweendiscoveriesinbasicscienceandnewflowsofhardcashwasconsiderablyshortened.Butduringthenextfewdecades,thispathlikelywillreverttowarditsmoretraditionallengthandreestablish,inahealthyway,themoretraditional(andmoreindependent)relationshipbetweenthebasicresearchdoneatuniversitiesandthoseentitiesthattranslateideasintoproductsandservices.

Intheinterveningyears,anothernewforcealsogreatlyfacilitatedglobalization:therapidgrowthoftheInternetandcheapwide-bandwidthinternationalcommunication.Today,complexdesignactivitiescantakeplaceinlocationsquiteremovedfrommanufacturing,otherbusinessfunctions,andtheconsumer.Indeed,thereisnowampleopportunityforreal-timecommunicationbetweenbusinessfunctionsthatarequiteindependentoftheirspecificlocations.Forexample,softwaredevelopment,withallitschangesandcomplications,cantoaconsiderableextentbedoneoverseasforaU.S.customer.Foreigncallcenterscanrespondinstantlytoquestionsfromthousandsofmilesaway.Theresultisthatlow-wageworkersintheFarEastandinsomeothercountriesarecomingintoevermoredirectcompetitionwithamuchwiderspectrumofU.S.labor:unskilledinthecaseofcallcenters;morehighlyskilledinthecaseofprogrammers.

1.Therapidglobalizationofscience

).

2.Accordingtothistext(

).

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat

).

4.Allofthefollowingmighthavecontributedtoglobalizationexcept

).

5.Thistextismainlyabout(

).

問題1選項

A.hasledtotherapidgrowthoftheInternet

B.hasdiminishedtherelativerewardsofscienceandengineeringcareers

C.hasresultedinthefiercecompetitionofscientifictrainingintheUS

D.hascontributedtothediminishofU.S.scientificleadership

問題2選項

A.thecareersunattractivetoU.S.studentsmaynotbesotoforeignstudents

B.scienceandengineeringcareersareunattractiveexclusivelytoU.S.students

C.U.S.studentsarenotcourageousenoughtofaceforeigncompetition

D.U.S.studentsarenotwellpreparedtocompetewithforeignstudents

問題3選項

A.scientistsrarelyexpecttomakemoneyfromtheirdiscoveriesinbasicscience

B.itwillbemucheasiertoconvertscientificfindingsintocashinthenearfuture

C.theboomofthe1990scouldbeconsideredsomewhatunhealthy

D.theboomofthe1990swilllastatleastforseveraldecades

問題4選項

A.theunprecedenteddevelopmentofInternet

B.theclosercontactofuniversitieswithprivatemarkets

C.real-timecommunicationbetweenbusinessfunctions

D.theprevalenceofwide-bandwidthinternationalcommunication

問題5選項

A.thescientificleadershipoftheU.S

B.theshortageofscientistsintheU.S

C.Therapidglobalizationofscience

D.Bettercommunicationandglobalization

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.文章第一段提到美國40%的博士生都是來自其他國家,而這些學(xué)生在美國接受完教育后選擇回到自己的祖國,因此,隨著科學(xué)本身的國際化,美國在科學(xué)界領(lǐng)域的地位正在下降(isdiminishing)。選項D符合題意。

2.文章第二段提到了美國本國的學(xué)生與國外留學(xué)生對工作選擇的期望不同:那些來自于低收入國家的學(xué)生會對一個研究助理的職位趨之若鶩,而本國的學(xué)生卻對此不感興趣,他們有更好的選擇(seebetteroptionsinotherfields)。選項A“對于美國本國學(xué)生沒有吸引力的工作,對外國學(xué)生卻有著吸引力”符合題意。

3.文章第三段前半部分提到90年代的投機性高漲(speculativeboom),這種高漲導(dǎo)致學(xué)校里的老師只想盡可能多的去獲得更多的經(jīng)濟利益(theboombroughtuniversitiesandtheirfacultiesintomuchclosercontactwithprivatemarketsastheytriedtogainasmuchoftheeconomicdividendsfromtheirdiscoveriesaspossible),后半部分Butduringthenextfewdecades,thispathlikelywillreverttowarditsmoretraditionallengthandreestablish,inahealthyway,themoretraditional(andmoreindependent)relationshipbetweenthebasicresearchdoneatuniversitiesandthoseentitiesthattranslateideasintoproductsandservices提到接下來的幾十年,一種健康的方式在逆轉(zhuǎn)之前的道路,由此可推斷90年代的繁榮被認(rèn)為是不健康的。選項C符合題意。

4.文章最后一段前半部分提到互網(wǎng)的誕生、廉價的款待網(wǎng)絡(luò)溝通方式(therapidgrowthoftheInternetandcheapwide-bandwidthinternationalcommunication)、不同地方的商業(yè)機構(gòu)的實時溝通都推動了全球化進程(real-timecommunicationbetweenbusinessfunctionsthatarequiteindependentoftheirspecificlocations),所以只有選項B沒有推動全球化,符合題意。

5.文章第一二段主要講述了由于留學(xué)生的增多,并且這些學(xué)生大都會選擇回自己的國家,從而導(dǎo)致美國在科學(xué)界的領(lǐng)先地位開始動搖,第三段講述了90年代那種不健康的高漲:很多學(xué)校的教師將科學(xué)與經(jīng)濟利益掛鉤,最后一段提到的全球化的原因跟導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。所以文章主要在論述美國在科學(xué)界的領(lǐng)先地位與科學(xué)全球化的關(guān)系。選項A符合題意。

18.單選題

TheWelshlanguagehasalwaysbeentheultimatemarkerofWelshidentity,butagenerationagoitlookedasifWelshwouldgothewayofManx,oncewidelyspokenontheisleofManbutnowextinct.Governmentfinancingandcentralplanning,however,havehelpedreversethedeclineofWelsh.RoadsignsandofficialpublicdocumentsarewritteninbothWelshandEnglish,andschoolchildrenarerequiredtolearnbothlanguages.WelshisnowoneofthemostsuccessfulofEurope’sregionallanguages,spokenbymorethanahalf-millionofthecountry’sthreemillionpeople.

Therevivalofthelanguage,particularlyamongyoungpeople,ispartofaresurgenceofnationalidentitysweepingthroughthissmall,proudnation.LastmonthWalesmarkedthesecondanniversaryoftheopeningoftheNationalAssembly,thefirstparliamenttobeconvenedheresince1404.TheideabehinddevolutionwastorestorethebalancewithintheunionofnationsmakinguptheUnitedKingdom.Withmostofthepeopleandwealth,Englandhasalwayshadbraggingrights.ThepartialtransferoflegislativepowersfromWestminster,implementedbyTonyBlair,wasdesignedtogivetheothermembersoftheclub—Scotland,NorthernIreland,andWales—abiggersayandtocountercentrifugalforcesthatseemedtothreatentheveryideaoftheunion.

TheWelshshowedlittleenthusiasmfordevolution.WhereastheScotsvotedoverwhelminglyforaparliament,thevoteforaWelshassemblyscrapedthroughbylessthanonepercentonaturnoutoflessthan25percent.Itspowerswereproportionatelylimited.TheAssemblycandecidehowmoneyfromWestminsterortheEuropeanUnionisspent.Itcannot,unlikeitscounterpartinEdinburgh,enactlaws.Butnowthatitishere,theWelsharegrowingtoliketheirAssembly.Manypeoplewouldlikeittohavemorepowers.Itsimportanceasfigureheadwillgrowwiththeopeningin2003,ofanewdebatingchamber,oneofmanynewbuildingsthataretransformingCardifffromadecayingseaportintoaBaltimore-stylewaterfrontcity.MeanwhileagrantofnearlytwomilliondollarsfromtheEuropeanUnionwilltacklepoverty.WalesisoneofthepoorestregionsinWesternEurope—onlySpain,Portugal,andGreecehavealowerstandardofliving.

NewspapersandmagazinesarefilledwithstoriesaboutgreatWelshmenandwomen,boostingself-esteem.TofamiliarfacessuchasDylanThomasandRichardBurtonhavebeenaddednewiconssuchasCatherineZeta-Jones,themoviestar,andBrynTerfel,theoperasinger.Indigenousfoodslikesaltmarshlambareinvogue.AndWalesnowboastsanationalairline.AwyrCymru.Cymru,whichmeans“l(fā)andofcompatriots,”istheWelshnameforWales.Thereddragon,thenation’ssymbolsincethetimeofKingArthur,iseverywhere—onT-shirts,rugbyjerseysandevencellphonecovers.

“UntilveryrecenttimesmostWelshpeoplehadthisfeelingofbeingsecond-classcitizens,”saidDyfanJones,an18-year-oldstudent.Itwasawarmsummernight,andIwassittingonthegrasswithagroupofyoungpeopleinLlanelli,anindustrialtowninthesouth,outsidetherockmusicvenueoftheNationalEisteddfod,Wales’sannualculturalfestival.ThedisusedfactoryinfrontofusechoedtothesoundsofnewWelshbands.“Therewasalmostagenetictendencyforlackofconfidence,”Dyfancontinued.EquallycomfortableinhisWelshnessasinhismembershipintheEnglish-speaking,globalyouthcultureandthenewfederalEurope,Dyfan,liketherestofhisgeneration,isgrowingupwithasenseofpossibilityunimaginabletenyearsago.“Weusedtothink.Wecan’tdoanything,we’reonlyWelsh.NowIthinkthat’schanging.”

1.Accordingtothepassage,devolutionwasmainlymeantto______.

2.Theword“centrifugal”inthesecondparagraphmeans______.

3.WalesisdifferentfromScotlandinallthefollowingaspectsEXCEPT______.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcitedasanexampleoftheresurgenceofWelshnationalidentity?

5.AccordingtoDyfanJoneswhathaschangedis______.

問題1選項

A.maintainthepresentstatusamongthenations

B.reducelegislativepowersofEngland

C.createabetterstateofequalityamongthenations

D.grantmoresaytoallthenationsintheunion

問題2選項

A.separatist

B.conventional

C.feudal

D.political

問題3選項

A.people’sdesirefordevolution

B.locals’turnoutforthevoting

C.powersofthelegislativebody

D.statusofthenationallanguage

問題4選項

A.Welshhaswitnessedarevivalasanationallanguage.

B.Poverty-relieffundshavecomefromtheEuropeanUnion.

C.AWelshnationalairlineiscurrentlyinoperation.

D.Thenationalsymbolhasbecomeafamiliarsight.

問題5

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