輪機(jī)英語歷年真題45期

中華人民共和國(guó)海事局2008第1期海船船員適任統(tǒng)考試題(總第45期)科目：輪機(jī)英語試卷代號(hào)：805適用對(duì)象：無限/近洋航區(qū)3000KW及以上船舶二/三管輪（本試卷卷面總分100分，及格分為70分，考試時(shí)間為100分鐘）答題說明：請(qǐng)選擇一個(gè)最合適的答案，并將該答案按答題卡要求，在其相應(yīng)位置上用2B鉛筆涂黑。第1題至88題，每題1分，第89題至96題，每題分。一．單項(xiàng)選擇題1.Theseacidresiduesmustbepreventedfromenteringthecrankcase,otherwisethelubeoilwouldbe_________.A.contaminatedB.emulsifiedC.deterioratedD.oxidated2.Theratioofthebrakehorsepowertotheindicatedhorsepowerofadieselengineisits_________.A.thermalefficiencyB.mechanicalefficiencyC.brakethermalefficiencyD.volumetricefficiency3.Thecetanenumberofadieselfueloilindicatesits________.A.viscosityB.acidcontentC.heatingvalueD.ignitionquality4.Thegreatestturbulenceinadieselenginecylinderiscreatedbythe__________.A.shapeofthecombustionchamberB.fuelinjectionspraypatternC.cylindersweptvolumeD.degreeofpenetrationofthefueloildroplets5.Theprojectiononashaftdesignedtochangecircularmotionintoupanddownorbackandforemotioniscalled_________.A.wheelB.crankshaftC.runninggearD.cam6.AclearlyvisiblebenefitofRT-flexenginesistheir_________operationatallshipspeeds.Thisisachievedbythesuperiorcombustionperformance.A.shocklessB.smokelessC.novibrationD.noiseless7.Amainbearingconsistsoftwoshellswhicharesecuredbymeansofstudsand_________.A.tierodsB.throughboltsC.leadwiresD.bearingcaps8.Comparedtofour-stroke/cycleengines,two-stroke/cycledieselengineshavethedisadvantageof________.A.lesseventorqueB.highercylinderheadtemperaturesC.fewerpowerstrokesperrevolutionD.greaterweightsizerequirements9.________controlsthefueloiltemperatureinordertoprovideoilatthecorrectviscosityforcombustion.A.TheviscosityregulatorB.ThetemperaturecontrollerC.TheflowmeterD.Thepressureswitch10.Alubricantoftenhastoperformmanydutiesinanysituation,inadditiontoitsfundamentaljobof_________.A.resistingoxidationB.reducingfrictionC.promotingmovingspeedD.developinginertia11.Shaker,circulation,andsprayarethethreegeneralmethodsusedin__________.A.pre-injectionfueloiltreatmentB.lubeoilfiltrationC.lubeoilpurificationD.pistoncooling12.Whichofthedieselenginecomponentslistedincreasesairdensityandhelpstoimproveengineoperatingefficiency?A.ImpellerB.AirbottleC.AircoolerD.Exhaustdiffuser13.Eachcylinderhasonestartingvalvewhichisusuallyopenedbyairpressureandclosedby_______.A.nutsandboltsB.newjointsC.springforceD.sealingrings14.Whichofthelistedgovernorcharacteristicswillgreatlyaffecttheloadsharingrelationshipbetweenparalleleddieselgenerators?A.SensitivityB.PowerC.SpeeddroopD.Compensation15.Apyrometerisaninstrumentcommonlyusedtomeasure________.A.cylinderpressureB.flameintensityC.exhaustgastemperatureD.crankshaftaxialalignment16.Afterstartingadieselengine,whichofthelistedoperatingconditionsshouldbecheckedfirst?A.AirboxpressureB.LubeoilpressureC.ExhausttemperaturesD.Rawwaterpressure17.Ahightemperaturealarmor_________whichwillmeltisusedtoguardagainsttheexplosionofcompressorairpipelines.A.aflametrapB.areliefvalveC.afusibleplugD.aburstingcap18.Greatcareisdedicatedtotheremovalof________fromthescavengeair.A.gravityB.viscosityC.densityD.humidity19.Lubricationforthemainreductiongearsusedwithdieselenginesisusuallysuppliedby________.A.oilfromthemainenginesumpB.anindependentlubeoilsystemC.thesternbearingheadtankD.thesternbearingsumptank20.Themaximumpressuredevelopedbyawasteheatboilerisdeterminedbythemainengineexhaust________.A.gascompositionB.gastemperatureC.pressureD.timing21.The________isfittedinpair:oneisthemainvalve,theothertheauxiliaryorstandby.A.mainsteamstopvalveB.increasedfeed-waterconsumptionC.feedcheckorcontrolvalveD.blowdownvalve22.Impropermaintenanceofthefueloilburnersinanautomaticallyfiredauxiliaryboiler,couldresultin_______.A.increasedfuelconsumptionB.increasedfeed-waterconsumptionC.fuelpumpfailureD.combustioncontrolsystemfailure23.Burnerignitionfailureinanautomaticallyfiredauxiliaryboilerwouldbecausedby_________.A.aburneroutsolenoidintheoilsupplyvalveB.hightemperatureexcessairC.incorrectlysettingthehot-welldumpvalveD.anincorrectlypositionedburnersnubber(緩沖器)relay24.Watersidescaleinafire-tubeboilermaycause_________.A.increasedheattransferB.firesideerosionC.highsteamdemandDoverheatedtubes25.Throttlinginthe_________lineofacentrifugalpumpinvolvestheriskofthepumpcavitation.A.suctionB.exhaustC.pressureD.discharge.26.Centrifugalpumpscanbedesignedwithanumberofimpellers_________toattainahighfinaldeliverypressure.A.attwoendsofthesameshaftB.oppositeeachotherC.parallelD.inseries27.Beforedisconnectingajointinapipeline,youshould__________.A.determinethesizeofthegasketB.hangabucketunderthejointC.haveafirstaidkitonhandD.besurenopressureexistsintheline28.Tothoroughlypumpoutthebilgesusingahorizontallymountedcentrifugalpump,the_________.A.pumpmustalwaysbeprimedB.volutemustimpartaradialandrotarymotionofthewaterC.suctionsideconnectionmustguidetheliquidtothelanternringsD.stuffingboxshouldnotbeallowedanywaterleakage29.Whichofthelistedconditionscanleadtocavitationinacentrifugalpump?A.Vaporpocketsformedinthesuctionflowstream.B.Roughcasingvolutesurfaces.C.Wornwearingrings.D.Heavyfluidintheflowstream.30.Refrigerantenteringthecompressorofarefrigerationsystemshouldbeinwhichofthefollowingconditions?A.Sub-cooledliquidB.Sub-cooledvaporC.SuperheatedvaporD.Liquid31._________isthecirculationandrefreshingoftheairinaspacewithoutnecessarilyachangeoftemperature.A.RefrigerationB.AirconditioningC.VentilationD.Heating32.Inachilledwaterairconditioningunitusingareciprocatingcompressor,therefrigeratingeffecttheprimaryrefrigerantcanbeincreasedby_________.A.increasingrefrigerantpressureinthecoilB.increasingchilledwaterflowthroughthecoolerC.sub-coolingtherefrigerantinthecondenserD.superheatingtherefrigerantinthecompressor33.Ifaplasticfilminsulationbecomesdamagedinairconditioningsystem,_________mayformwithinthefilm.A.evaporationB.condensationC.liquefiesD.vaporization34.Theresistancetothemovementoftheglobuleinoilywatermixturedependsonitssizeandthe_________ofthefluid.A.pressureB.velocityC.gravityD.viscosity35.Becausetheflowrateofsupplywaterpumpistoolarge,oilywaterseparatordoesnotworkwell.Whichofthefollowingisnotthereason?A.themonitoringequipmentisoutoforderB.separatingeffectbecomesbadC.separatingeffectbecomesbadandinnerwalliscontaminatedD.innerwalliscontaminated36.Whichofthefollowingwouldnotbeburntinanincineratoronboard?A.wasteoilB.waterclothesC.oilragsD.plasticgarbage37.Concerningtheincinerator’soperation,whichofthefollowingisnotcorrect?A.scavengingtimeshouldbemorethan30secondsbeforeignitingB.theoiltemperatureofwasteoiltankis80~100C.firstignitingtheincineratorwithdieseloilwhenthetemperatureofhearthisabout600thewasteoilisdrawninD.theashfromincineratorcanbedumpedintoseanodistancelimitation38.________areusedtodigestforsewagetoproduceinnocuoussludgeinabiologicalsewagetreatmentplant.A.anaerobicbacteriaB.aerobicbacteriaC.airbubblesD.disinfectionchemicals39.Acentrifugearrangedtoseparatetwoliquidsisknownas________.A.anoilywaterseparatorB.apurifierC.acentrifugalcompressorD.aclarifier40.Acentrifugalfueloilpurifiershouldbeshutdownif___________.A.moresealingwaterisneededB.thecoverclampneedstighteningC.thepurifierhasabadvibrationwhenstartedD.waterisdischargedfromtheoverflowline41.Ifthebowlofadisktypecentrifugalpurifierwhenoperatedasaseparatorisnotprimed,the________.A.oilhasatendencytoemulsifyinthebowlB.purifierwillactasaclarifieratthedischargeringC.oilwillbelostthroughthewaterdischargeportsD.oilsolidswillbedepositedonlyattheintermediatetopdisk42.Inatwo-stageflash-typeevaporator,excessbrineinthefirststageautomaticallypasses________.A.directlytothesecondstagefeedheaterB.directlyoverboardthroughthebrinecoolerC.intothesecondstageflashevaporatorD.intothesecondstagevaporcondenser43.Inwhichoftheareaslistedwouldyouexpecttofindthehighestsaltconcentrationinaflashevaporator?A.DistillerairejectorcoolingmediumB.SaltwaterheaterdischargeC.First-stageinternalfeedboxD.Second-stageinternalfeedbox44.Hydraulicscontrolcheckvalvecanbeusedto__________inthemarinehydraulicmechanism.A.controlthebackpressureofreturnoilB.locktheoillinesundersomeconditionsC.permitoilflowwithreversaldirectionD.actasreliefvalve45.Thedeliveryrateofavariablestrokeaxialpistonhydraulicpumpiscontrolledbyvaryingthepositionofthe________.A.slideblockB.tiltingboxC.pintleD.reactionring46.Thecraneisusuallymountedonapedestaltoofferadequate_________totheoperator.A.timeB.spaceC.lengthD.visibility47.Whichproblemscanoccurifthebrakebandliningofawildcatbrakebecomesexcessivelyworn?A.Thedrivingenginewillover-speed.B.Theanchorwillimmediatelydrop.C.Theclutchwilloverheat.D.Thebrake’seffectivenesswillbereduced.48._________withvariousarrangementsofbarrelsaretheusualmooringequipmentusedonboardships.A.CranesB.WinchesC.CapstansD.Windlass49.Overheatingofahydraulicsystemmaybearesultof__________.A.changingpumpdischargepressureinresponsetonormalloadvariationsB.ahighoillevelC.incorrectfluidviscosityD.continuedslowre-circulationoftheoil50.Inthedesignofhydraulicpipingandequipmentconsiderationisgiventominimizingturbulenceinthehydraulicfluid,asthiswillcause_________.A.molecularfluidvibrationB.energylossesC.widepressurevariationD.mechanicaldamagetocontrolvalves51.Onefactorthatdeterminesthefrequencyofanalternatoristhe_________.A.numberofturnsofwireinthearmaturecoilB.numberofmagneticpolesC.strengthofthemagnetsusedD.outputvoltage52.Whatwillbethephaseanglerelationshipofasix-pole,three-phase,rotatingfieldgenerator?A.60B.120C.180D.36053.Toparallelanincomingmachinetoarunningmachinethereforeitisnecessarytoensurefirstlythat________.A.twofrequenciesmustbebroughtintophaseB.theincomingmachineacceptsasmallamountofloadC.therunningmachinemustbeunloadD.bothvoltagesareequal54.Thefrequencyofanalternatoriscontrolledfromthemainswitchboardbyadjustingthe________.A.frequencymeterB.voltageregulatorC.governorcontrolD.synchroscopeswitch55._________isprovidedtoalternators,intheeventofprimemoverfailuretoensurethatthealternatordoesnotactasamotor.A.ReversecurrentprotectionB.ReversepowerprotectionC.SynchronisingdeviceD.Frequencymete56.________isusedtocontrol,modulate,monitorandprotectgeneratorset.A.ControlpanelB.LoadpanelC.ParallelingpanelD.Busbar57.Whichofthelistedsectionsofanemergencyswitchboardisusedtosupplypowerforalarmsignalsunderemergencyconditions?A.ThegeneratorandbustransfersectionB.The450volt,60cycle,3phasebusC.The120volt,3phase,60cyclebusD.The24voltDCbus58.Thegroundterminalofastartershouldbeconnectedto________.A.thecommongroundpointB.thestarter’sframeC.thecommunicatorD.thestarter’smountingbolts59.Whichoftheelectricalpropertieslistedwillalwaysbethesameforeachcomponentinaparallelcircuit?A.ImpedanceB.CurrentC.ResistanceD.Voltage60.Inaseriescircuit,whichvalvewillremainunchangedatallplacesinthecircuit?A.VoltageB.CurrentC.ResistanceD.Inductance61.Inanalternatingcurrentelectricalsystem,alowsystempowerfactorisadirectsignof_________.A.wastedenergyB.efficientoperationC.ashortintheexciterfieldwindingsD.anexcessivenumberofminorsystemgrounds62.Accidentalgroundsinashipboardelectricalsystemmustberepairedassoonaspossibleastheywill_________.A.resultinimmediatepoweroutagesB.damagecircuitbreakersC.appearonthegrounddetectionsystemD.damageinsulationandmaycauseoutages63.Ifthemainenginestartingconsecutivelyfailed_______times,thecauseshouldbefoundandthetroubleeliminatedbeforenextstarting.A.2B.3C.4D.564.Thenormalcoloroftheexhaustgasofthedieselshouldbe__________.A.achromatismorthingrayB.thinwhiteC.sky-blueD.black65.After“finishedwithengine”,whichofthefollowingcannotbeshutoffbythedutyengineer?A.fuelvalveB.themainstartingvalveC.theseachestD.themainseawaterpumpinletvalve66.Beforetheseasgetrough,itisagoodsafetypracticeto__________.A.secureloosegearB.movequicklyabouttheshipC.increaselightingD.shutdownauxiliaryequipment67.Aclassic‘C’firewouldoccurin________.A.beddingB.pipeinsulationC.paintD.agenerator68.Themostlikelyplaceforafiretostartthroughtheprocessofspontaneouscombustionisin_________.A.anelectricalswitchboardB.thepressuretanksC.thefueloiltanksD.theoilyragbin69.Whichofthefireextinguisherslistedistobeweighedannuallyandsentashoreforrechargingiftheweightlossexceeds10%oftheweightofafullcharge?A.FoamB.SodaacidC.DrychemicalD.Carbondioxide70.Whichofthefollowingcomponentsprovidesadirectsourceofseawaterforthefiremainsystem?A.RoseboxB.SeachestC.SluicevalveD.Firepumpstuffingbox71.Whenadministeringartificialrespiration,itisoftheutmostimportanceto__________.A.usethemouth-to-mouthmethodB.clearairwaysC.userhythmicpressuremethodD.checktheinjuredperson’sheartbeat72.Obviously,foragivenfueloil,itspourpointis_________itscloudpoint.A.lowerthanB.higherthanC.assameasD.betterthan73.________,wheretheshipisdockedforhullcoatingrenewal,andforanyotherrequiredunderwaterworktobecarriedout,whentheopportunityistakentomakeotherrepairs.74.Whenthedockisrefilledwithwaterafterdockingrepair,thefirstworkwhichshouldbedonebyenginedepartmentis_________.A.ignitingauxiliaryboilerB.releasingairinseawatersystemC.startinggeneratorD.cutoffshorepower75.Thecorrecttighteningisobtainedbytheuseof________tomeasuretheextensiongiventothebolts.A.pressuregaugesB.thermometersC.stretchgaugesD.bridgegauges76.IntheOilRecordBook,acomprehensivelistofoperationalitemsaregroupedintooperationalsections.Eachsectioniscodifiedbya/an________.A.numberB.abbreviationC.letterD.number,abbreviationandletter77.UnderMARPOLCode,theshiptowhichitapplieshastocarry_________.A.anInternationalShipSecurityCertificateB.anInternationalOilPollutionPreventionCertificateC.aSafetyManagementCertificateD.anInternationalBallastWaterManagementCertificate78.Whichoneisnotthe‘cleargrounds’foramoredetailedinspection?A.themasterandthechiefengineerareunabletocommunicateeffectivelyB.seriouscorrosiononthehullC.damagedsanitarypumpD.onepagemissingintheoilrecordbook79.“Insufficiencyofmanningorinsufficiencyofcertificationofseafarers”isanidentificationofa__________.A.substandardshipB.standardshipC.over-standardshipD.referenceship80.STCW78/95Conventionshallapplytoseafarers_________onboardseagoingshipsentitledtoflytheflagofaParty.A.servedB.servingC.surveyedD.surveying81.Theofficerinchargeoftheengineering________thewatchtotherelievingofficerifthereisreasontobelievethatthelatterisobviouslynotcapableofcarryingoutthewatch-keepingdutieseffectively.A.shalltakeoverB.shallnottakeoverC.shallhandoverD.shallnothandover82.Whentheordergivenbybridgemayhavebadresults,thedutyengineershould________.A.informthecaptainforafurtherconsiderationB.informthecaptainandnotperformitC.stoptheM/Eimmediately,andtheninformthechiefengineerD.stoptheM/Eimmediately,andtheninformthecaptain83.Thescuppersshouldbeplugged__________.A.onlyiffixedcontainmentisnotusedB.onlyifportablecontainmentisnotusedC.onlyiffixedcontainmentdrainsareopenD.wheneverthevesselisbeingbunkered84.Ifitbecomesnecessarytopumpbilgeswhileavesselisinport,whichofthefollowingproceduresshouldbefollowed?A.Pumponlyifthedischargeisledtoashoretankorbarge.B.Pumponlyduringthehoursofdarkness.C.Pumponlyontheoutgoingtide.D.Pumponlyasmuchasisnecessary.85.TheSOLASconventionprescribesthatinthefirefightingdrillthedutyengineershouldstartthefirepumpandsupplydeckwaterin_______minutes.A.5B.3C.2D.186.AccordingtotheISMCode,the‘person’inthephrase‘todesignateapersonorpersonsashorehavingdirectaccesstothehighestlevelofmanagement’refersto___________.A.themanageroftheshippingcompanyB.themasteroftheshipC.thedesignatedpersononboardshipD.thedesignatedpersonashore87.Inordertostrengthenmaritimesecurityandpreventandsuppressactsofterrorismagainstshipping,anew,comprehensivesecurityregimeforinternationalshippingwassettoenterintoforceinJuly2004.Thenewregimeis_________.A.ISMCodeB.ISPSCodeC.FSSCodeD.IBCCode88.Inthevoyage,whencarryingoutabandonshipdrill,________shouldbetestedeverytime.A.theemergencylightingsystemformusterandabandonshipB.air/oilemergencyshut-downC.M.E.emergencyoperationD.main/auxiliarysteeringgearchanging二．關(guān)聯(lián)題（關(guān)聯(lián)題題干下有4個(gè)小題，每小題4個(gè)選項(xiàng)）第一組Scavengeportinspectionprovidesusefulinformationabouttheconditionofcylinders,pistonsandrings,atlowexpense.Theinspectionconsistsofvisuallyexaminingthepiston,theringsandthelowerpartofthecylinderliner,directlythroughthescavengeairports.Torescuetheriskofscavengeboxfire,removeanyoilsludgeandcarbondepositsinthescavengeairboxandreceiverinconnectionwiththeinspection.Theportinspectionshouldbecarriedoutatthefirststopafteralongvoyage,e.g.byanchoringifpossible,toobtainthemostreliableresultwithregardtotheeffectivenessandsufficiencyofthecylinderlubricationandthecombustioncycle(completeorincomplete).Amisleadingresultmaybeobtainediftheportinspectioniscarriedoutafterarrivalatharbor,sincemaneuveringtothequayandlow-loadrunning,e.g.riverorcanalpassage,requiresincreasedcylinderoildosage,i.e.thecylindersareexcessivelylubricated.Further,duringlowload,thecombustioncyclemightnotbeaseffectiveandcompleteasexpected,duettotheactualfueloilqualitiesandservice(running)conditionofthefuelinjectionequipment.Itishighlyrecommendedtotaketheinformationintoconsideration.89.Thecomponentsofanengineinvolvedinnormalscavengeportinspectioncomprise,__________.①thepiston②pistonrings③thelowerpartofthecylinderliner④thefuelinjectorA.①②B.①②③④C.②③D.①②③90.Ifthescavengeboxhadtoomuchoilsludgeandcarbondeposits,whatwouldoccur?A.excessivelycylinderoilconsumptionB.thescavengeboxfireC.thecrankcaseexplosionD.excessivewearofthecylinderliner91.Inordertoobtainthemostreliableresultwithregardtotheeffectivenessandsufficiencyofthecylinderlubricationandthecombustioncycle,whenshouldthescavengeportinspectionbecarriedout?A.atthefirststopafteralongvoyage,e.g.byanchoringifpossibleB.atthefirststopafterarrivalatharborC.atthefirststopafterlowloadrunningD.atthefirststopafterpassingriverorcasualpassage92.Underwhatconditionthatthescavengeportinspectioncangainamisleadingresult?①afterpassedthroughPanamaCanal②