英語(yǔ)二閱讀專題main

英語(yǔ)二閱讀專題第一節(jié)命題體裁

1經(jīng)濟(jì)（經(jīng)濟(jì)原理、經(jīng)濟(jì)政策（比較抽象、晦澀）、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展）、管理（管理概念（晦澀難懂）、案例管理、企業(yè)管理、人力資源管理等2社會(huì)（家庭、教育、環(huán)境、交通、治安、男女平等）、文化（生活習(xí)慣、宗教信仰、飲食、建筑等）科普（計(jì)算機(jī)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)、空間、語(yǔ)言等）等。題型1理解文章的主旨要義（主旨題）2理解文章的具體信息（細(xì)節(jié)題）3理解作者的意圖、觀點(diǎn)或者態(tài)度（態(tài)度題）4根據(jù)上下文推斷重要生詞或詞組的含義（猜詞題）推斷題根據(jù)段前，猜測(cè)段落后內(nèi)容，或根據(jù)段后猜測(cè)段前內(nèi)容（篇章與段落結(jié)構(gòu)題）1.主旨題

Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbestdescribethemainideaofthispassage?Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?Whatisthemainsubjectofthispassage?Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?Thispassageismainlyconcernedwith____.Thispassageiscenteredaround____.Thispassagefocuseson____.Thebest(mostappropriate)titleofthispassageis____.解題技巧（1）首段提問法如果一篇文章第一段的第一句、最后一句，或者第二段的第一句是疑問句，那么本文的主旨很有可能就是對(duì)該問題的解答或者對(duì)可能答案的探討?！纠}】(Para.1)WhydosomanyAmericansdistrustwhattheyreadintheirnewspapers?TheAmericanSocietyofNewspaperEditorsistryingtoanswerthispainfulquestion.Theorganizationisdeepintoalongself-analysisknownasthejournalismcredibilityproject.1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Needsofthereadersallovertheworld.B.Causesofthepublicdisappointmentaboutnewspapers.C.Originsofthedecliningnewspaperindustry.D.Aimsofajournalismcredibilityproject.【答案】B【例題】(Para.1)Althoughfathersareingincreasinglyinvolvedascaregiversforchildren,mothersathomeandwomenoutsidethehome(indaycareandschool)arestilltheadultswhointeractwithchildrenthemostonadailybasis.Whenwomengotoworkoutsidethehomeandtakeondemandingjobs,howdoesitaffecttheirhealth?2.Thepassageprimarilyfocuseson____.A.thebestpolicytohelppoorwomentoerichB.theapproachestoimprovewomen’shealthwhentheyareworkingC.therelationbetweenwomenworkingandtheirhealthD.thereasonsforwomenwithacareertobehealthierthanhousewives【答案】B（2）首段獨(dú)句段法

如果一篇文章的第一段是獨(dú)句段（也就是一句話），那么本文的主旨就是本句話所表述的內(nèi)容。【例題】(Para.1)BillGates,themillionaireMicrosoftchairmanwithoutasingleearneduniversitydegree,isbyhissuccessraisingnewdoubtsabouttheworthofthebusinessworld’sfavoriteacademictitle:MBA(MasterofBusinessAdministration).3.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?Adebateheldrecentlyoncollegecampus.B.ThereasonofanincreasedenrollmentinMBAprograms.C.DoubtsabouttheworthofholdinganMBAdegree.D.ThenecessityofimprovingMBAprogramsincollege.【答案】C（3）重心轉(zhuǎn)移法

如果一篇文章的第一段先表述一件事情，然后在本段或者第二段的句首出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折詞，進(jìn)而表述另一件事情，那么本文的主旨就是轉(zhuǎn)折詞之后所陳述的內(nèi)容。表示轉(zhuǎn)折語(yǔ)意的詞有however,yet,nevertheless,onthecontrary,bycontrast,ontheotherhand等。【例題】(Para.1)Duringthepastgeneration,theAmericanmiddle-classfamilythatoncecouldcountonhardworkandfairplaytokeepitselffinanciallysecurehasbeentransformedbyeconomicriskandnewrealities.Atpresent,however,apinkslip,abaddiagnosis,oradisappearingspousecanreduceafamilyfromsolidlymiddleclasstoanewlypoorinafewmonths.4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthistext?A.TheMiddleClassontheAlertB.TheMiddleClassontheCliffC.TheMiddleClassinConflictD.TheMiddleClassinRuins【答案】B

【例題】(Para.1)Forsometimepastithasbeenwidelyacceptedthatbabies---andothercreature---learntodothingsbecausecertainactsleadto‘reward’;andthereisnoreasontodoubtthatthisistrue.Butitalsousedtobewidelybelievedthateffectiverewards,atleastintheearlystages,hadtobedirectlyrelatedtosuchbasicphysiological‘drives’asthirstorhunger.Inotherwords,ababywouldlearnifhegotfoodordrinkorsomesortofphysicalcomfort,nototherwise.Itisnowclearthatthisisnotso.Babieswilllearntobehaveinwaysthatproduceresultsintheworldwithoutanyotherrewardexceptthesuccessfule.7.Thepassageisintendedtotellusthat____.A.babieslearntodothingswhicharedirectlyrelatedtopleasure.B.babieslearntodothingswhichwillbringthemafeelingofsuccess.C.babieslearntodothingswhichwillmeettheirphysicalneeds.D.babieslearntodothingswhichwillsatisfytheircuriosity.【答案】B（4）事例開頭法

如果作者在一篇文章的開頭舉例、引用數(shù)據(jù)、敘述個(gè)人經(jīng)歷、描述問題，其目的顯然是要通過舉例等手法來(lái)導(dǎo)出文章的主題。通常情況下，這類文章的主題會(huì)在第一段的最后一句或者第二段的第一句表述。【例題】(Para.1)WhenThomasKeller,oneofAmerican’sforemostchefs,announcedthatonSept.1sthewouldabolishthepracticeoftippingatPer.Se.,hisluxuryrestaurantinNewYorkCityandreplaceitwithEuropean-styleservicecharge.Iknewthreegroupswouldbeopposed:customers,serversandrestaurantowners.Thesethreegroupsareallcommittedtotipping---astheyquicklymadeclearonwebsites.Toopposetipping,itseems,istobeanti-capitalistandmaybeevenalittleFrench.ButMr.Kellerisrighttomoveawayfromtipping---andit’sworthexploringwhyjustabouteveryoneelseintherestaurantworldiswrongtostickwiththepractice.5.Thepassageismainlyabout____.A.reasonstoabolishthepracticeoftippingB.economicsenseoftippingC.consumers’attitudetowardstippingD.tippingforgoodservice【答案】A【例題】(Para.1)Accordingtoarecentsurveyonmoneyandrelationships,36percentofpeoplearekeepingabankaccountfromtheirpartner.Whilethisfinancialunfaithfulnessmayappearasdistrustinarelationship,intruthitmayjustbeaformoffinancialprotection.6.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthispassage?A.SecretSaversB.LoveIsWhatIt’sWorthC.BankingHonestyD.OnceBitten,TwiceShy【答案】A（5）類比開頭法

如果一篇文章開頭或者第一段涉及一項(xiàng)內(nèi)容，最后或者第二段開頭用到‘Nowthesamethingishappeningto…’，‘Nowthereissimilar…’，’Likewise,…’等表示類似或者相同的情況發(fā)生在另一對(duì)象，這時(shí)我們就可以認(rèn)為本文主要內(nèi)容是涉及后一項(xiàng)內(nèi)容。【例題】Americansdon’tliketolosewars.Ofcourse,alotdependonhowyoudefinejustwhatawaris.Thereareshootingwars---thekindthattestpatriotismandcourage---andthosearethekindatwhichtheU.S.excels.Butotherstrugglestestthosequalities,too.WhatelsewastheGreatDepressionorthespaceraceortheconstructionoftherailroads?IfAmericaindulgesinabitofflag---whenthejobisdone,theyearnedit.Nowthereisasimilarchallenge.8.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A.HumanwarsB.EconomiccrisisC.America’senvironmentalpoliciesD.Globalenvironmentingeneral【答案】A（6）各段分述法

有些文章的第一段可能并沒有采用以上方法來(lái)揭示主題，可以考慮本篇文章是否采用了‘各段分述，圍繞主題’的方法。即：文章的各個(gè)段落分別敘述或者介紹主題的而一個(gè)方面，進(jìn)而各個(gè)段落一起完成對(duì)主題的論證、介紹。描寫等。各個(gè)段落的主題一般都會(huì)在該段的首句表述。Arapidmeansoflong-distancetransportationbecameanecessityfortheUnitedStatesassettlementspreadeverfartherwestward.Theearlytrainswereimpracticalcuriosities,andforalongtimetherailroadcompaniesmetwithtroublesomemechanicalproblems.Themostseriousonesweretheconstructionofrailsabletobeartheload,andthedevelopmentofasafe,effectivestoppingsystem.Oncetheseweresolved,therailroadwasestablishedasthebestmeansoflandtransportation.By1860therewerethousandsofmilesofrailroadscrossingtheeasternmountainrangesandreachingwestwardtotheMississippi.Therewerealsoregionalsouthernandwesternlines.Thehighpointinrailroadbuildingcamewiththeconstructionofthefirsttranscontinentalsystem.In1862CongressauthorizedtwowesternrailroadcompaniestobuildlinesfromNebraskawestwardandfromCaliforniaeastwardtoameetingpoint,soastocompleteatranscontinentalcrossinglinkingtheAtlanticseaboardwiththePacific.TheGovernmenthelpedtherailroadsgenerouslywithmoneyandland.Actualworkonthisprojectbeganfouryearslater.TheCentralPacificCompany,startingfromCalifornia,usedChineselabors,whiletheUnionPacificemployedcrewsofIrishLabors.Thetwogroupsworkedatremarkablespeed,eachtryingtocoveragreaterdistancethantheother.In1869theymetataplacecalledPromontoryinwhatisnowUtah.Manyvisitorscamethereforthegreatoccasion.Therewerejoyouscelebrationsalloverthecountry,withparadesandtheringingofchurchbellstohonorthegreatachievement.Therailroadwasveryimportantinencouragingwestwardmovement.Italsohelpedbuildupindustryandfarmingbymovingrawmaterialandbydistributingproductsrapidlytodistantmarkets.InlinkingtownsandpeopletooneanotherithelpedunifiedtheUnitedStates.9.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe____.A.SettlementsSpreadWestwardB.TheCoast-to-CoastRailroad:AVitalLinkC.AmericanRailroadHistoryD.TheImportanceofRailroadsIntheAmericanEconomy【答案】B2細(xì)節(jié)題之一：原因題的解題技巧1Theprojectcannotbelaunchednowbecause____.2KrisCarrmadeupnamesforthepeoplewhotreatherbecause____.3Inthefirstparagraph,DamienHirst’ssalewasreferredtoas‘a(chǎn)lastvictory’because____.4Theauthorattributesthephenomenonof‘goldenskirts’to____.5Accordingtothepassage,downshiftingemergedintheU.S.asaresultof____.6WhytheWesternleaderspreachfreetrade?7WhywasitpossibleforAmericanstouseaone-dollarbillforadollar’sworthofsilver?8WhyhaveAmericansemoreobese?（1）句內(nèi)陳述原因法

A）because(of),for,since,nowthat,dueto,owingto,thanksto,onaccountof等。B）therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,consequently,asaresult等。C）berelatedto,belinkedto,beconnectedwith,havesomething(much,alot)todowith等。比如：Thehigherdeathrateofteenagerdrivershasmuchtodowiththeirlackofdrivingexperience.D）beresponsiblefor,beblamedfor(betoblame)等。比如：Theweatherisresponsibleforthedelay.E）be(as)aresponseto,be(as)areactionto等。比如：InAmericathetrendstartedasareactiontotheeconomicdecline.F)leadto,resultin,bringabout,contributeto,giveriseto等。這些詞語(yǔ)都表達(dá)“導(dǎo)致，釀成”之意，是比較明顯的表達(dá)因果關(guān)系的信號(hào)詞。

【例題】Companieshavehadtorecruitabout1,000womeninfouryears.Manycomplainthatithasbeendifficulttofindexperiencedcandidates.Becauseofthis,someofthebestwomenhavecollectedasmanyas25-35directorshipseach,andareknowninNorwegianbusinesscirclesasthe‘goldenskirts’.10.Theauthorattributesthephenomenonof‘goldenskirts’to____.A.thesmallnumberofqualifiedfemalesinmanagementB.theover-recruitmentoffemalemanagersinpubliccompaniesC.theadvantagewomenenjoywhencompetingforseniorpositionsD.thediscriminationtowardwomeninNorwegianbusinesscircles【答案】A【例題】Thehigherdeathrateofteenagerdrivershasnotsomuchtodowiththeirillbehaviorsaswiththeirlackofdrivingexperiences.11.Teenagerdriversdeathrateishighermainlybecause____.A.theyareillwhiledrivingB.theyarenotskilledindrivingC.theybehavepoorlyD.theylackrelevantexperiences【答案】D上句點(diǎn)題，下句答題（下句點(diǎn)題，上句答題）法

【例題】Anyway,thetownsfolkcan’tunderstandwhytheRoyalShakespeareCompanyneedsasubsidy.Thetheaterhasbrokenattendancerecordsforthreeyearsinarow.Lastyear,its1,431seatswere94percentoccupiedallyearlongandthisyearthey’lldobetter.12.Accordingtothetownsfolk,theRSCdeservesnosubsidybecause____.A.ticketpricescanberaisedtocoverthespendingB.thecompanyisfinanciallyill-managedC.thebehavioroftheactorsisnotsociallyacceptableD.thetheater’sattendanceisontherise【答案】D

【例題】Ironically,thetrendoftechnologicalinnovationincomputersthathasthreatenedminoritylanguagescouldalsohelpsavethem.Someexpertspredictthatcomputersoftwaretranslationtoolswillonedaypermitminoritylanguagespeakerstobrowsetheinternetusingtheirnativetongues.Linguistsarecurrentlyusingcomputer-aidedlearningtoolstoteachavarietyofthreatenedlanguages.13.Computertechnologyishelpfulforpreservingminoritylanguagesinthatit____.A.makeslearningagloballanguageunnecessaryB.facilitatesthelearningandusingofthoselanguagesC.raisingpublicawarenessofsavingthoselanguagesD.makesiteasierforlinguisttostudythoselanguages【答案】B2細(xì)節(jié)題之二：事例分析題1TheauthormentionsIbsen’splayinthefirstparagraphinorderto____.2Theauthorusestheexampleofcancerpatientstoshowthat____.3TheauthorusedtheexampleofIBMto____.4TheauthorwantstoprovewiththeexampleofIsaacNewtonthat____.5Theauthoruses‘IMF’asanexampletoillustratethepointthat____.6Bottledwater,chewinggumandskinmoisturizersarementionedinParagraph5soasto_____.舉例一般有兩個(gè)目的：在講話或者文章開頭舉例是為了引出主題；在講話或者文章中間舉例是為了證明觀點(diǎn)。解題方法：事例要引出的主題一般出現(xiàn)在第一段最后一句或者第二段第一句；事例要證明的觀點(diǎn)一般出現(xiàn)在事例的前一句，偶爾也會(huì)出現(xiàn)在事例之后。【例題】HenricIbsen,authoroftheplay‘ADoll’sHouse’,inwhichapretty,helplesshousewifeabandonsherhusbandandchildrentoseekamoreseriouslife,wouldsurelyhaveapproved.FromJanuary1st,2008,allpubliccompaniesinNorwayareobligedtoensurethatatleast40%oftheirboarddirectorsarewomen.Mostfirmshaveobeyedthelaw,whichwaspassedin2003.Butabout75outofthe480orsocompaniesitaffectsarestilltoomanymaleforthegovernment’sliking.TheywillshortlyreceivealetterinformingthemthattheyhaveuntiltheendofFebruarytoact,orfacethelegalconsequences---whichcouldincludebeingdissolved.14.TheauthormentionsIbsen’splayinthefirstparagraphinorderto____.A.depictwomen’sdilemmaatworkB.explainthenewlypassedlawC.supportNorwegiangovernmentD.introducethetopicunderdiscussion【答案】D【例題】Shieldedbythird-partypayersfromthecostofourcare,thepatientsmaydemandeverythingthatcanpossiblybedoneforus,evenifit’suseless.Themostobviousexampleislate-stagecancercare.Physicians----frustratedbytheirinabilitytocurethediseaseandfearinglossofhopeinthepatient----toooftenofferaggressivetreatmentfarbeyondwhatisscientificallyjustified.15.Theauthorusestheexampleofcancerpatientstoshowthat_____.A.medicalresourcesareoftenwastedB.doctorsarehelplessagainstfataldiseasesC.sometreatmentsaretooaggressiveD.medicalcostsareingunaffordable【答案】A3.態(tài)度題

1)Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardscomputers?____2)Fromthepassagewecandrawtheconclusionthattheauthor’sattitudetowardsflunkingis____.3)Theauthor’sattitudetowardstheinfluenceofadvertisementonpeople’shabitsis____.4)What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsAmerica’spoliceonglobalwarming?5)Thewesterneconomists’attitudetowardstheoilpriceriseis____.6)Concerningthereforminhealthfinancing,economistsseem____.A正面態(tài)度Positive積極的，正面的Approval/supportive/favorable贊成的，支持的Consent同意的，贊成的Praising贊揚(yáng)的Enthusiastic熱心的Optimistic樂觀的額Appreciative欣賞的Affirmative贊成的，肯定的Permissive寬容的負(fù)面態(tài)度Negative消極的，否定的Disapproval/unfavorable不贊成的Critical批判的Pessimistic悲觀的Ironic/sneering/scornful輕蔑的Opposed/hostile反對(duì)的，敵對(duì)的Indignant憤怒的Suspicious/skeptical/doubtful懷疑的Concerned/apprehensive/anxious擔(dān)憂的Reserved有所保留的，不完全同意的Gloomy/depressive沮喪的，悲觀的Desperate絕望的客觀態(tài)度

Objective客觀的Amatteroffact實(shí)事求是的Unprejudiced/impartial不偏不倚的neutral中立的

其他Indifferent漠不關(guān)心的Prejudice/biased有偏見的Mrs.Stiftersaid,‘Idon’tmoveseniors.Iflunk（使……不及格）them.’Ourson’sacademiclifeflashedbeforemyeyes.Noteacherhadeverthreatenedhim.BythetimeIgothomeIwasfeelingprettygoodaboutthis.Itwasaradicalapproachforthesetimes,but,well,whynot?‘She’sgoingtoflunkyou,’Itoldmyson.Ididnotdiscussitanyfurther.SuddenlyEnglishbecameapriorityinhislife.hefinishedoutthesemesterwithanA.16.Fromthepassagewecandrawtheconclusionthattheauthor’sattitudetowardsflunkingis____.A.negativeB.positiveC.biasedD.Indifferent【答案】BThesteadydeteriorationoftheveryclimateofthisveryplanetisingawarofthefirstorder,andbyanymeasure,theU.S.producesnearlyaquarteroftheworld’sgreenhousegaseseachyearandhasstubbornlymadeitclearthatitdoesn’tintendtodoawholelotaboutit.17.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardAmerica’spoliciesonglobalwarming?A.criticalB.indifferentC.supportiveD.compromising【答案】A4詞義推斷題

要對(duì)文章中某個(gè)詞匯的詞義做出推斷，我們必須要借助上下文，必須理解上下文之間存在的解釋、因果、遞進(jìn)、轉(zhuǎn)折等邏輯語(yǔ)意關(guān)系。1)‘Defied’inthe5thparagraphprobablymeans____.2)Theword‘gizmos’(Line1,Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans____.3)Theword‘a(chǎn)rbiters’(Line7,Paragraph4)mostprobablyreferstothose____.4)Itcanbeinferredthat‘protection’(Line1,Para.1)means____.5)‘Jugglingone’slife’probablymeanslivingalifecharacterizedby____.6)Judgingfromthecontext,the‘CommunityEye’(Line5,Para.2)is____.7)Judgingfromthecontext,thephrase‘wreakinghavoc’(Para.2)mostprobablymeans____.8)Bysaying‘spendingofanysortbecamedeeplyunfashionable’(Para.3)theauthorsuggeststhat____.（1）定語(yǔ)推斷法

定語(yǔ)是對(duì)中心詞的限制或者修飾，表述中心詞的特征、性質(zhì)等內(nèi)容。通過對(duì)定語(yǔ)部分的理解我們可以推斷出中心詞或其修飾語(yǔ)的詞義。It’stheorytowhichmanyeconomistssubscribe,butinpracticeitoftenleavesrailroadsinthepositionofdeterminingwhichcompanieswillflourishandwhichwillfail.‘Dowereallywantrailroadstobethearbiterstodecidewhowinsandwholosesinthemarketplace’?18.Theword‘a(chǎn)rbiters’(line7,para.4)mostprobablyreferstothose____.A.whoworksascoordinatorsB.whofunctionasjudgesC.whosupervisetransactionsD.whodeterminetheprice【答案】B（2）重述推斷法重述推斷法或者定義推斷法或者解釋推斷法，都是利用上下文的語(yǔ)意相關(guān)關(guān)系推斷詞義的方法。當(dāng)作者在一個(gè)陳述句中使用了比較生僻或者專業(yè)的屬于時(shí)，他會(huì)有意無(wú)意地在下一句對(duì)其作出解釋，可以利用這種語(yǔ)篇的銜接與連貫關(guān)系對(duì)句中的某個(gè)詞義完成推斷。Thatis也就是說(shuō)Thatistosay也就是說(shuō)Inotherwords換句話說(shuō)Putitinanotherway換句話說(shuō)另外，標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)‘：’和‘---’也有標(biāo)志解釋的功能。【例題】Ifspellingestheonlyfocalpointofhisteacher’sinterest,clearlyabrightchildwillbeliketo‘playsafe’.Hewilltendtowriteonlywordswithinhisspellingrange,choosingtoavoidadventurouslanguage.19.Theexpression‘playsafe’probablymeans____.A.towriteascarefullyaspossibleB.todoasteachersaytobesafeC.tousedictionariesfrequentlyD.toavoidusingwordsoneisnotsureof【答案】D【例題】Thenshepickedupthephoneandcalledeveryoneinheraddressbook,askingiftheyknewotheryoungwomenwithcancer.Theresultwasherownpersonal‘cancerposse’:arockconcerttourmanager,amodel,afashionmagazineeditor,acartoonistandaMTVcelebrity,tonameafew.Thisclubof‘cancer’babiesofferedsupport,adviceandfashiontips,amongotherthings.20.Thephrase‘cancerposse’(Line4,Para.3)probablyrefersto____.A.acancerresearchorganizationB.agroupofpeoplewhosufferfromcancerC.peoplewhohavecoveredfromcancerD.peoplewhocopewithcancer【答案】B（3）舉例推斷法

Asaresult,themodernworldisincreasinglypopulatedbyintelligentgizmos.Ourfactorieshumtotherhythmofrobotassemblyarms.Ourbankingisdoneatautomatedtellerterminalsthatthankuswithmechanicalpolitenessforthetransaction.Oursubwaytrainsarecontrolledbytirelessrobot-drivers.21.Theword‘gizmos’(Line1,Para.2)mostprobablymeans____.A.programsB.expertsC.devicesD.creature【答案】C（4）因果推斷法

【例題】Thelectureofthesohighlypraisedpoliticianturnedouttobeirksomethatalmostalltheaudiencehaddifficultyremainingattentive.22.Theword‘irksome’isclosesttothemeaningof____.A.radicalB.boringC.exhaustedD.aggressive【答案】B該句子還可以改寫成以下句子：1）Thelectureofthesohighlypraisedpoliticianturnedouttobetooirksomefortheaudiencetoremainattentive.2）Thelectureofthesohighlypraisedpoliticianturnedouttobesoirksomethatalmostalltheaudiencehaddifficultyremainingattentive.3）Thelectureofthesohighlypraisedpoliticianturnedouttobeveryirksome.(Therefore,)A(a)mostalltheaudiencehaddifficultyremainingattentive.（5）反義推斷法‘Theword‘protection’isnolongertaboo.’Thisshortsentence,utteredbyFrenchPresidentNicolasSarkozylatelastmonth,mayhavelaunchedaneweraineconomichistory.Why?Inthepast,Westernleadershavebelievedthatloweringtradebarriersandtariffswasanaturalgood.23.Itcanbeinferredthat‘protection’(Line1,Para.1)means____.A.improvingeconomicefficiencyB.endingthefree-tradepracticeC.loweringmoralstandardD.raisingtradetariffs【答案】D【例題】Heissaidbythosewhohaveeverapproachedhimtobeextremelycocky.Buthumblenessishisimageinmindaftermyconfrontationwithhim.24.Theword‘cocky’probablymeans____.A.arrogantB.generousC.considerateD.greedy【答案】A（6）邏輯關(guān)系推斷法Ihavediscoveredthatabandoningtheprincipleof‘jugglingyourlife,’andmakingthealternativemoveinto‘downshifting’bringswithitfargreaterrewardsthanfinancialsuccessandsocialstatus.NothingcouldpersuademetoreturntothekindoflifeKelseyusedtoadvocateandIonceenjoyed:12-hourworkingdays,pressureddeadlines,thefearfulstrainofpoliticsandthelimitationsofbeingaparenton‘qualitytime’.25.‘Jugglingone’slife’probablymeanslivingalifecharacterizedby____.A.non-materialisticlifestyleB.abitofeverythingC.extremestressD.anti-consumerism【答案】C5.推斷題1）AccordingtoParagraph4.AllthefollowingaretrueEXCEPTthat____.2）WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?3）AllofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPT____.4）Itisimpliedinthepassagethat____.5）Wecaninferfromthepassagethat____.Officejobsareamongthepositionshardesthitbycomputation.Wordprocessorsandtypistswillloseabout93,000jobsoverthenextfewyears,while57,000secretarialjobswillvanish.BlamethePC:today,manyexecutivestypetheirownmemosandcarrytheir‘secretaries’inthepalmsoftheirhands.Timeisalsohardforstockclerks,whoseranksareexpectedtodecreaseby68,000.Andemployeesinmanufacturingfirmsandwholesalersarebeingreplacedwithcomputerizedsystems.26.FromthefirstparagraphwecaninferthatallofthefollowingpersonsareeasilythrownintounemploymentEXCEPT____.A.secretariesB.stockclerksC.managersD.wholesalers【答案】C

Nextyear,anonprofitexchangecalledQuickLiftTwo(QL2)planstoopeninNairobi,offeringbarterdealsto38,000Kenyanfarmersinremoteareas.Twosmallplaneswilldeliverthegoods.QL2directorGaciiWaciumasaysthefarmersareexcitedtobe‘liberatedfromcorruptmiddlemen.’Forthem,barterevokesabrightfuture,notaprecapitalistpast.27.WhichisfollowingistrueofQL2accordingtotheauthor?A.Itiscriticizedfordoingbusinessinaprimitiveway.B.Itaimsattodealwithhyperinflationinsomecountries.C.IthelpstogetridofmiddlemenintradeandexchangeD.Itisintendedtoevaluatetheperformanceoftradingpartners.【答案】CWhenIdecidedtoquitmyfulltimeemployment,itneveroccurredtomethatImighteapartofanewinternationaltrend.Alateralmovethathurtmyprideandblockedmyprofessionalprogresspromptmetoabandonmyrelativelydecentcareer.Although,inthemannerofadisgracedgovernmentminister,Idisguisedmyexitbyclaiming‘Iwantedtospendmoretimewithmyfamily’.29.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtotheparagraph?A.Full-timeemploymentisanewinternationaltrend.B.Thewriterwasforcedbycircumstancestoleaveherjob.C.Thewriterresignedfromthepositionofagovernmentofficer.D.Thewriterwasonlytooeagertospendmoretimewithherfamily.【答案】B

Thevastconsolidationwithintherailindustrymeansthatmostshippersareservedbyonlyonerailcompany.Railroadstypicallychargesuch‘captive’shippers20to30percentmorethantheydowhenanotherrailroadiscompetingforthebusiness.Shipperswhofeeltheyarebeingoverchargedhaverighttoappealtothefederalgovernment’sSurfaceTransportationBoardforraterelief,buttheprocessisexpensive,timeconsuming,andwillworkonlyintrulyextremecases.28.Itcanbeinferredfromtheparagraphthat____.A.ShipperswillbechargedlesswithoutarivalrailroadB.TheresoonwillbeonlyonerailroadcompanynationwideC.OverchargedshippersareunlikelytoappealforrateitselfD.Agovernmentboardensuresfairplayinrailwaybusiness【答案】C6.篇章與段落信息題