Unit2單元知識點復(fù)習(xí)鞏固牛津譯林版九年級英語上冊

9AUnit2Revision一、詞匯專練一、）詞匯（四會詞）：influencevt.影響influentadj.有影響的；同義詞：affect/effectwhetherconj.是否同義詞：ifpeacen.安寧；和平；和睦peacefuladj.sadnessn.悲哀，憂傷adj.sadadj.+ness→n.如：happiness/kindness/illnesscreatevt.造成，引起；創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)建creativeadj.feelingn.感覺，感受(不可數(shù)名詞)；感情（可數(shù)名詞）differentfeelingscheerup使振作起來cheeryou/me/him/her/us/themupasconj.因為requirevt.需要，要求requiresb.todosth.//Sth.requiresdoingsth./tobedone.Theteachersrequireustofinishthetaskbeforeschool.Thebikerequiresrepairing.=Thebikerequirestoberepaired.heatn.熱(不可數(shù)名詞)adj.hotdifficultyn.困難；費力adj.difficulthavedifficulty(in)doingsth做某事費勁havedifficultywithsth.decisionn.決定v.decidedecidetodosth.=makeadecisiontodosth.relationshipn.關(guān)系friendship/airship飛艇，飛船certainlyadv.必定地，無疑地everydayadj.每天的；日常的同義詞：dailypersonaladj.個人的；私人的n.personalityancientadj.古代的，古老的discovervt.發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)覺dislike/disagree/disappearpromisevt.&vi.承諾，允諾promisetodosth.n.promise諾言makeapromise許諾,keepone’spromise信守諾言,breakone’spromise違背諾言orconj.否則workvi.奏效，產(chǎn)生預(yù)期的效果practisevt.從事，執(zhí)業(yè)practisesth./doingsth.suggestvt.建議n.suggestionsuggest(sb.)doingsth.同義詞：advisewouldrather(=’drather)寧愿，更喜歡wouldrather(=’drather)dosth.同義詞：prefertrustn.信任(不可數(shù)名詞)muchtrusthandbagn.女用皮包，手提包hand+bag→handbagmatchn.相配；般配v.相配；般配二、）詞語辨析：/affect/effectaffect/influence/effect這三個詞都有“影響”之義。affect是一個動詞，意思是“對……有影響”或“給……帶來變化”。表示“影響”，指產(chǎn)生一種足以引起反應(yīng)的影響，它有時只表示“對......發(fā)生影響”,不含有好壞的意思;有時表示“對......發(fā)生不良影響”。例如:Smokingaffectshealth.吸煙影響健康。Readinginbedhasaffectedhiseyesight.躺在床上看書,影響了他的視力。Someplantsarequicklyaffectedbycold.有些植物很快受到寒冷的的影響。Doessecondhandsmokeaffectthehealthofallofus?influence表示“影響”、“感染”，是指思想、行為、性質(zhì)或發(fā)展和成長等發(fā)生變化的影響。它可以指壞的影響，也可以指好的影響，這種影響常是潛移默化的。例如:Thisexamplehasgreatinfluenceupon(on)youngpeople.這個榜樣對青年人有很大影響。Theweatherinfluencedthecrops.天氣影響農(nóng)作物。effect作為名詞，表示“影響”、“效果”、“結(jié)果”。effect有時也可以作動詞用，意為“執(zhí)行”。例如:Themedicinehadnoeffectonhim.這藥對他無效。Studythecauseandeffectofthematter.要研究該問題的因果關(guān)系。Onlythepresidentcaneffectsuchachange.只有總統(tǒng)能決定這樣一種變化。2.whether/if連詞if和whether意思是“是否”，在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，在口語中多用if。如:Tomwondersif/whetherhisgrandpawillenextweek.1、只用whether不用if的情況:①與or/ornot連用。Letmeknowwhetheryoucaneornot.②位于句首時。Whetheritistrueornot,Ican'ttell.③whether+todosomething.Idon'tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.④介詞后邊。IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.⑤whether可引導(dǎo)從句，作主語、表語或同位語，而if不能。Itwasuncertainwhetherhewoulde.2、當(dāng)“如果”講，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的時候只用if不用whether.Iwillgooutifitdoesn'traintomorrow.3.as/because/since/forbecause,as,for,since這幾個詞都是表示“原因”的連詞，語氣由強至弱依次為：because→since→as→for;其中because,since,as均為從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句；而for是并列連詞，引導(dǎo)并列句。because表示直接原因，它所指的原因通常是聽話人所不知道的，其語氣最強。常用來回答why的提問，一般放于主句之后，也可以單獨存在。如：

Istayedathomebecauseitrained.因為下雨我呆在家里。在強調(diào)句型中，只能用because。如：ItwasbecauseImissedtheearlybusthatIwaslateforschool.我上學(xué)遲到是因為我沒有趕上早班汽車。since側(cè)重主句，從句表示顯然的或已為人所知的理由，常譯為“因為”、“既然”，語氣比because稍弱，通常置于句首，表示一種含有勉強語氣的原因。如：

(1)Sinceheasksyou,you’lltellhimwhy.他既然問你，那就告訴他為什么吧。

(2)Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sstart.既然大家都到齊了，我們就出發(fā)吧！as是常用詞，它表示的“原因”是雙方已知的事實或顯而易見的原因，或者理由不是很重要，含義與since相同，但語氣更弱，沒有since正式，常譯為“由于，鑒于”。從句說明原因，主句說明結(jié)果，主從并重。如：

(1)Wealllikeherassheiskind.我們都喜歡她，因為她善良。

(2)AsIhadacold,Iwasabsentfromschool.因為我感冒了，所以沒去上課。for用作連詞時，與because相似，但它所表示的原因往往提供上文未交待過的情況。for不表示直接原因，表明附加或推斷的理由，因此for被看作等立連詞，它所引導(dǎo)的分句只能放在句子后部(或單獨成為一個句子)，并且前后兩個分句間的邏輯關(guān)系不一定是因果關(guān)系，其間用逗號隔開，且for不可置于句首，for的這一用法常用在書面語中，較正式。如：

(1)Thedaysareshort,foritisnowDecember.白天短了，因為現(xiàn)在已是十二月份。

(2)Itmusthaverained,forthegroundiswet.(從“地面潮濕”作出“下過雨”的推測，但地濕并不一定是下雨所致,for不可以換為because。)

(3)Thegroundiswetbecauseithasrained.(“下雨”是“地上潮濕”的直接原因。)

前后兩個分句間有一定的因果關(guān)系時(有時很難區(qū)分是直接原因，還是推測性原因)，for與because可以互換使用。如：

(4)Icouldnotgo,for/becauseIwasill.我沒能去，是因為我病了。

(5)Hefeltnofear,for/becausehewasabraveboy.他沒有害怕，因為他是個勇敢的男孩。4.everyday/dailydaily可用作形容詞(只作定語)或副詞；daily指“每日的”，指的是每24小時發(fā)生一次的，或指每日必然發(fā)生的。everyday只用作形容詞(只作定語)；everyday表示“每日的”、“普通的”，指普通或平常的事；用作副詞的daily幾乎與everyday(副詞性短語)同義，兩者常可換用，只是后者更口語化。如：Cookingdinnersishereverydayjob.做飯是她每日的工作。Thesearemyeverydayshoes,notmybestones.這是我日常穿的鞋子，不是最好的。Wemilkthecowstwicedaily[everyday].我們每天給奶牛擠兩次奶。IpracticeseverydayEnglisheveryday.我每天都練習(xí)日常英語。5.suggest/advisesuggestvt.suggest(sb.)doingsth.n.suggestion（可數(shù)名詞）asuggestion/manysuggestionsadvisev.advise(sb.)todosth.n.advice(不可數(shù)名詞)apieceofadvice/muchadvice6.wouldrather/prefer=1\*GB3①wouldratherdosth.Andywouldratherwearorange.=2\*GB3②prefervt.=likebetter,preferred/preferring;prefersth.=like/preferAtoB.=likeAbetterthanB.Ipreferspring.=Ilikespringbetter.Ipreferspringtosummer.=Ilikespringbetterthansummer.prefertodosth.Andypreferstowearorange.=3\*GB3③wouldratherdosth.=prefertodosth.Amywouldratherkeephealthy.=Amypreferstokeephealthy.=4\*GB3④wouldratherdoAthandoB.=preferdoingAtodoingB.=prefertodoAratherthandoB.=likedoingAbetterthandoingB.“寧可干A這件事而不干B這件事?！盡illiewouldrathergoonatripthanstayathome.=Millieprefersgoingonatriptostayingathome.=Milliepreferstogoonatripratherthanstayathome.=Millielikesgoingonatripbetterthanstayingathome.即時自測：根據(jù)漢語提示或首字母提示,在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。canoftenseeabeautiful____________(彩虹)intheskyafterahardraininsummer.issogreatforhimto____________(創(chuàng)造)suchwonderfulprogrammes.theydon'tlookalike,the________(關(guān)系)betweenthemisfatherandson.4.Heisagreatwriterandhiswritinghas____________(影響)thelivesofmillions.5.Iheardthatyoulostyourdog,Iamsorryforyour____________(悲傷).6.Theteacher____________(要求)ustofinishourhomeworkontimelastFriday.7.Nickalwaystalkstoomuchandheeventellshis____________(個人的)informationtoothers.hopemyadvicecanhelpyouwhenyouhaved____________makingadecision.Lisaisalittlegirl,she'dr________wearabluecoatthanapinkdress.10.Ifyouvisitsomea____________towns，youcanfindmostofthemhavehighwallsaround.11.Ifyoumakeap____________,youshouldkeepit.12.Ienjoymyp____________lifeinthecountryside.13.Itriedthisnewmethodyesterday,butitdidn'tw____________.14.Tomdoesn'twanttotalkwithanyone,becauseheisquitew______abouthisingexam.15.Youarealwaysatruefriendtome,thatiswhyIt____________youtokeepthissecretforme.16.I_______(建議)(that)wewaitawhilebeforewemakeanyfirmdecisions.17.She________(從事)medicinefor20years.18.Who___________(發(fā)現(xiàn))America?19.Shehashadtomakesomeverydifficult_________(決定).20.Heaskedusw_________everybodywashere.二、短語歸納及拓展（中考指南）：1.wouldrather...than...寧愿……也不…… wouldratherdoAthandoB.=preferdoingAtodoingB.=prefertodoAratherthandoB.=likedoingAbetterthandoingB.2.inthesky在天空中 3.influencesb./sth.影響某人/某事painted/colouredblue被涂成藍色 sb.up(代詞放中間)使某人開心起來cheeryou/me/him/her/us/themup6.bringpeacetothemindandbody給身心帶來平靜=bringthemindandbodypeace7.bringyousuccess給你帶來成功=bringsuccesstoyou8.feelalittlebitstressed感到有一點壓力alittlebit+adj.=alittle+adj.=abit+adj.alittlefood=abitof(=bitsof)food=alittlebitoffoodnotabit=notatall（一點兒都不）notalittle=verymuch9.makeadecision做決定 makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth.10.hopeforsuccess希望成功 successn.successfuladj.successfullyadv.succeedv.11.worryalot擔(dān)心太多12.havedifficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困難havedifficultywithsth.13.promiseyousuccess保證/承諾你成功承諾某人某事promisetodosth承諾去做某事promise+that從句14.thepowerofcolours顏色的力量thecolourofthesun/thecolourofpurity/nature/envy/heat…15.get(代詞放中間)拿回某物 getit/themback16.leavecollege大學(xué)畢業(yè) 17.improveone'slife提高某人的生活18.sth.lookgoodonsb.某物穿在某人身上好看/goodinsth.某人穿某物好看19.agoodmatch(n.)一個好的搭配20.wear=bein=get/bedressedin...穿著……21.calmdown平靜下來 22.inancientChina在古代中國 23.Amatch(v.)BA跟B搭配24.suitsb.適合某人 suitableadj25.therelationshipbetweencolorsandmoods顏色跟心情的關(guān)系26.dependonpersonaltaste取決于個人的愛好27.beofhelptosb=behelpfultosb對某人很有幫助beof+n.=be+adj.beofuse=beuseful;beofinterest=beinteresting;beofimportance=beimportant;beofwisdom=bewise28.takeaction采取行動takeactiontodosth.補充：29.makeusfeelhappyorsadmakesb.dosth.;feel+adj.;or表示選擇。30.createawarmandfortablefeeling即時自測：從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~或短語并用其正確的形式填空(每個詞或短語只能用一次)。getyourmoneyback; makesb.feel; cheersb.up; beagoodmatch; beofhelp; havedifficultydoingsth.;calmdown; lookgoodon; prefer...to...; paint;1.I'llcolouritorange______________________.Youwillbehappier.2.Canyouhelpme?Iam____________________homework.3.Youhaveto______________________firstwhenyouarecaughtinabigfire.4.Ithinkthisdress______________________youthanthatone.always_______________energetic.That'swhyIlikewearinggreen.6.Thewallsofherbedroomwere_____________pinkbecauseIwasfreeyesterday.youcan'tloseweight,you________________________________.8.Thegirl____________acolourfuldress____________awhitedresswhenshewasyoung. 9.IthinkyourbluetieandTshirt________________________________.10.Thisbook________________________________tome,soIhavereadittwice.三、重要句型（中考指南）isnothingwrongwith...……沒什么毛病。(P20)Thereisnothingwrongwithmywatch.=Nothingiswrongwithmywatch.=There'snotanythingwrongwithmywatch.looksgoodonyou.=Youlookgoodinblue.藍色穿在你身上很好看。(P20)sth.looksgoodonsb.“某物穿在某人身上好看”=sb.looksgoodinsth.“某人穿某物好看”Tryiton,itmaylookgoodonyou.=Tryiton,youmaylookgoodinit.和顏色有個的短語：1.)beinthered虧空，有赤字，2.)beintheblack(賬戶上)有錢,有盈余3.)

awhitelie善意的謊言4.)whiteelephant無用而累贅的東西5.)ayellowdog膽小鬼，卑鄙可恥的人6.)

agreenhand新手7.)

blackandblue遍體鱗傷8.)I'mbluetoday.我今天心情不好。3.Doyouknowhowmanycoloursthereareinarainbow（特殊疑問句作動詞know的賓語用陳述語序。）?你知道彩虹中有多少種顏色嗎?(P21)4.Bluerepresentssadness.藍色代表憂傷。(P22)5.Manywomenliketowearwhiteontheirweddingday.許多女士喜歡在她們結(jié)婚那天穿白色。(P22)6.Haveyoueverwalkedintoaroomandfeltrelaxed?你曾經(jīng)走進一個房間并感覺輕松嗎?(P22)redmakesiteasierforyoutotakeaction.穿紅色使你更容易采取行動。(P23)Wearingred動名詞作主語。it作形式賓語，動詞不定式totakeaction作真正的賓語。easier賓語補足語。takeaction采取行動takeactiontodosth.Wehaveto

takeaction

tostopthem.★Can________(wear)redmakeiteasierforyoutotakeaction?wearingDoes___________(wear)redmakeiteasierforyoutotakeaction?wearing8.Itcanremindyouofawarmday.=Itcanmakeyouthinkofawarmday.它能使你想起溫暖的一天。(P23)remindsb.ofsth.=makesb.thinkofsth.“提醒；使想起”remindsb.(not)todosth.Youremindmeofyourfatherwhenyousaythat.=Youmakemethinkofyourfatherwhenyousaythat.Yourparentsremindyounottobelateforclass.9.Thiscanhelpwhenyouarehavingdifficultymakingadecision.當(dāng)你做決定有困難時這能幫助你。(P23)havedifficulty(in)doingsth.做某事費勁Hehasdifficultyinhisstudies.他學(xué)習(xí)吃力。makeadecision做出決定，下決心Thereisnohurrytomakeadecision.沒有必要匆忙做出決定。★Whatgreatdifficultytheyhad________(work)outtheproblem?working10.Wepromisethatthismethodcanhelpyouchangeyourmoods,oryouwillgetyourmoneyback.我們承諾這種方法能幫助你改變你的心情,否則你可以拿回你的錢。(P29)承諾某人某事;promisetodosth承諾去做某事promise+that從句句中的or是轉(zhuǎn)折連詞，意思是“否則”。Hurryup,orwe'llbelate.11.Redandwhiteareagoodmatch.紅色跟白色是很好的搭配。(P32)用and連接的兩個單詞或短語作主語時，一般謂語用復(fù)數(shù)；但是如果用and連接的主語表示一個概念，謂語常用單數(shù)。如：JohnandTomareplayingbasketball.約翰和湯姆正在打籃球。Aforkandknifeisonthetable.桌子上有一副刀叉。句中的match用作名詞，意思是“搭配”；match也可用作動詞，意思是“與......相配，相一致”。如：Herbagmatchedhershoes.她的包很配她的鞋子。補充：12.Infact,colourscanchangeourmoodsandmakeusfeelhappyorsad,energeticorsleepy.sleepv./n.睡覺；sleepyadj.困倦的，瞌睡的；asleepadj.睡著的energyn.精力energeticadj.精力充沛的make+賓語+補足語，補足語為todo時，省略to。Ilikehimbecausehemakesmelaugh.13.Thisarticleexplainswhatcolourscandoandwhatcharacteristicstheyrepresent.句中whatcolourscando和whatcharacteristicstheyrepresent并列作explains的賓語。14.I'dratherwearorange.would

rather

do

sth.

than

do

sth.“寧可干……而不干……”I

would

rather

go

tomorrow

than

today.

我寧愿明天去，不愿今天去。

若than前后動詞相同，可省略than后的動詞，只保留與than前面不同的成分。即時自測：根據(jù)所給漢語和句子意思,用英語補全句子。1.Doyouknow_________________________________ (彩虹中有多少顏色)?2.Doyouknow________________________________ (顏色和我們的心情有關(guān)嗎)?3.Theboyoften________________________________(練習(xí)說英語)afterclass. isasking_______________________________(這個運動包是否是棉質(zhì)的). _(我的汽車出了故障)anditneedsrepairingassoonaspossible. 6.Ipromise________________________________(你會成功). 7.Thephotoonthewall______________(使我想起了)thewonderfultripinBeijing.8._________(振作起來)!Ourtroubleswillsoonbeover.9.Peoplewithasthma_________________________.(呼吸困難)10.Don'tbemad,dear,red_______________________you.(你穿紅色好看).四、語法知識賓語從句(Objectiveclauses)賓語從句是指在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)賓語的句子；★賓語從句結(jié)構(gòu)I:主語+謂語動詞+that+賓從(肯定句、否定句)引導(dǎo)賓語從句的that沒有詞義，不充當(dāng)句子成分，在口語或非正式文體中常常被省略。賓語從句可用于主句動詞之后，如：know、think、believe、hope、mean；也可用于主句形容詞之后，如：certain、sure、glad?！镔e語從句結(jié)構(gòu)II:主語+謂語動詞+whether/if+賓從(一般疑問句，陳述語序)whether/if不可省略.我們可用if或whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句，此時從句部分的語義相當(dāng)于一個一般疑問句。連詞if和whether的意思是“是否”，在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，在口語中多用if?！镔e語從句的語序必須是陳述語序，即“連接詞+主語+謂語+其他成分”?！镔e語從句中的人稱代詞要符合邏輯，有時需進行合理變化。即時自測練習(xí)：I.選用that,if或whether填空。(1)Ibelieve__________youcanpasstheexam.(2)Peteriswondering____________hismotherlikesthepinkdress.