2023年中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法連詞講義

一、初中英語(yǔ)連詞分類初中英語(yǔ)連詞通常分為兩類：并列連詞和從屬連詞。二、并列連詞并列連詞用于連接兩個(gè)或多個(gè)并列的句子或分句，如and、but、or和so等。例如：Hestudieshardandpracticesdiligently.ShepreferstheiPhoneXSMax,butherfriendisupgradingtotheiPhoneXR.He’seitheraworkaholicorhe’slazy.三、從屬連詞從屬連詞用于引導(dǎo)從句，如who、which、when、where、how和why等。例如：Iwanttoknowwhyshecanceledtheappointment.Hewantstoapplyforthejob,buthedoesn’tknowhowtowritearesume.四、副詞連詞副詞連詞用于連接兩個(gè)或多個(gè)副詞或短語(yǔ)，以表達(dá)時(shí)間、方式或因果關(guān)系等，如after、before、since、until、when和where等。例如：Theyplayedtennisafterschool.Shehadleftbeforehearrived.Hehadbeenworkinginthecitysince2010.PleasewaituntilIarrive.Heusuallydrinkscoffeewhereheworks.五、介詞連詞介詞連詞用于連接介詞和名詞、代詞或其他介詞短語(yǔ)，以表示方位、順序或?qū)Ρ鹊汝P(guān)系，如at、in、on、against、between、without和than等。例如：ThepicturewaspostedonFacebookatthemomentwearrived.ShelivesinNewYorkwithherparents.Thereisapossibilitythattheywillwinthegameagainstus.Betweenmeandmyfather,Iwastheonlychild.Noonewasallowedtoleavethebuildingwithoutapass.Itwasraininghardthatday.六、指示代詞連詞指示代詞連詞用于連接兩個(gè)指示代詞，表示所屬關(guān)系或同一性，如this、that和these、those等。例如：ThisisthebookIboughtlastweek.Thatwasanaccidentthathappenedonmywaytowork.Thesearemyfavoritemovies.Thesearemyfriends,TomandSue.Thosearethebooksmymomgavemeasabirthdaygift.七、否定連詞否定連詞用于連接含有否定意義的短語(yǔ)或從句，如notuntil、nosoonerthan、hardlywhen和neverbefore等。例如：Notuntilmidnightdidwefinishtheproject.Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhestartedworkingontheproject.Hardlyhadshefinishedherhomeworkwhenthetelephonerang.Thepolicehadnotyetfoundthemissingchild.ItwasneverbeforehehadfeltthisstrongdesiretolearnEnglish.八、疑問(wèn)連詞疑問(wèn)連詞用于連接疑問(wèn)句或從句，以引入疑問(wèn)句或從句中，如when、where、why、who、which和how等。例如：Whendidyougettoknoweachother?WherecanIfindthenearestbusstop?Whyshouldwegotothemountainsforourholiday?Whoisthemanwiththebrownhair?Whichbookdoyoulikebest,thefirstoneorthelastone?Howdidyoumanagetofinishtheprojectsosoon?九、連接并列句連接并列句的連詞有and、or、but、so和for等。例如：IboughtanewcarandanewTV,butIdidn’thaveenoughmoneyforit.Sheistallandthin,butshehasbrownhair.Theylikeicecream,andtheyalsolikecoffee.Hedidn’tknowtheanswer,soheaskedtheteacherforhelp.Weliveinthecity,butweoftengotothecountrysideonweekends.十、連接從句連接從句的連詞有that、who、when、where、why、if和whether等。例如：Idon’tknowifhewilleornot,soIwillcallhimwhenhearrives.Shetoldmethereasonwhyshedidn’twanttogowithus.Whendidyoulastseehim?Hecametoseemelastweek.Ididn’tgotothecinemayesterday,becauseIwastoobusy.Thereasonhewaslatewasthathemissedthetrain.Thequestioniswhetherweshouldgotothepartyornot.十一、并列復(fù)合句連接并列復(fù)合句的連詞有andthat、andso和butthat等。例如：Iwenttothestoreandboughtsomesouvenirs.Andthatwastheendoftheday.Themeetingwasnotverysuccessful,andsowedecidedtotryagainnextyear.Thedaywashot,buttheweatherwasnice,andthatwaswhywedecidedtogotothebeach.Themanwasmyneighbor,butIdidn’tknowhim,andthatwasapity.Ispoketoher,andsheagreedtohelpme,andthatwasagreatsuccess.十二、其他類型的連詞除了上述常見的連詞，還有一些其他類型的連詞，如yet、therefore、for和hence等。例如：Iamworkinghardyet,soIwillfinishtheprojectbytheendofthemonth.Hedidn’teyesterday,andtherefore,Imissedhim.Iliketodrinkcoffee,andtherefore,Icangetupearlyinthemorning.Itisraininghard,fortherehasbeenalotofcloudsovertheweekend.Idon’tknowwhereIcanbuyabook,hence,Ihaven’tboughtanewoneforalmostamonth.十三、連接從句和短語(yǔ)連接從句和短語(yǔ)的連詞有butthat、since、although和eventhough等。例如：Sinceheisastudent,hehastogotoschooleveryday.Althoughtheweatherwasbad,wewentouttoplayinthepark.Shewasastudent,butshewasalsoagoodsinger.Heworkshard,buthestillhasalottolearn.Althoughitwascold,theywentswimminginthelakeinthemorning.十四、選擇性連詞選擇性連詞包括eitheror（兩者中任意一個(gè)）、neithernor（兩者都不）和notonlybutalso（不僅而且）。例如：EitheryougoorIgo.（你去還是我去。）Shedidn’tetothepartyeither.（她也沒來(lái)參加聚會(huì)。）Idon’tlikethebottle,neitherdoesmyfriend.（我不喜歡這瓶酒，我的朋友也不喜歡。）NotonlyyoubutalsoIaminterestedinthebook.（不僅你感興趣，我也對(duì)這本書感興趣。）十五、從句的引導(dǎo)詞從句的引導(dǎo)詞包括that、who、whom、whose、which、when、where、why和how等。例如：Idon’tknowthereasonthathegaveme.（我不知道他給我的原因。）SheismybestfriendwhomImetduringthesummercamp.（她是我在夏令營(yíng)期間遇到的最好的朋友。）Thehouseisbeautifulwherewelive.（我們住的房子很漂亮。）Doyouknowthewaytothestation?Ineedtogettherebytrain.（你知道去火車站的路嗎？我需要乘火車去那里。）十六、非連接性連詞非連接性連詞用于表明事物之間的邏輯關(guān)系，而不一定表示連接。這些連詞包括so、sothat、therefore、for和because等。例如：Sohedidn’tebecausehewasill.（因?yàn)樗×?，所以他沒有來(lái)。）Heworksveryhardsothathecansucceed.（他努力工作以便成功。）Therefore,Ichoosetostayinthecityratherthangobacktothecountryside.（因此，我選擇留在城市，而不是回到鄉(xiāng)下。）IfeltsohappythatIcouldn’tstoplaughing.（我感到非常高興，以至于無(wú)法停止笑。）十七、關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞用于引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。關(guān)系代詞包括who、whom、whose、which和that，關(guān)系副詞包括when、where和why。例如：Heisthemanwhowrotethebook.（他就是寫那本書的人。）Sheisthegirlwhosefatherisadoctor.（她就是她爸爸是醫(yī)生的那個(gè)女孩。）ThehousethatIboughtlastyearisinthesuburbs.（我去年買的房子在郊區(qū)。）Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhedidn’teyesterday.（我不知道他昨天為什么沒來(lái)。）Wouldyoupleasetellmethetimewhenwearegoingtomeet?（你能告訴我我們見面的時(shí)間嗎？）十八、并列連詞的使用在句子中，連接詞（如and、but、or、nor和yet等）可以連接兩個(gè)或多個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子，形成并列句。并列句具有相同的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)，它們之間的關(guān)系是平行的。并列句可以用于表示對(duì)比、轉(zhuǎn)折或強(qiáng)調(diào)等。例如：Theweatherwascold,butshestillplayedthepianoeveryday.Helikesapples,butshelikesbananas.AlthoughIamtired,Iwillfinishthetaskintwohours.Maryisastudent,butsheisalsoasinger.十九、復(fù)合句復(fù)合句（或稱主從復(fù)合句）是一個(gè)包含一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或多個(gè)從句的句子。從句可以根據(jù)需要添加各種類型的連詞，如that、because、if、since和although等。在復(fù)合句中，從句通常起到補(bǔ)充、解釋或說(shuō)明主句的作用。例如：Tomwaslateforthemeetingbecausehewascaughtinatrafficjam.（湯姆因?yàn)榻煌ǘ氯t到了會(huì)議。）AlthoughIamtired,Iwil