2021年山西省太原市統(tǒng)招專(zhuān)升本英語(yǔ)第一輪測(cè)試卷(含答案)_第1頁(yè)
2021年山西省太原市統(tǒng)招專(zhuān)升本英語(yǔ)第一輪測(cè)試卷(含答案)_第2頁(yè)
2021年山西省太原市統(tǒng)招專(zhuān)升本英語(yǔ)第一輪測(cè)試卷(含答案)_第3頁(yè)
2021年山西省太原市統(tǒng)招專(zhuān)升本英語(yǔ)第一輪測(cè)試卷(含答案)_第4頁(yè)
2021年山西省太原市統(tǒng)招專(zhuān)升本英語(yǔ)第一輪測(cè)試卷(含答案)_第5頁(yè)
已閱讀5頁(yè),還剩12頁(yè)未讀 繼續(xù)免費(fèi)閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說(shuō)明:本文檔由用戶(hù)提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡(jiǎn)介

2021年山西省太原市統(tǒng)招專(zhuān)升本英語(yǔ)第一輪測(cè)試卷(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、單選題(20題)1.Itisduringhissparetime______Johnsonhasbeenstudyingacourseinhistory()

A.whenB.whichC.whatD.that

2.Thecostoftheproducts()to56,000dollars

A.reachesB.numbersC.amountsD.counts

3.Hecriticizedeverythingandeverybody,andeven_____hisfewfriends()

A.ranoverB.randownC.ranagainstD.raninto

4.Onlyinthiswayoutoftheplan()

A.youcantalkhim

B.canyoutalkhim

C.himyoucantalk

D.himcanyoutalk

5.Thestudentswereassigneddifferenttasksaccordingtotheir_____abilities()

A.respectfulB.respectableC.respectiveD.responsible

6.Withoutyou,Ihowtodealwiththistroublesmoothly()

A.wouldn'thaveknown

B.willnotknow

C.didn'tknow

D.don'tknow

7.Withoutyourkindnessandhelp,Isomuch()

A.don'tachieve

B.didn'tachieve

C.willnotachieve

D.wouldnothaveachieved

8.Thegrainoutputofthisyearismuchhigherthan_____oflastyear()

A.thatB.suchC.whichD.what

9.Bytheendoflastyear,nearlyamillioncars________inthatautofactory()

A.hadproduced

B.hadbeenproduced

C.wouldbeproduced

D.wereproduced

10.—I’msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.

—Ithinkso.Heforitformonths()

A.ispreparing

B.waspreparing

C.hadbeenpreparing

D.hasbeenpreparing

11.I______inuniversitywhenIam20yearsold()

A.amstudyingB.willstudyC.havestudiedD.willbestudying

12.Herpassionatevoicewasalwaysinfluentialand()

A.dullB.decisiveC.formalD.hesitant

13.Theoldmanhastwosons,arelawyers()

A.bothofthemB.bothofwhoC.bothofwhomD.bothofthey

14.Passengersshouldallowfortraveltimetotheairportinrushhourtraffic()

A.actualB.exactC.additionalD.accurate

15.leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights()

A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who

16.Hethoughtabouttheproblemoverandover,andsuddenlyagoodidea______tohim()

A.enteredB.occurredC.happenedD.hit

17.()allherfriendsandmoneygone,Katefelttotallyhopeless

A.BecauseB.AsC.WithD.Butfor

18.Thesizeoftheaudience,wehadexpected,waswellovertwothousand()

A.thatB.whoC.whomD.as

19.Thankyouforthe_______youdidmetomovethesofaupstairs()

A.favorB.goodC.helpD.kindness

20.Theparkwas()easywalkingdistanceofourhotel

A.withinB.insideC.aboutD.from

二、情景對(duì)話(huà)(10題)21.M:Whatafinedaytoday!1

W:Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.2

M:Let’sgototheGreenHill.

W:Shallwetakethebusthere?

M:3It’snotveryfar.

W:ThatwillbeOK.I’llridemynewbikemyfatherboughtmeformybirthdaylastmonth.

M:4

W:Let’saskMaryandJacktogowithus.TheyplannedtogolastSundaybutitrained.

M:Good!I’msuretheywillbehappyto.

W:Haveyougotanyideawhatwearegoingtodothere?

M:5

W:Thatwillbefine

1()

A.Wecangotherebybike

B.Whynotasksomeoneelsetojoinus?

C.Wheretogo?

D.Howaboutgoingonatrip?

E.Wecanjustlieonthegrasshavingagoodrest

22.3()

A.Thepopulationisonlyabout50,000

B.Wow,itsoundslikeaniceplacetolivein

C.WhichpartofEnglandisthat?

D.Doyouhavemodernstuff,likeahealthclub,amovietheatreorthingslikethat?

E.Canyouintroduceyourself,please

23.5()

A.Whatdoyouthinkistohappen?

B.Peoplehavebeentalkingofitrecently

C.Isthereanythingthatwecando?

D.Doyouthinkit’spossiblethatitwillhappen?

E.What’stheproblemthen

24.Man:Hello.CouldIspeaktoMr.Smith?

Woman:11Heisinanimportantmeeting.Oh,yes.I’msuretherewillbeanendofthismeetingbyfiveo’clockthisafternoon.12

Man:Yes.ThisisJones.Thenumber…

Woman:Oh!(Theotherphonerings).13Ihaveanothercallontheotherline.Holdonaminute,please,ifyoudon’tmind.

Woman:Hello.Areyouthere,Mr.Jones?

Man:Yes,thenumberis5079864.14

Woman:Yes,ofcourse.

Man:CouldyoutellhimI’mattheBeijingHotelinRoom4021?

Woman:15I’msurehe’llbecallingyouback.Good-bye.

A.Pleaseletmethinkitover.

B.I’mafraidIcan’tansweryourquestion.

C.Allright.

D.Couldyoutellmeyournameandgivemeyourtelephonenumber,please?

E.CanIleaveamessage,please?

F.I’msorry.

G.Excuseme,Mr.Jones

25.74.____()

26.

11.____

27.Task2(每小題2分,共10分)

M:Whatafinedaytoday!71

W:Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.72

M:Let'sgototheGreenHill.

W:Shallwetakethebusthere?

M:73It'snotveryfar.

W:ThatwillbeOK.I'llridemynewbikemyfatherboughtmeformybirthdaylastmonth.

M:74

W:Let'saskMaryandJacktogowithus.TheyplannedtogolastSundaybutitrained.

M:Good!I'msuretheywillbehappyto.

W:Haveyougotanyideawhatwearegoingtodothere?

M:75

W:Thatwillbefine.

A.Wecangotherebybike.

B.Whynotasksomeoneelsetojoinus?

C.Wheretogo?

D.Howaboutgoingonatrip?

E.Wecanjustlieonthegrasshavingagoodrest

71.____()

28.9.____()

29.67.____()

30.68.____()

三、填空題(5題)31.Ifyourneighborsaretoonoisythenyouhavecausefor____.(complain)

32.Manytelevisionviewerstakehimastheir(favor)____actor

33.Afterhefinishedtheassignment,hefoundsome(addition)____exercisestodo

34.Thesemethodsare(effect)____inEnglishteaching

35.Toeverybody's____,theactorfelloffthestageduringtheeveningperformance.(amuse)

四、情景對(duì)話(huà)(5題)36.72.____()

37.A:Hey,Stephen.

B:Hi!Howisitgoingrecently?

A:Terrible!Ialwaysfeelupset.

B:1

A:Myparentsalwaysaskmetostudyhardandencouragemebeforeexams.Butactuallyitmakesmestressedout.2

B:Don’tworry.Whydon’tyoulogonthemicroblogtoshareyourfeelingwithothers?

A.Really?3

B:Yes,Ithinkso.It’sverypopularamongusyoungpeople.Youcangetmuchsupportfromfriendsinthesamesituation,whichmaymakeyoufeelbetter.

A:4

B:Letmesee.Well,you’dbetterhaveatryfirst.Ifyouhaveachance,youshouldsuggestyourparentsreadyourmicroblog,thenthey’llknowyoubetter.

A:5Thankyouverymuch.

B:Notatall

1()

A.Soundsgreat

B.What’swrong?

C.Isithelpfultome?

D.Idon’tknowhowtodealwithit

E.Butwhatifmyparentsdon’tletmedoit

38.74.____()

39.M:Whatwereyoudoingyesterdayafternoon?

W:1Itwasreallyinteresting.

M:2

W:Bytheriver.Alotofchildrenwereflyingkitesthere.

M:Itwaswindyyesterday,wasn’tit?

W:3

M:Whomdidyouflykiteswith?

W:4

M:Didyouenjoyyourselves?

W:Yes.5Afterthatwealsohadapicnictogether

1()

A.Wehadagoodtime

B.Yes,thewindwasstrong

C.Iwasflyingakiteyesterdayafternoon

D.Wheredidyouflythekite?

E.WithLiLeiandTom

40.3()

A.Wheredidyoubuyit?

B.Youlooksoattractive

C.Arethereanyothercolors?

D.Isee,thankyou

E.Sinceherbirthdayiscoming

五、閱讀理解(5題)41.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE()

A.Furnitureandmoviesbelongtophysicalanthropology

B.Anthropologistsarestilltryingtogetnewfindingsaboutpeople

C.ThestudyofhumanbeingsbeganinEgyptandpartsofAsia

D.ThefirstcivilizationappearedonlyinEgyptandpartsofAsia

42.Tostrengthenfriendlyrelationship,people_____()

A.mustholdfriendshipceremonies

B.havetoeliminatedifferencesinbackground

C.shouldmakefriendswiththosewhoareofthesameageandofthesamerace

D.shouldsupportandunderstandeachotherthroughsharedexperiencesandemotions

43.Thewritertendstothinkhighlyofthepeoplewhosleepontheirsidebecause________()

A.theyarestronger

B.theyarecarefulandconfident

C.theyoftenlikeannoyingpeople

D.theyalwaysshowsympathyforpeople

44.InonlytwodecadesAsianAmericanhavebecomethefastest-growingUSminority.Astheirchildrenbeganmovingupthroughthenation’sschools,itbecameclearthatanewclassofacademicachieverswasemerging.Theirachievementsarereflectedinthenation’sbestuniversities,wheremathematics,scienceandengineeringdepartmentshavetakenonadecidedlyAsiancharacter.ThisspeciallikingformathematicsandscienceispartlyexplainedbythefactthatAsian-AmericanstudentswhobegantheireducationabroadarrivedintheU.S.withasolidgroundinginmathematicsbutlittleornoknowledgeofEnglish.Theyarealsoinfluencedbythepromiseofagoodjobaftercollege.Asiansfeeltherewillbelessunfairtreatmentinareaslikemathematicsandsciencebecausetheywillbejudgedmoreimmediateinsomethinglikeengineeringthanwithanartsdegree.

MostAsian-AmericanstudentsowetheirsuccesstotheinfluenceofparentswhoaredeterminedthattheirchildrentakefulladvantageofwhattheAmericaneducationalsystemhastooffer.Aneffectivemeasureofparentalattentionishomework.AsianparentsspendmoretimewiththeirchildrenthanAmericanparentsdo,andithelps.ManyresearchersalsobelievethereissomethinginAsianculturethatbreedssuccess,suchasidealsthatstressfamilyvaluesandemphasizeeducation.

BothexplanationsforacademicsuccessworryAsian-Americansbecauseoffearsthattheyfeedatypicalracialimage.ManycanrememberwhenChinese,JapaneseandFilipinoimmigrantswerethevictimsofsocialisolation.Indeed,itwasnotuntil1952thatlawswerelaiddowngivingallAsianimmigrantstherighttocitizenship

Whilemakingtremendousachievementsatcollege,Asian-Americanstudents()

A.feeltheyaremistreatedbecauseoflimitedknowledgeofEnglish

B.areafraidthattheiracademicsuccessesbearastrongAsiancharacter

C.stillworryaboutunfairtreatmentinsociety

D.generallyfeelitashametohavetodependontheirparents

45.Tokeepadomesticanimalphysicallyfit,itsownerisadvised_______()

A.nottohesitatetospendenormousamountofmoneyonit

B.topayattentiontoitsproperfeeding

C.nottoallowittotakeexcessiveamountsofexercise

D.tojoinsomesortofpet-keepingorganizations

六、作文(1題)46.1.目前,越來(lái)越多的大學(xué)生做兼職。2.大學(xué)生做兼職的利弊。3.你的看法。

參考答案

1.DD分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句,其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+其他。本句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)duringhissparetime,所以應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)。故選D

2.C產(chǎn)品的成本總計(jì)為56,000美元。

[考點(diǎn)]詞語(yǔ)搭配

【精析】Camount:總計(jì),合計(jì),共計(jì),amountto意為總計(jì)為,相當(dāng)于,符合句意。故選C

3.BB句意:他對(duì)所有的事情和所有的人都要加以批評(píng),甚至詆毀自己為數(shù)不多的幾位朋友。詞義辨析題。rundown意為說(shuō)……的壞話(huà),惡意批評(píng),詆毀;runover意為撞倒并碾過(guò);runagainst意為碰及,碰撞;runinto意為偶遇,陷于(困境)。根據(jù)句意,應(yīng)選B

4.B只有用這種方法,你才能說(shuō)服他放棄那個(gè)計(jì)劃。

[考點(diǎn)]倒裝句

【精析】Bonly+狀語(yǔ)位于句首起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用時(shí),句子應(yīng)部分倒裝,即把謂語(yǔ)的一部分(如助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、be動(dòng)詞等)放在主語(yǔ)前面。另外,talksb.outofsth.意為說(shuō)服某人不做某事。故選B

5.C根據(jù)這些學(xué)生各自的能力,給他們安排了不同的任務(wù)。

[考點(diǎn)]詞義辨析

【精析】Crespectful:尊敬的;respectable:體面的,得體的;respective:分別的,各自的;responsible:負(fù)責(zé)的。根據(jù)句意可知,選C

6.AA分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,Without引出了表示虛擬條件的成分,句子應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。根據(jù)句意可知,這里表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生事情的假設(shè),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用would/could/should/mighthave+過(guò)去分詞的形式。故選A

7.D如果沒(méi)有你的善良和幫助,我就不會(huì)取得這么多的成就。

[考點(diǎn)]虛擬語(yǔ)氣

【精析】D根據(jù)句意可知,本句中Without引出表示虛擬條件的成分,表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生事情的假設(shè),句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用would/could/should/mighthave+過(guò)去分詞的形式。故選D

8.AA句意:今年的谷物產(chǎn)量比去年高得多。代詞that的用法題。指示代詞that和those常用來(lái)指代上文提到的事物,以避免重復(fù)。代替不可數(shù)名詞和單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí)用that;代替復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí)用those

9.B

10.D——我確信安德魯會(huì)在期末考試中得第一名。

——我也這樣認(rèn)為,他為此準(zhǔn)備了好幾個(gè)月了。

[考點(diǎn)]動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)

【精析】D根據(jù)句意可知,這里應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),即have/hasbeen+現(xiàn)在分詞的形式,表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作,并可能要繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去。故選D

11.D到我20歲的時(shí)候,我將會(huì)在大學(xué)里學(xué)習(xí)。

[考點(diǎn)]動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)

【精析】D根據(jù)句中的whenIam20yearsold和句意可知,此處表示在將來(lái)某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,所以應(yīng)用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí),即shall/willbe+現(xiàn)在分詞的形式。A項(xiàng)為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),B項(xiàng)為一般將來(lái)時(shí),C項(xiàng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),均不符合語(yǔ)境。故選D

12.B她充滿(mǎn)激情的聲音永遠(yuǎn)具有影響力,且很果斷。

[考點(diǎn)]詞義辨析

【精析】Bdull:暗淡的,乏味的,單調(diào)的;decisive:決定性的,堅(jiān)定的,果斷的;formal:正式的;hesitant:猶豫的,遲疑的。根據(jù)句意可知,選B

13.C老人有兩個(gè)兒子,他們倆都是律師。

[考點(diǎn)]定語(yǔ)從句

【精析】C分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,逗號(hào)之后為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,修飾指代人的先行詞twosons。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知,應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whom引導(dǎo),作介詞of的賓語(yǔ),bothofwhom在句中相當(dāng)于andbothofthem。選項(xiàng)A前面缺少關(guān)聯(lián)詞;選項(xiàng)B中的who不能作介詞賓語(yǔ);選項(xiàng)D形式不正確。故選C

14.C乘客應(yīng)該考慮到在交通擁堵的高峰期去機(jī)場(chǎng)可能要花費(fèi)更多的時(shí)間。

[考點(diǎn)]詞義辨析

【精析】Cactual:實(shí)際的;exact:準(zhǔn)確的;additional:額外的;accurate:精確的。根據(jù)句意可知,選C

15.C無(wú)論是誰(shuí)最后離開(kāi)房間,都應(yīng)該把燈關(guān)掉。

[考點(diǎn)]主語(yǔ)從句

【精析】C分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,并在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ),所以應(yīng)用whoever引導(dǎo),whoever意為無(wú)論誰(shuí),任何……的人。anyone和theperson均不能引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句;who可以引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,但沒(méi)有任何……的人的意思。故選C

16.BBoccurtosb.意為(主意或想法突然)浮現(xiàn)于腦中,某人突然想起,為固定搭配。故選B

17.C所有的朋友都走了,所有的錢(qián)也沒(méi)了,凱特感到十分絕望。

[考點(diǎn)]獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

【精析】Cbecause:因?yàn)椋籄s:由于,因?yàn)?;with:隨著,伴隨著……;butfor:要不是,如果沒(méi)有。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,前半句不是一個(gè)完整的句子,gone為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),所以應(yīng)該用with。故選C

18.D正如我們所預(yù)料的那樣,觀眾人數(shù)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)2000人。

[考點(diǎn)]定語(yǔ)從句

【精析】D根據(jù)句意并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,排除A項(xiàng);who,whom只能引導(dǎo)先行詞指代人的定語(yǔ)從句,與題意不符,應(yīng)排除;關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),可以指代整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容,并在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等,引導(dǎo)的從句可以位于句首、句中或句末,符合題意。故選D

19.A句意:謝謝你幫我把沙發(fā)搬到樓上。詞義辨析(名詞)。favor:幫助,一般用固定句型dosb.afavor;good:好處;help不與do搭配:kindness:善良。應(yīng)選A

20.A從我們的旅館到公園步行就能到。

[考點(diǎn)]詞語(yǔ)搭配

【精析】Awithinwalkingdistance為常用搭配,意為步行就能到,在步行距離范圍內(nèi)

21.D

22.A

23.C

24.11.F12.D13.G14.E15.C

25.A

26.C根據(jù)下面W的回答可推知,M表?yè)P(yáng)或夸贊了她。故選C

27.D

28.F由前半句我想到非常古老的房子,一切都沒(méi)有改變可推知,空處應(yīng)該和前面表示相近的意思,或者由下面的ThecinemainBrentwoodactuallycloseddown…也可知,只有選項(xiàng)F符合語(yǔ)境

29.D

30.C

31.complaint或complainingcomplaint/complaining題意:如果你的鄰居太吵了,那你就有了抱怨的理由。根據(jù)空前的介詞for可知,此處應(yīng)填complain的名詞形式complaint,或動(dòng)名詞形式complaining

32.favoritefavorite題干的大意是:許多電視觀眾把他當(dāng)作最喜愛(ài)的演員。此處需要名詞favor的形容詞形式favorite,意為最喜愛(ài)的

33.additionaladditional題干的大意是:他完成作業(yè)之后,又找來(lái)了一些額外的練習(xí)去做。此處應(yīng)填addition的形容詞形式additional,意為分外的,額外的

34.effectiveeffective題干的大意是:這些方法在英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中有效。此處應(yīng)填寫(xiě)effect的形容詞形式effective,指有效的,奏效的,作are的表語(yǔ)

35.amusementamusement題意:使每個(gè)人都忍俊不禁的是,那個(gè)演員在晚上表演時(shí)從舞臺(tái)上跌落了下來(lái)。此處應(yīng)填amuse的名詞形式amusement,toone'samusement為固定搭配,意為令人發(fā)笑的是

36.C

37.B

38.E

39.C

40.E

41.B事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句可知,選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤;根據(jù)文章第三段第一句Anthropologistsalwaysseeknewinformationaboutpeople.可知,選項(xiàng)B正確;根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句可知,選項(xiàng)C和D錯(cuò)誤。故選B

42.D[考點(diǎn)]事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【精析】D由文章最后一段最后

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無(wú)特殊說(shuō)明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶(hù)所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁(yè)內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒(méi)有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒(méi)有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫(kù)網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對(duì)用戶(hù)上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對(duì)用戶(hù)上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶(hù)因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

最新文檔

評(píng)論

0/150

提交評(píng)論