2022-2023學(xué)年江西省宜春市高安市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高二（下）期中英語試卷（含解析）

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2022-2023學(xué)年江西省宜春市高安市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高二（下）期中英語試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）AIngredients

Author：GeorgeZaidan

Price：￡15.00

Howoftendoyouviewtheingredientsonthebackofyourfoodproducts？Evenifyoucheckregularly，itcanbedifficulttomakesenseoftheselonglistsandcomplexcodes.Thisbooktriestofindoutthechemistryoftheseproducts.Byopeningthisbook，youaretakingajourney，interpretingpacketsofdataandexploringwhatthisreallymeansforyouandyourbody.

Inventors

Author：RobertWinston

Price：￡20.00

Themoderntechnologicalworldweallnowbenefitfromstandsontheshouldersofinventorsthroughouthistory.FromrecognizablefiguressuchasLeonardodaVincitolessknownscientistssuchasStephanieKwolek，Inventorsexploresthelivesandscientificachievementsofacademicmindsthroughouttheages.

TheRemarkableLifeoftheskin

Author：MontyLyman

Price：￡20.00

Youmightthinkyouknowyourownskinprettywell.Yousee，touchandliveiniteveryday，butthecomplexityofthisorganisoftenoverlooked.AuthorMontyLyman，expertlyexplainshowourouterbodyisconstantlychanging，howithasbeenviewedthroughhistoryandthesciencethatliesbeyondoureyesreach.

Saturn'sMoonTitan

Author：RalphLorenz

Price：￡25.00

Titanisamoon，butasthisbookwillinformyou，itcouldbemistakenforaplanet.AsSaturn'slargestmoon，itisbiggerthanMercury，anditsatmosphereconsistsofabout98percentnitrogenwithmostoftheremainderbeingmethane.Asyoureadthepagesofthisbook，youwilljourneythroughTitan'slandscape，thesciencebehinditsatmosphereandmuchmore.

Alltheabovebooksarenowavailableandthere'sa10%discountifyoubuyanyoneofthembeforeOctober1st，2021.1.Whosebookuncoversthesecretsofwhatweeat？______A.RalphLorenz's. B.MontyLyman's.

C.GeorgeZaidan's. D.RobertWinston's.2.WhatcanbelearnedaboutTitan？______A.Itisamooninsteadofaplanet.

B.ItssizeisthesameasthatofMercury.

C.ItmovesaroundtheSunasSaturndoes.

D.Itsatmosphereismainlymadeupofoxygen.3.HowmuchshouldyoupayforthefirsttwobooksbeforeOctober1st，2021？______A.￡31.50. B.￡33.00. C.￡33.50. D.￡35.00.BMyfatherloveshisgarden.Heplantedsomeseedsinit.Butatthattime,Ididn'tunderstandwhyworkinginthedirtexcitedhimsomuch.

Unfortunately,inearlyMay,myfatherwasseriouslyinjuredinanaccident.Hehadtostayinbedforawhile.Mymotherhadseveralbusinesstrips,soshecouldn'ttakecareofthegarden.Ididn'twantmyfathertoworry,soIsaidthatIwouldtakecareofhisgardenuntilherecovered.Iassumedthatthelittleplantswouldcontinuetogrowaslongastheyhadwater,andluckilyitrainedfairlyoften,soIdidn'tthinkmuchaboutthegarden.

OneSaturdaymorning,myfathersaidtome,"Christine,thevegetablesshouldbeaboutreadytobepicked.Let'shaveasaladtoday!"Iwentouttothegardenandwasupsettoseethatmanyofthelettuceleavesandcarrotshadbeenhalfeatenbybugs.Therewerehundredsofbugsalloverthem!

IpanickedforamomentbutthenIquietlywenttotheneareststoretobuysomevegetables.

WhenIgavethesaladtohim,hesaid,"Oh,Christine,whatabeautifulsalad!Ican'tbelievethecarrotsarethisbigalready.Youmustbetakingverygoodcareofmygarden."Ifeltalittlebitguilty.

Cominghome,mymothersawthebagfromthesupermarketinthekitchen.IwasembarrassedandIadmitted,"Dadwantedasalad,butthegardenwasadisaster.Ididn'twanttodisappointhim,soIwenttothestore."ShelaughedbutpromisedtohelpmeinthegardenandweekslaterIwasfinallyabletopicksome.

Icarefullymadeasaladandtookittomyfather.Helookedatitwithahintofasmile."Christine,thecarrotsaresmallerinthissalad,buttheytastebetter."

Now,Ibetterunderstandhowputtingalotofeffortintocaringforsomethingcanhelpyouappreciatetheresultsmore,howeversmalltheymaybe.Perhapsthiswasoneofthereasonsformyfather'sloveofgardening.4.WhydidChristineoriginallypromiseshewoulddothegardening？______A.Shewasaskedbyherfathertodoit.

B.Shewasinterestedingrowingvegetables.

C.Sheknewitwasimportanttoherfather.

D.Shewantedtoimprovehergardeningskills.5.Whichofthefollowingwasaprobleminthegarden？______A.Insectsdestroyedthelettuceandcarrots.

B.Animalsoftendugholesinthegarden.

C.Theplantsweregiventoomuchwater.

D.Thevegetablesweremarkedincorrectly.6.WhycouldChristinesecretlymakethesaladfromstore-boughtvegetables？______A.Hermotherhelpedhertobuythevegetables.

B.Hermotherregularlyhelpedhertomakeaspray.

C.Herfathercouldn'tseethegarden'sprogress.

D.Herfatherwentonabusinesstripatthattime.7.WhatdidChristinelearnthroughherexperienceofgardening？______A.Alwaysgetreadyforarainyday. B.Don'tbedisappointedbybugs.

C.Workingaloneproducesresults. D.Hardworkcanoftenberewarding.CWhenIfirstbeganrunninginhighschoolonthetrackteam，itmadesensetocarefullyclockeverymileandpushmyselftoraceforpersonalbests.ButasIchangedfromrunningforsporttorunningforamusementasanadult，Ifoundthattrackingmyworkoutsoftenjustendedwithfrustration.Anditwasn'tuntilmywatchbatterydiedseveralyearsagothatIfirstexperiencedthesenseofcalmthatcamewithrunningforthepurejoyofit.Ineverreplacedthewatchbattery，andthatmightnotbeabadthingformyfitnessgoals.

Thisistheideaofunplugged（不插電的）running，whichisgainingsteaminthefitnesscommunity.Andrecentresearchhasshownthatgettingridofyourrunningwatch，especiallyifit'sasmartwatchorfitnesstracker，couldactuallyimproveyourworkout—oratleastyourenjoymentofrunning.

"Peopleusedtohaveaninterestintheirsportandgetenjoymentoutofthesport，butnowthat'sswitchingtothedata，"saidEoinWhelan，aseniorlecturerattheNationalUniversityofIrelandGalway."Theywillcomparethemselvestopeoplewhoarebetterthanthem，whoarerunningfasterorrunninglonger.Andintheendweknowthatmakesthemfeelbad."

Whelanalsonotedthatpeoplewhoareverydependentonsmartwatchesorfitnesstrackersaremorelikelytoskiptheirworkoutsifthebatteriesontheirtrackingdevicesaredead.

Instead，runningwatch-freeisbeneficial.Someprofessionalsalsohavehadsuccesswithleavingtheirwatchesathome.WelshrunnerSteveJonesfamouslysetaworldrecordatthe1984ChicagoMarathonwithoutwearingawatch.Morerecently，OlympicmarathonerTrevorHofbauermadeheadlinesforwinningthe2019CanadianMarathonChampionshipswithoutawatch.

"Ifyouhavetoomuchinformationbeingfedtoyouinrealtime，itcankindofgetinyourhead，"Hofbauersaid."Forme，thesimpler，thebetter."8.Theauthorbegantofindthepurejoyofrunningwhenhe/she______.A.ranfortheschooltrackteam B.achievedhis/herfitnessgoals

C.trackedhis/herownworkouts D.stoppedusingarunningwatch9.WhatdoesEoinWhelansayaboutfitnesstrackingwatches？______A.Theycanenrichthewearers'sociallife.

B.Theycanleadtoharmfulconsequences.

C.Thewaypeopleusethemisproper.

D.Thedataprovidedbythemisunreliable.10.Howisparagraph5developed？______A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bylistingofficialdata.

C.Byansweringquestions. D.Bymakingcomparisons.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext？______A.It'sgoodtoabandonyourrunningwatch.

B.Unpluggedrunningactuallyhastwosides.

C.Comparingwithothersshouldbeavoided.

D.Racingforpersonalbestsrequiressimplicity.DThejourneyofahi-techmessageinabottlehasrevealedthedamageofplastic（塑料）pollution—asitwastrackedmorethan1，700milesinafewmonths.

BritishresearchersputGPSandsatellitetagsin25plasticbottles,andleftthemtodrift（漂流）intheriverGanges（恒河）andBayofBengal（孟加拉灣）inIndia.Usingmobilephonesandsatellitenetworks,theteamtrackedthecontainersacrossthesea—withonecrossing1，768milesinjust94days.

Theyhopethetechcouldbea"powerfultool"forraisingawarenessandchangingbehaviour."Ourmessageinabottletagshowshowfarandhowfastplasticpollutioncanmove,"saidleadauthorDrEmilyDuncan,oftheUniversityofExeter."Thisisatrulyglobalissue,asapieceofplasticdroppedinariveroroceancouldsoonbewashedupontheothersideoftheworld,"shesaid."BottlesintheGangesmovedinstagesandgotstuck—butonceatseacoveredgreaterdistances,followingcoastalcurrentsbeforedispersing（擴(kuò)散）morewidely."

The500mlcontainersweremadethesize,shapeandbuoyancy（浮力）ofonenormalplasticdrinkbottletocopythemovementofrealrubbish.Andopensourcehardwarewasusedfortheelectronicsinside,meaningresearcherscan"copy,modifyorimprovethesolutionwepresentedtotrackotherplastics,"theteamsaid.

"Thiscouldbeusedtoteachaboutplasticpollutioninschools,withchildrenabletoseewheretheirbottlegoes,"saidanotherresearcher."Datafromthesetagscouldfeedintoglobalmodelstogiveusaclearerpictureofhowplasticmovesacrosstheoceanandwhereitendsup."12.WhydidtheresearchersputGPSandsatellitetagsinthebottles？______A.Tolearnthebottles'travelroute.

B.Tomeasurethebottles'driftingtime.

C.Topreventthebottlesfrombeinglost.

D.Totestthesatellitenetworktechnology.13.WhatcanbeinferredaboutplasticpollutionaccordingtoEmilyDuncan？______A.Ithascausedglobalconcern.

B.Itcan'tbeeffectivelymonitored.

C.Itspreadsmorequicklythanexpected.

D.Itcanbecontrolledintheearlystage.14.Whatcanweknowaboutthebottlesusedintheresearch？______A.Theyarefullofrealrubbish. B.Theyareofthesameshape.

C.Theywon'tgetstuckatsea. D.Theyhavemorebuoyancy.15.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout？______A.Thebenefitoftheresearch. B.Thefindingsoftheteam.

C.Thetracksofthebottles. D.Theimportanceofdataanalysis.二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）Angeristhemostdestructiveemotion.Whenyouareangry，youmakeill-considereddecisionsthatyouwillprobablyregret.(16)Howtostopbeingangry？Herearewaysthatyoucanreducethecausesofanger.

Youneedtochangeyourattitudetothewaytheworldworks.Youhavetoacceptthatsometimesthingsgowrongandthatpeoplearenotalwayslovelyandperfect.(17)Sorealizingothersmaybehaveinanunproperwaywillhelpyoupreventyourannoyance.

(18)Thereareoccasionswhenangercanbedirectedinsuchawayastoachievegreatthings.MartinLutherKingwasangryaboutthelackofcivilrightsandGandhiwasangryaboutBritishdomination.Theybothusedthatangertomotivatethemselvestofightagainstinjustice.

Itisbeneficialtostoptryingtomanageyouranger.Angermanagementusedtobepromotedasawayofdealingwithanger.(19).Abetterwayoffacingangeristoidentifytherootcause.Onceyouknowwhyyougetmad，itispossibletodealwiththecause.

Don'ttaketheeasywaywhenyougetangry.Wewouldliketothrowsomething，hitsomething，orscreamwhenweareangry.Areactionlikethatistheeasyway.Itismuchhardertostaycalm，walkawayandactnormally.That，however，iswhatyoumustdoifyouaretostopangerfrombecomingyourmaster.Bylearningcontrol，youcanbecomeamuchcalmerandlessviolentperson.(20)

A.Don'tregardangerasabademotion

B.Thetrickistomanageyourangerwell.

C.Recognizethatangerissomethingyoucancontrol.

D.However，allthathappensisthatangerisovercontrolled.

E.Youwillalsoregretthelanguagespokenwithoutthought.

F.Youwillbebetterlikedandbetterplacedtoinfluenceothers.

G.Theactionsofotherpeoplecanbeasignificantcauseofanger.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）Manyyearsago，PaulBunyanwasborninthenortheasternAmericanstateofMaine.Hismotherandfatherwere（1）______whentheyfirstsawthebaby.Paulwassolargeatbirththathehadtobecarriedtohisparentsbyfiveadults.Whenthebabywasonlyafewweeksold，he（2）______morethan450kilograms.

Asachild，Paulwasalways（3）______.Hisparentsneeded100cowstoprovidemilkforhismeals.Beforelong，heate500eggsand100containersofpotatoeseveryday.

Sometimes，Paulrolledinhissleepso（4）______thathecausedaseriesofsmallearthquakes.Harmlessthoughtheywere，theshocks（5）______peopleinthetownwherehisparentslived.Hisparentsdidnotknowhowto（6）______him.

Finally，Paul'sfatherbuiltawoodencradle（搖籃）—atraditionalbedforababyinthepast.Hisparentsputthecradlein（7）______alongthecoastofMaine.However，everytimePaulrolledover，hugewavescoveredallthe（8）______towns.Hisparentshadtobringtheir（9）______backonland.Eventually，theydecidedtotakehimintothewoods.

Asaboy，Paulcould（10）______extremelyfast.Hecouldturnoffa（11）______andthenjumpintohisbedbeforetheroomgotdark.Healsohadthecombined（12）______ofmanythousandsofmen.OncePaulhelpedhisfathercutdowntreesinthewood.Hehadtroublemovingthemalongaroadthatwasnot（13）______，sohedecidedto（14）______oneendoftheroadtowhatremainedofatreeinthegroundandtiedtheotherendtohisfeet.Hepulledwithallhisstrengthuntiltheroadbecamestraight.Hisfatherstoodbyandwatchedin（15）______andthoughtwhatamonster（怪物）hewas！21.

A.rich B.shocked C.poor D.sick22.

A.carried B.lifted C.weighed D.lost23.

A.hungry B.cruel C.sad D.responsible24.

A.violently B.peacefully C.carefully D.painfully25.

A.amused B.angered C.helped D.killed26.

A.livewith B.talkabout C.dealwith D.benefitfrom27.

A.forest B.soil C.water D.grass28.

A.beautiful B.rich C.big D.coastal29.

A.boat B.son C.cow D.bed30.

A.climb B.learn C.run D.talk31.

A.pipe B.phone C.radio D.light32.

A.value B.strength C.length D.effort33.

A.straight B.wide C.distant D.clean34.

A.add B.lead C.attach D.turn35.

A.trouble B.disbelief C.relief D.happiness四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.（1）______（date）backtothemiddleperiodoftheQingDynasty,BeijingOperaincludesa（2）______（various）ofkindsofarts,rangingfromliterature,dance（3）______kungfu.Itswayofperformingisdifferentfromoperaanddrama.（4）______（actual），BeijingOperahasitsowncharacters.

BeijingOperaisakindofart（5）______paysequalattentiontosinging,speaking,actingandfighting.Ittends（6）______（inspire）theaudiencebylanguage,musicandfinearts.

Meanwhile.BeijingOperaprovidespeople（7）______（interest）initwiththeopportunitytoappreciatethepleasingartisticbalanceofdance,strengthandmusic,evenonlyoneact.

MeiLanfangisoneofthebest-knownopera（8）______（artist）ofChina.Notonlydidhehaveatalentfortheart,butalsohewasveryhard-working.Itissaidthathewouldspendseveralhoursstaringatthefishinthewatertomakehiseyesmoreattractive.Inmyopinion,hissuccessisthe（9）______（reflect）oftheproverb-chancefavorstheprepared,BeijingOperaisasymbolofChina.（10）______，weChineseallhavetheresponsibilitytopreserveit.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、書面表達(dá)（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）37.假定你是李華，下周有新西蘭學(xué)生訪問你校，你將作為學(xué)生代表致歡迎辭。請(qǐng)為此寫一篇發(fā)言稿，

內(nèi)容包括：

1.表示歡迎；

2.介紹活動(dòng)安排；

3.表達(dá)祝愿。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)為80左右；

2.可適當(dāng)添加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

Honorableguests，dearteachersandfellowstudents，______________________38.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

"Ijustcouldn'tstopthinkingabouther."That'swhatanine-year-oldcatloverSutterRowsesaidafterhesawastoryaboutastraycat（流浪貓）inhiscommunityofWilliamsLake，BritishColumbia，whichwasinneedofsurgery（外科手術(shù)）.Hedecidedtodosomethingaboutitandraisefundstohelpthecat.Now，thatcatismuchbetterandhasabrandnewowner，allthankstoSutter'shardworkandcleverthinking.

Online，Suttercameacrossastorypostedbyhislocalanimalshelter.TheBCSPCAexplainedthatthecat—whichwasnamedHazelbyshelterstaff—hadbeenfoundatthetransferstationinAnahimLake，aboutfourhourswestofSutter'shome.Atransferstationisaplacewheregarbageandotherwastearesorted.ShelterstaffsaidHazelwaslookingforfoodthere.

Theylaterdiscoveredthatthebackpartofitwasinjured.Theheadofherfemur（股骨）wasbrokenanddied—meaningthedeathofcellsinsomepartofthebody—hadsetin，soHazelwouldneedsurgerytogetbetter.SPCAstaffputoutacalltothecommunitytoraisefundsforit，andthat'swhenSuttergottowork.Sutterthoughtupagoodidea：makinguseofthepowerofcinnamonbuns（肉桂面包）.Heknewiftherewasanythingthatcouldgetcommunitymemberstoemptytheirpockets，itwouldbethissweettreat：cinnamonbuns.

Heandhismum，LeslieRowse，gottoworkbaking，andhismumpostedaboutSutter'seffortsonasocialmediapageforhislocalcommunity.Around15dozen（or180）cinnamonbunslater，Sutterhadraised﹩850.Hismumdroppedoffthemoneyattheshelter，andHazelwasabletostarthersurgeries.

FollowingHazel'ssurgeriesandseveraldaysofrecovery，Sutter'smumwasreadytosharesomegoodnews.Sutter'smumtoldSutterthatHazelhadanewowner.Sheaskedhimtoguesswhothatownerwas."Iguessedus!AndIwasright，"saidSutter.

注意：

（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

（2）續(xù)寫請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

TheydecidedtopickupHazelonweekend.

___________

SinceadoptingHazel，Sutterhasmadealottoimprovehercondition.

___________

答案和解析1~3.【答案】C、A、A【解析】（1）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Ingredients部分的"Author：GeorgeZaidan"和"Thisbooktriestofindoutthechemistryoftheseproducts.Byopeningthisbook，youaretakingajourney，interpretingpacketsofdataandexploringwhatthisreallymeansforyouandyourbody.（這本書試圖找出這些產(chǎn)品的化學(xué)性質(zhì)。通過打開這本書，你正在進(jìn)行一段旅程，解析數(shù)據(jù)包，探索這對(duì)你和你的身體真正意味著什么）"可知，GeorgeZaidan的本書Ingredients揭示了我們吃的東西的秘密，故選C。

（2）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Saturn's

Moon

Titan部分"Titanisamoon，butasthisbookwillinformyou，itcouldbemistakenforaplanet.AsSaturn'slargestmoon，itisbiggerthanMercury，anditsatmosphereconsistsofabout98percentnitrogenwithmostoftheremainderbeingmethane.（Titan是一個(gè)月亮，但正如這本書將告訴你的那樣，它可能會(huì)被誤認(rèn)為是一個(gè)行星。作為土星最大的衛(wèi)星，它比水星還大，大氣中約有98%是氮，其余的大部分是甲烷）"可知，Titan是一個(gè)月亮不是一顆星星，大小不是和土星一樣大，是土星的衛(wèi)星，大氣主要是甲烷不是氧氣，所以"A.Titan是一個(gè)月球不是一顆星球"正確。故選A。

（3）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的"Alltheabovebooksarenowavailableandthere'sa10%discountifyoubuyanyoneofthembeforeOctober1st，2021.（以上所有的書現(xiàn)在都可以買到了，如果你在2021年10月1日之前購買其中的任何一本，你可以有10%的折扣）"結(jié)合"IngredientsAuthor：GeorgeZaidanPrice：￡15.00"和"InventorsAuthor：RobertWinstonPrice：￡20.00"可知，2021年10月1日之前買前兩本書（15+20）*（1-10%）=31.5。故選A。

本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四本書籍的作者，價(jià)格，主要內(nèi)容以及折扣。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

4~7.【答案】C、A、C、D【解析】（1）C，推理判斷題．根據(jù)第二段句子Ididn't

want

my

father

to

worry,so

I

said

that

I

would

take

care

of

his

garden

until

he

recovered.我不想讓我父親擔(dān)心，所以我說我會(huì)照顧他的花園直到他康復(fù)．父親擔(dān)心可見小菜園對(duì)于父親來說是非常重要的，所以作者承諾照顧菜園．所以選C．‘'

（2）A．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第三段句子manyof

the

lettuce

leaves

and

carrots

had

been

half

eaten

by

bugs.There

were

hundreds

of

bugs

all

overthem!很多萵苣葉和胡蘿卜都被蟲子吃了一半，上面全是成百上千的蟲子！所以最大的問題是蟲子，所以選A．

（3）C．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第二段Unfortunately,in

early

May,my

father

was

seriously

injured

in

an

accident.He

had

to

stay

inbed

for

a

while.

不幸的是，五月初，我父親在一次事故中受了重傷，他不得不臥床休息一段時(shí)間．可見爸爸看不到菜園的進(jìn)展，所以頭偷著買來蔬菜，故選C．

（4）D．推理判斷題．根據(jù)最后一段句子

Now,I

better

understand

how

putting

a

lot

of

effort

into

caring

for

something

can

help

youappreciate

the

results

more,however

small

they

may

be.現(xiàn)在，我更好地理解了，花很多精力去關(guān)心某件事，可以幫助你更欣賞結(jié)果，不管結(jié)果有多?。@個(gè)經(jīng)歷讓Christine明白，努力工作是值得的，所以選D．

本文主要寫了Christine的爸爸很熱愛他的菜園，在爸爸生病期間Christine幫養(yǎng)病的爸爸照顧菜園的經(jīng)歷，一開始照顧的不好，后來在媽媽的幫助下菜長得很好，這個(gè)經(jīng)歷讓Christine明白努力工作是值得的．

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋．考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)．

8~11.【答案】D、B、A、A【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的倒數(shù)第二句Anditwasn'tuntilmywatchbatterydiedseveralyearsagothatIfirstexperiencedthesenseofcalmthatcamewithrunningforthepurejoyofit.（直到幾年前我手表電池用完后，我才第一次體驗(yàn)到一份寧靜和純粹的跑步的樂趣。）可知，當(dāng)作者停止使用運(yùn)動(dòng)手表的時(shí)候，作者開始體會(huì)到純粹的跑步的樂趣。故選D項(xiàng)。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的最后兩句Theywillcomparethemselvestopeoplewhoarebetterthanthem，whoarerunningfasterorrunninglonger.Andintheendweknowthatmakesthemfeelbad.（他們會(huì)和更好的人攀比，和跑得更快或跑得更久的人攀比。最終，我們知道那樣會(huì)讓他們更難受。）約恩?惠蘭認(rèn)為運(yùn)動(dòng)追蹤手表會(huì)帶來相互攀比的問題，會(huì)讓運(yùn)動(dòng)者感覺很糟糕；根據(jù)第四段Whelanalsonotedthatpeoplewhoareverydependentonsmartwatchesorfitnesstrackersaremorelikelytoskiptheirworkoutsifthebatteriesontheirtrackingdevicesaredead.（惠蘭還指出，人們?nèi)绻^度依賴智能手表或運(yùn)動(dòng)追蹤手表，一旦手表電池沒電了，很可能就會(huì)喪失運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)力。）可知，對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)手表的過度依賴會(huì)讓人們失去內(nèi)在的運(yùn)動(dòng)動(dòng)力。由這兩點(diǎn)可推斷，運(yùn)動(dòng)手表會(huì)導(dǎo)致不良后果。故選B項(xiàng)。

（3）寫作手法題。根據(jù)第五段的最后兩句WelshrunnerSteveJonesfamouslysetaworldrecordatthe1984ChicagoMarathonwithoutwearingawatch.Morerecently，OlympicmarathonerTrevorHofbauermadeheadlinesforwinningthe2019CanadianMarathonChampionshipswithoutawatch.（威爾士選手史蒂夫?瓊斯在1984年芝加哥馬拉松比賽上創(chuàng)造了一項(xiàng)世界紀(jì)錄，他并沒有戴運(yùn)動(dòng)手表。最近，奧運(yùn)會(huì)馬拉松運(yùn)動(dòng)員特雷弗?霍夫鮑爾在沒有使用運(yùn)動(dòng)手表的情況下贏得了2019年加拿大馬拉松錦標(biāo)賽，登上頭條新聞。）可知，該段主要通過舉例子（史蒂夫?瓊斯和特雷弗?霍夫鮑爾）說明一些職業(yè)選手即使不戴運(yùn)動(dòng)手表，也能在跑步中取得佳績，從而證明跑步時(shí)不戴運(yùn)動(dòng)手表也頗有益處。故選A項(xiàng)。

（4）主旨大意題。通讀全文，第一段引出話題，通過作者自身的例子說明跑步時(shí)不戴運(yùn)動(dòng)手表的好處；第二至第四段通過約恩?惠蘭的研究說明運(yùn)動(dòng)手表會(huì)帶來一些不良后果；第五段通過舉出兩名運(yùn)動(dòng)員的例子來說明跑步時(shí)不戴運(yùn)動(dòng)手表的優(yōu)點(diǎn)；最后一段引用運(yùn)動(dòng)員特雷弗?霍夫鮑爾的話結(jié)尾。由此可知本文主要論述不戴運(yùn)動(dòng)手表跑步是有益的。故選A項(xiàng)。

本文是一篇議論文。運(yùn)動(dòng)手表會(huì)影響我們享受跑步的過程，還會(huì)帶來其他負(fù)面影響，因此在跑步時(shí)不戴運(yùn)動(dòng)手表是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇。

做這類題材的閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章先通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。做題時(shí)要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行合理地分析，切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

12~15.【答案】A、C、B、A【解析】（1）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二行"Usingmobilephoneandsatellitenetworks，theteamtrackedthecontainersacrossthesea-withonecrossing1，768milesinjust94days.（利用移動(dòng)電話和衛(wèi)星網(wǎng)絡(luò)，研究小組在94天內(nèi)追蹤了一個(gè)橫跨1768英里的集裝箱。）"可知，研究者把GPS和衛(wèi)星標(biāo)簽放入瓶中主要是了解瓶子漂流的路線，故選A。

（2）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二行"Ourmessageinabottletagshowshowfarandhowfastplasticpollutioncanmove,""apieceofplasticdroppedinariveroroceancouldsoonbewashedupontheothersideoftheworld,"????????????????????????????????????（"我們?cè)谝粋€(gè)瓶子標(biāo)簽上的信息顯示了塑料污染可以移動(dòng)多遠(yuǎn)和多快"，"一塊掉在河里或海洋里的塑料很快就會(huì)被沖到世界的另一邊。"）可以推知塑料污染的傳播速度比預(yù)期的要快，故選C。

（3）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一行"

The

500

mlcontainersweremadethesize,shapeandbuoyancy???????（浮力）ofonenormalplasticdrinkbottletocopythemovementofrealrubbish."????????????（500毫升的容器的大小，形狀和浮力的一個(gè)正常的塑料飲料瓶，以復(fù)制真實(shí)的垃圾運(yùn)動(dòng)。）可知用于實(shí)驗(yàn)的瓶子和其他塑料瓶子外形上是一樣的，故選B。

（4）A.段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段第一行

"Thiscouldbeusedtoteachaboutplasticpollutioninschools,withchildrenabletoseewheretheirbottlegoes,"

??????????????????（"這可以用來在學(xué)校教授塑料污染的知識(shí)，讓孩子們能夠看到他們的瓶子去了哪里，"）可知，最后一段主要解釋了這項(xiàng)研究的好處。故選A。

本文是一篇說明文?？茖W(xué)家把特制的塑料瓶放到恒河和孟加拉灣，不久后他們發(fā)現(xiàn)其中一些瓶子就到了海洋里，這項(xiàng)研究顯示了塑料污染的快速擴(kuò)散。

1．直接信息題：

直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目；

2．間接信息題：

間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時(shí)需要對(duì)原文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換；

3．綜合信息題：

綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章取義。

16~20.【答案】E、G、A、D、F【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文When

you

are

angry，you

make

ill-considered

decisions

that

you

will

probably

regret.（當(dāng)你生氣時(shí)，你會(huì)做出考慮不周的決定，你可能會(huì)后悔。）可知，且后文How

to

stop

being

angry？Here

are

ways

that

you

can

reduce

the

causes

of

anger.（如何停止生氣？這里有一些方法可以減少生氣的原因。）可知，介紹的是控制生氣的方法，所以這里是講的生氣發(fā)怒的后果。E選項(xiàng)"You

will

also

regret

the

language

spoken

without

thought.你也會(huì)后悔沒有經(jīng)過深思熟慮就說出這樣的話。"與前文是一個(gè)并列關(guān)系。符合語境，故選E。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)后文So

realizing

others

may

behave

in

an

unproper

way

will

help

you

prevent

your

annoyance.（因此，意識(shí)到別人可能會(huì)以不恰當(dāng)?shù)姆绞叫惺?，將有助于防止你的煩惱。）可知，前文要講述接受他人不當(dāng)行為的原因。其中the

actions與后文behave是同義詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)。G選項(xiàng)"The

actions

of

other

people

can

be

a

significant

cause

of

anger.其他人的行為是引發(fā)生氣的一個(gè)重要原因。"符合語境，故選G。

（3）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)，這里應(yīng)該選一個(gè)標(biāo)題。和后文There

are

occasions

when

anger

can

be

directed

in

such

a

way

as

to

achieve

great

things.MartinLuther

King

was

angry

about

the

lack

of

civil

rights

and

Gandhi

was

angry

about

British

domination.（有些時(shí)候，憤怒可以通過這種方式來實(shí)現(xiàn)偉大的事業(yè)。馬丁?路德?金對(duì)缺乏公民權(quán)利感到憤怒，而甘地對(duì)英國的統(tǒng)治感到憤怒。）可知，講的是Martin

Luther

King與Gandhi用生氣憤怒作為了反對(duì)不公平的武器，所以標(biāo)題是不要把生氣當(dāng)成壞的情緒。A選項(xiàng)"Don't

regard

anger

as

a

bad

emotion，不要把憤怒看作是一種不好的情緒。"符合語境，故選A。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文Anger

management

used

to

be

promoted

as

a

way

of

dealing

with

anger.（生氣管理曾經(jīng)被作為一個(gè)應(yīng)對(duì)怒氣的方式。）并且后文A

better

way

of

facing

anger

is

to

identify

the

root

cause.Once

you

know

why

you

get

mad，it

is

possible

to

deal

with

the

cause.（面對(duì)憤怒的一個(gè)更好的方法是找出根本原因。一旦你知道自己為什么生氣，就有可能解決問題。）可知，告訴了面對(duì)生氣的更優(yōu)的方式，所以要表達(dá)這種傳統(tǒng)的控制生氣的方式就是因?yàn)閷?duì)生氣過度控制。D選項(xiàng)"However，all

that

happens

is

that

anger

is

overcontrolled.然而，所發(fā)生的一切就是憤怒被過度控制了。"符合語境，故選D。

（5）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文That，however，is

what

you

must

do

if

you

are

to

stop

anger

from

becoming

your

master.By

learning

control，you

can

become

a

much

calmer

and

less

violent

person.（然而，如果你想阻止憤怒成為你的主人，這就是你必須要做的。通過學(xué)習(xí)控制，你可以成為一個(gè)更加冷靜和不那么暴力的人。）可知，這是一個(gè)好的結(jié)果，通過學(xué)習(xí)控制成為一個(gè)冷靜和不暴力的人。F選項(xiàng)"You

will

be

better

liked

and

better

placed

to

influence

others.你會(huì)更受歡迎，更能影響他人。"符合語境，故選F。

本文是一篇說明文，文章介紹了如何避免生氣的方法。

"七選五"選擇題，主要目的在于考查考生對(duì)文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。解題時(shí)最主要的兩個(gè)步驟就是1．理清文章的邏輯和結(jié)構(gòu)，2．在所給的原文中找出關(guān)鍵詞或者說是線索詞。文章的整體思路能幫助你在答案中篩選出符合邏輯的選項(xiàng)，關(guān)鍵詞則能幫助你確定更多的細(xì)節(jié)，排除相近的選。得出正確的答案。

21~35.【答案】B、C、A、A、B、C、C、D、B、C、D、B、A、C、B【解析】（1）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.rich有錢的；B.shocked震驚的；C.poor貧窮的；D.sick無力的。句意：他的父母第一次看到這個(gè)嬰兒時(shí)都驚呆了，保羅出生時(shí)太大了，五個(gè)成年人一起才能把他抱到父母那里。根據(jù)空后一句Paul

was

so

large

at

birth

that

he

had

to

be

carried

to

his

parents，保羅出生時(shí)太大了，五個(gè)成年人一起才能把他抱到父母那里，因此他的父母看到這個(gè)巨嬰時(shí)一定是十分震驚，故B項(xiàng)正確。

（2）考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.carried搬運(yùn)；B.lifted抬起；C.weighed重量為……；D.lost失去。句意：當(dāng)保羅只有幾個(gè)星期大的時(shí)候，他的體重超過了450公斤。根據(jù)空前一句Paul

was

so

large

at

birth

that

he

had

to

be

carried

to

his

parents可知，因此當(dāng)他只有幾個(gè)星期大的時(shí)候，體重已經(jīng)超過了450公斤，故C項(xiàng)正確。

（3）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.hungry饑餓的；B.cruel殘忍的；C.sad傷心的；D.responsible負(fù)責(zé)的。句意：小的時(shí)候，保羅總是很餓。空后一句His

parents

needed

100

cows

to

provide

milk

for

his

meals他的父母需要一百頭奶牛來為他提供牛奶，這說明保羅經(jīng)常會(huì)感到肚子餓，故A項(xiàng)正確。

（4）考查副詞及語境理解。A.violently劇烈地；B.peacefully平靜地；C.carefully小心地；D.painfully痛苦地。句意：有時(shí)，保羅在睡覺的時(shí)候翻身的動(dòng)作過于猛烈，以致引起了一連串的小地震。故A項(xiàng)正確。

（5）考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.amused使愉快；B.angered激怒；C.helped幫助；D.killed殺死。句意：盡管這些震動(dòng)并沒有造成危害，但卻激怒了他父母居住的小鎮(zhèn)上的人們。根據(jù)空前的"Harmlessthoughtheywere，"可知，盡管這些震動(dòng)并沒有造成危害，但卻讓小鎮(zhèn)上的人們很生氣，故B項(xiàng)正確。

（6）考查動(dòng)詞短語及語境理解。A.livewith忍受；B.talkabout談?wù)?；C.dealwith處理；D.benefitfrom從……中受益。句意：他的父母不知道該怎么處理他（解決保羅體重過重帶來的麻煩）。根據(jù)下文Paul's

father

built

a

wooden

cradle（搖籃）—a

traditional

bed

for

a

baby

in

the

past，可知保羅的父母不知道該怎么處理保羅體重過重帶來的麻煩，故C項(xiàng)正確。

（7）考查名詞及語境理解。A.forest森林；B.soil土壤；C.water水；D.grass草。句意：他的父母將搖籃放在緬因州海岸的海水中。根據(jù)下文every

time

Paul

rolled

over，huge

waves

covered

all

the，說明他的父母將搖籃放在緬因州海岸的海水中，故C項(xiàng)正確。

（8）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.beautiful美麗的；B.rich豐富的；C.big大的；D.coastal沿海的。句意：然而，每當(dāng)保羅翻身的時(shí)候，巨大的海浪就會(huì)淹沒所有的海岸城鎮(zhèn)。根據(jù)空前一句along

the

coast

of

Maine，可知當(dāng)體型巨大的保羅翻身的時(shí)候，受災(zāi)的自然是沿岸城鎮(zhèn)，故D項(xiàng)正確。

（9）考查名詞及語境理解。A.boat船；B.son兒子；C.cow奶牛；D.bed床。句意：他的父母不得不把兒子帶回陸地上。根據(jù)空前的"Hisparents"可知此處指"他們的兒子——保羅"，故B項(xiàng)正確。

（10）考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.climb爬；B.learn學(xué)習(xí)；C.run跑；D.talk說話。句意：保羅小時(shí)候跑得很快。根據(jù)空后一句Hecouldturnoffa（11）andthenjumpintohisbedbeforetheroomgotdark他能在房間變黑之前跳到床上，這說明保羅小時(shí)候跑得很