考研考博-英語(yǔ)-大連楓葉職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-大連楓葉職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.填空題

Chongqing（1）tobepartofSichuan,butitwas（2）fromtheprovincein1997andmade（3）self-governingmunicipality.Thenewpoliticalunithasapopulation（4）about33millionpeople,butonly7.5millionofthemliveintheurbanarea.The（5）ofthemliveinthenearbydistrictsthatarepartofthemunicipality.

【答案】1.used

2.separated

3.a

4.of

5.rest

【解析】1.固定搭配。usedtobe曾經(jīng)是。

2.固定搭配。beseparatedfrom與……分離

3.語(yǔ)法分析。此處填不定冠詞a,表示“一個(gè)”。

4.語(yǔ)義題。Hasapopulationof后面接具體人數(shù)表示“有…人”。

5.語(yǔ)義題。Rest其余的。

2.單選題

Forthelast20yearsorsothesubjectofglobalwarminghas（）heateddebateamongtheworld’sbrightestminds.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.spawned

B.injected

C.modeled

D.moved

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在過(guò)去20年左右的時(shí)間里，全球變暖這個(gè)話題在全球最聰明的頭腦中引發(fā)了激烈的辯論。只有選項(xiàng)A有引起的意思，所以正確。

3.單選題

Insomeculturestheessenceofmagicisitstraditionalintegrity;itcanbeefficientonlyifithasbeen（）withoutlossfromprimevaltimestothepresentpractitioner.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.aggrandized

B.realized

C.transmitted

D.manipulated

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：在某些文化中魔術(shù)的本質(zhì)是其傳統(tǒng)的完整性；只有當(dāng)它從遠(yuǎn)古時(shí)代毫發(fā)無(wú)損地

到今天的從業(yè)人員手中時(shí)它才是有效的。

aggrandized夸大；realized實(shí)現(xiàn)；transmitted傳輸，傳送；manipulated操作。選項(xiàng)C“傳輸，傳送”符合句意，在此意為“傳承”。

4.單選題

“Thereisasenselessnotionthatchildrengrowupandleavehomewhenthey’re18,andthetruthisfarfromthatsayssociologistLarryBumpassoftheUniversityofWisconsin.Todayunexpectednumbersofyoungadultsarelivingwiththeirparents.“Thereisamajorshiftinthemiddleclass,”declaressociologistAllanSchnaibergofNorthwesternUniversity,whoseson,19,movedbackinafteranabsenceofeightmouths.

Analystsciteavarietyofreasonsforthisreturntothenest.Themarriageageisrising,conditionthatmakeshomeanditspleasantnessparticularlyattractivetoyoungpeople.Ahighdivorcerateandadecliningremarriageratearesendingeconomicallypressedandemotionallyhurtsurvivorsbacktoparentalshelters.Forsome,theexpenseofanaway-from-homecollegeeducationhasbecomesoexcessivelygreatthatmanystudentsnowattendlocalschools.Evenaftergraduation,youngpeoplefindtheirwingsclippedbyskyrocketinghousingcosts.

Livingathome,saysKinghton,aschoolteacher,continuestogivehersecurityandmoralsupport.Hermotheragreed,“It’sridiculousforthekidstopayallthatmoneyforrent.Itmakesenseforkidstostayathome.”Butsharingthefamilyhomerequiresadjustmentsforall.Theyarethehasslesoverbathrooms,telephonesandprivacy.Somefamilieshowever,managethedelicatebalancingact.Butforothers,itprovestoodifficult.MichelleDelTurco,24,hasbeenhomethreetimes-andleftthreetimes.“WhatIconsideredasocialdrink,mydadconsideredanalcoholProblem,”sheexplains.“HeneverlikedanyoneIdated,soeitherhadtohideawayormeetthematfriends9house.”

Justhowlongshouldadultchildrenlivewiththeirparentsbeforemovingon?Mostpsychologistsfeellengthyhomecomingsareamistake.Childrenstrugglingtoestablishseparateidentities,canendupwith“asenseofinadequacy,defeatandfailure.”Andagingparents,whoshouldbeenjoyingsomefinancialandpersonalfreedomthemselvesstuckresponsibilities.Manyagreethatbriefvisits,however,canworkbeneficially.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,therewasonceatrendintheU.S.（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotaccountforyoungadultsreturningtothenest（

）.

3.Oneofthedisadvantagesofyoungadultsreturningtostaywiththeirparentsisthat（

）

4.Theword“hassles”inthepassage（Para3.Line4）probablymeans（

）.

5.Accordingtothepassagewhatisthebestforbothparentsandchildren?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.foryoungadultstoleavetheirparentscanliveindependently

B.formiddleclassyoungadultstostaywiththeirparents

C.formarriedyoungadultstomovebackhomeafteralengthyabsence

D.foryoungadultstogetjobsnearbyinordertolivewiththeirparents.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Youngadultsfindhousingcoststoohigh

B.Youngadultsarepsychologicallyandintellectuallyimmature

C.Youngadultsseekparentalcomfortandmoralsupport.

D.Quiteanumberofyoungadultsattendlocalschools

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.therewillinevitablybeinconveniencesineverydaylife

B.mostparentsfinditdifficulttokeepabiggerfamilygoing

C.theyoungadultstendtotheoverprotectedbytheirparents

D.publicopinionisagainstyoungadultsstayingwiththeirparents

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.agreements

B.worries

C.disadvantages

D.quarrels

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theyshouldadjustthemselvestosharingthefamilyexpense.

B.Childrenshouldleavetheirparentswhentheyaregrownup.

C.Adultchildrenshouldvisittheirparentsfromtimetotime.

D.Parentsshouldsupporttheiradultchildrenwhentheyareintrouble.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.文章第一段提到以前有一種錯(cuò)誤的觀點(diǎn)：孩子到了18歲就應(yīng)該離家獨(dú)立；有社會(huì)學(xué)家稱中產(chǎn)階級(jí)中這一觀念有著重大的轉(zhuǎn)變。由此可知，在以前的美國(guó)社會(huì)中，大多數(shù)成年的子女都會(huì)離開家庭獨(dú)立生活，所以選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.文章第二段提及年輕成年人返回家的原因：結(jié)婚年齡上升；離婚率上升和再婚率下降，使得情感受挫以及經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力大的人重新尋求父母的庇護(hù)；去離家遠(yuǎn)的大學(xué)上學(xué)花費(fèi)大，所以很多人都選擇當(dāng)?shù)氐拇髮W(xué)。選項(xiàng)A、C、D都在文章中提到了，所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.文章第三段提到年輕人與父母居住會(huì)造成生活上的一些不便，比如洗手間，電話和隱私的爭(zhēng)議等等，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.hassles所在的句子：Therearethehasslesoverbathrooms,telephonesandprivacy.由前后問(wèn)可知，這里講述的是年輕人與父母居住造成生活中的一些不便，所以hassles在這里有“爭(zhēng)論，爭(zhēng)吵”的意思，比如關(guān)于洗手間、電話和隱私的爭(zhēng)執(zhí)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.文章最后一段指出大多數(shù)心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為成年子女與父母一起生活對(duì)雙方都不好：子女本來(lái)想自我獨(dú)立，卻被挫敗；父母本應(yīng)該享受經(jīng)濟(jì)和個(gè)人自由，卻又被責(zé)任束縛。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.單選題

Questions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itmayputtoomuchpressureonteammembers.

B.Itmayharmthecultureoftoday’sworkplace.

C.Itmayhinderindividualcareeradvancement.

D.Itmayresultinunwillingnesstotakerisks.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theycanhardlygiveexpressiontotheiroriginalviews.

B.Theymayeventuallylosetheirconfidenceandcreativity.

C.Theycanbecomelessmotivatedtodoprojectsoftheirown.

D.Theymayfindithardtogettheircontributionsrecognized.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theycangetchancestoengageinresearch.

B.Theycanenlargetheirprofessionalcircle.

C.Theycancompletetheprojectmoreeasily.

D.Theycanmakethebestuseoftheirexpertise.25.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itmaypreventmakingatimelydecision.

B.Itmaycauselotsofargumentsinateam.

C.Itmaydepriveateamofbusinessopportunities.

D.Itmaygiverisetoalotofunnecessaryexpenses.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】RecordingThree

TodayI’dliketotalkaboutthedangersofbeingtoocollaborative.Beingagoodteamplayerisacentralskillinourmodernworkplace.Theabilitytoworkwellwithothersandcollaborateonprojectsisasought-afterabilityinnearlyeveryposition.However,[22]placingtoomuchemphasisonbeingagoodteamplayercannegativelyaffectyourcareergrowth.

Don’tbeoverlyfocusedongainingconsensus.Don’tbetooconcernedwiththeopinionsofothers.Thiscanhinderyourabilitytomakedecisions,speakupandgainrecognitionforyourindividualskillsandstrengths.

Somepeoplearetoosubordinatetoothers’opinions,toofocusedondecisionconsensus,toosilentabouttheirownpointofview,tooagreeabletotakethingsonwhentheydon’thavetimeorenergy.Thisleadstobuildingabrandofunderconfident,submissive,low-impactnon-leadersandhampersthen-growthandcareeradvancement.

[23]Collaborationcertainlymakesyourindividualcompetenciesandcontributionsmoredifficultforoutsiderstoidentify.Collaborativeprojectsmeanyou’resharingthespotlightwithothers.Outsidersmaythenfinditdifficulttodetermineyourcontributionsandstrengths.Thismayendupcostingyouopportunitiesforpromotionsorpayraises.Youcertainlyshouldn’tditchteamwork,buthowcanyouavoidthehazardsofbeinganover-collaborator?

Workinginateamcanhavehugebenefits.Yourteammayhaverepeatedsuccessesandoftengainrecognition,[24]youthenhavemoreopportunitiestoexpandyourprofessionalnetworkthanifyouworkedalone.However,findingabalancebetweenteameffortsandindividualprojectsthatgiveyouindependentrecognitionisimportantformakinganameforyourselfandprovidingopportunitiesforadvancement.

Beselectiveinwhoyouworkwith.Thiswillmaximizethebenefitsandminimizethedownsidesofbeingateamplayer.Collaboratewithpeoplewhohavecomplementaryexpertise.Selectprojectswherethere’spotentialformutualbenefit.Perhapsyou’rebringingyouruniqueknowledgeandgainingaccesstosomeoneelse’sprofessionalnetwork.Ormaybeyou’reabletolearnanewskillbyworkingwithsomeone.Seekoutyourteammatespurposefullyratherthanjumpingoneverynewgroupprojectopportunity.

Whenwe’retoocollaborative,wewanteveryonetoagreewithadecisionbeforeweproceed.[25]Thiscancreateunnecessarydelaysasyouholdmeetingstryingtoachieveconsensus.It’sfinetobecollaborativewhenseekinginput,butputadeadlineontheinputstageandarriveatadecision,evenifit’sadecisionthatdoesn’thaveconsensus.

22.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutbeingovercollaborative?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)的是錄音中給出的關(guān)于過(guò)度合作的信息。錄音開頭提到過(guò)于強(qiáng)調(diào)成為一個(gè)好的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員會(huì)對(duì)職業(yè)發(fā)展產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響，這里placingtoomuchemphasisonbeingagoodteamplayer即問(wèn)題中所說(shuō)的beingovercollaborative,因此C選項(xiàng)“可能阻礙個(gè)人職業(yè)發(fā)展”符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“它可能給團(tuán)隊(duì)成員帶來(lái)太大壓力”；B選項(xiàng)“它可能會(huì)損害當(dāng)今的職場(chǎng)文化”和D選項(xiàng)“它可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們不愿意冒險(xiǎn)”在錄音中均未提及。

23.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutpeopleengagedincollaborativeprojects?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)關(guān)于參與合作項(xiàng)目的人，說(shuō)話者說(shuō)了什么？錄音提到，合作會(huì)使個(gè)人能力和個(gè)人貢獻(xiàn)更難被外人發(fā)現(xiàn)（makesyourindividualcompetenciesandcontributionsmoredifficultforoutsiderstoidentify）。D選項(xiàng)“他們可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的貢獻(xiàn)很難被識(shí)別出來(lái)”與之表述相符，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“他們幾乎不能表達(dá)他們?cè)瓉?lái)的觀點(diǎn)”，錄音說(shuō)的是“他們太過(guò)隱藏自己的觀點(diǎn)”（toosilentabouttheirownpointofview），因此A選項(xiàng)不正確；錄音中只是提到了underconfident（信心不足），并沒(méi)有提到“合作”對(duì)創(chuàng)造力和動(dòng)力的影響，因此B選項(xiàng)“他們最終可能會(huì)失去信心和創(chuàng)造力”和C選項(xiàng)“他們會(huì)變得更沒(méi)有動(dòng)力去做自己的項(xiàng)目”均不正確。

24.Howdopeoplebenefitfromworkinginateam?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)人們從團(tuán)隊(duì)合作中得到什么益處？錄音提到，在團(tuán)隊(duì)中工作有很大的好處——團(tuán)隊(duì)也許會(huì)多次獲得成功，并經(jīng)常獲得認(rèn)可，團(tuán)隊(duì)成員便有更多的機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)擴(kuò)大其職業(yè)關(guān)系網(wǎng)（expandyourprofessionalnetwork），因此B選項(xiàng)“他們可以擴(kuò)大自己的職業(yè)圈子”與之表述相符。A選項(xiàng)“他們可能有機(jī)會(huì)從事研究工作”這一信息在錄音中并未提及；C選項(xiàng)“他們可以更容易地完成項(xiàng)目”，錄音中沒(méi)有對(duì)比個(gè)人項(xiàng)目和團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目哪個(gè)更容易完成，因此可排除；D選項(xiàng)“他們可以充分利用自己的專業(yè)知識(shí)”，利用錄音中的expertise設(shè)置干擾，錄音中指的是與專業(yè)知識(shí)互補(bǔ)的人合作（Collaboratewithpeoplewhohavecomplementaryexpertise），而不是利用自己的專業(yè)知識(shí)，因此D選項(xiàng)也不正確。

25.Whyisitundesirabletospendtoomuchtimetryingtoreachconsensus?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)為什么花太多時(shí)間以求達(dá)成共識(shí)會(huì)令人討厭？錄音最后提到，當(dāng)我們過(guò)度合作時(shí)，會(huì)希望每個(gè)人都同意某個(gè)決定，而這會(huì)造成不必要的延誤（createunnecessarydelays），也就是說(shuō)“可能會(huì)妨礙我們及時(shí)做出決定”，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“可能會(huì)在團(tuán)隊(duì)中引起很多爭(zhēng)論”在錄音中未提及；C選項(xiàng)“可能剝奪團(tuán)隊(duì)的商業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)”，主要是利用錄音中的opportunitiesforadvancement（晉升機(jī)會(huì)）和groupprojectopportunity（團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目機(jī)會(huì)）設(shè)干擾，但這些不等同于C選項(xiàng)中的businessopportunities（商業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)），因此C選項(xiàng)不能選；D選項(xiàng)“可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生很多不必要的費(fèi)用”在錄音中也沒(méi)有信息提及。

6.單選題

Despitethesuspect’s（）tobeinnocent,thereiscompellingevidencethathewasinvolved.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.assertion

B.conviction

C.speculation

D.accusation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)assertion“斷言；主張；認(rèn)定”；B選項(xiàng)conviction“定罪；確信；堅(jiān)定的信仰”；C選項(xiàng)speculation“投機(jī)；推測(cè)；思索”；D選項(xiàng)accusation“控告；譴責(zé)”。句意：盡管嫌疑犯（）自己無(wú)辜，但他參與了此事證據(jù)確鑿。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，嫌疑犯assertion“斷言；主張；認(rèn)定”自己無(wú)辜比較合理。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

For150yearsscientistshavetriedtodeterminethesolarconstant,theamountofsolarenergythatreachestheEarth.Yet,eveninthemostcloud-freeregionsoftheplanet,thesolarconstantcannotbemeasuredprecisely.Gasmoleculesanddustparticlesintheatmosphereabsorbandscattersunlightandpreventsomewavelengthsofthelightfromeverreachingtheground.

Withtheadventofsatellites,however,scientistshavefinallybeenabletomeasuretheSun’soutputwithoutbeingimpededbytheEarth'satmosphere.SolarMax,asatellitefromtheNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA),hasbeenmeasuringtheSun'soutputsinceFebruary1980.Althoughamalfunctioninthesatellite’scontrolsystemlimiteditsobservationforafewyears,thesatellitewasrepairedinorbitbyastronautsfromthespaceshuttlein1984.max’sobservationsindicatethatsolarconstantisnotreallyconstantafterall.Thesatellite’sinstrumentshavedetectedfrequent,smallvariationintheSun’senergyoutput,generallyamountingtonomorethan0.05percentoftheSun'smeanenergyoutputandlastingfromafewdaystoafewweeks.ScientistsbelievethesefluctuationscoincidewiththeappearanceanddisappearanceoflargegroupsofsunspotsontheSun’sdisk.SunspotsarerelativelydarkregionsontheSun'ssurfacethathavestrongmagneticfieldsandatemperatureabout2,000degreesFahrenheitcoolerthantherestoftheSun'ssurface.Particularlylargefluctuationsinthesolarconstanthavecoincidedwithsightingsoflargesunspotgroups.In1980,forexample,SolarMax’sinstrumentsregistereda0.3percentdropinthesolarenergyreachingtheEarth.Atthattimeasunspotgroupcoveredabout0.6percentofthesolardisk,anarea20timesthantheEarth'ssurface.

Long-termvariationsinthesolarconstantaremoredifficulttodetermine.AlthoughSolarMax'sdatahaveindicatedaslowandsteadydeclineintheSun'soutput,somescientistshavethoughtthatthesatellite'sagingdetectorsmighthavebecomelesssensitiveovertheyears,thusfalselyindicatingadropinthesolarconstant.Thispossibilitywasdismissed,however,bycomparingSolarMax'sobservationswithdatafromasimilarinstrumentoperatingonNASA’sNimbus7weathersatellitesince1978.

1.Whyisitnotpossibletomeasurethesolarconstantaccuratelywithoutasatellite?

2.WhydidscientiststhinkthatSolarMaxmightbegivingunreliableinformation?

3.Theattempttodescribethesolarconstantcanbestbedescribedas（

）.

4.Whatdoesthispassagemainlydiscuss?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheEarthistoofarfromtheSun.

B.SomeareasonEarthreceivemoresolarenergythanothers.

C.Thereisnotenoughsunlightduringtheday.

D.TheEarth’satmosphereinterfereswiththesunlight.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.SolarMaxdidnotworkforthefirstfewyears.

B.ThespaceshuttlecouldnotfixSolarMax'sinstruments.

C.SolarMax'sinstrumentsweregettingold.

D.Nimbus7interferedwithSolarMax’sdetectors.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.ongoingresearcheffort

B.anissuethathasbeenresolved

C.aquestionthatcanneverbeanswered

D.historicallyinteresting,butirrelevanttocontemporaryconcerns

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thelaunchingofaweathersatellite.

B.ThecomponentsoftheEarth'satmosphere.

C.Themeasurementofvariationsinthesolarconstant.

D.Theinteractionofsunlightandairpollution.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到“Gasmoleculesanddustparticlesintheatmosphereabsorbandscattersunlightandpreventsomewavelengthsofthelightfromeverreachingtheground.大氣中的氣體分子和塵埃粒子吸收和散射陽(yáng)光，阻止某些波長(zhǎng)的光到達(dá)地面。”可知D項(xiàng)“地球的大氣層干擾陽(yáng)光?！狈项}意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由本文的最后一段，“AlthoughSolarMax'sdatahaveindicatedaslowandsteadydeclineintheSun'soutput,somescientistshavethoughtthatthesatellite'sagingdetectorsmighthavebecomelesssensitiveovertheyears,thusfalselyindicatingadropinthesolarconstant.盡管SolarMax的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，太陽(yáng)的產(chǎn)出在緩慢而穩(wěn)定地下降，但一些科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，隨著時(shí)間的推移，衛(wèi)星上老化的探測(cè)器可能變得不那么敏感，從而錯(cuò)誤地顯示出太陽(yáng)常數(shù)的下降?！毙l(wèi)星探測(cè)器由于歷經(jīng)時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)，對(duì)太陽(yáng)常數(shù)的敏感度有所下降?？芍狢項(xiàng)“SolarMax的探測(cè)器變老舊了”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。由文章最后一段第一句“Long-termvariationsinthesolarconstantaremoredifficulttodetermine.太陽(yáng)常數(shù)的長(zhǎng)期變化更難確定?！笨芍獙?duì)太陽(yáng)常數(shù)測(cè)量的嘗試被認(rèn)為是持續(xù)的一種研究過(guò)程，因此科研人員想要測(cè)量太陽(yáng)常數(shù)的努力還需要繼續(xù)。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.主旨大意題。本篇文章作者主要闡述的是在科學(xué)家研發(fā)出太陽(yáng)衛(wèi)星后，可以對(duì)太陽(yáng)常數(shù)的恒量測(cè)出比較精確的值，但是測(cè)量的過(guò)程中有其他外界因素的干擾，從而導(dǎo)致測(cè)量結(jié)果不是那么準(zhǔn)確?？芍狢項(xiàng)“測(cè)量太陽(yáng)常數(shù)的變化”正確。

8.單選題

Parentsoftenfacedthe（）betweendoingwhattheyfeltwasgoodforthedevelopmentofthechildandwhattheycouldstandbywayofundisciplinednoiseanddestructiveness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.paradox

B.junction

C.premise

D.dilemma

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。paradox“似是而非的論點(diǎn)”；junction“連接”；premise“前提，假設(shè)”；dilemma“進(jìn)退兩難”。題干中提及家長(zhǎng)在面對(duì)孩子教育上有兩種選擇，讓他們難以抉擇，陷入兩難。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

9.單選題

Theskierswouldrather（

）throughthemountainsthangobybus.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.totravelbytrain

B.traveledbytrain

C.travelbytrain

D.travelingbytrain

【答案】C

【解析】句意:這些滑雪者寧可坐火車穿越群山而不愿意坐公交。

考查固定搭配。wouldratherdosth.寧愿、寧可、最好…。

10.單選題

Huntingisthoughttobe（）fortheextinctionofsomewildlife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.responsible

B.blamed

C.charged

D.denounced

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。responsible“負(fù)責(zé)任的”，詞組beresponsiblefor“承擔(dān)……責(zé)任”，tobeblamefor“應(yīng)受責(zé)備”，bechargedwith“”被控告”，denounce“公然抨擊”，句意：野生動(dòng)物滅絕的原因應(yīng)該歸咎于狩獵。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

11.單選題

______designedtohelppoorAfricanconsumers,thebeefprogramisreallyaimedathelpingrichEuropeanfarmers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ostensibly

B.Constantly

C.Ultimately

D.Furtively

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A項(xiàng)ostensibly“表面上，外表”，B項(xiàng)constantly“不斷地，時(shí)常地”，C項(xiàng)ultimately“最后，根本，基本上”，D項(xiàng)furtively“偷偷地，暗中地”。由thebeefprogramisreallyaimedathelpingrichEuropeanfarmers“牛肉項(xiàng)目實(shí)際上是為了幫助富有的歐洲農(nóng)民”可知，前后語(yǔ)義上是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，那么與really“實(shí)際上”相對(duì)的是ostensibly“表面上”。句意：這個(gè)牛肉項(xiàng)目表面上是為了幫助貧窮的非洲消費(fèi)者，實(shí)際上是為了幫助富裕的歐洲農(nóng)民。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Businessisimprovingbutmuchmorehardworkandcommonsensewillbe_______beforeanysubstantialprofitscanberealized.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.putupwith

B.calledfor

C.takenup

D.gonethrough

【答案】B

【解析】putupwith容忍;calledfor需要,要求;takenup拿起,占據(jù),開始從事;gonethrough經(jīng)歷。句意：生意正在好轉(zhuǎn),但要想獲得可觀的利潤(rùn),還需要做更多的工作和了解更多的常識(shí)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

13.單選題

Amagician’stalkcreatesa（）ofattentionsothatpeopledonotseehowhedoeshistricks.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.vacuum

B.concentration

C.division

D.diversion

【答案】D

【解析】vacuum真空；concentration集中；division區(qū)分；diversion轉(zhuǎn)移，分散注意力。句意：魔術(shù)師的談話轉(zhuǎn)移了人們的注意力，使人們看不見他是如何表演魔術(shù)的。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

14.翻譯題

Formostofhumanhistory,thedominantconcernsaboutenergyhavecenteredonthebenefitside.Inadequacyofenergyresourcesofthetechnologiesforharvesting,converting,anddistributingthoseresourceshasmeantinsufficientenergybenefitstohumanbeingsandhenceinconvenience,andconstraintsonitsgrowth.The1970’s，then,representedaturningpoint.Energywasseentobegettingcostlierinallrespects.Itbegantobebelievablethatexcessiveenergycostscouldposethreatsonaparwiththoseofinsufficientsupply.Italsobecamepossibletothinkthatexpandingsomeformsofenergysupplycouldcreatecostsexceedingthebenefits.

Thecrucialquestionatthebeginningofthe1990'siswhetherthetrendthatbeganinthe1970’swillprovetobetemporaryorpermanent.Istheeraofcheapenergyreallyover,orwillacombinationofnewresources,newtechnologyandchanginggeopoliticsbringitback?Onekeydeterminantoftheansweristhestaggeringscaleofenergydemandbroughtforthby100yearsofpopulationgrowthandindustrialdemand.

ExceptforthehugepoolofoilunderlyingtheMiddleEast,thecheapestoilandgasarealreadygone.Evenifafewmoregiantoilfieldsarediscovered,theywillmakelittledifferenceagainstconsumptionontoday’sscale.Oilandgaswillhavetocomeincreasingly,formostcountries,fromdeeperintheearthandfromimportswhosereliabilityandaffordabilitycannotbeguaranteed.

【答案】在人類歷史發(fā)展的長(zhǎng)河中，人們主要關(guān)心的是能源有利的一面。能源資源不足，或者為開采、加工和分配這些資源所需技術(shù)的不足，會(huì)影響能源為人類帶來(lái)的利益，同時(shí)意味著能源的增長(zhǎng)遭到干擾和限制。到了20世紀(jì)70年代，出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，能源多方成本所帶來(lái)的威脅已同能源供應(yīng)不足所產(chǎn)生的威脅不相上下。同時(shí)，也有人擔(dān)心，依靠擴(kuò)大能源資源增加供應(yīng)所需付出的代價(jià)，也許大于其所帶來(lái)的利益。

20世紀(jì)90年代初期人們關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)在于，這種始于70年代的能源發(fā)展趨勢(shì)是暫時(shí)的還是長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的。廉價(jià)能源時(shí)代真的一去不返，還是通過(guò)開發(fā)新能源、應(yīng)用新技術(shù)、改革地緣政治秩序等措施，有可能重登歷史舞臺(tái)？這個(gè)問(wèn)題的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵因素是過(guò)去100年以來(lái)因人口空前增長(zhǎng)帶來(lái)巨大的能源需求以及工業(yè)需求。

除了中東地區(qū)蘊(yùn)藏著巨大的石油資源以外，地球上廉價(jià)的油氣資源已經(jīng)不復(fù)存在。即使偶爾找到幾個(gè)大油田，同當(dāng)今巨大的能源消耗相比，也是杯水車薪。對(duì)于大多數(shù)國(guó)家來(lái)說(shuō)，資源越來(lái)越多地依賴于深層埋藏，越來(lái)越多地依賴進(jìn)口，且不說(shuō)進(jìn)口油氣資源的可靠性無(wú)法得到保障，其對(duì)于進(jìn)口國(guó)的購(gòu)買力也是一個(gè)考驗(yàn)。

15.單選題

Ourvisualperceptiondependsonthereceptionofenergyreflectingorradiatingfromthatwhichwewishtoperceive.Ifoureyescouldreceiveandmeasureinfinitelydelicatesensedata,wecouldperceivetheworldwithinfiniteprecision.Thenaturallimitsofoureyeshave,ofcourse,beenextendedbymechanicalinstruments;telescopesandmicroscopes,forexample,expandourcapabilitiesgreatly.Thereis,however,anultimatelimitbeyondwhichnoinstrumentcantakeus.Thislimitisimposedbyourinabilitytoreceivesensedatasmallerthanthoseconveyedbyanindividualquantumofenergy.Sincethesequantaarebelievedtobeinvisiblepackagesofenergyandsocannotbefurtherrefined,wereachapointbeyondwhichfurtherresolutionoftheworldisnotpossible.Itislikeadrawingachildmightmakebystickinginvisiblediscsofcolorontoacanvas.

Wemightthinkthatwecouldavoidthislimitationbyusingquantawithextremelylongwavelengths:suchquantawouldbesufficientlysensitivetoconveyextremelydelicatesensedata.Andthesequantawouldbeuseful,aslongasweonlywantedtomeasureenergy,butacompletelyaccurateperceptionoftheworldwilldependalsoontheexactmeasurementofthelengthsandpositionsofwhatwewishtoperceive.Forthis,quantaofextremelylongwavelengthsareuseless.Tomeasurealengthaccuratelytowithinamillionthofaninch,wemusthaveameasuregraduateinmillionthsofaninch;ayardstickgraduatedininchesisuseless.Quantawithawavelengthofoneinchwouldbe,inasense,measuresthataregraduatedininches.Quantaofextremelylongwavelengthsareuselessinmeasuringanythingexceptextremelylargedimensions.

Despitethesedifficulties,quantahaveimportanttheoreticalimplicationsforphysics.Itusedtobesupposedthat,intheobservationofnature,theuniversecouldbedividedintotwodistinctpartsaperceivingsubjectandaperceivedobject.Inphysics,subjectandobjectweresupposedtobeentirelydistinct,sothatadescriptionofanypartoftheuniversewouldbeindependentoftheobserver.Thequantumtheory,however,suggestsotherwise,foreveryobservationinvolvesthepassageofacompletequantumfromtheobjecttothesubject,anditnowappearsthatthispassageconstitutesanimportantcouplingbetweenobserverandobserved.Wecannolongermakeasharpdivisionbetweenthetwoinanefforttoobservenatureobjectively.Suchanattemptatobjectivitywoulddistortthecrucialinterrelationshipofobserverandobservedaspartsofasinglewhole.But,evenforscientists,itisonlyintheworldofatomsthatthisnewdevelopmentmakesanyappreciabledifferenceintheexplanationofobservations.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto________.

2.Accordingtothepassage,quantawithanextremelylongwavelengthcannotbeusedtogivecompleteinformationaboutthephysicalworldbecausethey________.

3.Theauthorusestheanalogyofthechild’sdrawing(Para.1)primarilyinorderto________.

4.Theauthorimpliesthatmakingasharpdivisionbetweensubjectandobjectinphysicsis________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.discussaproblemthathinderspreciseperceptionoftheworld

B.pointouttheinadequaciesofacceptedunitsofmeasurement

C.compareandcontrastscientifichypothesesabouthowtheworldshouldbemeasuredandobserved

D.suggestthelimitedfunctionofsensoryobservation

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.existindependentlyofsensedata

B.haveaninsignificantamountofenergy

C.cannot,withpresent-dayinstruments,beisolatedfromquantaofshorterwavelength

D.provideaninsufficientlyprecisemeansofmeasuringlengthandposition

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.illustratetheultimatelimitationintheprecisionofsensedataconveyedbyquanta

B.showthesenseofhelplessnessscientistsfeelinthefaceofsignificantobservationalproblems

C.anticipatetheobjectionsofthosescientistswhobelievethatnoinstrumentalaidtoobservationisentirelyreliable

D.exemplifythesimilaritiesbetweenpackagesofenergyandvarietiesofcolor

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.possibleinameasurementofanobject’slengthandposition,butnotinameasurementofitsenergy

B.nolongeranentirelyaccuratewaytodescribeobservationoftheuniverse

C.stilltheoreticallypossibleinthesmall-scaleworldofatomsandelectrons

D.possibleinthecaseofobservationsinvolvingthepassageofacompletequantum

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】第1題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto________.本文的主要目的是________。

A.discussaproblemthathinderspreciseperceptionoftheworldA.討論妨礙準(zhǔn)確感知世界的問(wèn)題

B.pointouttheinadequaciesofacceptedunitsofmeasurementB.指出公認(rèn)計(jì)量單位的不足之處

C.compareandcontrastscientifichypothesesabouthowtheworldshouldbemeasuredandobservedC.比較和對(duì)照關(guān)于應(yīng)該如何測(cè)量和觀察世界的科學(xué)假設(shè)

D.suggestthelimitedfunctionofsensoryobservationD.表明感官觀察功能的有限

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】第一段提出視覺感知（visualperception）的極限在我們無(wú)法接收比單個(gè)量子能量傳遞的更小的感知數(shù)據(jù)，第二段提出科學(xué)家想到了一個(gè)辦法使用波長(zhǎng)極長(zhǎng)的量子（quantawithextremelylongwavelengths）也不能突破這種限制，第三段提出量子對(duì)物理學(xué)有重要的理論意義（importanttheoreticalimplications），也就是研究視覺感知而得來(lái)的啟示。綜上所述，本文在談?wù)撘曈X感知受到阻礙引發(fā)的一系列問(wèn)題，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“指出公認(rèn)計(jì)量單位的不足之處”：文章沒(méi)有提到計(jì)量單位，屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“比較和對(duì)照關(guān)于應(yīng)該如何測(cè)量和觀察世界的科學(xué)假設(shè)”和D選項(xiàng)“表明感官觀察功能的有限”：只是文章的部分內(nèi)容，不能概括全文，屬于以偏概全。

第2題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Accordingtothepassage,quantawithanextremelylongwavelengthcannotbeusedtogivecompleteinformationaboutthephysicalworldbecausethey________.根據(jù)本文，波長(zhǎng)極長(zhǎng)的量子不能用來(lái)提供關(guān)于物質(zhì)世界的完整信息，因?yàn)樗鼈僟_______。

A.existindependentlyofsensedataA.獨(dú)立于感官數(shù)據(jù)而存在

B.haveaninsignificantamountofenergyB.沒(méi)有足夠的能量

C.cannot,withpresent-dayinstruments,beisolatedfromquantaofshorterwavelengthC.用現(xiàn)在的儀器不能與較短波長(zhǎng)的量子隔離

D.provideaninsufficientlyprecisemeansofmeasuringlengthandpositionD.提供的測(cè)量長(zhǎng)度和位置的方法不夠精確

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中信息詞completeinformation定位到第二段第二、三句，該處講到“對(duì)世界的完全準(zhǔn)確的感知（completelyaccurateperceptionoftheworld）還取決于我們想要感知的東西的長(zhǎng)度和位置的精確測(cè)量（exactmeasurementofthelengthsandpositions）。因此（Forthis），波長(zhǎng)極長(zhǎng)的量子是無(wú)用的?！?，可知其原因是它們不能準(zhǔn)確測(cè)量長(zhǎng)度和位置，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“獨(dú)立于感官數(shù)據(jù)而存在”：文中沒(méi)有提到波長(zhǎng)極長(zhǎng)的量子獨(dú)立于感官數(shù)據(jù)，屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有足夠的能量”：文中沒(méi)有提到波長(zhǎng)極長(zhǎng)的量子能量不足，屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“用現(xiàn)在的儀器不能與較短波長(zhǎng)的量子隔離”：文中沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。

第3題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Theauthorusestheanalogyofthechild’sdrawing(Para.1)primarilyinorderto________.作者用孩子的畫作類比（第一段）主要是為了________。

A.illustratetheultimatelimitationintheprecisionofsensedataconveyedbyquantaA.說(shuō)明由量子傳遞的感官數(shù)據(jù)的精確度的極限限制

B.showthesenseofhelplessnessscientistsfeelinthefaceofsignificantobservationalproblemsB.顯示出科學(xué)家在面對(duì)重大觀察問(wèn)題時(shí)的無(wú)助感

C.anticipatetheobjectionsofthosescientistswhobelievethatnoinstrumentalaidtoobservationisentirelyreliableC.預(yù)測(cè)那些科學(xué)家的反對(duì)意見，他們認(rèn)為沒(méi)有任何儀器輔助的觀察完全可靠

D.exemplifythesimilaritiesbetweenpackagesofenergyandvarietiesofcolorD.舉例說(shuō)明能量包和各種顏色之間的相似性

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中出處提示詞Para.1和信息詞child’sdrawing定位到第一段最后一句，該處講到“這就像一個(gè)孩子畫……一樣（Itislike）”，結(jié)合該段倒數(shù)第二句，該處講到“這些量子不能被進(jìn)一步細(xì)化，我們達(dá)到了一個(gè)點(diǎn)，超過(guò)了這個(gè)點(diǎn)，對(duì)世界的進(jìn)一步解析就不可能了。”，可知child’sdrawing的例子是對(duì)該段倒數(shù)第二句觀點(diǎn)的佐證，也就是量子傳遞的感官數(shù)據(jù)的精確度有限制，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“顯示出科學(xué)家在面對(duì)重大觀察問(wèn)題時(shí)的無(wú)助感”：文中沒(méi)有提到科學(xué)家對(duì)此感覺很無(wú)力，屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“預(yù)測(cè)那些科學(xué)家的反對(duì)意見，他們認(rèn)為沒(méi)有任何儀器輔助的觀察完全可靠”：文中沒(méi)有提到科學(xué)家有反對(duì)意見，屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“舉例說(shuō)明能量包和各種顏色之間的相似性”：文中沒(méi)有提到能量包和顏色的聯(lián)系，屬于無(wú)中生有。

第4題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Theauthorimpliesthatmakingasharpdivisionbetweensubjectandobjectinphysicsis________.作者的意思是，在物理學(xué)中區(qū)分主體和客體的方法________。

A.possibleinameasurementofanobject’slengthandposition,butnotinameasurementofitsenergyA.在測(cè)量物體的長(zhǎng)度和位置時(shí)有可能，但在測(cè)量物體的能量時(shí)不能

B.nolongeranentirelyaccuratewaytodescribeobservationoftheuniverseB.不再能非常準(zhǔn)確地描述對(duì)宇宙的觀察

C.