牛津譯林版-必修二-Unit1Talesoftheunexplained省賽一等獎

Unit1Talesoftheunexplained教學(xué)設(shè)計

Presentperfecttense

1．Usedifferentmethodstopresentthepresentperfecttense．Herearesomeideas:

1)Pleaselookatthescreen．Payattentiontothedifferentformsoftheverbs:

2)Let’scompletethefollowingsentences,inwhichthepredicatepartismissing．

We_____(study)Englishforaboutfiveyears．

They_____(live)inthesouthsincetheirdaughterwasborn．

I_______(read)yourarticlethreetimes．It'swellwritten．

Thestudent________(finish)herhomeworkalready．

Eric__________(go)backtohishometowntoday．

Answers:havestudiedhavelivedhavereadhasfinishedhasgone

3)Readthefollowingsentencesandpointoutwhattenseortensesareusedinthemandthereasonswhytheyareused．

WehavestudiedEnglishforaboutfiveyears．Webegantostudyitfiveyearsago．

Theymovedtothesouthin1990andhavelivedtheresincethen．

Thestudentisdoingherhomework．Shehasn'tfinishedityet．

Ericlefthomelastyearandhasjustcomeback．

2．Wemaywonderwhysomeverbscan'tbeusedinthepresentperfecttense．Let’sreadthefollowingsentences,andtrytofinddifferentusagesofsomeverbs．

Justinhasbeenawayfromhomeforseveraldays．HedisappearedlastFriday．

Theyboughtthishousethreeyearsagoandtheyhavelivedheresincethen．

Mybrotherwenttoseemygrandpalastweek．Hehasvisitedhimthreetimesthismonth．

Soyouseewhenanactionhappensoveraperiodoftimethatbeganinthepastandcontinuestothepresent,thepresentperfecttenseisoftenused．Whenanactionhappenedatadefinitetimeinthepast,thepastsimpletenseisoftenused．

3．ReadPoints1and2onpage8tomakesurewhythepresentperfecttenseisusedinthesetwosentences．

4．GooverPoint3onpage8tolearnwhattimeexpressionscanbeusedwiththepresentperfecttense．Payattentiontothedifferentusagesbetweenalreadyandyet,orforandsince．

5．ReadPoint4onpage8tolearnthatthepresentperfecttensecanbeusedinasituationwheretheactionwascompletedonlyamomentago．Inthiscase,justisused．

6．GooverPoints5and6onpage8andnotethatwhenwewanttoexpressarepeatedaction,weusethepresentperfecttensewiththetimeexpressionsonce/twice/threetimes．．．

7．Let’sreadthediaryentryandthencompleteitusingthecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets．

Answers:

(2)saw(3)hasvisited(4)loves(5)hasn'tvisited(6)hasswum(7)hasnevermet

(8)hasdived(9)hasfound(10)hasn'tfound(11)Has,been

SummaryofThePresentPerfecttense:

1．Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutthingsthathappenedintherecentpast,butareconnectedtothepresent．

Danielhaslived(live)inBeijingsincehecametoChina．

(Connectionwiththepast:DanielcametoChina．Connectionwiththepresent:DanielislivinginChina．)

2．Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutsomethingthatstartedinthepast,andisstillhappeningnow．

camehaslived

________________________________________

pastnowfuture

3．Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutactionsthatwerecompletedonlyashorttimeago．

IwenttoEgyptin1986．IwenttoEgyptin2004．Ihavebeen(be)toEgypttwice．

4．Wecanalsousethepresentperfecttenseforrepeatedactions．

Hasiteversnowed(snow)inHongKong?

No,ithasneversnowed(snow)there．

5．Weusethepresentperfecttensewhentheexacttimeofanactionisnotclearorimportant．Weuseitwithtimeexpressionssuchas:already,ever,for,just,lately,never,recently,since,yet

Notes:

1．Weusealreadyforaffirmativestatementsandyetfornegativestatementsandinterrogativesentences．

2．Weusefor+aperiodoftimeandsince+apointoftime．

3．Structuresconnectedwiththepresentperfecttense:

1)Itis(hasbeen)+aperiodoftime+since-clause．

2)This(That/It)isthefirst(second…)time+that-clause(presentperfecttense)．

3)This(That/It)istheonly)…+that-clause(presentperfecttense)．

4)This(That/It)isthebest/finest/mostinteresting…+that-clause

Resources

Thepresentperfect

-Threehoursagoshebakedacake．Andsincethenlet’ssee…

-…She’salreadymadethebeds,writtenaletter,goneshopping,andcookeddinner．

-Andnowshe’sjustansweredthetelephoneforthefifthtime．

Englishhasaverbtense,thepresentperfect,whichservestodenotepasthappeningsthatarerelevantto,orthatstillhaveaneffectat,themomentofspeaking．Thistense,formedwiththepresentofhaveplusapastparticiple(answered,cooked,gone,written,made,andsoon),isreallyacombinationofpresentandpasttogether．Noticethekindsofadverbsandadverbialphrasesthatarecloselyassociatedwiththepresentperfect．

He’sbeenasuccessnow,Iwouldsay,since1990．

Andnowhe’sjustdecidedtoenterpolitics．

Thesimplepast,denotingpasthappeningsthatarelocalizedinthepast,contrastssharplywiththepresentperfect,ascanbeseenbestbythekindsof“time”adverbialsthatmaybeusedwithonetensebutnotwiththeother．

SimplePastPresentPerfect

yesterdaysincethen

anhouragosofar

IlearnedanewsonglastnightI’velearnedanothernow

onMondayinthelasthour

already

nownow

then×thenthen×then

(past)(future)(past)(future)

(Attentionisdrawntothepast(Attentionisdrawntothepresentknowledge

Eventandthetimeittookplace．)ofthesongandnotonthepreviousactoflearningit．)

Therefore,donotsaythingslike“I’velearnedanewsongyesterday”,whichisaverycommonmistake．

Thespeakerchoosesamongtheseandothertensesinpartaccordingtohowhefeelshimselfrelatedtotheevent．

Presentperfectcontinuoustense

Herewewilllookattwosituationsinwhichthepresentperfectcontinuoustenseisused．Notehowthetenseisformedandtrytounderstandhowthetenseisusedinsentences．Wewillpracticeformingverbsinthistenseandcompletesentences．

1．Wesometimesusethepresentperfectcontinuoustensetotalkaboutactionsthatstartedinthepastandarestillcontinuing,orhavejustfinishedbutarestillconnectedtothepresentinsomeway．Forexample．

I'vebeenwaitingforanhourandhestillhasn'tturnedup．

I'msosorryI'mlate．Haveyoubeenwaitinglong?

2．GooverPoints1and2onpage9tounderstandthistensebetter．

3．GooverPoint3toseehowthetenseisformed．

4．Fillinthemissingwords．Payattentiontotheverbformintheexamplegiveninthefirstpicture(alltheverbformsherearethepresentperfectcontinuoustense,exceptfortheoneinSentence5)．Itisatrapanddoesnotrequirethepresentperfectcontinuoustense．

Answers:

(2)havebeentalking(3)havebeentaking(4)havebeenwatching(5)haveseen(6)havebeenwriting

5．DowithPartC1onpage82inWorkbooktobecomefamiliarwiththepresentperfecttenseandthepresentperfectcontinuoustense．

Presentperfectorpresentperfectcontinuous?

1．GooverPointIonpage10toidentifywhythetwodifferenttensesareusedinthetwosentences．

Inthefirstsentence,thepresentperfecttenseisused,whichmeansthattheactionreadisn'tcontinuing,andLiJiaknowswhatthebookisaboutnow．Inthesecondsentence,thepresentperfectcontinuoustenseisused,whichmeansthattheactionreadisstillcontinuing．

2．GooverPoint2onpage10．Notethatthepresentperfectcontinuoustensecan'tbeusedwithtimeexpressionssuchastwiceorhowmanytimes,becauseinthistensetheactioniscontinuous,notstoppedandthenstartedagain．

3．GooverPoint3onpage10todefinethemeaningofastateverboranactionverb．Notethatastateverbdoesn'tmeananaction,soitcan'tbeusedinacontinuoustense．

4．Notethatthepresentperfectcontinuoustensecan'tbeusedwhenthewordsalways,never,yet,alreadyoreverareusedinasentence．

5．Finishthetwoexercisesonpage11．

Answers:

A(1)heard(2)beendoing(3)beenresearching(4)beendoing(5)started(6)done(7)read(8)found(9)started(10)beendoing(11)beenmaking

Sampleanswers:

B1．Hehasbeenwaitingatanundergroundstation．

2．TheyhavebeentravelinginaUFO．Itlookslikeasaucer．(Answersmaybevarious．)

3．TheyprobablyhavetalkedtoanimalsorplantsontheEarthaswellascreaturesonotherplanets．(Answersmaybevarious．)

4．TheyhavevisitedMars,Venus,Jupiterandsomeotherplanets．(Answersmaybevarious．)

6．DowithPartC2onpage82inWorkbooktohaveonemorechancetopracticetheusageofthetwodifferenttenses．

Resource

ThePresentPerfectContinuous

-Istillhaven’tfiguredouthowshedoesitall．

-Ihaven’teither,andI’vebeentryingnowfortenyears．

Thepresentperfecttense,likethesimplepresentandthesimplepast,hasacontinuousformaswell．Theeffectofthepresentperfectcontinuousistomakepasthappeningscontinuousthroughoutatimespanextendinguptothepresent:

SimplePast:Ilearnedanewsong(threehoursago)．

now

Hours

then×then

(past)(futu