精人教版八年級英語下Unit6-Unit10知識點(diǎn)歸納

人教版八年級英語下Unit6-Unit10知識點(diǎn)歸納Unit6Anoldmantriedtomovethemountains1、重點(diǎn)短語1.onceuponatime從前2.continuetodosth.繼續(xù)做某事3.makesth.h叩pen使某事發(fā)生4.trytodosth.試圖做某事（區(qū)別trydoing）5.thejourneytosp 之旅6，laughat嘲笑7.puton穿上（動(dòng)作）/wear穿（狀態(tài)）/dress（n/v穿著，一般不接賓語）8.alittlebit有點(diǎn)兒9.keepdoingsth.堅(jiān)持做某事10.giveupdoing放棄11.fallinlovewith愛上（beinlovewith）12.bebravetodosth.勇敢煩人做某事13.getmarried結(jié)婚14.themaincharacter主要人物；主人公15.atothertimes在另夕b一些時(shí)候16.walktotheotherside走到另一邊去17.afairytale一個(gè)神話18.therestofthestory故事的其余部分19.leavesb.todosth.讓某人做某事20.makeaplantodosth.籌劃/做某事21.leadsb.tosp.把某人領(lǐng)到某地22.getlost迷路23.changeone'splan改變24.inthemoonlight在月光下25.findone'swayhome找到某人回家的路二、重點(diǎn)短語句型.workon從事，致力于workfor…為…做事workas....作為….工作workout解決，算出.send（sent）派遣，打發(fā)；發(fā)送，寄Sentsbtodosth.派某人做某事sendfor派人去請；sendsb.sth.=sendsth.tosb.寄給某人某物3.remind提醒，使想起remindsb.ofsth.使某人想起某事/人remindsb.todosth.提醒某人去做某事remind+that從句提醒Hiswordsremindedustheexperienceinthemountainlastyear.A.atC.withC.toD.of4.insteadof代替；而不是Instead一般位于句首或句尾，放在句首用逗號隔開Insteadof一般位于句中，后可接名詞，代詞或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式5，turn…into變成；翻譯成Turnon打開turnof關(guān)閉turnup（聲音）調(diào)大turndown（聲音）調(diào)小inturn輪流turnleft向左轉(zhuǎn)turnaround轉(zhuǎn)身byturns交替.comeout出版，發(fā)表；出來；（花）開放.becomeinterestedin(doing)sth…?對(做)某事 感興趣8,can'tstopdoingsth忍不住做某事9.findout表弄明白，搞清楚(主要側(cè)重原因)Find強(qiáng)調(diào)我的結(jié)果lookfor尋找，強(qiáng)調(diào)我的動(dòng)作5.Ittakesb.sometimetodosth..做某事花費(fèi)某人多長時(shí)間Becausetheyweresobigthatittookalongtimetowalktotheotherside.6.…not....util十從句直到…才….Don'teatituntilyougettotheforest.etmarried結(jié)婚【拓展】marryv嫁娶⑴AmarryB."A與B結(jié)婚"BillmarriedMaryonJanuary1,1994.AandBgetmarried=AandBaremarriedA和B結(jié)婚getmarried結(jié)婚KateandTomgetmarriedlastyear.marryAtoB"把A嫁給B"Shemarriedherdaughtertoarichman.Catherinegotmarriedapolicemantwentyyearsago.A.withB.forC.toD./Grammar:引導(dǎo)狀語從句的連詞unless,assoonas,so..thatunless引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句unless=if?not除非，表示否定，若主句時(shí)一般將來時(shí)，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)Theywillgotomorrowunlessitrains.=Theywillgotomorrowifitdoesn'trains.assoonas引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句?！??就，若主句是一般將來時(shí)，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來Hewillcomeandseeyouassoonashecan.so…….that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，意為如此…以至于..句型1：主語+謂語+so+形容詞/副詞+that從句Thewindwassostrongthatwecouldhardlymoveforward.句型2：so+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)名詞+that從句Itwassohotadaythattheyallwentswimming.句型3.so+many/few+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+that從句Hehassofewfriendsthatheoftenfeelslonely.句型4：so+much/little+不可數(shù)名詞+that從句IhadsolittlemoneythatIcouldn'tbuyapen.Unit7What'sthehighestmountainintheworld?一、重點(diǎn)短語1.asbigas與 一樣大2.oneoftheoldestcountries最古老的國家之一3.feelfreetodosth隨意地做某事4.asfarasIknow據(jù)我所知5.man-madeobjects人造物體6.partof 的組成部分9.anyothermountain其他任何一座山10.ofallthesaltlakes在所有的咸水湖中11.runalong跨越 12.freezingweather冰凍的天氣13.takeinair呼吸空氣14.thefirstpeopletodosth.第一個(gè)做某事的人15.inthefaceofdifficulties面臨危險(xiǎn)16.giveupdoingsth.放棄做某事17.achieveone'sdream實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的夢想18.theforcesofnature自然界的力量19.reachthetop到達(dá)頂峰20upto一直到多達(dá)至多有21.atbirth出生時(shí)22.beawake醒著23.runoverwithexcitement興奮地跑過去24.walkintosb.撞到某人25.fallover摔倒26.takecareof照顧;照料27.everytwoyears?每兩年28.cutdowntheforests砍伐林木(cutitdown)29.endangeredanimals瀕危動(dòng)物30.fewerandfewerpandas大熊貓?jiān)絹碓缴?1.beindanger處于危險(xiǎn)之中32.theimportanceofsavingtheseanimals拯救這些動(dòng)物的重要性二、重點(diǎn)短語句型1.Itis/was+adj.+(forsb.)todosth.做某事對某人來說怎么樣Itisalsoveryhardtotakeinairasyougetnearthetop.2.eventhough即使=(evenif)弓|導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句Although."，….(!不能加But)盡管..AlthoughJapanisolderthanCanada，itismuchsmaller..high既可以做形容詞，又可做副詞，表離地面的距離，其反義詞是lowTall只能做形容詞，表人，樹木等細(xì)長物的高，其反義詞是tect...from/against..保護(hù)…免受...succeed（v.）indoingsth.成功做某事（failtodosth）successn.做不可數(shù)名詞，意為成功；做可數(shù)名詞，意為成功的人或事successfuladj.successfullyadv..forcesb.todosth./forcesbintodoingsth.迫使某人做某事.times倍表示"人比B長（寬，高，大，重等）N倍時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為A+be+基數(shù)詞（N+1）+times+形容詞比較級+than+B"Thehallisfivetimesbiggerthanourclassroom表A的長度（寬度，大小，重量等）時(shí)B的N倍，可用A+be+基數(shù)詞（N）+times+as+形容詞原級+as+BThistreeisthreetimesastallasthatone..remaining為形容詞，意為，剩余的，常做前置定語theremainingbooksLeft是leave的過去分詞形式，表"剩余的"時(shí)，做后置定語。Themoneyleft.9.sb.spend/spenttime/moneydoingsth.某人花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢做某事Adultpandasspendmorethan12hoursadayeatingabout10kilosofbamboo.形容詞副詞的原級、比較級和最高級（一）原級句型:.Aisas+原級+as+B表示A與B一樣〃eg:Heisastallasme..Aisnotas/so+原級+asB表示A不如B?eg:Heisnotastallasme..只能修飾原級的詞，very,quite,so,too,so,enough,pretty等例如，Heistootiredtowalkon.他太累了以至于不能再繼續(xù)走了。（二）比較級句型可以修飾比較級的詞，much，alot，far，?的多alittle，abit，〃一點(diǎn)兒even甚至，still仍然Eg.LessonOneismucheasierthanLessonTwo.第一課比第二課容易的多。Tomlooksevenyoungerthanbefore.湯姆甚至比以前更年輕。.當(dāng)句中有than時(shí)則用比較級。eg:Heisfatterthanme..當(dāng)句子中的比較對象為兩者時(shí)用比較級："特殊疑問詞+be+形容詞比較級，AorB?"eg:Whichisbigger,theearthorthemoon?哪一個(gè)大，地球還是月球？."比較級+and+比較級"表示"越來越〃?"。eg.Theflowersaremoreandmorebeautiful.花兒越來越漂亮。加more構(gòu)成比較級的形容詞則用moreandmore+形容詞表示越來越〃eg:Englishismoreandmoreimportant.."the+比較級，the+比較級"表示"越…越〃?"。Eg.Themorecarefulyouare，thefewermistakesyou'llmake.57+56+由6+形容詞比較級+ofthetwo+,「表示？是兩者中較〃〃的"。Eg.Lookatthetwoboys.Mybrotheristhetallerofthetwo.6.A+be+形容詞比較級+than+anyother+單數(shù)名詞（+介詞短語）”表示？比同一范圍的任何一個(gè)人物都〃〃"，含義是"A最〃?"。Eg.TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyotherriverinChina.=TheYangtzeRiveristhelongestriverinChina.（三）最高級常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)."主語+be+the+形容詞最高級+單數(shù)名詞+in/of短語"表示"〃〃是〃〃中最〃〃的“。eg:Tomisthetallestinhisclass./ofallthestudents.Thisappleisthebiggestofthefive.."主語+be+oneofthe+形容詞最高級+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+in/of短語"表示"〃〃是??中最〃?之一”。Eg:BeijingisoneofthelargestcitiesinChina.."特殊疑問詞+be+the+最高級+A,B,orC?”用于三者以上egWhichisthebiggest?Themoon,thesunortheearth?."the+序數(shù)詞+最高級+單數(shù)名詞+范圍"。表示〃是第幾大（?）eg:TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.【注意】形容詞最高級之前要加the，但當(dāng)最高級之前有形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格時(shí)則不用加theeg:Heisthebeststudentinmyclass.Heismybestfriend.Unit8HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet?一、重點(diǎn)短語1.thebackofthebook書的背面2.attheendoftheday傍晚時(shí)候3.hurryup趕決匆忙4.goouttosea出海5.anislandfulloftreasures一個(gè)滿是寶藏的島嶼6.writeabout關(guān)于的內(nèi)容7.finishdoingsth.做完某事8.waitforanothership等待另一艘船到來9.growfruitsandvegetables種水果和蔬菜10.themarksofanotherman'sfeet另一個(gè)人的腳印11.notlongafterthat不久之后12.runtowardssp.跑向某地13.use...todosth.用 來做某事14.signsleftbehindbysomeone某人留下的標(biāo)記15.agoodwaytowakeup醒來的一個(gè)好辦法16.thenumberofpeople人數(shù)（謂動(dòng)單數(shù)）17.bekindtoeachother善待彼此18.trustoneanother互相信任19.thebeautyofnature大自然的美20.dosomeresearchonsth.對 做研究21.hopetodosth.希望做某事22.seesb.dosth.看到某人做某事23.thefirstlineinthesong歌曲的第一行24.enjoysuccessin享受…的成功二、重點(diǎn)短語句型Have(has)you(he/she..)…..yet?—HaveyoureadLittleWomenyet?—Yes，Ihave./No,Ihaven't.yet為副詞，意為"還，已經(jīng)"多用于否定句和疑問句中，通常放于句末，notyet意思是尚未；還沒有，通常用于否定回答What'ssb.like?用于提問人的性格，品質(zhì)等，like介詞Whatdoessb.looklike用于提問人得長相，外貌，like為介詞Whatdoessb.like用于提問人的愛好，某人喜歡什么，like為動(dòng)詞befullof=befilledwith充滿4，decidetodosth=makeadecisiontodosth,決定做某事.intwoweeks在兩周之內(nèi)，in表"在…之后"通常與將來時(shí)態(tài)連用。IwillbebackinaweekAfter常用在一般過去時(shí)的句子中。HegottoBeijingaftertwohours..bringback帶回，歸還；使..回憶起，使恢復(fù).Loseone'slife喪生life意為性命，是可數(shù)名詞Life泛指一般意義的"生活"時(shí)，為不可數(shù)名詞。Ou門ifeisgettingbetterandbetter.Life表示某種方式的“生活"時(shí)，常用單數(shù)形式。Wearelivingah叩pylife..can'twaittodosth.迫不及待地做某事化2壯弋helpdoing$由。情不自禁做某事）.usedtodo過去常常做…beusedtodoing習(xí)慣做…beusedtodosth被用來做某事現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（PresentPerfectTense）（1）表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果?！狪t'ssodark.太黑了。一Someonehasturnedoffthelight.有人把燈關(guān)上了。表示從過去某一時(shí)間開始并一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與since+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，for+一段時(shí)間，since+時(shí)間段+ego,sofar等時(shí)間狀語連用。Eg.Ihavelivedherefortenyears.我已經(jīng)住在這里10年了。從10年前開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還住這兒）Eglhavelivedheresince2003.自從2003年我就住在這兒。從2003年開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還住這兒）（2）基本結(jié)構(gòu)及句型轉(zhuǎn)換主語+have/has+過去分詞（done）（當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)h25其余人稱用have。）肯定句：主語+have/has+過去分詞+其他Ihavefinishedmyhomework.（肯定句）否定句：主語+have/has+not+過去分詞+其他Ihavenotfinishedmyhomework.（否定句）一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+過去分詞+其他一Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?一Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven't,（一般疑問句及肯定、否定回答）（3）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志：①常與just,already,yet,ever,never,before,sofar等連用，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的完成，不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)。HaveyoueverbeentoJapan?Ihavejustfinishedmyhomework.②for+時(shí)間段；since+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)；since+段時(shí)間ago；since十一般過去時(shí)的句子。Theyhaveknowneachotherforfiveyears.Sincehewasachild,hehaslivedinEngland.4).hasgone(to),hasbeen(to),hasbeen(in)的區(qū)別Have/Hasgone(to):去了(現(xiàn)在不在說話現(xiàn)場)Eg.---Whereisyourfather？---HehasgonetoShanghai.Have/Hasbeen(to)法過(已不在去過的地方)Eg.MyfatherhasbeentoShanghai.Have/hasbeenin:呆了多久(還在所呆的地方)Eg.MyfatherhasbeeninShanghaifortwomonths.=MyfatherhasbeeninShanghaisincetwomonthsago.Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoamuseum?一、重點(diǎn)短語1.atnight在夜晚2.inamorenaturalenvironment在一個(gè)更加自然的環(huán)境中3.allyearround一年到頭;終年4.befarfrom離 遠(yuǎn)5.gosomewheredifferent去不同的地方6.putupatent搭帳篷7.agreatwaytospendaSaturdayafternoon一個(gè)過周六下午的好方法8.campinthemountains在大山里露營9.insucharapidway以如此迅猛的方式10.differentkindsof各種各樣的11.socialgroups社會團(tuán)體12.anEnglish-speakingcountry一個(gè)講英語的國家13.haveproblem(in)doingsth.做某事很困難14.duringthedaytime在白天15.acoupleoftimes好幾次16.rightnow現(xiàn)在；目前17.walkaroundthepark在公園里到處走18hearof聽說19.takearide兜風(fēng)20.encouragesb.todosth.鼓勵(lì)某人做某事21.ontheonehand...ontheotherhand.一方面，另一方面二、重點(diǎn)短語句型1.Neither表后者與前者情形相同'neither/nor+助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語’，其中的"助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞"在時(shí)態(tài)上與前文保持一致，而在數(shù)上與其后的主語一致Ican'tswim.NeithercanI.如果表示后者與前者情形相同.…也…時(shí)，常用so引起的倒裝句：so+助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語Ihavebeentotheartmuseummanytimes.SohaveI.2.learnabout聽到；得知；獲悉；了解=皿。3about4.Leadto導(dǎo)致污I起；造成，to為介詞，后接名詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式5.Let's…let使役動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)原Let'sgosomewheredifferenttoday.6.Itis/was+adj.+that……是???的It'sunbelievablethattechnologyhasprogressedinsucharapidway!7.Itisbesttodosth..最好做某事ItisbesttovisitSingapore...最好 游覽新加坡。8.sometimes幾次Icalledyousometimesyesterday.Sometimes有時(shí)Evenfriendsarguesometimes.Sometime一段時(shí)間Ihaven'tseenyouforsometime.Sometime在某時(shí)Isawhimsometimelastmonth.9.1）表示具體，準(zhǔn)確的數(shù)目時(shí)，hundred（百），thousand（千）million（百萬）等數(shù)詞后不加-s，也不與of連用2）當(dāng)hundred（S），thousand^）million（百萬）等數(shù)詞與of連用表不具體的數(shù)目時(shí)，詞尾必須加-sHundredsof數(shù)以百計(jì)的thousandsof數(shù)以千計(jì)的millionsof數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的10.分?jǐn)?shù)的表示四分之一二onefourth=onequarter三分之二二twothirds二分之一二ahalfUnit10I'vehadthisbikeforthreeyears.一、重點(diǎn)短語1.thesedays目前;現(xiàn)在2.regardwithgreatinterest以極大的興趣關(guān)注著3.inorderto為了4.sofar迄今倒現(xiàn)在為止5.peopleinneed需要幫助的人6.not..anymore不再 7.welcometosp_歡迎來到...8.checkout察看;觀察9.boardgames棋類游戲10.onelastthing最后一樣?xùn)|西11.juniorhighschool初級中學(xué)12.clearout清理13.nolonger不再;不復(fù)14.toymonkey猴15.partwith與 分開16.tobehonest說實(shí)在的17..rideabike騎自行車18.haveayardsale進(jìn)行庭院拍賣會19.one'soldthings某人的舊東西20.bringbacksweetmemories勾起甜美的回憶21.giveaway捐贈22.playforawhile玩一會兒23.dowith...處置處理24.searchforwork找工作25.forthelast13years在過去的13年里26.themid-20thcentury20世紀(jì)中期27.staythesame保持原狀28.accordingto依據(jù);按照29.inone'sopinion依……看30.inmytime在我那個(gè)年代二、重點(diǎn)短語句型1.Howlonghaveyou...?howlong表示（動(dòng)作，狀態(tài)持續(xù)或干某事花費(fèi)）多長時(shí)間，常用for+時(shí)間段或since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)，與動(dòng)詞連用時(shí)必須使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。HowlonghaveyoubeeninEngland?2.bringback把…送回；歸還3.inneed需要中的；困難中的Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.beinneedof 需要」^comewhenyouareinneedofhelp.4.not..anymore=nomore不再…數(shù)量（程度）不再更多（深）修飾延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞Not..anylonger（nolonger）不再…（時(shí)間不再延續(xù)）修飾延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞Idon'tridemybiketoschoolanymore=Iridemybiketoschoolnomore.Theynolongerlivehere.5.Itseems+that從句=從句主語+seem(s)to 看起來..Itseemsthatshehassth.tosay=Sheseemstohavesthtosay.6.regard.?.as.....把…認(rèn)為；把…視為二consider…with..7.inmemoryof為紀(jì)念8.Some…Others…一些…另一些….Other表示"另一個(gè)或另一些"是泛指，當(dāng)形容詞或代詞用，是除自己外的"別人”只能與復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用，但other前有冠詞the即可與單數(shù)名詞連用Others表示"另一些"，是泛指。是代詞用法相當(dāng)于復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表示的意思是"不具體的某些東西"，后面不能再加名詞，指其他人，一般是3個(gè)或以上Somepeoplelikesinging,otherslikedancingSomestudentslikeEnglishandotherstudents(others)likephysics.theother是特指的另外一個(gè)，表示范圍內(nèi)的另一個(gè)(范圍內(nèi)一共兩個(gè))Ihavetwopens.Oneisredandtheotherisgreen..theothers表示范圍內(nèi)的另一些(范圍總數(shù)通常多于兩個(gè))后面不能加名詞Idon'twantthesebooks.Pleasegivemetheothers.(theothers=theotherbooks)Another是泛指，表另外的一個(gè)（有任意性）后面加可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，也可以不加名詞直接使用。Ihaveeatenanapple,butIstillwantanother（apple）Grammar:含有since和for的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)（DSince+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)加年,月舊幾點(diǎn)since1990自從1990年起since5o'clock+時(shí)間段+agosincethreemonthsago自從三個(gè)月以前+一般過去時(shí)的從句sinceyoulefthome固定句式：Itis+時(shí)間段+5訪。9+一般過去時(shí)的從句ItisfiveyearssinceIcamehere.（2）Since和for的句式轉(zhuǎn)換：Since+時(shí)間段+ago=for+時(shí)間段Theyhaven'tchangedsincetwentyyearsago/他們自從二十年前就沒有改變過。Theyhaven'tchangedfortwentyyears.他們已經(jīng)二十年沒有改變了。（3）短暫性動(dòng)詞（buy,die,join,finish等）不能直接與for,since連用，需要改變動(dòng)詞。Buy—haveborrow—keepfinish—beoverfallasleep—beasleep1)begin(start)--beon2)open--beopen3)become—be4)die--bedead5)fallasleep--beasleep6)close--beclosed7)end/finish---beover8)puton—wear.句型：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)(have/has+延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的過去分詞)+for/since...一.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Yourideasaredifficult,buttheyare(fascinate).I'mconsidering(change)anewjob.Iwillleavemynewaddressinafewdays.It'san(education)experienceforchildrentowatchthismovie.Therewere12people(kill)intheaccident,(include)twobabies.Thebeachisfamous,(especial)insummer.Whata(thrill)game!Thewinnerwasindoubtuntilthelastminute.Thevillageisfarfromthebigcity.Itlooksvery(peace).Sheisa(live)girl.Wealllikeher.Hefeelslike（do）morningexerciseseveryday.Wouldyoulike（drink）someorangejuice?二，選擇單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。well,soft,second,better,may,strongly,afraid,sand,stayup,if,now,houseWecan'tstopanearthquake（地震butwecandothingstomakesuretheydon'tdestroy（毀壞）wholecities.First,itisnota1.ideatobuildhousesalonglineswhere2.oftheearth'splates（板塊）jointogether.Second,ifyouthinkthere3.beanearthquake,itisbettertobuildhousesonrocks,noton4..Third,youmustmakethehousesas5.aspossible.Weakbuildingswillfalldowninanearthquake,butstrongonesmay6...Scientistsare7.thatonedayanevenbiggerearthquakewillhitthepartaroundSanFrancisco（舊金山）.Theycallit"TheBigOne".However,peopletodayarestillbuildingmore8..ThepopulationinandaroundSanFranciscois9.tentimesmorethanitwasin1906.Thismeansthat10.thereisanotherearthquake,agreatmanyhousesandbuildingswillbedestroyed.1.good2.two3.may4.sand5.strong6.stayup7.afraid8.houses9.now10.if三，任務(wù)型閱讀Weareinaworldfullofcompetition.Ourparentscompetewithothersintheiroffices,ourbrothersandsisterscompetewithothersintheircolleges,andwecompetewithourclassmatesins