2024版高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法：代詞課件北師大版

語(yǔ)法專題突破第2講代詞英語(yǔ)內(nèi)容索引情境導(dǎo)入考點(diǎn)解讀技法圖解情境導(dǎo)入We①studentsshouldgetonwellwitheachother.Butinfact,something②unpleasantcanhappenfromtimetotime.Forexample,yesterdayafternoon,it③wasfine.All④ofuswentouttotheplayground.Somewereplayinggamesandothers⑤wereplayingfootballwhentwoboysofusquarreledandthenfought.Everyoneofuswasconfusedbecausetheywereeververygoodfriendsandnobody⑥couldexactlytellwhattheyfoughtfor.Neither⑦ofthemwantedtogiveintothe

other⑧.Ithoughtit⑨wrongofthemtodoso.用法感悟1.(1)①we是人稱代詞的

格。

(2)③it指

;⑨it為形式

語(yǔ)。

2.(1)④all表示

的“全部”;不定代詞⑦neither表示

。

(2)⑧the

other指

者中的另一個(gè)。

(3)⑤some...others表示

。

(4)②something表示

;⑥nobody表示“沒有人,誰(shuí)也不”,只指

,作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

主

天氣

賓

三者及三者以上

兩者都不

兩

一些……另外一些……

某事/物

人

考點(diǎn)解讀一、人稱代詞、物主代詞和反身代詞

人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)一二三一二三人稱代詞主格Iyouhe,she,itweyouthey人稱代詞賓格meyouhim,her,itusyouthem形容詞性物主代詞myyourhis,her,itsouryourtheir名詞性物主代詞mineyourshis,hers,itsoursyourstheirs反身代詞myselfyourselfhimself,herself,itselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves1.人稱代詞作主語(yǔ)用主格,作賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)用賓格。2.兩個(gè)以上的人稱代詞并列,通常按照“二三一”的人稱順序排列。3.物主代詞分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞兩種。名詞性物主代詞可作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)。二、it的用法1.it的基本用法指天氣、季節(jié)、時(shí)間、距離、環(huán)境等Itisearlyspringnow,butitisalreadyhot.現(xiàn)在是初春,但是天氣已經(jīng)很熱了。代替前面提過的事物、群體、想法、內(nèi)容等或代替指示代詞Althoughhedidn’tlikethemovie,Idecidedtoseeitanyway.盡管他不喜歡這部電影,但我還是決定去看一看。指不知性別的孩子和嬰兒或不明身份的人(由于某種原因而不知對(duì)方是誰(shuí))Thebabyiscrying.Itmightbehungry.嬰兒在哭,可能是餓了。2.it用作形式主語(yǔ)

(1)it作先行詞代替不定式、動(dòng)詞-ing形式、主語(yǔ)從句,作形式主語(yǔ)。(2)用作形式主語(yǔ)的重要句型:①It+be+形容詞/名詞詞組/過去分詞+主語(yǔ)從句②It+be+形容詞(+forsb)+動(dòng)詞不定式(常用形容詞easy,difficult,hard,important,possible,wise等,修飾說(shuō)明不定式)③It+be+形容詞+ofsb+動(dòng)詞不定式(這類形容詞是表示心理品質(zhì)、性格特征的形容詞,如:kind,nice,stupid,clever,foolish,polite,impolite,silly,selfish等,修飾說(shuō)明某人)It

is

hard

for

him

tomakeuphismind.他很難下定決心。It

was

foolish

of

her

tosaysuchathing.她說(shuō)這樣的事,真是太蠢了。3.it作形式賓語(yǔ)

(1)主語(yǔ)+think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep...+it+adj./n.(for/ofsb)+todo/從句(2)主語(yǔ)+think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep...+it+important/necessary/natural/essential+that...(should)...Hedidn’tmakeitclearwhen

and

where

the

meeting

would

be

held.他沒有弄清楚何時(shí)何地舉行會(huì)議。[名師點(diǎn)津]某些及物動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)后不能直接跟從句。此時(shí)須先用it作形式賓語(yǔ),然后接從句,有此用法的動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))有:like,dislike,hate,appreciate,dependon,relyon,counton,seeto等。Youmaydepend

on

it

thatweshallalwayshelpyou.盡管放心,我們會(huì)隨時(shí)幫你的。4.用于某些固定句型中

(1)Itis/wasthefirst/second...time+that從句某人第幾次做某事(從句謂語(yǔ)用完成時(shí)have/has/haddone)(2)Itis/hasbeen+時(shí)間段+since從句自從……過了一段時(shí)間了(從句謂語(yǔ)用過去時(shí))(3)Itwillbe+時(shí)間段+before從句要過一段時(shí)間之后才……(從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái))(4)Itwas+時(shí)間段+before從句過一段時(shí)間后才……(從句謂語(yǔ)用過去時(shí))(5)It’s(about/high)time+that從句某人該做某事了(從句謂語(yǔ)用過去時(shí),有時(shí)也用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”)It

is

the

first

time(that)theseEuropeanshavevisitedtheGreatWall.這是這些歐洲人第一次參觀長(zhǎng)城。It

wasn’tlongbeforehetoldusthisaffair.沒過多久他就告訴了我們這件事情。三、兩組代詞辨析1.both/all/either/any/neither/noneboth(兩者)都neither(兩者)都不either(兩者中)任何一者all(三者或三者以上)都none(三者或三者以上)都不any(三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上)任何一者Thereareshopsoneithersideofthestreet.街道的每一邊都有一些商店。BecauseHenryandMarkhadtowork,neitherofthemcameyesterday.因?yàn)镠enry和Mark要工作,所以昨天兩人都沒來(lái)。2.another/theother/others/theothers

單數(shù)another另外一個(gè)theother兩者中的另一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)others另一些theothers剩余的一些Pleasegivemeanothertenminutes.請(qǐng)?jiān)俳o我十分鐘。Onewashappybutthe

otherwasdisappointed.一個(gè)感到開心,另一個(gè)卻感到失望。小題快練

單句語(yǔ)法填空1.It’sahotspotofwhalestranding(擱淺).Whalesstrand

(they)onbeaches.

2.Mulan’scharacteristics,suchascourage,kindnessandadisinterestedattitudetowardfameandfortune,made

(she)oneofthemostrespectedhistoricalChineseheroines.

themselves

考查反身代詞。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知,此處賓語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)所指相同,即鯨,故賓語(yǔ)用反身代詞。故填themselves。her

考查代詞。在動(dòng)詞made后作賓語(yǔ),應(yīng)用賓格,所以要填her。

3.Researcherssaytheactofbeekeepingmayhelppeoplewithmentalhealthproblemssuchasstress,anxietyanddepression.Manycall

“beekeepingtherapy”.

4.Iwasold,witheredanddry,and

turnedoutthatIwastheonlythinginthegardensthatthekingdisliked.

it

考查代詞。根據(jù)call可知此處要用代詞it作賓語(yǔ),指代上文的the

act

of

beekeeping

may

help

people

with

mental

health

problems。故填it。it

考查代詞。it

turns/turned

out

that...結(jié)果是……,it作形式主語(yǔ),that從句為真正的主語(yǔ)。5.Thiswouldsuggestthateverynewdevelopmentmustbeagood

andsurelythatcannotlogicallybethecase.

one

考查代詞。根據(jù)a

good可知此處要用代詞one,指上文every

new

development同類中任意一個(gè)。故填one。

技法圖解【例1】

Wildanimalssuchasblackbearsandsquirrelsliketostore

(they)pinenutsindifferentplacesastheyprepareforthewinter.