英漢互譯第六講課件

NE-CTranslationSomeMajorIssuesLiteralvsFreeIthasmarkedthehistoryofbothwesternandchinesetranslationtheoryfortwothousandyearsSomeMajorIssuesLiteralvsFreeInthewestInClassicaltimesitwasnormalfortranslatorsworkingfromgreektoprovidealiteralword-for-word"translationSomeMajorIssuesLiteralvsFreeInthewestCicero,describinghisowntranslationofAtticoratorsin46BC,emphasizedthathedidnotfollowtheliteral'word-for-wordapproachbut,asanoratorSomeMajorIssuesLiteralvsFreeInthewestCicero:Andididnottranslatethemasaninterpreter,butasanorator,keepingthesameideasandforms,orasonemightsay,thefigures'ofthought,butinlanguagewhichconformstoourusage.andinsodoing,Ididnotholditnecessarytorenderwordforword,butIpreservedthegeneralstyleandforceofthelanguage(acer46BC/1960:364)SomeMajorIssuesLiteralvsFreeInthewestFourcenturieslater.StJeromedescribedisBibletranslationstrategyasirendernotword-for-wordbutsenseforsense(Jerome395/2019:25)SomeMajorIssuesLiteralvsFreeInchina佛經(jīng)翻譯中的“文與質(zhì)之爭(zhēng)”eg.維祗難、道安質(zhì)派支謙、鳩摩羅什文派SomeMajorIssuesLiteralvsFreeInchina道安反對(duì)削胡適秦、飾文滅質(zhì),主張翻譯必須力求合乎原文原意,“唯恐失實(shí)。”鳩摩羅什精通佛經(jīng),又通曉梵漢兩種語言深知兩種語言文辭特點(diǎn),所以譯經(jīng)時(shí)余地較大;注重譯文的藻蔚,反對(duì)佛經(jīng)翻譯初期質(zhì)直失藻之風(fēng)。SomeMajorIssuesLiteralvsFreeWhatisaliteraltranslation?Aliteraltranslationisatranslationthatfollowscloselytheformofthesourcelanguage直譯≠硬譯(Word-for-wordtranslation)硬譯就是只忠實(shí)于原文的形式而不忠實(shí)于原文的內(nèi)容。這是翻譯中的形式主義。SomeMajorIssuesLiteralvsFreeword-for-wordtranslationKuntaburstsuddenlyinto