綜合英語教程4-03-Part-2

PartIIReadingandLanguageActivitiesUnit3,Book4Pre-readingTaskComprehensionWorkLanguageWorkReadingandLanguageActivitiesUnit3,Book4ReturntoMenuPre-ReadingTaskDiscussthefollowingquestions.Unit3,Book4Haveyoueverbeenlateforclass?Whatexcusesdidyougiveforyourlateness?Whyispunctualityanecessityinallpublicaffairsinacivilizedsociety?Haveyouevernoticedthedifferenceinpeople’sattitudetowardthekeepingoftimeintheruralandurbanareas?SuggestedPoints

Unit3,Book4SuggestedPointsTheimportanceofpunctualitya.efficiency

(e.g.Infactoriesoroffices,someworkmayinvolvemanypeople,soifonepersonislate,theworkwillhavetobepostponed.)b.respect

(Inmanycultures,peopleareexpectedtobepunctualsincelatenessmeanswastingotherpeople’stime.)petition

(e.g.Ifonestoreopensandclosesataregulartime,peoplewilltrustit.Otherwise,customerswillbedoubtfulaboutitsdisciplineorquality.)d.order

(Punctualitycertainlyisaveryimportantdisciplineinmostworkplaces.Otherwise,companies,schools,andofficeswouldbeinchaos.)Unit3,Book42.Urban/ruraldifferencesUrban:morepunctualPossiblereasons:morecooperation,higherefficiency,intensecompetition,morecomplexhumanrelationship,etc.(Basically,mostjobsincitiesareconcernedwithhumanrelationships;therefore,peoplehavetoobeythepublicrulesinordertogainsocialoreconomicsuccess.)Rural:lesspunctualPossiblereasons:lesscompetitiveorurgent,lesssophisticatedhumanrelationship,etc.

ComprehensionWorkTextOrganizationProbetheStoryCreativeWritingandSpeakingDifficultSentencesUnit3,Book4Unit3,Book4TextOrganizationListentothetextandsummarizethemainideaofeachpart.Para.1Para.2–Para.5Para.6Para.7Para.8–Para.14raisingtheproblemfordiscussionprovidingbackgroundoftheissuebeginningtoraisehismajorpositionontheissuePara.15–Para.16conclusion:callingforpunctualitymanagementanalysisofwhy“beinglate”shouldnotbeexcusedinbusinessmanagementinAsianculturestransitionProbetheStoryUnit3,Book41.Accordingtothescholars,whatistheAsianconceptoftime?Asianslivemoreintheancientpastorinthedistantfuture.Theyviewlifeasapassingmomentandpreferasteadypace.2.HowdoWesternersviewtime?Westernerslivemoreinthepresentandthenearfuture.Theyalwayshaveimmediateandurgentobjectivestoachievewithtime-pressingschedulesordeadlines.Unit3,Book43.Whatfigureofspeechdoesthewriterusetoillustratetheculturaldifferenceregardingtheconceptoftime?

Thewriterusesanumberofmetaphorstomakehispoint:"neuroticslavery"indicatesbeingabnormallyboundtotightschedules;"thesenseofzerogravity"referstothefreedomofspendingone'stimeatwill;one'slifecourseiscomparedto"alongjourney";and"thenexthill"suggestssomethingwithinreach.Unit3,Book44.Doesthewriteragreetotheclaimthatunpunctualityisrelatedtoacertainculturaloutlook?Why?

Thewriterdoesnotagreetotheclaim.Hethinksthatwhetherapersonispunctualornothasnothingtodowithhisculturaloutlook,becauseobservanceoftimeandphilosophicalperceptionoftimearetwodifferentthings.Unit3,Book45.HowdoAsiansandWesternersreacttounpunctuality?

Asianstendtobemoretolerantofbadpunctualityandaremorereadytoacceptalatecomer'sdubiousexcuses,whileWesternersviewbadpunctualityasanundesirablepracticeandbelievethatitshowsthatapersonisnottrustworthyordependable.Unit3,Book46.Whatisthewriter’sviewonpunctualityinthebusinessworld?

Thewriterthinksthatindailylifeitisuptoanindividualwhethertobepunctualornot,butinanofficeenvironmentpeoplemustrespectthekeepingoftime.Unit3,Book47.Shouldamanagerignoreunpunctualityinhis/heroffice?What,inthewriter’sview,shouldthemanagerdo?

Generally,amanagershouldnottaketheacademicconceptthattorequirepunctualityofhis/heremployeesisintolerantofculture.Heorshemuststrivetobreakbadhabitsthroughrepeatedcounseling.

CreativeWritingandSpeakingUnit3,Book4Somestudentsareoftencriticizedforgivingincredibleexcusesforskippingclasses.Inpairs,describewhattheconventionalexcusesstudentsoftenuse,andthen,trytothinkofatleastfivecreative,unconventionalexcusesforskippinglessons.DifficultSentencesUnit3,Book41.Asianstrytoavoidaneuroticslaverytotime,viewinglifeasapassingmomentineternity.Theenjoythesenseof“zerogravity”thatcomesfromtravellingwithoutanimmediategoaloranurgentobjective.亞洲人盡力避免成為神經(jīng)質(zhì)的時間奴隸。在他們看來，生活只是永恒中的匆匆一瞬。他們喜歡旅游所帶來的那種“失重”感,沒有近期目標，也沒有緊急任務(wù)。anattitudeinlifewhichmakesoneboundtobusyschedules,rushtomeetthedeadlinesallthetimesothatonehasnoleisureorfreedomtoenjoylifeaconceptfromphysics.Itmeansasituationinwhichanobjectisnotsubjecttothepullofamass,suchastheearth,liketheexperienceofthespacemanwalkinginthespaceUnit3,Book42.Butthisisunwarrantedinanurbancivilization.ItwouldgivecredencetotheacademicliteraturethatimpliesthetimeorientationinsuchacultureisinferiortothatintheWest.但是這在城市文明中是站不住腳的，它會使人相信此種文化的時間觀念比西方的時間觀念遜色這一學術(shù)論調(diào)。recommendation,credentialse.g.aletterofcredence

介紹信atendencyofthought;ageneralinclinatione.g.aMarxistorientation馬克思主義傾向havingnojustification;groundlesse.g.unwarrantedinterference

無理干涉Unit3,Book43.Buthowwereacttolatecomersinoursociallivesisamatterofindividualchoice.Intheworldofmodernbusinesswecannotaffordthatflexibility.可是，如何對待社會生活中的那些遲到者卻是個人問題；而在現(xiàn)代商業(yè)領(lǐng)域，我們不容許有這種靈活性。Thismeansthatinthebusinessworldeveryonemustobservepunctuality.Unit3,Book44.Somecompaniesmaychoosetostaggertheopeningandclosingtimefortheirofficestoenableemployeestoavoidtherushhour.Butthatdoesnotmeanthereisnolongeraneedforpunctuality.一些公司可能會主動改變上下班時間，以使雇員能夠避開交通高峰期。但那并不是說就不再需要守時。a.toplaceonorasifonalternatingsidesofacenterline;setinazigzagroworrowse.g.Theaterseatsthatwerestaggeredforclearviewing.

戲院的椅子都被錯開了，為的是清楚地觀看。b.toarrangeinalternatingoroverlappingtimeperiodse.g.staggeredthenurses'shifts護士互相交錯值班.aperiodofheavytrafficLanguageWorkInOtherWordsWorkwithSentencesWordStudyUnit3,Book4Unit3,Book4InOtherWords1.HesaidontheeveoftheNewYearthathewantedtomakealistofNewYearresolutions.But,hissistersneeredandsaidthatshewas_______abouthisdecision.2.Moviesthatarenothingbut______ofsentimentallovehavelittleappealtotoday’saudience.3.Someeditorsofnewspapersandmagazinesoftengotoextremestoprovide___________detailsoffamouspeople’sprivatelife.4.ThePrimeMinisterdeliveredaspeechto_______thegovernment’sdecisiontoparticipateintheUNpeacekeepingaction.Fillintheblankswiththefollowingwords.(Page48)untrustworthydubiousinsightjustifyunwarrantedclichediscardfadUnit3,Book45.Yearsofexperienceasasalesmangavehima/an_______intothetoughnessofthebusinessworld.6.Mrs.Jonesalwaysfindshercleaningmaids_____________andshehiresanddismissesthemwithsuchafrequencythatshehasnevergotachancetoremembertheirnames.7.Languagestudentsshould,firstofall,________themisconceptionthattheycanlearnalanguagewithclearandultimatesuccess.8.Travellingtoremoteareas,oreventounhabitatedregionshasbecomea/an_____amongcitydwellers.untrustworthydiscardinsightfadunwarrantedjustifydubiousclicheWorkwithSentencesUnit3,Book41.Manypeopletriedtheirluckinthelottery,thoughtheyknewtheprobabilityofwinningthefirstprizewasquiteslim.2.Thosewhorecklesslydestroyrainforestsshouldfeelashamedfortheirstupidact.3.Theearthhasofferedallithastonourishhumanbeings,buttheyjustbenefitfromitwithoutshowinganygratefulnessinreturn.

onceinabluemoon.guiltyRewritethesentenceswiththeexpressionsinthebox.(Page49)take…forgrantedbeguiltyofshowuponthesurfacedisregard…as…breakone’shabitinferiortoonceinabluemoontake

thegenerosityoftheplanetforgranted.Unit3,Book44.Goodsonsalearenotnecessarilypoorerinqualitythanthosesoldatnormalprices.5.Primatesareseeminglythesuitablecandidateforxenotransplants,butthesamevirusesthatinfectmonkeysandapesareverylikelytoinfecthumans.6.Thehosthadexpectedthirtyguestsbutfinallymorethanfortyarrivedattheparty.7.Badhabitsareeasytomakebutdifficulttoeliminate.8.Expertsineducationdonotthinkboys'assertivenessistheonlyreasonforclassroomsexism.Onthesurface,

primatesarethesuitablecandidate

forshowedupattheparty.Badhabitsareeasytomakebutdifficulttobreak.Expertsineducationdisregardboys'assertivenessastheonlyreasonforclassroomsexism.Goodsonsalearenotnecessarilyinferiorinqualitytothosesoldatnormalprices.WordStudy(Page49)Unit3,Book4StudythewordsorexpressionsinPartatogetherwiththemodelsinPartb.Explainthewordsorexpressionsbasedonthemodelsentences.ThentranslatethemodelsentencesintoChinese.FinishPartb:Usethepromptstoproducesentences.Unit3,Book41.TomanyAsians,lifeisalongjourneyandhappinessissimplynotamatteroftime.對許多亞洲人來說，生活是一次漫長的旅行,幸福絕對不是一個時間問題。beamatterof+(lifeanddeath,opinion,personaltaste/choice/preference,principle)Noarticleorpluralformisusedwiththesenounsinthisstructure.V-ingformcanbeusedinplaceofthenoun.e.g.1.Doctor,pleasecomequickly;it’samatteroflifeanddeath.2.Itwouldonlybeamatteroftimebeforehewentthroughwithit.Unit3,Book41.a.Tomanypeople,skatingisjustamatterofpractice.b.Dealingwiththeseproblemsisallamatterofexperience.c.Successinbusinessissimplyamatterofknowingwhentograbachance.1.TomanyAsians,lifeisalongjourneyandhappinessissimplynotamatteroftime.Unit3,Book42.Onthesurface,itmightseemthatamanagermayhavetobemoretolerantaboutpunctualitywithsomeculturalgroupsthanothers.表面上看來，管理者會不得不對一些文化群體比對另一些文化群體在守時方面更寬容一些。allowingpeopletobehaveinawaythatmaynotpleaseone,withoutbecomingannoyed2.a.There'sageneralfeelingthatthepresidenthasbeentootolerantofcorruption.b.Itseemsthatpeopleinthistownaremoretolerantofchildreninpublicplaces.c.Itissaidthatherownmistakesmadeherverytoleranttowardsthefaultsofothers.3.Butthisisunwarrantedinanurbancivilization.但是這在城市文明中是站不住腳的。unwarranted+(interference/intrusion/criticism,etc.)withoutgoodreason,notwithjustcausee.g.Heaccusedthepoliceofusingunwarrantedbrutality.3.a.Thecompanydirectorclaimedsuchcriticismwasunwarrantedandunjust.b.Suchfearsarecompletelyunwarrantednow.c.Thewhite,malesupremacyintheWestistotallyunwarrantedintoday'scivilizedworld.Unit3,Book4Unit3,Book44.Wedonotthinkthattheyaretakingourfriendshiporaffectionforgranted.我們認為他們不會不把我們的友誼和親情當回事兒。

acceptafact,action,etc.withoutquestioningtakeitforgran