廣外大自考英語(yǔ)本科“畢業(yè)水平考試”講義-資料課件

廣東省高等教育自學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)本科段

畢業(yè)水平考試復(fù)習(xí)

Part1:ListeningPredictionbyreadingquestionsandlistentothefirstseveralsentencesKeywordsGeneralideaDetailsGiveupandmoveonifyoucan’t.題型態(tài)度題場(chǎng)景題細(xì)節(jié)題主旨題理解題PartIISectionA:Proofreading常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤類(lèi)型時(shí)態(tài)搭配（介詞搭配、固定搭配、短語(yǔ)搭配）名詞單復(fù)數(shù)（代詞指代）主謂一致邏輯詞性詞義關(guān)系代詞平行結(jié)構(gòu)SectionB:CloseSteps:1.Readingthroughthepassagequickly.2.Findthekeywordshelpingtofilltheblanks.題型搭配題語(yǔ)義題詞義辨析題主旨題PartIIIReadingComprehension掌握大意——主旨題細(xì)節(jié)題——迅速定位推理題——合理推斷PartIVTranslationTrytofindthesuitableequivalencesinChineseDidMaryfollowthescholar’sargument?Thegistofwhattheysaidinthemeetingwasasfollows.Tomfollowsthelaw.Thegeneralmanagerproposedtobuildtwograndhotelstherein2019andmorethefollowingyear.ThestreetsofHangzhouwerealmostdesertedtodayasHangzhoupeopleturnedintotheirradiotofollowthecourtproceedings.Theprivatedetectivefollowthemanforacoupleofdays.Inthedemonstrationtheywerefollowedbyagroupofoldladies.Ihavefollowedtheprogressoftheconstructionofthisresidentialareawithdeepinterest.Ifthisviewiscorrect,itfollowsthattheblackholeisakindofmaterialintheuniverse.TrytofindthesuitableequivalencesinEnglish干部應(yīng)該虛心聽(tīng)取群眾的意見(jiàn)。你應(yīng)該聽(tīng)醫(yī)生的意見(jiàn)。湯姆對(duì)此很有意見(jiàn)。許多人對(duì)這種做法很有意見(jiàn)。我對(duì)該教學(xué)計(jì)劃提出了一些修改意見(jiàn)。雙方在昨天的會(huì)商鬧起了意見(jiàn)。中美兩國(guó)就雙邊關(guān)系及共同關(guān)心的問(wèn)題交換了意見(jiàn)。雙方取得了一致意見(jiàn)。他們?cè)谶@件事上意見(jiàn)不一。如果沒(méi)有意見(jiàn)，現(xiàn)在散會(huì)。PracticeTherain-triggeredmudslidesinZhouquCountyofnorthwestChina'sGansuProvincehaskilled1270people.Itisreportedthattherobberarmedwithapistolkillsincoldblood.Thestockexchangevotedtokilltheproject.Afterkillingtheballwithhischestandhisthigh,hebrushedpastBeckhamandshotatthegoal.Toomuchsaucewouldkillthetasteoftheherbs.Hekilledthetreebysprayingittooheavily.Afterdivorce,hekilledeverydaydownbyplayingmahjongwithhisdepravedcompany.Herjokenearlykilledme.Theykilledthemotionwhenitcamefromcommittee.Theoutstandingfinalkilledtheaudience.翻譯強(qiáng)化練習(xí)1：我的最大愛(ài)好是深思默想。我可以一個(gè)人長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地獨(dú)處而感到愉快。獨(dú)享歡樂(lè)是一種愉快，獨(dú)自憂(yōu)傷也是一種愉快。孤獨(dú)的時(shí)候，精神不會(huì)是一片純粹的空白，它仍然是一個(gè)豐富多彩的世界。Mymostfavoredhobbyis(musing)meditation.Icouldstayinsolitudeforalongtimewithoutfeelingunpleasant.Toenjoyhappinessaloneishappiness,tobearsadnessaloneisalsohappiness.Whenyoustayalone,yourinnerworldisnotblank,ratheritisfullofgloriescolors.情緒上的大歡樂(lè)和大悲痛往往都在孤獨(dú)中產(chǎn)生。孤獨(dú)中，思維可以不依照邏輯進(jìn)行。孤獨(dú)更多地產(chǎn)生人生的詩(shī)情——激昂的和傷感的。Greathappinessandsorrowusuallycomefromsolitude.Whileyouarealong,itallowsthemindtomender,wanderfreely,unrestrainedbylogic.Solitude,moreoftenthannot,brewshumanpoeticfeelings---inspiringorsentimental.孤獨(dú)可以使人的思想向更遙遠(yuǎn)更深邃的地方伸展，也能使你對(duì)自己或環(huán)境作更透徹的認(rèn)識(shí)和檢討。Solitudecanhelpyoutofurtherdevelopyourideasfartherandmoreprofound,andcanhelpyoumakeamorethoroughrecognitionandexaminationofyourselfandenvironmentyouarein.翻譯強(qiáng)化練習(xí)2：世界上第一代博物館屬于自然博物館，它是通過(guò)化石、標(biāo)本等向人們介紹地球和各種生物的演化歷史。Thefirstgenerationofmuseumsarewhatmightbecallednaturalmuseumswhich,bymeansoffossils,specimensandotherobjects,introducedtopeopletheevolutionaryhistoryoftheEarthandvariouskindsoforganisms.第二代屬于工業(yè)技術(shù)博物館，它所展示的是工業(yè)文明帶來(lái)的各種階段性結(jié)果。這兩代博物館雖然起到了傳播科學(xué)知識(shí)的作用，但是，它們把參觀者當(dāng)成了被動(dòng)的旁觀者。

Thesecondgenerationarethoseofindustrialtechnologieswhichpresentedthefruitsachievedbyindustrialcivilizationatdifferentstagesofindustrialization.Despitethefactthatthosetwogenerationsofmuseumshelpedtodisseminate/propagate/spreadscientificknowledge,theyneverthelesstreatedvisitorsmerelyaspassiveviewers.世界上第三代博物館是充滿(mǎn)全新理念的博物館。在這里，觀眾可以自己去動(dòng)手操作，自己細(xì)心體察。這樣，他們可以更貼近先進(jìn)的科學(xué)技術(shù)，去探索科學(xué)技術(shù)的奧妙。Thethirdgenerationofmuseumsintheworldarethoserepletewith/fullofwhollynovelconcepts/notions/ideas.Inthosemuseums,visitorsareallowedtooperatetheexhibitswiththeirownhands,toobserveandtoexperiencecarefully.Bygettingclosertotheadvancedscienceandtechnologiesinthisway,peoplecanprobeintotheirsecretmysteries.翻譯強(qiáng)化練習(xí)3：大自然對(duì)人的恩賜，無(wú)論貧富，一律平等。所以人們對(duì)于大自然全部一致并深深地依賴(lài)著。尤其在鄉(xiāng)間，上千年來(lái)人們一直以不變的方式生活著。Naturedoesthesamefavortoeveryhumanbeing,whetherrichorpoor.Soallthehumansputonthenaturedeepdependence,especiallyinthecountryside,wherethepeoplehavebeenlivingthesamelifeforthousandsofyears.種植莊稼和葡萄，釀酒和飲酒，喂牛和擠奶，鋤草和栽花;在周末去教堂祈禱和做禮拜，在節(jié)日到廣場(chǎng)拉琴、跳舞和唱歌。Theyplantcropsandgrapes,makewinetodrink,feedthecattleandmilkthecows,weedandplantflowers.Theygotochurchatweekends,andplaymusicinstrumentsontheplazainthefestivals,dancingandsinging.往日的田園依舊是今日的溫馨家園。這樣，每個(gè)地方都有自己的傳說(shuō)，風(fēng)俗也就衍傳了下來(lái)。Thepreviousruralfarmsremaintoday’ssweethome.Inthiswayeachareahaslegendsofitsownandthecustomspassdown．翻譯強(qiáng)化練習(xí)4：7月初，廣州市政協(xié)向廣州電視臺(tái)提交建議，要求大幅提高普通話(huà)在廣州電視臺(tái)的播出比例，降低粵語(yǔ)播音比重。EarlyJuly,theGuangzhouCPPCCproposedtoGuangzhouTVchannel,requestingtheTVstationtosubstantiallyincreasetheuseofMandarininthestation'sbroadcastingtoreplacethecurrentprogramsbroadcastedinCantonese.這觸發(fā)了近年來(lái)一直盤(pán)踞在廣州人對(duì)本土文化消失的深厚焦慮。七月的廣州，從大眾媒體到網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界，"保衛(wèi)粵語(yǔ)"的聲浪，如七月驕陽(yáng)，持續(xù)高漲。TheproposaltriggeredthepublicconcernandworsenedtheanxietyofGuangzhouresidentsforthedisappearinglocalcultureoverthepastyears.DuringJuly,frommassmediatointernet,thewaveof"ProtectingCantonese“,likethetemperatureinthismonth,continuestoriseinGuangzhou.翻譯強(qiáng)化練習(xí)5：上海世博會(huì)自開(kāi)幕以來(lái)，一直有著"東熱西冷"的現(xiàn)象：浦東園區(qū)的眾多國(guó)家館深受觀眾"追捧"，沙特館、日本館、德國(guó)館等排隊(duì)時(shí)間往往超過(guò)4小時(shí)；而浦西的城市最佳實(shí)踐區(qū)則相對(duì)冷清。ShanghaiWorldExpohassinceitsopeningbeenmorepopularintheeastsection(Pudong)thaninthewest(Puxi).MostnationalpavilionslocatedinPudonghavebeenadmiredanddesiredbyvisitors.Visitorshavetoqueueforoverfourhoursforsomenationalpavilions,suchasSaudiArabia,Japan,Germany,etc.Bycontrast,UrbanBestPracticesArea(UBPA)inPuxiislargelyoverlooked.盡管組織者近日推出了"集滿(mǎn)最佳實(shí)踐區(qū)16個(gè)印章，可參觀熱門(mén)館"的"捆綁"舉措，但收效不大。為了進(jìn)一步為浦東園區(qū)"散熱"，上海世博局副局長(zhǎng)胡勁軍23日透露，近日已開(kāi)始把歐洲廣場(chǎng)的部分演出向浦西青年博覽廣場(chǎng)轉(zhuǎn)移。Althoughtheorganizerhaslaunchedtheactivityof“Ifyoucollect16sealsfromUBPA,youcanvisitoneofthepopularnationalpavilions”,butitprovedtobeavail.Furthermore,someoftheperformancesstagedattheEuropeanSquareinPudong,willbesoontransferredtotheYouthExpoSquareinPuxi,saidHuJinjun,ViceDirectorofShanghaiExpoBureau,inaneffortto"cool"theoverheatedPudongsection.翻譯強(qiáng)化練習(xí)6：近日，關(guān)于各地高中語(yǔ)文教材"大換血"的討論甚是熱鬧，因其中涉及的魯迅作品較多，被稱(chēng)為"魯迅大撤退"。對(duì)此，外界觀點(diǎn)可謂針?shù)h相對(duì)。Recently,thediscussiononrenewinghighschoolChineseteachingmaterialinmanyprovinceshasbeenoverheatedbecauseitisrelatedtoomuchtoreplacingLuxun’sworks,whichwascalled“bigwithdrawalofLuxun”.Towardsthisissue,theoutsidersholdconflictingviewpoints.支持者認(rèn)為新時(shí)期作家的作品更具當(dāng)下價(jià)值，反對(duì)者則擔(dān)心青少年在上語(yǔ)文課時(shí)缺失人文理想。ThesupportersbelievethattheworksofcontemporarywritersdocontainmorecontemporaryvalueswhiletheopponentsareworriedabouttheteenagersmightlosttheirhumanityidealintheChineseclasses.網(wǎng)友的質(zhì)疑聲也不斷，很多網(wǎng)友認(rèn)為，刪除大量經(jīng)典作品無(wú)論對(duì)于老師教學(xué)還是學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)都不利，不過(guò)，也有相當(dāng)部分網(wǎng)友力挺改革。Thedoubtsfromnetizensarealsoconstant.Mostofthemholdthatdeletingtoomuchclassicworkswillbenefitneitherteachersnorstudents.Yetthereareconsiderablenumberofnetizenswhosupporttherenewal.翻譯強(qiáng)化練習(xí)7：Winnersdonotdedicatetheirlivestoaconceptofwhattheyimaginetheyshouldbe;rather，theyarethemselvesandassuchdonotusetheirenergyputtingonaperformance，maintainingpretenceandmanipulatingothers.想像中自己應(yīng)該是什么樣的，成功者沒(méi)將生命消耗在這種信念上．相反，他們活得有自我。因此不絞盡腦汁矯揉造作，不試圖將他人玩弄于股掌之中。Theyareawarethatthereisadifferencebetweenbeinglovingandactingloving，betweenbeingstupidandactingstupid，betweenbeingknowledgeableandactingknowledgeable.Winnersdonotneedtohidebehindamask.他們知道，真正關(guān)愛(ài)和虛情假意之間、真傻和裝傻之間、真才實(shí)學(xué)和佯裝有才之間界限分明。成功者無(wú)需面具掩藏自我。Winnersarenotafraidtodotheirownthinkingandtousetheirownknowledge.Theycanseparatefactsfromopinionsanddontpretendtohavealltheanswers.Theylistentoothers，evaluatewhattheysay，butcometotheirownconclusions.成功者勇于獨(dú)立思考，敢于展示才能。他們能將事實(shí)和觀點(diǎn)區(qū)別開(kāi)來(lái)，不假裝全懂。他們聽(tīng)人進(jìn)言，并權(quán)衡利弊，從而得出自己的結(jié)論。Althoughwinnerscanadmireandrespectotherpeople，theyarenottotallydefined，demolished，bound，orawedbythem.盡管會(huì)欽佩他人，但他們從不為其所勒絆。Winnersdonotplay“helpless”，nordotheyplaytheblaminggame.Instead，theyassumeresponsibilityfortheirownlives.成功者不表現(xiàn)出無(wú)助，也不怨天尤人。相反，他們對(duì)生活盡職盡責(zé)。翻譯強(qiáng)化練習(xí)8：Operaisexpensive:thatmuchisinevitable.Butexpensivethingsarenotinevitablytheprovinceoftherichunlessweabdicatesociety’spowerofchoice.Wecanchoosetomakeopera,andotherexpensiveformsofculture,accessibletothosewhocannotindividuallypayforit.Thequestionis:whyshouldwe?聆聽(tīng)歌劇，無(wú)疑昂貴至極。但是，昂貴的事物并非必定屬于富人的范疇，除非我們放棄社會(huì)的選擇權(quán)。我們可以選擇去使歌劇以及其他某些昂貴的文化形式也能為那些不具備個(gè)人支付能力的人所享受。但問(wèn)題是，我們有必要這么做嗎？Nobodydeniestheimperativesoffood,shelter,defence,healthandeducation.Buteveninaprehistoriccave,mankindstretchedoutahandnotjusttoeat,drinkorfight,butalsotodraw.Theimpulsetowardsculture,thedesiretoexpressandexploretheworldthroughimaginationandrepresentationisfundamental.沒(méi)人會(huì)否認(rèn)食物、居所、防護(hù)、健康與教育的不可或缺性。但即便是在史前時(shí)代的洞穴中，人類(lèi)伸出手來(lái)，早就不單純是為了吃、喝或搏殺，而且亦進(jìn)行繪畫(huà)創(chuàng)作。人類(lèi)對(duì)于文化的沖動(dòng)，通過(guò)形象思維和再現(xiàn)手段來(lái)表現(xiàn)并探索世界的欲望，乃亙古有之。翻譯強(qiáng)化練習(xí)9：Beyondallthatistheprofoundsignificanceofchildrentotheveryinstitutionofthefamilyitself.Tomanypeople,husbandandwifealonedonotseemaproperfamily—theyneedchildrentoenrichthecircle,tovalidateitsfamilycharacter,togathertheredemptiveinfluenceofoffspring.后代對(duì)于家庭這一體制本身所具有的深遠(yuǎn)意義遠(yuǎn)非如此。對(duì)許多人來(lái)說(shuō)，夫妻兩人尚不足以構(gòu)成一個(gè)真正意義上的家庭——夫妻需要孩子來(lái)豐富其兩人小天地，賦予該小天地以真正意義上的家庭性質(zhì)，并從子孫后代身上獲取某種回報(bào)。Childrenneedthefamily,butthefamilyseemsalsotoneedchildren,asthesocialinstitutionuniquelyavailable,atleastinprinciple,forsecurity,comfort,assurance,anddirectioninachanging,oftenhostile,world.Tomostpeople,suchahomebase,intheliteralsense,needsmorethanonepersonforsustenanceandingenerationalextension.孩子需要家庭，但家庭似乎也需要孩子。家庭作為一種社會(huì)機(jī)構(gòu)，以其特有的方式，至少?gòu)脑瓌t上說(shuō)，可在一個(gè)變幻莫測(cè)、常常是充滿(mǎn)敵意的世界中讓人從中獲取某種安全、慰藉、保障，以及價(jià)值取向。翻譯強(qiáng)化練習(xí)10：Thequestionforallofyoutodayis:howwillyoudefinewhatyoumakeofyourself?

Tome,whatyoumakeofyourselfisactuallytwoquestions.There'sthe"you"thatpeopleseeontheoutside.Andthat'showmostpeoplewilljudgeyou,becauseit'salltheycanseewhatyoubecomeinlife,whetheryouweremadePresidentofthis,orCEOofthat,thevisibleyou.今天要問(wèn)大家的一個(gè)問(wèn)題是：你將如何使自己成為你想要塑造成的那種人？就我而言，你將要成什么樣的人其實(shí)包含兩個(gè)方面。其一是那個(gè)人們都可以看到的那個(gè)外在的“你”。大多數(shù)人也是依次來(lái)評(píng)判你，因?yàn)樗麄兯芸吹降哪愕默F(xiàn)實(shí)的生活就是這個(gè)樣子----你也許是這家公司的總裁，或者那家公司的CEO---一個(gè)看得見(jiàn)的你。Butthen,there'stheinvisibleyou,the"you"ontheinside.That'sthepersonthatonlyyouandGodcansee.For25years,whenpeoplehaveaskedmeforcareeradvice,whatIalwaystellthemisdon'tgiveupwhatyouhaveinside.Neversellyoursoul.Becausenoonecaneverpayyouback.其二是那個(gè)人們看不見(jiàn)的隱藏在你內(nèi)心深處的“你”。這個(gè)“你”只有上帝和你自己能看到。25年以來(lái)，當(dāng)有人請(qǐng)我為他們提些職業(yè)建議時(shí)，我總是告訴他們，不要放棄內(nèi)心深處的那個(gè)“你”，決不出賣(mài)自己的靈魂，因?yàn)闆](méi)有人能夠償還得起。PartIVWritingThreepartsIntroduction(thesisstatement)Body(topicsentences)Conclusion(asummary)IntroductionOrganizeyourintroductionasfollows:Beforethethesis,writeasentenceortwoeithertogivebackgroundonthesubjecttosetthelimitofthediscussion,orclarifythekeywordstobeused.Writeyourthesisstatement.AddsomefactstothethesisGuangdongUniversityofForeignStudiesisoneofthemostprestigiousforeignstudiesuniversitiesinChina.Itisaveryniceschoolforstudentsinacademicstudies,self-developmentandjobopportunitiesupongraduation.Example1:Peoplewholiveinthesuburbsarealike.(undivided) Peoplewholiveinthesuburbsarealikeinage,raceandpolitics.(Dividedintothreeparts)Example2:Capitalpunishmentshouldbeabolished.(undivided)Capitalpunishmentshouldbeabolishedbecauseitisuselessandinhuman.(Dividedintotwoparts)Example3:Campusfoodisawful.(undivided)Campusfoodisawfulintaste,varietyandnutrition.(Dividedintothreeparts)Example4:IchooseEnglishasmymajorduetothreefactors.(undivided)

ThreeimportantfactorscontributetomychoosingEnglishasmymajor:mypersonalinterestinit,betterjobopportunitiesandfurthereducationavailability.(Dividedintothreeparts)BodyThebodypartshouldfollowthethesisstatementexactly.Eachpointmentionedinthethesisshouldbecomethetopicsentenceofthebodyparagraphs.Theorderofthethesisshouldbemaintainedinthebodyparagraphs.Thesisstatement

andtopicsentenceThethesisstatementplansthetrip.Ittellsnotonlywheretheessayisgoing,buthowitisgoingthere.Thetopicsentenceshowso