Americanpoliticalparties(美國政黨)課件

AmericanPoliticalPartiesCONTENTS

1.originofbipartisanship2.twomainparties3.differencesbetweentheUK

OriginThroughoutmostofitshistory,Americanpoliticshavebeendominatedbyatwo-partysystem.Atthetimeitwassignedin1787,therewerenopartiesinthenation.Indeed,nonationintheworldhadvoter-basedpoliticalparties.TheUnitedStatesConstitutionhasneverformallyaddressedtheissueofpoliticalparties.TheFoundingFathersdidnotoriginallyintendforAmericanpoliticstobepartisan.In1789,therewasadivergefromtwomaingroupsontheinterpretation(解釋）ofconstitution.LeaderAlexanderHamilton（漢密爾頓）PropositionsstrengtheningfederalpowerraisetaxationestablishnationalbankPositionTreasurySecretary（財(cái)政部長）

LeaderThomasJefferson（杰裴遜）PropositionsstrengtheningstatespoweragainstestablishingnationalbankandraisingtaxationPositionSecretaryofState（國務(wù)卿）

Thetwodifferentattitudeseventuallyledtotheestablishmentoftwomajorparties.OneisRepublicParty（共和黨）,anotherisDemocraticParty（民主黨）Sowhatdifferencesbetweenthesetwomajorparties???TheDemocraticParty-logo:donkeyTheRepublicParty-logo:elephantPoliticalParties:1.TheDemocraticPartygrewoutof“Anti-Federalists”（反聯(lián)邦主義者）thatappearedafter1789.Itwasfoundedin1828,ledbyagroupofplantersandcapitalistsandaconsiderablenumberofsmallfarmers.ThomasJeffersonwastheleader.2.TheDemocraticPartyistheoldestandlargestpartyintheUnitedStates.Atpresent,UnitedStatesisruledbyDemocraticPartywithBarackObamaasthepresident.HistoryofDemocraticPartyThemoreliberalpartyIdeal-GovernmentshoulddomoreforallclassesofAmericans-Theyfavorastrongsocialsecuritysystem.-Supportwelfareprogramsforthepeople-FavorstrongguncontrolSupporters-Poorerandless-privilegedAmericansTheDemocraticPartyrepresentatives:AndrewJacksonJohnFKennedyBarackObamaInterestingFacts:ThesymbolofthedonkeyfortheDemocraticPartyissaidtohavestemmedfromAndrewJackson.Hisoppositioncalledhimajackass.Insteadoftakingitasaninsult,hechosetoadoptthisasasymbol.This,inturn,becamethesymboloftheDemocraticParty.TheDemocraticholdtherecordforcontrollingbothhousesofCongressforthemostconsecutiveCongresses.TheycontrolledbothhousesofCongressfrom1955to1981.1.TheRepublicPartywasfoundedin1854byanti-slaveryactivistsandmodernizers.Afteritsestablishment,theRepublicPartygaineditspoliticalpowerforthefirsttimein1860,whenAbrahamLincolnwonthepresidentialelection.2.Atpresent,RepublicPartyisthesecondlargestpartyintheUS.Today’sRepublicPartydoesn’tfavorfederalinvolvementinnation’seconomy.HistoryofRepublicPartyTheRepublicParty:ThesecondlargestpartyMoreconservativeIdeology-Asmallgovernmentandfreemarket-Lettingbusinesscompetewithlittleornogovernmentregulationinthemarketplace-AdvocatesstrongnationaldefenseRepresentatives:TheodoreRooseveltAbrahamLincolnHerbertHooverParties：partiesTheRepublicThe

DemocraticSymbolsElephantDonkeyIdeasConservativeLiberalEconomic

FreemarketGovernmental

interventionSocialissuesOpposegovernmentalsocialsecurityprogramsSupportastrongsocialsecuritysystemsPolitical

supportBusinessgroupsPoorerandlessprivilegedpeopleTheelection:In2016,there’sanelectionbetweentwopartiesforAmericanpresident.BarackObamawillbeleavingofficebynextyear.TheDemocraticPartyandTheRepublicPartybothhavethecandidates.Allofcandidateshavethecampaignswhichrunforofficewithcostlymoney.Therearetwomajorcandidates.TheDemocraticPartycandidateisHillaryClinton.TheRepublicPartycandidateisDonaldTrump.TheRepubliccandidateRichbusinessmanNeverinvolvedinpoliticsFinancedbyhimselfMoreradical（激進(jìn)）abouteconomicTheDemocraticcandidateThepresentSecretaryofState（國務(wù)卿）Involvedinpoliticsfor20yearsFinancedbyhercampaignMoreconservativeabouteconomicThedifferencesbetweentheUK:1.IntheUSA,theRepublicansaretheRightofCentrepartyandtheDemocratsaretheLeftofCentreparty.IntheUK,theConservativesaretheRightofCentrepartyandLaboristheLeftofCentreparty.2.IntheUSA,thereisnocentrepartyinthissenseofonepositionedpoliticallybetweentheRepublicansandtheDemocrats.InBritain,thereisaLiberalDemocratpartywhichideologicallyseesitselfasbetweenConservativeandLabor.2.InAmericanpolitics,thetwomainpoliticalpartiesarel