高考英語 名詞性從句 復(fù)習(xí)課件

RevisionNoun-Clauses名詞性從句復(fù)習(xí)Period1

說出劃線部分在句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞帧?.Theplanhasnotbeenmade.

2.Whetherhewillgoabroadhasnotbeen

decided.3.Iamexpectinghisarrival.

4.Iexpectthathewillcome.

5.Themostimportantthingisattention.6.Themostimportantthingisthatwemustpayattentiontostudy.7Thefamousactress,ZhangZiyi,willcometoourcity.

8.ThenewsthatZhangziyiwillcometoourcitysurprisedus.主語主語賓語賓語表語表語

同位語同位語

Whathesaidsurprisesme.

I’msurprisedatwhathesaid.I’mnotsure

whathesaid.Thatis

whathesaid.HetoldusthenewsthathewasleavingforAmerica.主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句名詞性從句賓語從句1.概念在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞從句(NounClauses）。名詞從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組,它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等,因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能,名詞從句又可分別稱為主語從句(SubjectClause)、賓語從句(ObjectClause)、表語從句(PredicativeClause)和同位語從句(AppositiveClause)。名詞性從句

1.Whetherhewillgoabroadhasnotbeen

decided.2.Iexpectthathewillcome.

3.Themostimportantthingisthatwemustpayattentiontostudy.4.ThenewsthatZhangziyiwillcometoourcitysurprisedus.主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句名詞性從句一般而言，主語從句常在句首；賓語從句常在動詞、介詞和形容詞后；表語從句位于系動詞后而同位語從句往往放在抽象名詞后。一、考點(diǎn)透視1.名詞性從句屬于英語中三大從句之一，也是許多學(xué)生感覺難度最大的一個(gè)，理所當(dāng)然成為了高考必考考點(diǎn)之一。同時(shí)從句掌握的好壞能反映出學(xué)生英語綜合能力的情況。2.考查重點(diǎn)是性質(zhì)不同從句的辨析問題以及引導(dǎo)詞的選擇。3.賓語從句和主語從句是高考考查重點(diǎn)；引導(dǎo)詞what/that作答案的幾率最大。

II.名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞：連接詞：that、if、whether不作成分無意義2.連接代詞

：who、whom、whose、what、

which、whoever、whichever、whatever、whomever3.連接副詞：when、where、why、how“是否”作狀語有意義作成分有意義(1)連接連詞whether/ifthat(2)連接代詞who/whoeverwhomwhosewhat/whateverwhich(3)連接副詞whenwhywherehowasif,because(只用于表語從句）只起連接作用，不充當(dāng)從句中的任何成分。既起連接作用，又充當(dāng)從句的

主語、賓語、

表語或定語。既起連接作用，又充當(dāng)從句的狀語。名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞1.

Thathewillsucceediscertain.2.Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown.3.Whathesaidisnottrue.4.Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout.5.Whoevercomesiswelcome.6.Howwecanhelpthetwins

willbediscussedatthemeeting.7.Whenthey’llstarttheproject

hasnotbeendecidedyet.8.Itistruethattheearthisround.主語從句“It”isusedas

emptysubject形式主語為避免主語冗長,句子頭重腳輕,經(jīng)常用it作形式主語,主語從句放在后面作真正的主語.1.Itiscertainthathewillsucceed.2.Itisnotknownwhetherhewillgothere.3.Ithasnotbeendecidedyetwhenthey’llstarttheproject.

用it作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)(2)Itis＋名詞＋that從句Itisafactthat…Itisanhonorthat…Itisapitythat…(1)Itis＋形容詞＋that從句Itislikely/probablethat…Itisstrangethat…(3)Itis＋過去分詞＋從句Itissaid/reportedthat…Itisbelievedthat…(4)It＋不及物動詞＋從句Itseems/appearsthat…Ithappenedthat…很可能…奇怪的是…事實(shí)是……非常榮幸很可惜…據(jù)說/據(jù)報(bào)道…人們相信…

似乎…碰巧…

《成功英語》P116（1）

Itis+名詞+從句

Itisafactthat…

事實(shí)是……；

Itisgoodnewsthat…

……是好消息；

Itisaquestionthat…

……是個(gè)問題；（2）

Itis+形容詞+從句

Itisnecessarythat…有必要……；Itisclearthat…很明顯……；Itislikely/possible/probablethat…很可能……；

Itisobviousthat…顯而易見的是……

（3）

Itis+過去分詞+從句

Itissaidthat…

據(jù)說……；

Itisreportedthat…

據(jù)報(bào)道……；

Ithasbeenprovedthat…

已證明……；（4）

Itappears/seemsthat…似乎……；好像……

Ithappenedthat…碰巧……

1.Theyknow(that)thehabitwillkillthem.2.Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus.3.HeaskedhowmuchIpaidfortheviolin.4.Hemadeitcleartothepublicthathedidanimportantandnecessaryjob.5.Ifinditnecessarythatweshoulddothehomework.賓語從句賓語從句在句中充當(dāng)賓語成分（可以作謂語動詞、介詞、不定式等非謂語動詞的賓語）在find/make/think/feel/consider等詞后的賓語從句有名詞或形容詞作補(bǔ)語時(shí)，常用it作形式賓語，而將賓語從句后置（常為that引導(dǎo)）。

it作形式賓語的結(jié)構(gòu)動詞+it+賓補(bǔ)(adj./v-ed/n.)+that從句Ithinkitimportantthatweshouldkeepcalm.WefinditnecessarythatwepractiseEnglishdaily.Hemadeitclearthathewouldn'tagreetotheplan.

(2)like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/enjoy

+it+if或when從句?.it作形式賓語(1)make/find/feel/consider/think+it+adj/n（賓補(bǔ)）+that從句…/（forsb）todo…（真正的賓語）Ihateitwhenpeoplelaughatthedisabled.

dependonitthat…/relyonitthat...seetoitthat...takeitforgrantedthat...

a.他相信他的夢想總有一天會實(shí)現(xiàn)的.

Hebelieves__________________________________.

hisdreamwillcometruesomeday1.如果主句時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句謂可根據(jù)句意需要而選用任一種時(shí)態(tài).

賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)2.如果主句謂語是過去時(shí),從句謂語動詞用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài),但從句表達(dá)的是客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然規(guī)

律等時(shí)，從句謂語通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

b.老師告訴我們光是沿直線運(yùn)行的。

Theteachertoldus_________________________.lighttravelsinastraightline.1.Thequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.2.That’sbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.3.Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.4.That’swhyIwaslate.表語從句:在句中充當(dāng)表語成分，一般放在連系動詞之后.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語+系動詞+表語從句。That’swhatweshoulddo.That’swhyIwanttoseeyou.1.be,seem,look等動詞后均可跟表語從句Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.2.asif/though,because也可引導(dǎo)表語從句。Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.ItwasbecauseIgotuplate.他遲到的原因是因?yàn)樗麤]有趕上早班車。________________________________________________________________________Thereasonwhyhewaslateisthathedidn’tcatchtheearlybus.同位語從句在句中充當(dāng)同位語成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名詞（idea；belief；fact；truth；problem；news;promise等）后面，對名詞作進(jìn)一步解釋說明.1)Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.2)Wordcamethatthepresidenthimselfwascomingtoinspect(視察)them.3)SydneykepthispromisethathewouldalwaysdosomethinghecouldforLucietomakesureofherhappiness.同位語從句1.其后常接同位語從句的抽象名詞有news/word/fact/idea/promise/truth/chance/belief/doubt/fear/problem/question/report/suggestion/advice/thought/wonder/conclusion/information/story/evidence/possibility等。

不同于定語從句的修飾和限制作用，同位語從句用來補(bǔ)充說明名詞的具體內(nèi)容，其引導(dǎo)詞常為that，不作成分，但不能省略。如：Doyouknowthenewsthattheheadmasterisgoingtoretire？Doyouknowthenews（that）theheadmasterannouncedjustnow？

2.有時(shí)為了平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，同位語從句與其名詞常常分離。

如：

Wordcamethatthedrowningboyhadbeensaved.Heputforwardtheproblematthemeetingwhetherhisplancouldbeputintopractice.名詞性從句的語序1.Thephotographswillshowyou____．A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike2.Youcanhardlyimagine______whenheheardthenews.A.howhewasexcitedB.howwasheexcitedC.howexcitedhewasD.hewashowexcited★★在名詞性從句中,除了關(guān)聯(lián)詞要提到句首之外,一律要用陳述句語序3.Whattimedoyouthink__?willBestycomehereB.BestywillcomehereC.isBestycominghereD.canBestygethere★疑問詞+doyouthink/suggest/believe/suppose…+陳述語序備考指津1.名詞性從句的屬于歷年高考直接必考考點(diǎn)。所以平時(shí)要注意分析長句，

認(rèn)準(zhǔn)從句，并且寫作中要盡量多用從句。這樣才能真正掌握名詞性從句。2.高考直接考查形式是語法填空，主要是引導(dǎo)詞的填寫，而且歷年大多數(shù)題難度不大，主要考查句意的理解。因此只要認(rèn)識各個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞的含義基本就能正確解題。翻譯下列句子。1）據(jù)報(bào)道很多野生動物正處于滅絕的危險(xiǎn)中。(It’sreportedthat…)2）遺憾的是有些人還在無情地獵殺它們。(It’sapitythat…)3）毫無疑問野生動物的缺失會影響到人類。(Thereisnodoubtthatthelossof…)4）我們覺得政府有必要采取措施保護(hù)野生動物。(…thinkitnecessarythat…)HomeworkPeriod21）據(jù)報(bào)道很多野生動物正處于滅絕的危險(xiǎn)中。__________________________________________________________________________________2）遺憾的是有些人還在無情地獵殺它們。________________________________________________________________________________Itisreportedthatmanywildanimalsareindangerofdyingout.Itisapitythatsomepeoplearestillhuntingthemwithoutmercy.Revision3）毫無疑問野生動物的缺失會影響到人類。____________________________________________________________________________4)我們覺得政府有必要采取措施保護(hù)野生動物。____________________________________________________________________________Wethinkitnecessarythatthegovernmentshouldtakemeasurestoprotectwildanimals.Thereisnodoubtthatthelossofwildanimalswillaffecthumanrace.判斷下列名詞性從句。Itwasobviousthathedidn’tagreewithyou.Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.Thequestioniswhowillbethenextspeaker.Thenewsthathehadlandedonthemoonsurprisedus.Ibelieve(that)heishonest.Ithinkitimportantthatweshouldkeepcalm.主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句主語從句賓語從句Revision用適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞填空。Thenewboylookedattheteacherforafewsecondsandalltheotherstudentswondered_____theboywoulddo.（廣東）

what此處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句中do后缺少賓語，故由what引導(dǎo)。whatLead-inOneday，hecameupwithanidea_____hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.

（廣東）…whenIrealizedthatthevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundmewerearguingasto(關(guān)于)

______shouldhavethehonorofreceivingme

asaguestintheirhouse.（廣東）who引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，作asto的賓語，who在從句中作主語。thatwhothat引導(dǎo)的同位語從句，解釋說明anidea的具體內(nèi)容。一、考點(diǎn)透視

高考中對于名詞性從句的考查主要集中在引導(dǎo)詞的選擇上。所以對于引導(dǎo)詞的學(xué)習(xí)我們應(yīng)該注意：

1.認(rèn)識名詞性從句常見的引導(dǎo)詞，了解其在從句中的功能。

2.掌握一些常見引導(dǎo)詞的特殊意思和特殊的引導(dǎo)詞。

3.積累一些與名詞性從句相關(guān)的常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)。

名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞的功能與意義主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句動賓介賓That（無意，不作成分）不能省可省禁用不能省不能省whether/if（是否，不作成分）句首只用whetherwhether與ornot連用只能用whether只能用whether只能用whether代詞what：什么、……的，who/whom：誰；which：哪一個(gè)；whose：誰的副詞When：時(shí)間，where：地點(diǎn)，why：原因，how：方式（1）除了上述之外，還有wh-ever形式；（2）asif/becasue也可用來引導(dǎo)表語從句。Learningtime語法填空中名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞的選擇Ibelieve______mydreamwillcometruesomeday.2._______hesaidmakesmeangry.步驟一：找出名詞性從句步驟二：分析從句缺不缺成分步驟三：確定引導(dǎo)詞(that)WhatIbelieve______mydreamwillcometruesomeday.2._______hesaidmakesmeangry.★若不缺主語、賓語、表語、狀語，則考慮用連接連詞引導(dǎo);★若缺主語、賓語、表語，則考慮用連接代詞引導(dǎo);若缺狀語，則考慮用連接副詞引導(dǎo)ImprovingtimeDiscussthedifferencebetween:that;if/whether2.what/which3.who/whoever,what/whatever4.when/where/how/why5.NounClause/AttributiveClause(名詞性從句)(定語從句)1A)that1)

Thathesaidnothingmadeusangry.2)Shesaid(that)shewasgoingtostudyFrench._____引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)后面接完整的陳述句，且在從句中不作任何成分，只起連接作用，無意義，引導(dǎo)________時(shí)that可省略。that由你歸納賓語從句that用法：（1）無意思，在從句中不作成分,不能引導(dǎo)介詞后的賓語從句；（2）除引導(dǎo)單個(gè)賓語從句可以省略外，其余從句中不能省略；（3）?？疾槠湟龑?dǎo)動詞后的賓語從句、it作形式主語的主語從句和同位語從句中。B)whether/ifPleasetellmeif/whetheryou’llgotothepartytonight.2)Whetherthemeetingwillbegivenisaproblem.3)Theproblemiswhetherthemeetingwillbegiven.4)Ihavenoideawhetherthemeetingwillbegiven.5)Itdependson

whethershewillcome.6)Idon’tknowwhetherheislyingornot.7)Ididn’tknowwhethertolaughortocry.由你歸納if/whether引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，表疑問“_____”，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，兩者都可引導(dǎo)________，但________、________、_________和______后的賓語從句以及含有ornot、不定式的名詞性從句只能用_________引導(dǎo)。是否賓語從句主語從句表語從句同位語從句介詞whetherwhether/if用法：（1）意思為“是否”，在句中不作成分。（2）除引導(dǎo)動詞后賓語從句二者可以互換外，其余從句一般用whether。（3）whether常與or或ornot連用。

2.what/which1)What

hesaidmadeusangry.2)Weareworriedabout

whatareleftundone.3)Shantouisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)在從句中作__________________，且起連接作用，表疑問“______”或“所……”。由你歸納主語、表語、賓語什么what用法:（1）常翻譯為“什么”、“所……的”、“……的東西/樣子/事情”；（2）?？计湓趶木渲凶髦髡Z或賓語的用法。尤其是主語從句中考查頻率最大。（3）whatever的意思為“無論什么、任何事物”，沒有疑問含義。ThereareTherearemanybeautiesforZhuBajietochoosefrom,sohedidn’tknow_______onehecouldmarry.A.whatB.whoC.whichD.whom由你歸納______引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，表疑問“______”，一般有選擇范圍。which哪一個(gè)3.what/whatever,who/whoever

1)Whatweneedistime.2)Hedoeswhateversheaskshimtodo.3)Whowillbesenttoworktherehasn’tbeendecidedyet.4)Whoeverwillbesenttoworktherewillbegivenalargehouse.由你歸納what/whatever,who/whoever引導(dǎo)名詞性從句在從句中充當(dāng)_________________。whatever引導(dǎo)名詞性從句表示“_______________”，等于anythingthat…;who引導(dǎo)名詞性從句表疑問“_____”。whoever引導(dǎo)名詞性從句表示“_____________”，等于anyonewho…。一般說來，what/who等含特指意義，有疑問，而whatever/whoever等含泛指意義，無疑問。任何的……事任何……人主語、賓語、表語誰4.when/where/why/howThisiswhereheusedtolive.Doyouknowwhenthepartybegan?Itdoesn’tmatterwhytheyarereducingprice.Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.由你歸納when/where/how/why引導(dǎo)表疑問的名詞性從句，在從句中充當(dāng)________，它們分別表示_____________________________________狀語時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、方式其它引導(dǎo)詞根據(jù)意思選擇即可：副詞類：（1）when/how/where/why在從句中作相應(yīng)的狀語。其中的how除了“怎樣”，表示方式外，還可譯為“多么”，常用來修飾形容詞或副詞。（2）asif/though常用在look/seem之后；becasue一般只用在That’sbecasue中，表示原因。【典題】1.（湖南）Donotletanyfailuresdiscourageyou，foryoucannevertell______closeyoumaybetovictory.A.how B.that C.which D.where2.（安徽）Fromspace，theearthlooksblue.Thisis______aboutseventy-one

percentofitssurfaceiscoveredbywater.A.whyB.howC.becauseD.whether5.NounClause(名詞性從句)/AttributiveClause(定語從句)(1)Pleasetellmewhyhedidn'tattendthemeeting.(2)Pleasetellmethereasonwhyhedidn'tattendthemeeting.(3)Asisknowntoall,theearthtravelsaroundthesun.由連接代詞、連接副詞引導(dǎo)的___________充當(dāng)句中的主語、表語、賓語或是對同位語的補(bǔ)充說明；而_________則修飾前面的先行詞或指代整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容。名詞性從句定語從句由你歸納Thenewsthatyouheardisnottrue.Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegameistrue.1.第一句中youheard是修飾thenews;第二句中ourteamhaswonthegame是補(bǔ)充說明thenews到底是一個(gè)什么消息。2.第一句that在定語從句中充當(dāng)heard的賓語，是關(guān)系代詞；第二句that在同位語從句中不當(dāng)成分，是從屬連詞。3.Thesuggestionthatheshouldnotgothereisofgreatvalue.4.Thesuggestionthathemadeisofgreatvalue.5.Thefactthathewonthefirstplacecan’tbedenied.6.Thefactthathetoldmeexcitedme.同位語從句同位語從句定語從句定語從句

___________________等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句不含有疑問意義，whatever相當(dāng)于__________,whoever相當(dāng)于_________.____________等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句含有疑問意義。請你歸納

whoever,whateverwho,what考點(diǎn)5.what/whatever,who/whoeverWhowilltakethepositionisn’tdecided.Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished.anythingthatanyonewho(1)________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelight.

A.Anyone

B.Who

C.Whoever

D.Nomatterwho(2)________willgiveusatalkisunknowntousall.

A.Whoever

B.Who

C.Anyone

D.Nomatterwho主語從句常用句型：（Thereis）nodoubtthat……毫無疑問……（Itis）nowonderthat……難怪……Thereasonwhy……/for……isthat…………的原因是……AistoBwhatCistoD.A對B而言如同C對D。Thereisnopossibilty/chance/opportunitythat……做……是不可能的/沒有機(jī)會?！镜漕}】1.（北京）PartofthereasonCharlesDickenslovedhisownnovel，DavidCopperfield，was_______itwasrathercloselymodeledonhisownlife.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.whether2.（浙江）－Isthereanypossibility___youcouldpickmeupattheairport？－Noproblem.A.WhenB.that C.whetherD.whatPracticingtime一、用適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞填空1.Theresultis______wewonthegame.

2.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.

3._____isimportantisthatweletothersknowwecareaboutthem.4.Therearesomanykindsofdictionariesintheshop,Ican’tdecide_____oneIshouldbuy.5.Parentshavetimetothinkabout______theywanttosaybeforetheywrite.6.TomorrowisTom’sbirthday.Haveyougotanyidea________thepartyistobeheld?Whatthatwhatwhichif/whetherwhere7.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.8._______makethisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.9.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion__________theoldmanwillrecoversoon.10.Marywroteanarticleon________theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.11.Pleasetellme__________youarewaitingfor.12.__________wassaidheremustbekeptsecret.whetherwhetherWhatwhywho/whomWhatever13.Thehow-tobookcanbeofhelpto__________wantstodothejob.14.LeiFengwasalwaysthinkingof______hecouldhelpothers.15.Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas______wewerevisitingtheWaterPark.16.Thenews______Mr.LiwillbeournewEnglishteacheristrue.17.Thenews___________hetoldmeyesterdayistrue.howwhenthatthat/whichwhoever二、用名詞性從句完成下列句子。1.Thenew