全國大學(xué)英語競賽1課件

乘風(fēng)破浪,世界就在眼前大學(xué)生英語競賽作文部分byJaniceExaminingthecompositionthemeIdeasStructuresTemplatesGrammarsComplexSentencesPhrasesExaminingthethemeofcomposition審題的要點(diǎn)所在————題目的主體和方向Somepeoplethinkaboutpeopleattheageof55andovershouldbeencouragedtoretireinordertogiveopportunitiestoanewgeneration.Doyouagreeordisagree?Iagreethatoldpeopleshouldbeencouragedtoretirebecausetheynolongerhavehealthybodiestocompletesomecomplicatedanddifficultjobs.Ideasreasonableabundantcontent

1.細(xì)節(jié)聯(lián)想法快速思考與題目主體與方面相關(guān)的所有具體信息確定寫作方向從信息中總結(jié)出論點(diǎn)并排列論點(diǎn)順序Whatareyouropinionabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoffastfood?Fastfoodchains,likeMcDonaldandKFCCheezeburges,softdrinks,frenchfriesandketchuptakeaway,havebreakfastonthewaytoworklotsofchildren;noisy;openfor24hours,agoodplacetogoatmid-nightdonotgetusedto2.逆向思維聯(lián)想法

In1995,anEnglishmankilledaburglarwhobrokeintohishouse.Hewassentenced.Doyouthinkheshouldbesentenced?Howcanweprotectourproperty?3.分類法A=B+C+D+......Somepeoplethinkoldbuildingsshouldbedestroyedandreplacedwithmodernbuildings.Doyouagreeordisagree?Part1:Introduction.Thereareavastnumberofoldstructuresinurbanareastoday.Whethertheyshouldbedemolishedisacontroversialissue.Part2:Someshouldbedemolished.a.unsafeb.spoiltheappearanceofcitiesPart3:Someshouldbepreserveda.buildingsofhistoricalsignificanceb.oldbuildingsofspecialartisticvaluec.uniqueethnicarchitecturePart4：ConclusionSomehigh-schoolgraduatesgototravelorworkforaperiodoftimebeforetheygotostudyinuniversities.Discussadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthispracticetotheirstudiesinuniversity.high-schoolgraduateswhoplantostudyhumanitiesorsocialscienceinuniversity;high-schoolgraduateswhointendtostudyscienceandengineeringinuniversity4.反駁命題-替代-est(形容詞最高級),only(唯一的),ban/stopSomepeoplethinkmotorizedflightwasthegreatestinventioninthe20thcenturyandithasthebiggestimpactonourlives.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?Part1Introductionareusedextensively;ishighlydebatablePart2讓步段Admittedly,motorisedflightwasagroundbreakinginventioninthetwentiethcentury.a.promoteinternationaltradeb.facilitateregionalinternationalculturalcommunicationPart3However,therewereinventionsevenmoreinfluentialthanmotorisedflight.Part4ConclusionSomepeoplethinkstricterpunishmentfordrivingoffendersistheonlyeffectivewaytoimprovesafetyontheroads.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?Part1IntroductionPart2讓步段Admittedly,givingdrivingoffendersstricterpunishmentcontributestoroadsafety.Part3Ontheotherhand,thereareplentyofotheroptionsthatcanimprovesafetyontheroadsa.Oneshouldnotbenegligentintrafficregulationsb.raiseworkingefficiencyofroadpolicingofficersc.improveroadconditionsIncreasingthepriceofpetrolisthebestwaytosolvegrowingtrafficandpollutionproblems.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?Whatothermeasuresdoyouthinkmightbeeffective?油價飆升petrolpricehike交通、食品、旅行等費(fèi)用的全面上漲across-the-boardrisesintransportcosts,foodpricesandtravelexpenses引發(fā)一系列經(jīng)濟(jì)與社會問題triggeraseriesofsocio-economicproblems,suchashighinflation,reducedindustryprofitsandlesstravel導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退dragtheeconomyintorecession一種更清潔，更在環(huán)境層面上可持續(xù)的能源acleanerandmoreenvironmentallysustainableenergy電動汽車electriccars/vehicles(hybridvehicles)提高公眾環(huán)保意識raisethepublicawarenessofenvironmentalprotection提高公交服務(wù)的質(zhì)量improvethepublictransportservicesavailabletocitizens5.Mr.sec.法Money;MindRights;ResponsibilitiesSafety;SocietyEnvironment;EfficiencyCulture;CompetitionMoneyexpensive;industry;havefun花一大筆錢......spendalargesumofmoneyonsth./indoingsth.把沉重的經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)加在....上layaheavy/greatfinancialburdenon減輕...的經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)releasethefinancialburdenof對政府的收入有貢獻(xiàn)contributemuchtothegovernment'srevenueMindsoul;spirit;psychological/mentalhealth;broadenone'shorizon;thinkforoneself;physicalhealth遭受很大壓力sufferfromgreatpressure導(dǎo)致一些心理問題如孤獨(dú)與寂寞leadtopsychologicalproblemssuchaslonelinessandisolation有助于培養(yǎng)...的獨(dú)立性helptocultivateone'sindependenceRightscivilrights;lawsandregulations;fair/unfair...是公平的/合理的Itisafair/reasonablepracticetodosth.違背了...的權(quán)利和自由violateone'srightsandfreedomResponsibilities....是...的責(zé)任。Itisone'sduty/responsibilities/obligationtodosth.Safetycrime;offense;確保...的安全ensure/guaranteeone'ssafety對...構(gòu)成威脅posethreattosb./sth.Efficiencytime-saving;convenient;newtechnology......是一種方便且有效的方法。Itisaconvenientandefficientwaytodosth.Culturelanguage;education;entertainment開闊視野broadenone'shorizon/vision豐富我們的文化生活enrichourculturallife拓寬知識面widenone'sscopeofknowledgeCompetitioncompetitive;employment,unemployment激烈的競爭intense/fiercecompetitionExercise請快速思考下面題目的主體段各自分論點(diǎn)，并用英文簡要表達(dá)：1.Somepeoplethinkstudentsshouldfocusonafewsubjectswhileothersthinktheyshouldstudyawiderangeofsubjects.Discussboththeseviewsandgiveyourownopinion.efficiencyConcentratingoncertainsubjectsallowsstudentstogainspecialisedknowledgeandskillsmoreefficiently.mindFocusingonspecificsubjectsenablesthemtolayamoresolidfoundationofthesesubjects.MindStudyingawiderangeofsubjectsgivesstudentstheopportunitytoexpandtheirintellectualoutlook.CompetitionAsoundunderstandingofawidevarietyofsubjectshelpsstudentstofindajobmoreeasilyaftergraduation.CultureStudyingsubjectssuchasmusicandpaintingdeepensstudents'understandingofartsandcultureingeneral.2.Themediashouldnotreportcrimesindetail.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?MindDetailedmediareportsoncrimesmayleavecitizensapprehensiveabouttheirownsafety.SafetyMediacoverageofacrimeisoftenbiasedandthusmaymisleadthepublicopinionabouttheoffence.RightsCrimevictimsmaybeemotionallyhurtbyinappropriatereporting.MindThepublicwillbebetterinformedaboutcriminalacts,whichcanhelplaw-abidingcitizenstoprotectthemselvesandtheircommunitiesagainstfuturecrimes.MoneySuchreportstendtoincreasetheaudiencesize,whichmeansmoreadvertisingrevenueformediacompaniesandmorejobopportunitiesinthenewsindustry.Structure折中法vs.一邊倒應(yīng)熟練掌握一兩個結(jié)構(gòu)明確其中每句話起到的邏輯作用1.開頭段2-4句1.background(可略)2.引入topic(必寫)3-4.轉(zhuǎn)述原題觀點(diǎn)并引出下文(可略)若是一邊倒的觀點(diǎn)，要在第一段末句強(qiáng)調(diào)出來。第二段1+n句論述自己更傾向的那一方的觀點(diǎn)1.topicsentence概括本段觀點(diǎn)2.這種觀點(diǎn)的第一個分論點(diǎn)。即理由一3.寫一句話來支持第一分論點(diǎn)4.理由二5.寫一句話支持第二分論點(diǎn)。。。第三段1+n句讓步段陳述自己不太傾向的那一方的觀點(diǎn)1.概括這種觀點(diǎn)2.理由一；即分論點(diǎn)一3.寫一句話來支持分論點(diǎn)4.寫一句話提出這種觀點(diǎn)中存在什么不妥的地方5.寫一句話來支持第四句結(jié)尾段2-3句1.概括讓步段中自己不是很同意的觀點(diǎn)。(可略)2.重申自己更傾向的一方觀點(diǎn)(必寫)3.提出我們/政府/媒體/家長等應(yīng)該如何做。開頭段的同義詞替換在當(dāng)代Todaynowadaysatpresentinthepresentageincurrentsocietyinmodern-daysocietyincontemporarysociety眾所周知Itisgenerally

believedthat...widelycommonlyextensivelyuniversallyacceptedrecognisedacknowledgedItisawell-knownfactthat...越來越重要playanincreasinglyimportantrolein...crucialessentialsignificantcriticalindispensable以驚人的速度向前發(fā)展isadvancingataastonishingspeedrapidastoundingacceleratedunprecedented...的問題越來越嚴(yán)重Theproblemof...isbecomingincreasinglyseveregraveseriousworryingdisturbingworrisome開頭段第二句引出辯論話題的句型...的問題引起了激烈的爭論。theissueofwhether...hasarousedheateddebate.sparkedprovokedtriggeredgivenriseto對...(話題)，不同的人持不同觀點(diǎn)Whenitcomesto...,peopleholdsdifferentviews.withrespecttoregardingconcerningasforopposingconflictingcontradictorydivergent引入話題的其他句型Thedebateoverwhether...hasbeenragingforquitesometimeinmycountry.Theissueofwhether...hasbeenanon-goingdebateforquitesometimeinChina.Publicdebateaboutwhether...hasbeengrowinginintensity.Fewissueshavearousedmorebittercontroversythantheissueofwhether.開頭段第三句一些人認(rèn)為...。然而，另外一些人持有不同觀點(diǎn)，他們認(rèn)為...。Somepeoplearguethat...Butothersstandonaverydifferentground.Theyassertthat....contendinsistmaintainclaimsuggestbelieveproclaimadvocateholdtheviewholdtheopinionareconfidentareoftheopinionpointouttaketheview開頭第四句表明觀點(diǎn)我支持前者。Iaminfavouroftheformerview.favoursupportinclinetowardstheviewthat如果原題只有一種觀點(diǎn)，而你持支持態(tài)度Overall,Iwouldagreewiththeirview.Icanagreewiththeirview,butwithreservation.Personally,Ithinktheirviewhasconsiderablemerit.Ithinkthattheiropinionmeritsconsideration.Tomymind,themerits(strengths)oftheirviewoutweigh(prevailover/outbalance)thedemerits(weaknesses).如果原題只有一個觀點(diǎn)，而你持反對態(tài)度Personally,Ithinktheirviewisonlypartlytrue.Personally,Ifindthisviewill-founded.Ithinktheirviewisoverlysimplistic.Ithinktheirviewisovergeneralised.Ifindtheirviewunconvincing(unpersuasive/problematic/untenable).第二段同義詞替換...是毋庸置疑的。Thereisnodoubtthat...Thereisnodenyingthat...Itistrue(evident/apparent/obvious/clear)that...Undeniably,...Indisputably,...首先InthefirstplaceTobeginwithTostartwithThefirstpointregardingthisisthat...其次InthesecondplaceThenMoreoverFurtherFurthermoreBesidesForanother...also......aswell.最后LastlyFinallyMoreimportantlyAdditionally因此（用于支持句前）thereforethushenceconsequentlyasaconsequenceasaresult更確切的說(用于支持句之前)SpecificallyMorepreciselyMoreexactly事實(shí)上（用于支持句之前）InfactThisistrueinthat...Thismakessenseinthat...Asamatteroffact換句話說（用于支持句之前）Inotherwords...thatistosay...BythatImean第三段讓步段我承認(rèn)...Iconcede(admit/recognise/acknowledge)that...Admittedly,轉(zhuǎn)折連詞Evenso,NeverthelessNonethelessHoweverStillDespitethat,舉例子ForinstanceForexampleOneillustrationofthisis...Acaseinpointis...結(jié)尾段InsummaryTosumupInsumInthefinalanalysisBasedonalltheargumentsofferedaboveOnthebasisoftheabovediscussionHavingconsideredalltheargumentsaboveGrammaticalmistakes1.名詞Employeecangetmorebenefitsfromtelecommutingthanemployer.2.動詞Workathomeusingmoderntechnologycangreatlyenhanceourefficiency.Childrenwhoareraiseinimpoverishedfamiliescangenerallydealwithproblemsmoreeffectivelyintheiradultyears.Theproblemsthatarecreatedbyenvironmentalcontaminationisveryhardtoresolve.Manystudentsarelikestudyinghomeeconomics.Culturesaroundtheworldwerebecomingincreasinglysimilartoday.3.形容詞與副詞Intelligentstudentsshouldnotbetreateddifferentbytheirteachers.4.短語Countriesshouldpayattentiononthedisadvantagesglobalisationmaycreate.payattentiontoreasonfor...solutiontoTheinternethasinsteadofteachersinmanyclassrooms.5.代詞Someparentsdonotobeytrafficruleshimself.6.句子SomepeoplethinktheInternetonlyhaspositiveimpact,otherpeoplebelieveitalsohasnegativeinfluenceonourlives.7.therebe句型Therearemanyparentsthinkthatthemainpurposeofeducationshouldbetoprovidechildrenwithknowledge.改錯練習(xí)1.Conflictsmayarisebetweentouristandlocalresident.2.Growupinapoorfamilymakessomechildrenfeeltheyarenotascapableasotherchildren.3.Someeventsarenotreportbythemediainadependableway.4.Thegovernmentsofallcountriesonthisplanetisbeginningtorealisetheseverityofwatershortage.5.Ingeneral,computershelpstudentslearnthingsmoreeffectively,computergamesmaylowertheirefficiency.6.Therearenumerouscountriesintheworldsufferfrompoverty.7.FastfoodisinsteadingoftraditionalfoodinmanyChinesecities.Studentsshouldpayattention_____howmuchprogresstheymakeinsteadofhowmuchtimetheyspendstudying.Thereason_____theproliferationofpollutionvariesfromcountrytocountry.Scientistshavepresentedmanypossiblesolutions_____theseverepopulationproblemsonearth.Themajorityofpeoplebelievethatmuseumsandartgalleriesareveryimportant_____them.十種閃光語法點(diǎn)a.句首狀語提前Overall,Europesufferedmorefromfarmlanddegradationthantheotherregions,andthemaincausewasdeforestation.instead,unfortunately,oddlyenough,surely,interestingly,similarly,obviously,specifically,traditionally,essentially,inessence,inspiteofthis,inadditionto(thefinancialbenefits),inmanyways,insomecases,asaresultof(mediaattention)b.句子植入短語Sportstarsandpopstars,forexample,aresoonreplacedbynextyounger,moreenergeticgeneration.c.用短語結(jié)束句子Apersonneedstofeelthattheyaredoingvaluablework,sopositivefeedbackfromsuperiorsisveryimportantinthisrespect.Asenseoffulfillmentisalsoencouragedifaworkerfeelsthejobisworthdoingbecauseitcontributestosocietyortheeconomyasawhole.d.現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞Fromourownschoolexperience,wecanfindplentyofevidencetosupporttheviewthatachildcanacquiretheseskillswithcontinuedteachingandguidedpractice.Manypeoplefindtheirrewardsunfair,especiallywhencomparingthesesupersalarieswiththoseoftopsurgeonsorresearchscientists.e.倒裝Onlyinthiswaycanthisproblembeeffectivelysolved.Wecanseethatnotonlyarethereverylargedifferencesbetweentheseeconomies,butthatthesegapsarewidening.Strangeasitmayseem,parents'attentionsometimeshindersstudents'academicdevelopment.BeitClintEastwood,DavidBeckhamorDavidCameron,oneindividualcannothavedoneallalonewhatseemstohavebeenachievedbyhimself.f.強(qiáng)調(diào)Itis...that...;Itis...who...Itistheinteractionofthetwothatshapesaperson'spersonalityanddictateshowthatpersonalitydevelops.g.虛擬Ifsufficientundergroundtrainsystemswerebuiltandeffectivelymaintainedinourmajorcities,trafficontheroadswouldbedramaticallyreduced.h.單詞多樣性1）動詞與名詞之間相互變換improveimprovementintendtointentiongraduategraduationdecidedecisionexploreexplorationdiscoverdiscoveryaspiretoaspirationprovideprovision2)形容詞與抽象名詞間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換maturematuritychaoticchaosgenerousgenerositypossiblepossibilityhappyhappinessapplicableapplicabilityoptimisticoptimismstablestabilitydisastrousdisasteraffordableaffordabilityPeopleareconcernedbecausethetraditionalvaluesaregraduallydisappearingfrom.Peopleareconcernedaboutthegradualdisappearanceofthetraditionalvalues.Telecommutingcanbringnumerousbenefitstobothemployeesandemployers.Bothemployeesandemployerscanbenefitfromtelecommuting.Telecommutingisbeneficialtobothemployeesandemployers.Bothemployeesandemployerscanbebeneficiariesoftelecommuting.i.of+抽象名詞importance;help;value;use;interest;significance;necessity;quality;impactSometechnologies,suchasweaponsofmassdestructionareofnegativeimpact.Ofcrucialimportanceis,inmyview,howwedefine"responsibleforbringingthechildrenup".j.雙重否定（推薦三種句型）InEurope,itisnotunusualforchildrentobebilingual.Itisnotunrealistictopromotemorejobsatisfactioninanyjob.Thesedays,itisnotuncommonthatyoungpeoplehaveabreakfromstudyingaftergraduatingfromhighschool.Complexsentences1.因果關(guān)系(causeandeffect)原因：as;since;dueto;owingto;結(jié)果：hence;thus;therefore;asaconsequence;asaresult;consequently;sothat目的：thereby以此達(dá)到...目的，不能用在句首，后面接-ing或名詞Weforgetthatthisisasourceofpollutionanddifficulttodisposeof;therefore,governmentsneedtoraisethisawarenessinthegeneralpublic.Ourbodycansweat,therebylosingheatbyevaporation.2.舉例子(exemplification)take...forexample;forinstance;suchas;Thispointisbestillustratedwiththeexampleof...名詞Thispointcanbeconfirmedbytheexampleof...consider...forexample...isacaseinpoint.3.對比關(guān)系(comparisonandcontrast)while;whereas;whilstby/incontrast;unlike;AdifferfromBinthat...4.讓步關(guān)系(concession)despite;inspiteof;nonetheless;nevertheless;eventhough;evenif;nomatterhow/what/when/where;aslongas;adj./n.+as+主語+be動詞/seem=although+主系表Thecostoftravelling,eventhoughitisatpresentincreasingduetoaneconomicslow-downglobally,isstillrelativelyaffordabletomanypeople.Talentedasthesechildrenmaybe,theyareunwillingorunabletoco-operatewiththeirpeersingroupactivities.5.假設(shè)關(guān)系(supposition)providedthat...;if...,(then)...;onconditionthat...;Thegovernmentwillincreaseitssupportforpubliceducation,providedthatsuchfundscanbeputtogooduse.6.修飾關(guān)系(modification)定語從句that,who,which,whyTheytendtobemoreindependent,whichisaveryimportantfactorinacademicstudyandresearch.IthinktheremaybesomereasonswhyentertainmentstarsearnhighsalariesbutoverallIagreethattheyareoverpaid.7.取舍關(guān)系(AdditionandExclusion)apartfrom...;ratherthan...;insteadof...;Instead,.../Rather...otherwise;similarly;likewise;accordingly;specifically;particularly;inparticular;Labourrelationsmaybepoorandleadtoresentmentandinsecurityratherthantojobsatisfaction.Sportssalariesarenotdeterminedbythelevelofresponsibilitythatapersonholds.Instead,theyreflectthepublicpopularityofsportingeneral.8.下定義關(guān)系(definition)...,whichmeans,...;...,whichshowsthat...;...,whichsuggeststhat...;...,whichconstitutes...;...;whichisbestcharacterisedby...;...,whichis,essentially,...;...,whichreflects...填空練習(xí)Todaythemediaareoftenfilledwithviolenceandpornography._______,manypeoplearguethatthegovernmentshouldcensorthemedia,whichtheybelievewillpreventviolentorindecentmaterialfromreachingchildren.Mostemployerswouldbemoreimpressedbyanapplicant______hasauniversitydegreethanbyacandidate______onlyhashighschoolqualifications.Thisculturaldifferenceisoneofthereasons________someimmigrantsfromthesamecountrycreatetheirowncommunity______theirvaluedtraditionscanbekept._________overpopulation,manypartsoftheworldarelosingessentialresources,_____forestsandfreshwater._________newspapersandmagazinesmayaimtoreporteventsaccurately,theirmaingoalistoattractmorereaders.4.Eventhoughitisessentialtopromotegenderequalityoncampus,universititesshouldnotacceptequalnumbersofmaleandfemalestudentsineverysubject.5.Someartistshavesucceedednotonlybecauseoftheirnaturaltalentforart,butalsobecauseofthestricttrainingthattheyhadundergone.需要特別強(qiáng)調(diào)的四個短語Ontheonehand,....Ontheotherhand,....Ontheonehand,movinglargecompaniestothecountrysidemayreducethetaxrevenueofthecitygovernment.Ontheotherhand,thismeasurecaneffectivelyrelievethepressureontheurbantransportsystem.Ontheonehand,theyworkslowly.Ontheotherhand,theyalwaysfinishthejob.regardlessof+名詞、動名詞或從句Theyareallowedtohavewhatevertheywant,regardlessofprice.Othersthinkthetruefunctionofauniversityshouldbetogiveaccesstoknowledgeforitsownsake,regardlessofwhetherthecourseisusefultoemployers.intermsof+名詞短語或動名詞短語TheiradultworldwillbechangingconstantlyintermsoftechnologyandtheInternetisthekeytoalltheknowledgeandinformationavailableintheworldtoday.forthesakeofToday,manyelderlypeopleprefertoliveinthecountrysideforthesakeoftheirhealth.inotherwords,thatistosay,bythatImeanThesechildrenareoftenspoiled,notintermsofloveandattentionbutinmorematerialways.Thatistosay,theyareallowedtohavewhatevertheywantandtobehaveastheyplease.Youngadultsmayendupneverreturningtotheirstudiesorfindingitdifficulttoreadapttoanacademicenvironment.BythatImeantheymaythinkthatitisbettertocontinueinaparticularjob.Inmanycountries,childrenareengagedinsomekindofpaidwork.Somepeopleregardthisascompletelywrong,whileothersconsideritasvaluableworkexperience,importantforlearningandtakingresponsibility.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.

Theissueof

childrendoingpaidworkisacomplexandsensitiveone.Itisdifficulttosaywhohastherighttojudgewhetherchildrenworkingis"wrong"or"valuable".Opinionswillalsodifferasto"learning"benefits.Nodoubtteachersandfactoryowners,forexample,wouldhavevaryingconcerns.

Animportantconsiderationisthekindofworkundertaken.Youngchildrendoingarduousandrepetitivetasksonafactoryproductionline,forexample,arelesslikelytobe"learning"thanolderchildrenhelpinginanoldpeople'shome.Thereare

healthandsafetyissuestobeconsideredaswell.Itisanunfortunatefactthatmanyemployersmayprefertousetheservicesofchildrensimplytosavemoneybypayingthemlessthanadultsanditisthistypeofexploitationthatshouldbediscouraged.

However,inmanycountrieschildrenworkbecausetheirfamiliesneedtheadditionalincome,nomatterhowsmall.Thiswascertainlythecaseinthepastinmanyindustrializedcountries,anditisverydifficulttojudgethatitiswrongforchildrentodaytocontributetothefamilyincomeinthisway.

Nevertheless,inbettereconomiccircumstances,fewparentswouldchoosetosendtheirchildrenouttodofull-timepaidwork.Iflearningresponsibilitiesandworkexperienceareconsideredtobeimportant,thenchildrencanacquirethesebyhavinglight,part-timejobsorevendoingtaskssuchashelpingtheirparentsaroundthefamilyhome,whichareunpaid,butundoubtedlyofvalueinchildren'sdevelopment.Phrases---Education課外活動extra-curricularactivities這些課外活動給了學(xué)生們一個施展自己創(chuàng)造力和問題解決能力的窗口。Theseextra-curricularactivitiesofferstudentsanoutletforcreativityandproblem-solving.青春期，青春時光adolescence這本書講述了伴著青春時光所到來的甜美與憂傷。Thebookdealswiththejoysandsorrowsofadolescence.同齡人sb.’speer這些孩子進(jìn)入了一個更大的群體中，來自教師和同齡人的影響將會和父母在家中的影響一樣重要。Theyareenteringawidercommunitywhereteachersandpeerswillhavejustasmuchinfluencesastheirparentsdoathome.某人逃避某種責(zé)任shirkone’sresponsibilitiesforsth.家長不應(yīng)該逃避教育自己孩子的重任。Parentsshouldnotshirktheirresponsibilitiesforeducatingtheirchildren....是一個需要付出艱苦努力的過程。sth.beanarduousprocess考入一所名牌大學(xué)通常是一次需要付出艱苦努力但回報也同樣豐厚的過程。Attendingauniversitywithatop-tierreputationoftenisanarduousbutrewardingprocess.夢想，追求someone'saspiration/pursuit相比其他地方的孩子，農(nóng)村的孩子在教育上的追求與渴望是大不相同的。Theeducationalaspirations/pursuitsofruralyouthtendtobedifferentfromthoseofstudentslivingelsewhere.達(dá)到...的期望meetone'sexpectations他的學(xué)習(xí)成績沒有達(dá)到他父母的期望Hisacademicperformancefailedtomeethisparents'expectations.壓制個性repressindividuality統(tǒng)一校服可能會壓制學(xué)生個性的表現(xiàn)并否定他們自由選擇的權(quán)利。Schooluniformsmayrepressindividualityanddenystudentsthefreedomofchoise.與某種需求一致，符合某種需求begearedtosth.教育應(yīng)根據(jù)學(xué)生的需求與能力量體裁衣。Educationshouldbegearedtothestudents'needsandabilities.把理論運(yùn)用到實(shí)踐中去puttheoryintopracticeintegratetheorywithpractice研討會可以幫助學(xué)生更好地讓理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際。在那里他們可以通過實(shí)際操作來檢驗(yàn)自己的想法和計劃。Theworkshophelpsstudentstoputtheoryintopractice.Theycantesttheirideasorplansforpracticalapplicationsthere.喚起某人對某事物的興趣kindlesomeone’sinterestinsth.Emma用她精湛的教學(xué)技巧重新燃起了學(xué)生們對數(shù)學(xué)的興趣。Thestudents’interestinmathematicswaskindledbyEmma’sexcellentteaching.社會類常用短語juveniledelinquency青少年的犯罪率正在上升。Ratesofjuveniledelinquencyareontherise.behopelesslyaddictedto...這個小孩開始對恐怖片徹底上癮。Thekidhasbecomehopelesslyaddictedtohorrorfilms.rulesandregulations在相關(guān)法規(guī)被制定之前，這項(xiàng)工作是十分危險的。Thejobhadbeenverydangerousbeforerulesandregulationswereintroduced.underprivileged在一些國家，政府來運(yùn)作學(xué)校的伙食項(xiàng)目，這樣那些弱勢群體出身的孩子就可以吃上足夠的食物了。Insomecountries,thegovernmentrunsschoolfeedingprogrammessothatunderprivilegeschildrencanhaveenoughfood.beestrangedfromsb.看到一些長大成年的孩子與他們的父母疏遠(yuǎn)了關(guān)系真是令人傷感。Itissadtoseesomegrown-upchildrenestrangedfromtheirparents.empty-nestsyndromeMrs.Johnson正在經(jīng)受空巢綜合癥所來的煎熬。Mrs.Johnsonissufferingfromempty-nestsyndrome.thesenseofobligation家長的責(zé)任感會使得他們對子女要求過高。Parents'senseofobligationcouldmakethemoverlydemanding.科技類詞匯尖端的技術(shù)cutting-edgetechnologysophisticatedtechnology科技發(fā)展technologicaladvancestechnologicalprogressions科技創(chuàng)新/突破technologicalinnovations/breakthroughs讓人類從繁重的體力勞動中解放出來liberatehumansfromheavymanuallabour互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的廣泛使用theextensiveuseoftheInternettheproliferationoftheInternet信息爆炸/超載informationexplosion/overload虛擬的世界virtualworld社交網(wǎng)站socialnetworkingwebsite網(wǎng)絡(luò)詐騙onlinefraud實(shí)時的信息交流(MSN,Skype,TencentQQ)real-timecommunicationinstantmessaging基因工程geneticengineering轉(zhuǎn)基因食品genetically-modifiedfood有機(jī)食品organicfood化肥chemicalfertiliser提高農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量boostcropyield隨著越來越多科技突破的出現(xiàn)，對自然科學(xué)的研究在近些年開始變得備受關(guān)注。Withmorescientificbreakthroughs,thestudyofnaturalscienceshasbecomemoresought-after.基因工程可以用來培養(yǎng)出生產(chǎn)力和抗病性更強(qiáng)的牲畜。Geneticengineeringcanbeusedtocreatemoreproductiveanddisease-resistantfarmanimals.像Facebook和Twitter這樣的社交網(wǎng)站給了人們一個好的方式去聯(lián)系其他有著共同興趣目標(biāo)的人。SocialnetworkingwebsiteslikeFacebookandTwitterareagoodwaytomakeconnectionswithpeoplesimilarinterestsandgoals.在未來孩子們可能會感覺人類間的關(guān)系過于麻煩，令人困惑，于是他們更愿意待在自己的虛擬環(huán)境中。Inthefuturechildrenmayfindhumanrelationshipsinconvenientandconfusing,andprefertostayinsideavirtualreality.農(nóng)民們很熱切地把殺蟲劑作為一定會提高農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量的措施來使用。Thefarmersavidlytooktopesticidesasasuremeasuretoboostcropyield.文化類詞匯祖先forefathers/ancestors后代descendants少數(shù)民族ethnicminorities文化融合culturalintegrationandsynthesisCulturalheritagecanbedividedintotwogroups:tangibleculturalheritage,suchashistoricsites,andintangibleculturalheritage,suchascustoms,rituals,rulesofetiquetteandmoralvalues.最容易用錯的單詞benefitbenefitfrom從......中獲益；主語為人或機(jī)構(gòu)benefitvt.對......有益；后面跟賓語，不加fromThesystemwillmainlybenefitresidentsinruralcommunities.lack做及物動詞時，后面絕對不能跟介詞做名詞是，lack后的介詞必須接ofaffectvt.影響不可數(shù)名