Unit 8 Section A 知識(shí)講解和鞏固練習(xí)-人教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)上冊(cè)

Unit8SectionB【知識(shí)講解】Turnontheblender.打開(kāi)果汁機(jī)。【講解】turnon指打開(kāi)電視、收音機(jī)等電器的開(kāi)關(guān)，反義詞為turnoff;而open指把關(guān)著的門(mén)、窗、箱、盒打開(kāi)，反義詞為close.【練習(xí)】eg:It’stimeforustolistentothenews.Wouldyouplease________theTV?A.turnonB.turnoffC.turndowneg:thedoor,please.請(qǐng)打開(kāi)門(mén)。2.need:vt.需要【講解】①+名詞Ineedsomeyogurt.我需要一些酸奶。②+todosth.,表主動(dòng)，即主語(yǔ)人稱是need后面的動(dòng)詞所表示動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。如：Lucyneedstobuyabook.露西需要買(mǎi)一本書(shū)。主語(yǔ)Lucy是buy這個(gè)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。③+doingsth.,表被動(dòng)，即主語(yǔ)人稱是need后面的動(dòng)詞所表示動(dòng)作的承受著。如：Theroomneedscleaning.這個(gè)房間需要打掃。主語(yǔ)Theroom是動(dòng)詞clean動(dòng)作的承受者。【拓展】First,…next,…then,…afterthat,…finally,…3.Cutupthebananas.把香切碎。【講解】cutup切碎cutup相當(dāng)于opieces將...切成碎片"。cutup為"動(dòng)詞+副詞"型短語(yǔ),后接代詞時(shí),代詞必須放在cut和up中間。eg：I'mgoingtocutupthebeeffordumplings.Couldyouhelpmecutitup?我打算把牛肉切碎包餃子。幫我把它切碎好嗎?【拓展】與cut相關(guān)的短語(yǔ):cutout刪除cutoff切斷cutin插嘴cutdown砍倒eg:--Kangkang,couldyoutellmehowtocooknoodles?--OK.First,youshould______ham,cabbageandonionsfinely.AcutupB.cutdownC.cutoffD.cutin4.Then,addthecabbage,tomatoesandonionandcookforanother10minutes.然后,加入卷心菜、西紅柿和洋藏,再煮10分鐘。【講解】Another10minutes再10分鐘，"another+基數(shù)詞+名詞"表示"再……;又…",相當(dāng)于"基數(shù)詞+more+名詞"。其中another表示”另一;又一”another10minutes也可說(shuō)成10moreminuteseg:Westayedthereforanothertwomore在基數(shù)詞后。eg:days/twomoredays.我們?cè)谀莾河执藘商臁！揪毩?xí)】--Ms.Wang,I'mafraidIcan'tfinishtheworkintwodays.--Don'tworry.I'llgiveyou_____days.A.twoanotherB.twomoreC.moretwoD.twoman5.Doyouknowhowtoplantatree?你知道怎么種樹(shù)嗎?【講解】特殊疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式本句中howtoplantatree為"特殊疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式"結(jié)構(gòu),在句中作know的賓語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式常和what,which,who(m),where,when,how等連用,在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等。eg：Wheretolivehasnotyetbeendecided.住在哪里還沒(méi)有決定。(作主語(yǔ))Wemustknowwhattosayatthemeeting.我們必須知道在會(huì)上說(shuō)什么。(作賓語(yǔ))Theproblemiswhomtogowith.問(wèn)題是和誰(shuí)一起去。(作表語(yǔ))【語(yǔ)法講解】祈使句1.定義：祈使句是用來(lái)表示請(qǐng)求、命令、叮囑、邀請(qǐng)、勸告，警示或祝愿等的句子。2.特點(diǎn)：通常省略主語(yǔ)you,以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭，末尾可用句號(hào)或感嘆號(hào)。祈使句沒(méi)有疑問(wèn)句的形式，一般只有肯定和否定兩種形式。3.分類(lèi)：肯定和否定(一)三種肯定形式1）Be型祈使句，這種祈使句的常用結(jié)構(gòu)：be+形容詞/名詞Bequiet/quick!Beagoodstudent!Becarefulwhencrossingthestreet.2）Do型祈使句，這種祈使句的常用結(jié)構(gòu)為：動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ)（+其他）。Comein,please！Pleaseopenyourbooks！Putthemaway!3）let型祈使句，這種祈使句的常用結(jié)構(gòu)為：Let+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他。Lethimdoitbyhimself.Letmehelpyou.Let’sgotothepark.（二）四種常見(jiàn)否定形式（一般在動(dòng)詞上否定，也可以用否定副詞never來(lái)表示）1）be型：Don’tbe+其他成分（形容詞、名詞或介詞短語(yǔ)）Don’tbecareless!Neverbelateagainnexttime!注意：①在這種句型中，be不能省略②否定副詞not不可置于be之后2）do型：Don’t+動(dòng)詞原形+其他Don’tbelievehim!Don’tworry!Nevergiveup!3）Let引起的祈使句有兩種否定形式a.Let+賓語(yǔ)+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他Lethernotdothat.Let’snotthinkaboutit.It’sonlyawasteoftime.b.Don’t+let+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他Don’tletJimdothat.Don’tlethimgoswimming.4)在公共場(chǎng)合的提示語(yǔ)中，否定祈使句常用“No＋名詞/V-ing形式”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“禁止做某事”NOPHOTOS!禁止拍照！Noparking!禁止泊車(chē)！【鞏固練習(xí)】一、短語(yǔ)翻譯。

1.打開(kāi)/關(guān)上____2切碎_(kāi)_3給一只蘋(píng)果削皮____

4把...倒入___________

5放...進(jìn)去..._____6一杯酸奶_______

7兩勺蜂蜜______8一個(gè)西瓜______

9做水果沙拉____10香蕉奶昔____二、單選題。1.______meachanceandI'llbringyouasurprise.A.GiveB.GivingC.GivesD.Togive2.Lifeislikeajourney。____ahead,andyouwillseeamorebeautifulscenery(風(fēng)景)A.PlanB.ToplanC.PlanningD.Plans3._______onthegrass,oritwill"cry".A.TowalkB.NottowalkC.WalkD.Don'twalk4.--Sorryforbeinglateagain.--______hereontimenexttime,oryou'llbepunishedABeBBeingC.TobeD.Been5.--I'mthirsty,Mom.I'dlikesomethingtodrink.--Weonlyhavesome_______Inthefridge.A.orangesB.ice-creamC.juiceD.cheese6.Iamhungry.Butthereislittle____left.Ihavetogoandbuysome.AsandwichesB.potatoesCwaterD.bread7.Many____areplayinganactivepartinmakingKunmingacivilizedcity(文明城市)AmanB.womanCvolunteerD.volunteers8.Thethree_____upstairsaretoosmalltohaveenough_____foradouble.Aroom.roomB.room:roomsCrooms.roomDroomsrooms9.Ipaid￥10for______thismorningA.4bottlemilksB.4bottlesofmilkC.4bottlesofmilksD.4milk10.--Jenny,Ineedsomemilk.--OK.Mum.________doyouneed?A.HowmuchB.HowmanyC.HowoldD.Howfar11.Howdoyou_____aturkeysandwich？A.takeB.makeC.cookD.carry12.Look!Lindais______hotwaterintotheblender.

A.pourB.poursC.pouringD.topour

13.Ifyouwanttobe______,youshouldeatmorefruitandvegetables.

A.healthB.healthyC.healthyD.healthily

14.Turnontheblender______abouttwominutes.

A.forB.inC.toD.at

15._______bananasdoyouneed

A.HowB.HowmanyC.HowmuchD.What

16.Don’tforgetto______theblenderafterthethebananamilkshakeisready.

A.turnonB.turnoffC.openD.close

17._______thebananamilkshake,please.It’sverynice.

A.DrinkB.EatC.BringD.Make

18.--Howmanyorangesdoweneed

--Letme_______.Three.

A.thinkB.thinkofC.thinkoverD.thinkout

19.--Doyoulikelettuceinsandwich

--________

A.Yes,Iam.B.Yes,Ido.C.No,Ido.D.No,I’mnot.

20.--Howdoyoumakefruitsalad--______cutupthreebananasandawatermelon.Nextputtheminabowl.

A.FirstB.NextC.ThenD.Finally

21.Don’teattoomuch_______.Itcanmakeyouill.

A.vegetablesB.fruitC.meatD.junkfood

22.--_______doyoueatfruitandvegetables

--Everyday.

A.HowB.HowoftenC.WhatD.Where

23.It’seasy______abananamilkshake.Letmehelpyou.

A.doB.todoC.makeD.tomake

三、完成句子。

1.________ontheblenderforabouttwominutes.

2.Cut_______thebananas.

3.Pourtheyogurt_______theblender.

4.Weneedtwospoons________honey.

5.__________________yogurtdoyouneed

6._________________bananasdoyouneed

7.Weboughttwos________formakingabananamilkshake.

8.--Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake

--F__________,p_________thebananasandc_______upthebananas

N_________,p__________thebananasintheblender.

T_________,p__________themilkintotheblenderandt______ontheblender.

F_________,pourthemilkshakei_______aglassanddrinkit.

Oh,remembertot____________theblender.四、用所給的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Howmany______(dictionary)doyouhave?2.Ihavethree_______(watch).3.Therearesome_______(orange)onthetable.4.Ilike_______(tomato)and_______(chicken).5.Howmuch_______(honey)doweneed?五、補(bǔ)全對(duì)話。A:Let’smakeapearshake.B:___________Whatdoweneed?A:____________Cutuptwopears,andpourtwocupsofmilkintotheblender.Bytheway,_____________B:IlikeitverymuchA:OK,addacupofyogurt.B:Whatelsedoweneed?A:Well.Ifyoulikelemon,_____________That’sall.B:_________________A:Sure,wecandrinkitsoon.putinateaspoonLetmethink.C.doyoulikeyogurtD.Goodidea.E.MayIturnontheblender?六、閱讀理解。

Mikeis15yearsoldandRoseis13yearsold.Onedaytheywenttoseethedoctor.Becausetheyhadbadcoldsandcoughedterribly.Afterchecking,thedoctorgavethemtwobottlesofmedicinetotake.Therearethewordsonthemarkofthebottles：

Attention：1．Shakewellbeforeuse.2．Takethreetimesdailyaftermeals.3．Dose(用量)：adults(成人)andchildrenover15:2teaspoonfulschildren8－14:1teaspoonfulchildren3－7:1/2teaspoonful4．Notforchildrenbelowtheageof3.5．Storeinacoldplace.6．Usebefore