山西省忻州市衛(wèi)村學(xué)校2021年高二英語期末試卷含解析

山西省忻州市衛(wèi)村學(xué)校2021年高二英語期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Whatcountsinlifeisnotthemerefactthatwehavelivedbutitisdifferencewehavemadetothelivesofothersthatwilldeterminethesignificanceofthelifewelead.

A.what

B.which

C.that

D.where參考答案：A2.ThetwoiPadsarebothinfashionandofgoodquality,but_____ofthemarenotonsale.Soyou’dbettermakeyourdecisionassoonaspossible.A.all

B.either

C.neither

D.both參考答案：d略3.Thestudentshavesomeproblems________thiswork.A.finish

B.finishedC.finishing

D.willfinish參考答案：Chave作“有”解時(shí)，接情感名詞作賓語后，再接“indoingsth.”，in可省略。即“havedifficulty/trouble/fun/ahardtime/agoodtime(in)doingsth.”。4.Themanwas________tosixyearsinprisonfortreatinghiswifecruelly.

A.condemned

B.arrested

C.accused

D.assumed參考答案：A略5.–DoyouknowAnna’stelephonenumber?–____.Asamatteroffact,Idon’tknowanyAnna,either.A.Ithinkso

B.I’mafraidnotC.Ihopeso

D.I’drathernot參考答案：B6.--Didn’tyoutellTomaboutthemeeting?

---_______Isaidtohimgoesinoneearandouttheother.

A.However

B.Nomatterhow

C.Whatever

D.Nomatterwhat參考答案：C略7.Thesceneinwhichhisfriendwaseatenbytheshark_______itselftohimeachtimehesawthephoto,whichlefthimindeepsorrowandfright.

A.presented

B.reflected

C.impressed

D.informed參考答案：A8.Jennynearlymissedthefight__________doingtoomuchshopping

A.asaresultof

B.intermsof

C.regardlessof

D.ontopof參考答案：A略9.Heexpressedhis______formusicinhisnewbook.A.patent

B.passionC.pension

D.patience參考答案：B【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他在他的新書中表達(dá)了他對(duì)音樂的熱愛。passion激情，熱愛，熱情。patent專利;專利權(quán)。pension退休金，養(yǎng)老金。patience忍耐;耐心。分析選項(xiàng)可知B項(xiàng)符合題意，故選B。10.Doctorsrecommendedthatamodernhospital_________.A.beingbuilt

B.bebuilt

C.shouldbuild

D.build參考答案：B略11.

Hiswife,towhomhe_____for20years,diedofcancerlastThursday.

A.hadmarried

B.hasbeenmarriedC.hasmarried

D.hadbeenmarried參考答案：D12.________atthecafeteriabefore,Tinadidn’twanttoeatthereagain.

A.Havingeaten

B.Toeat

C.Eat

D.Eating參考答案：A13.NotuntilIshoutedatthetopofmyvoice________hishead．A．didheturn

B．heturned

C．didn’theturn

D．hadheturned參考答案：A14.__________Iseehim,helookssad.

A.Everynowandthen

B.Everynowandagain

C.Everysooften

D.Everytime 參考答案：D略15.Shelookedveryangry.________,shemisunderstoodme.

A.Generally

B.Apparently

C.Altogether

D.Merely參考答案：B略16.-WithAmericantechcompaniescuttingtieswithChina'sHuaiwei,US___________theglobaleconomicrecoverynow.-Ican’tagreemore.Ibelievemoredamageisontheway.A.isdamaging B.hasdamaged C.damaged D.haddamaged參考答案：A【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：——隨著美國科技公司切斷與中國華為的聯(lián)系，美國正在損害全球經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇?！彝耆?。我相信更多的破壞正在發(fā)生。根據(jù)句中的now可知，句子用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，且主語是US，單數(shù)第三人稱，故答案為A。17.---Idon’tagreethatit’sacompletewasteofmoney.---

.A.SoamI

B.SodoI

C.NeitherdoI

D.NeitheramI參考答案：C二、短文改錯(cuò)18.單句改錯(cuò)71.SheisthemosthonestpersonthatI’veeverseen.Shemustn’thavetakenyoure-bookwithoutpermission.72.Althoughhadnotimetoattendtheconference,hestillfollowedtheprogressclosely.73.WhenthepeacegroupleftAfricalastmonth,theysetupmorethan200orphanages.74.Thesesnakeswerefedonrats.However,withtheextinctionofthesnakes,thepopulationofratsrose.75.Yourneighborsdon’tmindyourplaytheviolin,butIstilldon’tthinkit’sagoodideatodoitatmidnight.76.Whenshecomestoshoppingandeating,Gabican’thelptalkingendlessly.77.Itwasstronglyrecommendedthatparticipantsworebootstoprotecttheankles.However,shejustworeflip-flops.78.Atthereception,IwasintroducedtoBillGates,whichchildhoodfriendhappenstobemycollegefriend.79.Thiscountrymadeupoftwentystates,threeofwhichareclaimingtogoindependent.80.Mr.Jackson,experiencedupsanddowns,finallyfoundwhatreallymatteredinlife.參考答案：71.SheisthemosthonestpersonthatI’veeverseen.Shemustn’thavetakenyoure-bookwithoutpermission.

can’t

72.Although∧hadnotimetoattendtheconference,hestillfollowedtheprogressclosely.Although后加he/had→having

73.WhenthepeacegroupleftAfricalastmonth,they∧setupmorethan200orphanages.had

74.Thesesnakeswerefedonrats.However,withtheextinctionofthesnakes,thepopulationofratsrose.were

75.Yourneighborsdon’tmindyourplaytheviolin,butIstilldon’tthinkit’sagoodideatodoitatmidnight.

playing

76.Whenshecomestoshoppingandeating,Gabican’thelptalkingendlessly.it

77.Itwasstronglyrecommendedthatparticipantsworebootstoprotecttheankles.However,shejustworeflip-flops.wear

78.Atthereception,IwasintroducedtoBillGates,whichchildhoodfriendhappenstobemywhose

collegefriend.79.Thiscountry∧madeupoftwentystates,threeofwhichareclaimingtogoindependent.is

80.Mr.Jackson,∧experiencedupsanddowns,finallyfoundwhatreallymatteredinlife.having【71題詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone。句意：她是我見過的最誠實(shí)的人。未經(jīng)允許，她不可能拿走你的電子書。can’thavedone表否定推斷，推測(cè)肯定沒做。沒有mustn’thavedone這樣的用法。根據(jù)句意，故mustn’t→can’t?！?2題詳解】考查增加詞/省略句。句意：盡管他沒有時(shí)間參加會(huì)議，但他仍然密切關(guān)注著進(jìn)展。Although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，狀語從句缺少主語，所以補(bǔ)充主語he。或者將had改成having，構(gòu)成省略句。故Although后加he/had→having?！?3題詳解】考查增加詞。句意：當(dāng)和平組織上月離開非洲時(shí)，他們已經(jīng)建立了200多個(gè)孤兒院。分析句子可知，setup發(fā)生在left之前，所以用過去完成時(shí)。故They后加had?！?4題詳解】考查刪除多余詞。句意：這些蛇以老鼠為食。feedon“以……為食”，通常用來指動(dòng)物。所以本句為主動(dòng)。故去掉were?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：你的鄰居不介意你拉小提琴，但我仍然不認(rèn)為午夜拉小提琴是個(gè)好主意。mindone’sdoing“介意做某事”。故play→playing?！?6題詳解】考查代詞。句意：說到購物和吃飯，加比忍不住沒完沒了地聊天。Whenitcomestosth“當(dāng)提及……”為固定短語。故she→it

。【77題詳解】考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。句意：強(qiáng)烈建議參與者穿靴子保護(hù)腳踝。itisrecommendedthat+主語+（should）+動(dòng)詞原形是固定句型，從句中用虛擬語氣。故wore→wear?！?8題詳解】考查關(guān)系代詞。句意：在招待會(huì)上，我被介紹給比爾·蓋茨，他兒時(shí)的朋友恰好是我的大學(xué)朋友。分析句子可知，BillGates為先行詞，在定語從句中作childhood的定語，所以用關(guān)系代詞whose。根據(jù)句意，故which→whose?！?9題詳解】考查增加詞。句意：這個(gè)國家由二十個(gè)州組成，其中三個(gè)州聲稱獨(dú)立。bemadeupof“由……組成”為固定短語。故made前加is

?！?0題詳解】考查增加詞。句意：杰克遜經(jīng)歷了起起落落，終于發(fā)現(xiàn)了生活中真正重要的東西。分析句子可知，Mr.Jackson與experience在邏輯上是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且experience發(fā)生在found之前，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)形式。故experienced前加having。【點(diǎn)睛】虛擬語氣用于主語從句中:1.Itis(was)important(necessary,desirable,imperative,advisable,incredible,urgent,possible,essential,natural,preferable,insistent,crucial,better,best,ridiculous,vital)that。2.Itis(was)apity(shame,wonder,must,suggestion,proposal,requirement,request,desire,order,recommendation)that…。3.Itis(was)desired(arranged,decided,ordered,proposed,requested,recommended,suggested,settled)that…等句型的主語從句中，其謂語用“should+動(dòng)詞原形(其中should可以省略)”來構(gòu)成虛擬語氣。小題7是itisrecommendedthat+從句，其從句謂語用“should+動(dòng)詞原形(其中should可以省略)”來構(gòu)成虛擬語氣。故填wear。19.短文中共有10處錯(cuò)誤，錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在此符號(hào)下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。OfallthebooksI'veread,IlikeRobinsonCrusoebest,thatisoneofthefamousBritishwriterDanielDefoe'sgreatestwork.ThemaincharacterofthenovelisRobinsonCrusoe,whowastrappedonadisasterduringaboattour.Hehadtoswimtoalonelyislandandlivedthereformanyyears.Therewerenootherpeopleonaremoteisland,andtherewasnofoodforhim.Hefightagainstvariousnaturaldisastersanddiseasesalonebrave.Hetriedhisbesttoovercomingallthedifficultiesandsavedfinally.Afterreadingthenovel,IamreallymovedbyRobinsonCrusoe'sspirit,whichhasbeentaughtmethatsomethingisdifficultifyougowithcourage.參考答案：OfallthebooksI'veread,IlikeRobinsonCrusoebest,thatisoneofthefamous

whichBritishwriterDanielDefoe'sgreatestwork.Themaincharacterofthenovelis

worksRobinsonCrusoe,whowastrappedonadisasterduringaboattour.Hehadtoswim

intoalonelyislandandlivedthereformanyyears.Therewerenootherpeopleona

theremoteisland,andtherewasnofoodforhim.Hefightagainstvariousnatural

foughtdisastersanddiseasesalonebrave.Hetriedhisbesttoovercomingallthe

bravely

overcome

difficultiesand∧savedfinally.Afterreadingthenovel,Iamreallymovedby

wasRobinsonCrusoe'sspirit,whichhasbeentaughtmethatsomethingisdifficultif

去掉

nothingyougowithcourage.這里含有一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，所以第一句that→which。Oneof+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以第一句work→works.Betrappedin是固定用法，意思是被困在。特指“這次航海旅行”，所以用定冠詞。發(fā)生在過去的事情，所以使用一般過去時(shí)。用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。Tryone’sbesttodosth.是固定用法，意思是盡某人最大的努力做某事?！八焙汀熬取敝g是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。RobinsonCrusoe'sspirit與teach之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用主動(dòng)語態(tài)。..............三、閱讀理解20.ImagineamassoffloatingwasteistwotimesthesizeofthestateofTexas.Texashasalandareaofmorethan678,000squarekilometers.Soitmightbedifficulttoimagineanythingtwiceasbig.Alltogether,thismassofwasteflowingintheNorthPacificOceanisknownastheGreatPacificOceanGarbagePatch.Itweighsabout3,500,000tons.Thewasteincludesbags,bottlesandcontainers—plasticproductsofallkinds.TheeasternpartoftheGreatPacificOceanGarbagePatchisabout1,600kilometerswestofCalifornia.ThewesternpartiswestoftheHawaiianIslandsandeastofJapan.Theareahasbeendescribedasakindofoceanicdesert,withlightwindsandslowmovingwatercurrents(流,流動(dòng)).Thewatermovessoslowthatgarbagefromallovertheworldcollectsthere.Inrecentyears,therehavebeengrowingconcernsaboutthefloatinggarbageanditseffectonseacreaturesandhumanhealth.Scientistssaythousandsofanimalsgettrappedinthefloatingwaste,resultingindeathorinjury.Evenmorediefromalackoffoodorwaterafterswallowingpiecesofplastic.Thetrashcanalsomakeanimalsfeelfull,diminishingtheirdesiretoeatordrink.Thefloatinggarbagealsocanhaveharmfuleffectsonpeople.Thereisanincreasedthreatofinfection(感染)ofdiseasefrompollutedwaste,andfromeatingfishthatswallowedwaste.Diverscanalsogettrappedintheplastic.Itsexistencefirstgainedpublicattentionin1997.ThatwaswhenracingboatcaptainandoceanographerCharlesMooreandhiscrewsailedintothegarbagewhilereturningfromaracingevent.Fiveyearsearlier,anotheroceanographerlearntofthetrashafterashipmentofrubberduckiesgotlostatsea.ManyofthosetoysarenowpartoftheGreatPacificOceanGarbagePatch.12.Thefirstparagraphiswrittento

.A.leadinthetopicofthetextB.inspirereaders’imaginationC.developreaders’interestinTexasD.talkaboutreasonsforwaterpollution13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diminishing”inParagraph4mean?A.Increasing.

B.Determining.C.Weakening.

D.Reserving.14.Whatcanweinferaboutthefloatinggarbageaccordingtothetext?A.Itgivesrisetovariousdiseases.B.Itdoesgreatharmtoseaanimals.C.Causesofitstillremainunknown.D.Effortstoclearithavebeenmade.15.Whatistheauthorspurposeinwritingthetext?A.Towarnpeopleaboutdangersofdivingintheocean.B.ToexplorethefutureoftheNorthPacificOcean.C.Tocallonpeopletoprotectoceanenvironment.D.Todisplaysomefactsaboutfloatingwaste.參考答案：12.A

13.C

14.B

15.D本文敘述了得克薩斯州有大量的垃圾漂浮物竟然是它的州面積的兩倍。這些垃圾漂流物是塑料制品，這些受污染的塑料制品會(huì)通過食物鏈來影響人類，它們也會(huì)對(duì)海洋中的生物以及人類的健康有影響。12.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段”ImagineamassoffloatingwasteistwotimesthestateofTexas.Texashasalandareaofmorethan678000squarekilometers.Soitmightbedifficulttoimagineanythingtwiceasbig.”可知，作者拿得克薩斯州與大量的垃圾漂浮物進(jìn)行比較從而引出本文話題。故選A。13.C詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段倒數(shù)第二句Evenmorediefromalackoffoodorwaterafterswallowingpiecesofplastic.和下句中的also，可知，垃圾也能使動(dòng)物感到飽足，減少它們吃東西的欲望。劃線詞的意思是C.Weakening.減弱。14.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一句Inrecentyears,therehavebeengrowingconcernsaboutthefloatinggarbageanditseffectonseacreaturesandhumanhealth.漂浮垃圾會(huì)對(duì)海洋生物帶來很大的危害。故選B。15.D作者意圖題。本文通過介紹太平洋上漂浮的大量的塑料垃圾廢物的情況，指出了它們對(duì)海洋中的生物以及人類的影響，故選D。21.There’sanewfrontier(新領(lǐng)域)in3Dprintingthat’sbeginningtocomeintofocus:food.Recentdevelopmenthasmadepossiblemachinesthatprint,cook,andservefoodsonamassscale.Andtheindustryisn’tstoppingthere.FoodproductionWitha3Dprinter,acookcanprintcomplicated(復(fù)雜的)chocolatesculpturesandbeautifulpiecesfordecorationonaweddingcake.Noteverybodycandothat—ittakesyearsofexperience,butaprintermakesiteasy.ArestaurantinSpainusesaFoodinito“re-createformsandpieces”offoodthatare“exactlythesame,”freeingcookstocompleteothertasks.Inanotherrestaurant,allofthedishesanddessertsitservesare3D-printed,ratherthanfarmtotable.NutritionFuture3Dfoodprinterscouldmakeprocessedfoodhealthier.HodLipson,aprofessoratColumbiaUniversity,said,“Foodprintingcouldallowconsumerstoprintfoodtomeettheirownnutritionalneeds,likevitamins.Soinsteadofeatingapieceofyesterday’sbreadfromthesupermarket,you’deatsomethingbakedjustforyouondemand.”ChallengesDespiterecentadvancementsin3Dfoodprinting,theindustryhasmanychallengestoovercome.Currently,mostingredientsmustbechangedtoapaste(糊狀物)beforeaprintercanusethem,andtheprintingprocessisquitetime-consuming,becauseingredientsinteractwitheachotherinverycomplexways.Ontopofthat,mostofthe3Dfoodprintersnowarerestrictedtodryingredients,becausemeatandmilk