江蘇省南京師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2021-2022高一上學(xué)期12月英語階段測試（解析版）

南京師大附中2021-2022學(xué)年度第1學(xué)期高一年級12月英語學(xué)科階段性測試注意事項考生在答題前請認(rèn)真閱讀本注意事項及各題答題要求1.本試卷滿分為100分,考試時間為70分鐘。2.答卷前,務(wù)必將姓名、班級、學(xué)號、考場號、座位號、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上3.請用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆按題號在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答,在其它位置作答一律無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分20分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1分,滿分5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的ABC三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdaydidtherugbygametakeplace?A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnMonday.2.Whatdoesthewomanwanttokeep?A.Adog.B.AcatC.Amouse.3.Wherearetheman’skeysintheend?A.Theyarebythedoor.B.Theyareinthewoman’spurseC.Theyareinoneoftheman'spockets4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.ArestaurantB.DeliciousdishesC.Afamilyactivity5.whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Togethersomesugar.B.TobuyhersomecoffeeC.Tomakehersomecookies第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題6.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.CalmB.EmbarrassedC.Worried7.Whichpartoftheman’sbodygothurt?A.Hisleg.B.HisarmC.Hishead聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題8.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.SchoolmatesB.Writerandreader.C.Teacherandstudent9.Howdoesthemangettoschoolonmostdays?A.BywalkingwithhisfriendsB.BygettingaridefromhismotherC.Byridingtheschoolbuswithhisclassmates.10.Whichsubjectisthemanweakestin?A.EnglishB.Physicaleducation.C.Science.聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.Whoorderedacake?A.Thewoman'ssisterB.ThewomanC.Thewoman’snephew12.Whatdoesthewomanfindstrange?A.Themenwereallverytall.B.ThemenwereallwearingblackglovesC.Thementalkedwiththewomanforafewminutes13.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.InabankB.InacakeshopC.Atthepolicestation聽第9段材料,回答第14至16題14.Whatwillthemanmostlikelygettoeat?A.Acheeseburger.B.Frenchfriedchips.C.Asalad15.Whydoesthemanorderdifferentlynow?A.TofeellesssickB.Toplaysportsbetter.C.Tolosemoreweight16.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?AHavingasmartdiet.B.OrderingfromarestaurantC.Participatingindifferentsports.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whattypeofeventisthespeakerattending?A.AweddingB.abirthdayparty.C.Awelcome-homeparty.18.WhyisLisa'smomunabletoattendtheevent?A.SheisillB.Shepassedaway.C.Sheisworkingoverseas19.Whatdoesthespeakeraskpeopletoholdintheend?A.Theirdrinks.B.Theirhands.C.Theirsunglasses.20.Whomightthespeakerbe?A.Lisa’sfriend.B.Lisa'shusbandC.Lisa'sfather第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)（共8小題，每小題2.5分，滿分20分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。AHenryFordgrewuponanun-electrifiedfarm.EdisonwasFord'srolemodelandasayoungmanFordtookajobattheEdisonIlluminatingCompanyworkinghiswayuptochiefengineer.In1896Fordwasthirty-threeand,thoughstillworkingforEdisonCo.,hehadcreatedhisfirstexperimentalautomobiletheFordQuadricycle2duringhisoff-time.AtanEdisoncompanypartyinNewYork,FordhadhisfirstchancetomeethisheroEdisonandwasabletoexplainhisnewautomobiletothegreatinventor.Edisonwasimpressed.Edisonissaidtohaveslammedhisfistdownandshouted,"Youngman,that’sthething!Youhaveit!Yourcarisself-containedandcarriesitsownpowerplant."Edisonhimselfhadbeenworkingontheidea,buthadonlybeenconsideringelectricityasthepowersource,sotheideaofagasenginewasasomewhatnewone.ThewordscomfortedFordgreatly,whoimmediatelysetoutbuildingasecondmodelwhichwastobecometheModel-T.6.Thetwomenbecamefastfriendsandwouldgooncampingtripstogether.WhenEdisonlaterbecameconfinedtoawheelchair,Fordbroughtanextraonetohishousesotheycouldrace.Asthelegendgoes,FordaskedThomasEdison'ssonCharlestositbythedyinginventor'sbedsideandholdatesttubenexttohisfather'smouthtocatchhisfinalbreath.Fordwasamanwithmanystrangebehaviors(aswasEdison)andsomesaythathewastryingtocatchEdison'ssoulasitescapedhisbodyinhopesoflaterbringingtheinventorbacktolife.Thetruthofthestoryissomewhatsimilartothelegend.WhilebynomeansdidCharlesholdupatesttubetoEdisonslipsashelaydying,therewereindeedaseriesofeighttesttubesverynearbyhisbed.InthewordsofhissonCharles:"Thoughheismainlyrememberedforhisworkinelectricalfields,hisreallovewaschemistry.Itisnotstrangethatthosetesttubeswereclosetohimattheend.ImmediatelyafterhisdeathIaskedhisdoctortosealthemwithparaffin(用石蠟封住).Hedid.LaterIgaveoneofthemtoMr.Ford.”Thereisafurthermysteryofthis"lastbreath"testtube.ItwouldseemasifEdisonhadquitealastbreathindeed,astheEdisonEstateholdsacollectionof42testtubesallsupposedlycontainingEdisonslastbreath.Regardlessoftheexcitementoverthelastbreath,thetesttubeisquitetouchinginitsmeaning.Althoughbothmenwereknownforallsortsofpoorbehaviortowardstheirlovedonesandmistreatmentofemployees,betweenthematleast,therewasclearlyadeeprespectandadmiration.1.Thepurposeoftheauthorwritingthispassageis________.A.tostresstheimportanceoffriendshipB.toshowthatlovecanleadtosomepoorbehaviorsC.totellthereaderssomestoriesaboutthetwoinventorsD.toremindthereadersoftheimportanceofthetwoinventors2.FromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2,wecanlearnthat________.A.EdisonenviedwhatFordhadachievedB.EdisonwasangrybecauseFordstolehisideaC.EdisonwasannoyedthatForddidbetterthanhimD.EdisonwasextremelyamazedatFord'snewidea3.Itcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraphthat________.A.nobodyisperfectB.greatmindsthinkalikeC.twoheadsarebetterthanoneD.afriendinneedisafriendindeed4.“Thelastbreathtesttube”canprobablyberegardedas________.A.afailuretobringEdisonbacktolifeB.awitnesstoascientificbreakthroughC.asymbolofafriendshipandmemoryD.asignofthetwoinventors'poorbehavior【答案】1.C2.D3.A4.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了兩位偉大的發(fā)明家福特和愛迪生之間的故事?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“EdisonwasFord'srolemodelandasayoungmanFordtookajobattheEdisonIlluminatingCompanyworkinghiswayuptochiefengineer.(愛迪生是福特的榜樣，福特年輕時在愛迪生照明公司工作，一路晉升到總工程師)”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文講述了兩位發(fā)明家福特和愛迪生之間發(fā)生的故事。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Edisonwasimpressed.Edisonissaidtohaveslammedhisfistdownandshouted,"Youngman,that’sthething!Youhaveit!Yourcarisself-containedandcarriesitsownpowerplant.”(愛迪生印象深刻。據(jù)說愛迪生揮拳大喊：“年輕人，就是這樣！你擁有它！你的車是獨立的，有自己的動力裝置。”)”可知，愛迪生對于福特的新發(fā)明印象深刻，劃線句子表示愛迪生感到十分驚奇，他揮舞拳頭大喊，以表示自己的驚訝。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Althoughbothmenwereknownforallsortsofpoorbehaviortowardstheirlovedonesandmistreatmentofemployees,betweenthematleast,therewasclearlyadeeprespectandadmiration.(盡管兩人都因?qū)τH人的種種不良行為和虐待員工而聞名，但至少他們之間有著深深的尊重和欽佩)”可知，福特和愛迪生雖然是著名的發(fā)明家，但是也有不足之處，由此可以看出沒有人是完美的。故選A項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Regardlessoftheexcitementoverthelastbreath,thetesttubeisquitetouchinginitsmeaning.Althoughbothmenwereknownforallsortsofpoorbehaviortowardstheirlovedonesandmistreatmentofemployees,betweenthematleast,therewasclearlyadeeprespectandadmiration.(不管最后一次呼吸有多么激動，試管的意義是非常感人的。盡管兩人都因?qū)τH人的種種不良行為和虐待員工而聞名，但至少他們之間有著深深的尊重和欽佩)”可知，“最后一次呼吸試管”的意義非常感人，代表了福特和愛迪生之間深深的尊重和欽佩，所以它可能被認(rèn)為是友誼和記憶的象征。故選C項。BAnadvanceinelectronicpublishingcouldmakethebookyouarereadingseemasdatedasasilentfilm.Publishersarereleasingbookswithaddedsoundtracksandmusicalaccompaniments.ThenoiseinthefirstmultimediabooksreleasedinBritainincluderainhittingawindowinaSherlockHolmestale.WorksbyOscarWildeandRudyardKiplingarealsoavailable.Whentheplotofabookreachesaclimax,backgroundmusicwillcreatetension.InAmerica,worksbyShakespeareandJaneAustenhavealreadybeenreleasedwithmusicandbackgroundnoisesothat,forexample,readerscanhearteacupsclinkinginMr.Darcy'sgardenastheyreadPrideandPrejudice.Supportersarguethatsoundeffectsarethenextlogicaldevelopmentfore-booksandwilladdexcitementforyoungerreaders.Critics,however,willarguethatthenoiseswillruinthesimplepleasureofenjoyingtheimaginationrequiredtoreadabook.CarolineMichel,chiefexecutiveoftheliteraryagencyPFD,said,"Concentrationnowissuchthatpeoplehavesplitcomputerscreenswheretheymaybewatchingtelevisionandreplyinganemailatthesametime.Ifthat'swhatthemarketwants,thenweshouldrespondtothemarket.Booktrack'ssoundeffectsworkbyfiguringouttheuser'sreadingspeed.Eachtimeyou“turn”apage,thesoftwarereassesses(重新評估)whereyouhavereachedinthetextandtimesthesoundstoplayaccordingly.Ifthesoundtrackisnotinagreementwiththewords,aclickonanywordwillre-setit.Someauthorsfearasoundtrackcoulddestroythepeaceandquietoflibrariesandruinthepleasureofreading.DavidNicholls,authorofOneDay,said,"Thissoundsliketheoppositeofreading.Ihaveenoughtroublereadingane-bookbecauseI'mconstantlydisturbed(干擾)byemailsandsoI'vegivenuponitforthetimebeing.StuartMacBride,thecrimewriterwhosenovelShattertheBoneswasane-bookbestseller,sells18%ofhisbooksaselectronicdownloads.Hesaid,"IfI'mreading,Iwilldothenoisesinmyhead.Idon'tneedsomeonetotellmewhatcuttingatreesoundslike.Thatwouldupsetme.5.Thee-booksoundtrackisintended________.A.tomakereadersfocusonthestoryB.tohelpreaderswithunknownvocabularyC.tostrengthenreaders'impressionofcharactersD.toaddtensionwhenthebookreachesanexcitingpoint6.Theunderlinedword"it"inParagraph5refersto________.A.thesoundtrackB.thespeedofreadingC.thesoftwareD.therequiredtime7.What'sStuartMacBride'sattitudetosoundtracks?A.Supportive. B.Disapproving. C.Unconcerned. D.Disrespectful8Thetextismostprobablytakenfrom________.A.abookreviewB.apersonaldiaryC.asciencetextbookD.anewspaperreport【答案】5.D6.A7.B8.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文。電子讀物是否應(yīng)該增加背景聲音，不同的人士提出了不同的看法?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Whentheplotofabookreachesaclimax,backgroundmusicwillcreatetension.”（當(dāng)一本書的情節(jié)達(dá)到高潮時，背景音樂會產(chǎn)生緊張感。）可知，當(dāng)一本書的情節(jié)達(dá)到高潮時，背景音樂會制作緊張氣氛，即在情節(jié)高潮時增添緊張氣氛。故選D項。【6題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Ifthesoundtrackisnotinagreementwiththewords,aclickonanywordwillre-setit”(如果原聲帶與歌詞不一致，點擊任何一個單詞都可以重新設(shè)置它。),可知此處it指代原聲帶。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Hesaid,"IfI'mreading,Iwilldothenoisesinmyhead.Idon'tneedsomeonetotellmewhatcuttingatreesoundslike.Thatwouldupsetme.”（他說:“如果我在讀書，我就會在腦海中制造噪音。我不需要別人來告訴我砍樹是什么聲音。那會讓我心煩的?！保┛芍?，StuartMacBride認(rèn)為背景音樂令人不愉快。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第一段引入文章的主旨話題--有背景聲音的電子讀物；然后通過接下來的幾段文章列舉了支持和反對有聲電子讀物的正反雙方的觀點。所以短文屬于社會問題和社會現(xiàn)象類的短語，所以短文來自新聞報道。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項,并涂在答題卡上,選項中有兩項為多余選項。FOMOstandsfor“fearofmissingout”.Itreferstothenervousoranxiousfeelingapersongetswhentheyrealizetheyarenotattendingasocialeventeitherbecausetheyweren’tinvitedortheyjustdidn’tfeellikegoing.___9___Thisbelief,inturn,cancreateanxietyandasenseofinferiority.FOMObothersmostteens,especiallyifthey’reoftenonline.OnewayforteenstodealwithFOMOistopracticewhatisknownasreframing(重塑)thinking.___10___Herearesometipsonhowteenscanstarttoreframetheirthinking.Tracknegativethoughtsandreplacethemwithreasonableones.OnethingteenscandotodealwithFOMOistotracktheirnegativethoughtsandfeelingsinajournal.___11___Then,theycanchangetheirthoughtsandreplacethenegativethoughtswithsomethingpositive.___12___Encourageteenstorecognizethattheyhavelimitedtimeandcannotpossiblybeeverywhereanddoeverything.So,naturally,therewillbesocialeventsthattheycannotattend.Butthisdoesnotmeanthatthey’renecessarilymissingoutonsomething.Turnoffthetechnologyanddosomethingelse.TurningoffthetechnologyseemslikeanaturalcureforFOMO.ButjustswitchingthephoneoffdoesnoterasethefeelingsthatFOMOcauses.___13___Thekeyistodosomethingelseentirelylikereadingabookorbakingcookies—anythingthatallowsthemtofocusonsomethingotherthansocialmedia.A.Berealisticaboutavailability.B.TherearesomenegativeconsequencesofFOMO.C.Realizethatnoonelivesaperfectlifeasdescribedinsocialmedia.D.It’samentalexercisedesignedtohelpthemlookatsituationsdifferently.E.Ingeneral,FOMOcausespeopletoassumethattheyhavealowsocialrank.F.Teensmaystillworryaboutmissingoutevenifthey’renotinsocialmediaatall.G.Thisallowsthemtoobservehowoftenthey’refeelingnegativeaboutthemselves.【答案】9.E10.D11.G12.A13.F【解析】【分析】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章就如何應(yīng)對青少年面臨的“錯失恐懼癥”給出了建議?！?題詳解】根據(jù)指代關(guān)系可知，空格處句子需為下文Thisbelief提供指代對象，E項“Ingeneral,FOMOcausespeopletoassumethattheyhavealowsocialrank.(一般來說，‘錯失恐懼癥’會讓人們認(rèn)為自己的社會地位較低)”中“theyhavealowsocialrank.”正是Thisbelief指代對象，且認(rèn)為自己的社會地位較低會造成“anxietyandasenseofinferiority(焦慮和自卑)”。故選E項。【10題詳解】上文提到“reframing(重塑)thinking”這一概念，D項“It’samentalexercisedesignedtohelpthemlookatsituationsdifferently.(這是一種心理訓(xùn)練，旨在幫助他們從不同的角度看待情況)”是對這一概念的解釋，且句中“l(fā)ookatsituationsdifferently”與上文“reframing(重塑)thinking”相照應(yīng)，指“用另一種方式看待或思考問題”。故選D項?！?1題詳解】上文“OnethingteenscandotodealwithFOMOistotracktheirnegativethoughtsandfeelingsinajournal.(青少年可以做的一件事就是在日記中記錄他們的消極想法和感受)”建議是青少年用日記的方式記錄消極想法和感受，G項“Thisallowsthemtoobservehowoftenthey’refeelingnegativeaboutthemselves.(這可以讓他們觀察到自己產(chǎn)生消極想法和感受的頻率)”中This指代的正是“記錄消極想法和感受”這種行為，且記錄后就能觀察到產(chǎn)生消極想法的頻率，兩句間有順承關(guān)系。故選G項?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Encourageteenstorecognizethattheyhavelimitedtimeandcannotpossiblybeeverywhereanddoeverything.So,naturally,therewillbesocialeventsthattheycannotattend.(鼓勵青少年認(rèn)識到他們的時間是有限的，不可能無處不在，無所不能。因此，自然會有一些社交活動他們不能參加)”可知青少年要認(rèn)識到不是所有社交活動都能參加，因為自己時間有限，所以對參加社交活動的可能性要切合實際。A項“Berealisticaboutavailability.(對可能性要現(xiàn)實一點)”表達(dá)了同樣意思，符合語境。故選。【13題詳解】上文“ButjustswitchingthephoneoffdoesnoterasethefeelingsthatFOMOcauses.(但是僅僅關(guān)掉手機并不能消除‘錯失恐懼癥’引起的感覺)”說關(guān)掉手機并不能消除“錯失恐懼癥”引起的焦慮和自卑，F(xiàn)項“Teensmaystillworryaboutmissingoutevenifthey’renotinsocialmediaatall.(即使不使用社交媒體，青少年可能仍然會擔(dān)心錯過機會)”解釋了其原因，因為即使關(guān)掉手機，不使用社交媒體，青少年可能仍然會擔(dān)心。故選F項。第三部分語言運用(共一節(jié),滿分15分)完形填空(共15小題:每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項,并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。Inlife,doyouchoosetotaketheroadeveryonehastaken,ordoyouchoosethepaththatisbestforyou?Itmightbe____14____tochoosewhateveryonehasdone,especiallyifitseemedtoworkforthem.Butisthatwhattruly___15___foryou?Onarecenthikingtrip,mypartnerandIdecidedtotakeapopulartrailinthe____16____direction.Thiswasanold,well-traveledtrailthatpeoplehadbeenhikingandbikingfromAtoZforyears.Forourownreasons,wechosetotravelfromZtoA.Goingbackwardsmademoresensewithmy___17___.Thetripwouldtakeseveraldaysandgoingbackwards___18___thatIwouldendthetripclosertotheairportformyflighthome.AsmypartnerandIwalked,everyonecrossingourpathhadsomethingtosay,“You’regoingthewrongway.Areyoulost?Areyoureturning___19___youforgotsomething?Areyoucrazy?”Thepathoccasionallycrossedahighway.Whenitdid,evenpassingcarsbeeped(鳴笛)to____20____usinthe“right”direction.Whydidpeopleonlyseeoneway?Becausethat’swhat___21___does?Becausethat’showit’salwaysbeendone?Weeven____22____totalktoaDanishwomanwhosaid,“Wehaveasayinginmycountry:whenyougobackwardstoeveryoneelse,it’sbecauseyou’reavoidingsomething.”Icouldn’t___23___it.Wewerejustenjoyingconnectingwithnature,hikinginthewaythatbest____24____us.Hadwegonethe“wrong”way?No.Atleast,notforus.Idecidedto___25___thepathIchose.Finally,wehada(n)___26___experience.Choosingthe“wrong”pathwasrightforme.Whenyourinner____27____tellsyousomethingisright(orwrong),listentoit.It’syourinstinct(直覺).It’sspeakingtoyouforareasonanditknows,betterthananyone,what’s____28____foryou.14.A.anxious B.normal C.challenging D.impressive15.A.designs B.plans C.works D.prepares16.A.opposite B.wrong C.common D.right17.A.emotion B.target C.schedule D.body18.A.supposed B.ensured C.provided D.permitted19.A.if B.because C.while D.yet20.A.point B.inspire C.protect D.press21.A.someone B.everyone C.anybody D.nobody22.A.expected B.stopped C.agreed D.hesitated23.A.do B.hide C.believe D.agree24.A.instructed B.confused C.offered D.suited25.A.showoff B.thinkover C.pickout D.stickto26.A.horrible B.secure C.amazing D.crazy27.A.desire B.feeling C.voice D.reaction28.A.best B.true C.flexible D.worthwhile【答案】14.B15.C16.A17.C18.B19.B20.A21.B22.B23.C24.D25.D26.C27.C28.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者和伙伴在最近的一次徒步旅行中，選擇了相反的方向。每個人都說他們走錯了，但是最終，他們有了一次奇妙的經(jīng)歷。作者認(rèn)為當(dāng)你內(nèi)心的聲音告訴你什么是對的或錯的，聽從它。這是你的本能。它和你說話是有原因的，它比任何人都清楚，什么對你最好。14題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：選擇每個人都做過的事情可能是正常的，特別是如果它看起來對他們有用的話。A.anxious焦慮的；B.normal正常的；C.challenging具有挑戰(zhàn)性的；D.impressive印象深刻的。根據(jù)后文“…tochoosewhateveryonehasdone”(選擇每個人做過的事)可知，選擇每個人都做過的事情可能是正常的。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但這真的適合你嗎？A.designs設(shè)計；B.plans計劃；C.works工作，起作用；D.prepares準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)上文“itseemedtoworkforthem”（這似乎對他們有用）可知此處指選擇每個人都做過的事情是否對自己起作用。故選C【16題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在最近的一次徒步旅行中，我和我的伙伴決定選擇一條流行路線的相反方向。A.opposite相反的；B.wrong錯誤的；C.common共同的；D.right正確的。根據(jù)后文“Thiswasanold,well-traveledtrailthatpeoplehadbeenhikingandbikingfromAtoZforyears.Forourownreasons,wechosetotravelfromZtoA.（這是一條古老的、人來人往的小道，多年來人們一直在這里從A到Z徒步旅行或騎自行車。由于我們自己的原因，我們選擇了從Z到A的旅行。）可知，作者他們選擇了相反反向的路線。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：倒回去對我的日程安排更有意義。A.emotion情緒；B.target目標(biāo)；C.schedule時刻表；D.body身體。根據(jù)后文“Iwouldendthetripclosertotheairportformyflighthome”（我會在離機場更近的地方結(jié)束旅程，然后乘飛機回家）可知倒著走會在離機場更近的地方結(jié)束旅行，所以是對日程安排有意義。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這趟旅行要花上幾天的時間，倒著走可以確保我在離機場更近的地方結(jié)束旅程，以便搭飛機回家。A.supposed認(rèn)為；B.ensured保證；C.provided提供；D.permitted允許。根據(jù)后文“thatIwouldendthetripclosertotheairportformyflighthome”（我會在離機場更近的地方結(jié)束旅程，然后乘飛機回家）可知倒著走可以確保作者在離機場更近的地方結(jié)束旅程，以便搭飛機回家。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：你回來是因為忘了什么嗎？A.if如果；B.because因為；C.while當(dāng)……時候；D.yet然而。據(jù)語境可知，此處引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，表示“因為”應(yīng)用because。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)它出現(xiàn)時，就連過往的車輛也會鳴叫，給我們指出“正確”的方向。A.point指；B.inspire激勵；C.protect保護；D.press壓。根據(jù)后文“…usinthe“right”direction”（我們朝向正確的方向）可知，汽車鳴笛是為了指出正確的方向。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查不定代詞詞義辨析。句意：為什么人們只看到一個方向?因為每個人都是這么做的。A.someone某人；B.everyone每個人；C.anybody任何人；D.nobody沒人。根據(jù)上文“Inlife,doyouchoosetotaketheroadeveryonehastaken”（在生活中，你是否選擇了每個人都走過的路）可知人們只看到一個方向的原因是每個人都這么做。故選B。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們甚至停下來和一位丹麥婦女交談，她說：“我們國家有一個說法：當(dāng)你和其他人方向相反時，那是因為你在逃避什么。A.expected預(yù)料；B.stopped停止；C.agreed同意；D.hesitated猶豫。根據(jù)后文“…totalktoaDanishwoman”（和一個丹麥女人談話）可知，作者當(dāng)時在徒步旅行中，所以是停下來和一位丹麥婦女交談。故選B。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我簡直不敢相信。A.do做；B.hide隱藏；C.believe相信；D.agree同意。根據(jù)上文“Wehaveasayinginmycountry:whenyougobackwardstoeveryoneelse,it’sbecauseyou'reavoidingsomething”（在我的國家有句諺語:當(dāng)你和其他人方向相反時，那是因為你在逃避什么）后句“Wewerejustenjoyingconnectingwithnature”（我們只是享受與大自然的接觸）可知作者只是為了享受與大自然的接觸，故不敢相信女人的話。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們只是享受與大自然的聯(lián)系，以最適合我們的方式徒步旅行。A.instructed指示；B.confused疑惑；C.offered提供；D.suited適合。根據(jù)上文“Wewerejustenjoyingconnectingwithnature,hikingthewaythatbest”（我們只是享受與大自然的接觸，以最好的方式徒步旅行）可知，作者認(rèn)為徒步旅行是最適合他們的旅行方式。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：我決定堅持我選擇的道路。A.showoff炫耀；B.thinkover思考；C.pickout挑選出；D.stickto堅持。根據(jù)后文“thepathIchose”（我選擇的道路）可知，作者選擇堅持選擇的道路。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，我們有了一次奇妙的經(jīng)歷。A.horrible可怕的；B.secure穩(wěn)固的；C.amazing驚奇的；D.crazy瘋狂的。根據(jù)后文“wehadanamazingexperience”（我們經(jīng)歷了一次奇妙的經(jīng)歷）可知，此處作者在總結(jié)這次徒步旅行，他們最終有了一次奇妙的經(jīng)歷。故選C。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)你內(nèi)心的聲音告訴你什么是對的或錯的，聽從它。A.desire愿望；B.feeling感受；C.voice嗓音；D.reaction反應(yīng)。根據(jù)后文“…tellsyousomethingisright(orwrong),listentoit”(告訴你什么是對的(或錯的)，傾聽它)可知，此處指人內(nèi)心的聲音，應(yīng)用voice。故選C。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它和你說話是有原因的，它比任何人都清楚什么最適合你。A.best最好的；B.true真的；C.flexible靈活的；D.worthwhile值得的。根據(jù)上文“Wewerejustenjoyingconnectingwithnature,hikingthewaythatbest”（我們只是享受與大自然的接觸，以最好的方式徒步旅行）可知作者知道什么是最適合自己的。故選A。非選擇題部分第四部分語法知識(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)(每空只填一個單詞,如果可省略可寫“不填”)29.Ididn'tbecomeaseriousclimberuntilthefifthgrade，________Iwentuptorescueakitethatwasstuckinthebranchesofatree.(適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】when【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：直到五年級，我才真正會爬樹，當(dāng)時，我爬上一棵樹，拿下了掛在樹枝上的風(fēng)箏。此處為非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞為thefifthgrade，且先行詞在從句中作時間狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞when。故填when。30.Theairqualityinthecity,______isshowninthereport,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)【答案】which【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：報道里展示的我們城市的空氣質(zhì)量在過去的兩個月里已經(jīng)提高了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，逗號后面為非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞airquality，指物，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語，只能使用關(guān)系代詞which，故填which。31.Aftertheflooding,peopleweresufferinginthatarea,_________urgentlyneededcleanwater,medicineandsheltertosurvive.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）【答案】who【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：洪水過后，該地區(qū)的人們遭受著苦難，他們迫切需要干凈的水、藥品和住所來生存?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞people，指人，在定語從句中作主語，需用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)。故填who。32.Thepiecesmadeanemotionalimpactonaudience,mostof________aremembersofGenZ.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）【答案】whom【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：這些作品對觀眾產(chǎn)生了情感上的影響，其中大多數(shù)是Z世代的成員。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，mostofaremembersofGenZ.是一個定語從句，修飾先行詞audience，指人，介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句，指人，只能用whom。故填whom?！军c睛】33.Recently,whilelookingoverourfutureapartment,Ifoundaspot________Icanputasmallbookcase,maybetwoorthreeshelveshigh.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）【答案】where【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：最近，在展望我們未來的公寓時，我發(fā)現(xiàn)一個地方可以放一個小書柜，大概有兩到三個書架那么高。句中先行詞為spot，在定語從句中作地點狀語，所以用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。根據(jù)句意，故填where。34.Unlikeaseriesofcoldwaves________cooldownthenationgradually,peoplewillexperiencethequick-freezeeffectsseveraltimes,andacoldwinterislikely.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）【答案】which##that【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：與逐漸冷卻的寒潮不同，國民將會經(jīng)歷多次的快速凍結(jié)，很有可能迎來寒冷的冬天。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處考查定語從句；從句缺少主語，所以用關(guān)系代詞引起從句；先行詞是coldwaves，所以用指代物的關(guān)系代詞。故填that或which。35.Aglobalconferenceonclimatechange--COP26-washeldinGlasgow,Scotland,________topicwashowtocontrolthetrendofglobalwarming.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）【答案】whose【解析】【詳解】考查非限制性定語從句。句意：一場關(guān)于氣候變化的全球會議——cop26在蘇格蘭的格拉斯哥舉行，其主題是如何控制全球變暖的趨勢。分析可知空格所在的部分是一個非限制性定語從句，空格處在從句中作定語，修飾topic，且先行詞COP26與從句中的名詞topic是所屬關(guān)系，故用關(guān)系代詞whose。36.Thisisthesamebook________Ilost.I'vebeenlookingforitforweeks!（用適當(dāng)詞填空）【答案】that【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：這就是我丟的那本書。我找了好幾個星期了！分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞book，指物，且有thesame修飾，在定語從句中作賓語，需用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)。故填that。37.Canyousolvesuchproblems________wereraisedbytheaudience?（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）【答案】as【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：觀眾提出的這些問題，你能解決嗎？因為先行詞problem前面有such修飾，所以后面的定語從句由關(guān)系代詞as來引導(dǎo)。故填as。38.Thereason_______hereferredtoforhissuccessisthatheisalwaysworkinghard.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）【答案】that##which##不填【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：他提到他成功的原因是他總是努力工作。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是thereason，在定語從句中作賓語，需用關(guān)系代詞that/which引導(dǎo)或者可以省略。故填that/which/不填。第五部分課本基礎(chǔ)知識(共三節(jié),滿分25分)第一節(jié)單詞填空(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)閱讀下列句子并根據(jù)所給的首字母用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填空。39.WhenIhavetoeatbymyself,Iwillchooseready-to-eatfoodinconveniencestores,whichsavesmefromfeelinga_________abouteatingalone.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)【答案】awkward##wkward【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：當(dāng)我獨自用餐時，我會選擇便利店的速食食品。這會讓我不必因獨自吃飯而感到尷尬和不自在。根據(jù)單詞首字母及句意“尷尬的；局促不安的”以及空格前的感官動詞feel可知，該處應(yīng)填寫形容詞，作表語。故填awkward。40.WiththeChristmasseasonhere,therestaurantsinChina,whichwerehitbytheglobalspreadofCOVID-19lastyear,havebeenr_________.Butchallengesremain.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)【答案】recovering##ecovering【解析】【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：隨著圣誕季的到來，去年受到新冠肺炎全球傳播沖擊的中國餐館正在復(fù)蘇，但挑戰(zhàn)依然存在。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語，主語therestaurants和謂語動詞recover之間為主動關(guān)系，根據(jù)前面的havebeen，可知句子的時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時（havebeendoing），該空用現(xiàn)在分詞表正在進(jìn)行的動作。結(jié)合首字母提示和句意。故答案為recovering。41.Ihadnotreadallhisnovels,butj_________fromtheoneIhadread.heseemstobeapromisingwriter.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）【答案】judging##udging【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：他的小說我并沒有全讀過，但從我讀過的那一本來看。他似乎是個有前途的作家。judgingfrom根據(jù)……判斷，用作獨立結(jié)構(gòu)，不用考慮從句和主句邏輯關(guān)系的一致性。根據(jù)首字母提示及句意，故填judging。42.Thekidse_________withcheerswhentheysawtheirfavoritecartooncharacterstakethestage.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）【答案】exploded##xploded【解析】【詳解】考查動詞。句意：當(dāng)孩子們看到他們最喜歡的卡通人物上臺時，發(fā)出了熱烈的歡呼聲。根據(jù)首字母提示及句意可知，此處使用動詞exploded，由從句時態(tài)可知，用一般過去時。故填exploded。43.Whileaproperamountofstresscanbeb_________,toomuchstresscanleadtoapooracademicperformance.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）【答案】beneficial##eneficial【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：雖然適量的壓力是有益的，但過多的壓力會導(dǎo)致學(xué)習(xí)成績不佳。根據(jù)句意“有益的”和首字母提示“b”可知，應(yīng)填形容詞beneficial作表語。故填beneficial。44.WalkingthepathoflifeIwouldratherbealonethanhaveafalsefriendforc_________.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)【答案】company##ompany【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：走在人生的路上，我寧愿孤獨，也不愿有一個假朋友做伴。介詞for后接名詞形式作賓語。根據(jù)首字母提示及句意，故填company。45.Peoplecannowshopmoree_________onlineandthereforedon'tneedtoblindlygotomanystoresforwhattheywant.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）【答案】efficiently##fficiently【解析】【詳解】考查副詞。句意：人們?nèi)缃窨梢愿行实卦诰€購物，因此不必再盲目地逛很多實體店，來挑選你想要的產(chǎn)品。根據(jù)單詞首字母及句意“高效地”以及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空格處應(yīng)填寫副詞，修飾前面的動詞shop。故填efficiently。46.Thetownhaschangedbeyondr______________sinceIwaslasthere.（根據(jù)首字母拼寫）【答案】recognition【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：自從我上次到這里以來，這個城鎮(zhèn)已經(jīng)變得認(rèn)不出來了。介詞beyond后接名詞形式。根據(jù)首字母提示及句意，故填recognition。47.InGreekmythology,Narcissusfellinlovewithhisownr_________inapoolofwater.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）【答案】reflection##reflection【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：在希臘神話中，那西塞斯愛上了自己在水池中的倒影。根據(jù)空格前hisown（他自己的）可知，該處填名詞。故填reflection。48.Theo_________paintingisintheMuseedulouvrebuttherearehundredsofcopiesallovertheworld.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)【答案】original##riginal【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這幅畫的原作現(xiàn)存于盧浮宮，但它的復(fù)制品卻遍布世界各地。設(shè)空處后為名詞，形容詞作定語修飾名詞，設(shè)空處應(yīng)為形容詞。根據(jù)首字母提示及句意。故答案為original。第二節(jié)詞組填空(共6小題;每小題1.5分,滿分9分)閱讀下列句子并根據(jù)所給的中文提示用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~組填空49.Ericsetsailonceagain,thistimewith25ships,ofwhichonly14__________________(成功抵達(dá))toGreenland.（根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子）【答案】①.made②.it【解析】【詳解】考查固定短語和動詞時態(tài)。句意：埃里克再次啟航，這次他帶了25艘船，其中只有14艘到達(dá)了格陵蘭島。根據(jù)漢語提示“成功抵達(dá)”可知，此處為動詞短語makeit，此處陳述過去發(fā)生的事情，使用一般過去時。故填madeit。50.Noo