湖南省湘西州吉首市2024屆高三上學期第二屆中小學生教師解題大賽英語試題【含答案解析】

2023年吉首市第二屆中小學教師解題大賽英語試卷注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，用簽字筆或鋼筆將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.本試卷共10頁，全卷滿分150分考試用時120分鐘?？荚嚱Y束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Helptheman. B.Takeabus. C.Getacamera.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,doyouhavetimetohelptakeapictureforus?W:Oh,I’msorry.I’vegottocatchabus.2.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent. B.Nurseandpatient. C.Bossandemployee.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:CouldyoupleaseexplainthehomeworkforMondayagain,MrSmith?M:Certainly.Readthenextchapterandpreparetodiscusswhatyouhaveread.3.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whattimeisitnow?A.10:12. B.10:20. C.10:32.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme.WhichplatformdoesthenexttraintoLondonleavefrom?M:ItleavesfromPlatform2at10:32.W:Sothere’sstilltwelveminutesleft.4.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmostprobablytalkingabout?A.Abook. B.Afilm. C.Anactor.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Ithoughtthatwasboring.Itwastoolong.Andtheactingwasnotverygood.W:Ithadalotofbigstarsinit.M:Yes.Butthestoryitselfwasterrible.5.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Intheclassroom. B.Inthelibrary. C.Inthedormitory.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Haveyouseenmybook?M:Irememberyouhaditinyourhandwhenyoulefttheclassroom.W:Butthenwehadlunchinthecanteenandwenttothelibrary.We’vebeenbackinthedormitoryforhours.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】6.Wherewillthewomango?A.Totheairport. B.Toheroffice. C.Totheschool.7.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Lookforsometoys. B.Meetherboss. C.Takecareofababy.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:Hi!Comein.What’sup?W:Canyoudomeafavour?Ijustgotacallfromtheoffice,andIhavetomeetmybossattheairportrightaway.IsitallrightifIleaveJackwithyou?M:Sure.Noproblem.Isheasleep?W:Yeah,hejustfellasleeptenminutesago.Ifhewakesup,here’shisbottleandsometoys.M:Don’tworry.I’lltakegoodcareofhim.W:Thankssomuchforhelpingout.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】8.WhydoesDianasaysorrytoPeter?A.Shehastogiveuphertravelplan.B.Shewantstovisitanothercity.C.Sheneedstoputoffhertest.9.WhatdoesDianawantPetertodo?A.Helpherwithherstudy.B.Takeabooktoherfriend.C.Teachageographylesson.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】10.HowdoesJoannafeel?A.Tired. B.Happy. C.Anxious.11.WhydoesJoannawanttomakebreakfast?A.Tolookafterhersickmum.B.Topaybackhermum.C.Topractisecooking.12.WhatcanweknowaboutJoanna?A.Shehasgotmarried.B.Shecangetupearlyeveryday.C.Shelovesherfathermorethanhermother.【答案】10.A11.B12.A【解析】【原文】M:Youlooktirednow,Joanna.W:Iknow.Igotupat4amtomakebreakfastformymother.M:Youareagreatdaughter.W:Notreally.Itismymotherwhoiswonderful.Shegavemelifeandbroughtmeupverywell.M:SoyoutrytorepayheronMother’sDay.W:Right.Butshehasgivenmesomuchthatitwilltakehundredsofyearstorepayher.M:MaybeweshouldhaveMother’sDayeverydayinsteadofjustonceayear.W:It’sagoodidea,Jeff.ButIcan’tgetupsoearlytomakebreakfastforhereveryday.M:Weshouldtellourmomshowmuchwelovethemmoreoften.W:Iagree!Iwilltellmyhusbandyourgreatidea.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】13.Whatistheman?A.Ateacher. B.Ahost. C.Adoctor.14.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Howtosavemoney.B.Howtospendmoney.C.Howtobeagoodhousewife.15.Wheredoesthewomanlikeshopping?A.Insupermarkets. B.Indepartmentstores. C.Inoutdoormarkets.16.Whatdoesthewomanhighlyrecommend?A.Fixingthingsbyourselves.B.Hiringsomeonetorepairthings.C.Askingfriendstohelpwiththerepairs.【答案】13.B14.A15.C16.A【解析】【原文】M:Goodevening,everybody.Todaywearegoingtotalkaboutsavingmoney.Manyofushavetosavemoney,butdifferentpeoplesavemoneyindifferentways.NowwearegoingtotalktoKathytoseewhatshedoes.Hi,Kathy,doyoutrytosavemoney?W:Sure.I’mahousewife,soIhavetosavemoneyasmuchaspossible.M:Andhowdoyousave?Canyoutellussomethingaboutit?W:Well,Itrynottoshopindepartmentstoresorsupermarketsexceptwhenthingsareonsale.Ineverpayfullprice.Ireallylikeshoppinginoutdoormarkets,andIcanusuallyfindsomerealbargainsthere.M:Great!That’sagoodidea.W:AndalsomyhusbandandIdon’townacar.Ifweneedoneforaweekend,wejustrentone.Wecan’treallyaffordtobuyausedone.M:Isee.W:Andthebestwaytosavemoneyisnottopaypeopletofixthingsforyou.M:Sorry,Ican’tunderstandthat.Whatdoyoumean,Kathy?W:Well,myhusbandoftentriestorepairthingsaroundthehouse.Wecansavealotofmoneythatway.M:Well,thankyouverymuch,Kathy.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whichschoolistheuniversitymostfamousfor?A.SocialScience. B.Medicine. C.Law.18.Whowillsaysomethingmoreaboutthecourses?A.Thevisitors. B.Thereceptionists. C.Thelecturers.19.Whatisrequiredfordegreecourses?A.Informallectures. B.Onegroupdiscussion. C.Alongessay.20.Whoisthespeechmostprobablyintendedfor?A.Studentsathighschool.B.Teachersatuniversity.C.Teachersathighschool.【答案】17.B18.C19.C20.A【解析】【原文】W:Welcometovisittheuniversity.Itcoversanareaofsixhundredacres.Therearefourschools,includingScienceandTechnology,SocialScience,LawandMedicine.Andouruniversityisbestknownforthelastschool.Nowyoucanpickupabrochureanddecidewhichtouryouwanttogoon,accordingtoyoursubjectofinterest.Yourtourwillbeginwithatalkbyoneofthelecturers,whowilltellyoumoreaboutthecourses.Allourcoursesconsistofamixtureofformallecturesandatleasttwogroupdiscussionsoftwoorthreestudentsperterm.Youcanchoosegroupdiscussionsaccordingtoyourownschedule.Alldegreecoursesrequirestudentstowritealongessayofatleastsixthousandwordsonaparticularsubjectintheirlastyear.Besidesopendaysforyou,wehaveseparateopendaysforgraduateswhowanttogoontotakeacourseaftertheirgraduation.Yourapplicationtoouruniversityisalwayswelcome.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AThebestliteraryfestivals2023acrosstheUKtobooknowKiteFestival9-11JuneNewlastyear,thisliteraryfestivalheldinthegroundsofspectacularstatelyhomeKirtlingtonParkinOxfordshireisthefirstofitskind,combiningmusicandbreakthroughideastocreateauniqueprogrammefeaturingliveperformancesandinteractivediscussions.OvertheKiteFestivalweekend,you’llfindaward-winningauthorssharingtheirinsightsoncraftingstoriesandelectronicpoplegendsheadliningontheSaturdaynight.Primadonna28-30JulyHeldattheMuseumofEastAnglianLifeinSuffolk,Primadonnapridesitselfoncreatingaspaceforworksbywomenandthosewhosevoicesmightnototherwisebeheard.Thereareinsightfulworkshopscoveringeverything,includingsessionsonhowtogetyourfootinthedoorofthepublishingworld.Thefamily-friendlyeventalsohasplentytokeepkidsoccupied,fromcraftactivitiestoentertainingtalksfrombig-namewriters.Queen’sParkBookFestival2-3SeptemberQueen’sParkBookFestivalistheonlyoneinthecapitaltobeheldinapublicpark,makingitalow-keyaffairthatfeelsmorelikeagardenpartythanafull-blownfestival.Alongsidewriters’discussionsontheirlatestworks,you’llfindperformancepoetryeventshostedbyhip-hopversemaestroPoetcuriousandnightlypartiesoncethesunsets.HenleyLiteraryFestival30September-8OctoberHenleyishometoanimpressiveliteraryfestival,whichtakesplacesoveraweekinOctoberatvariousvenuesthroughoutthetown,includingthegrandriversideprivatemembers’clubPhyllisCourtandthehistorictownhall.Alongsidemaineventsfeaturingfamouswriters,there’salsoahugelypopularchildren’sfestival,wherelittlebookwormsgetthechancetocomeface-to-facewiththeirfavouriteauthors.21.Whichfestivalpromotesless-readwriters?A.KiteFestival. B.Primadonna.CQueen’sParkBookFestival. D.HenleyLiteraryFestival.22.Wherecanvisitorsenjoyperformances?A.KiteFestival&Primadonna.B.Primadonna&HenleyLiteraryFestival.C.KiteFestival&Queen’sParkBookFestival.D.Queen’sParkBookFestival&HenleyLiteraryFestival.23.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroduceaspecialbookfestival.B.Topromotelocalactivitiesforfamilies.C.Toinformreadersofsomeliteraryevents.D.Toprovideintroductionsaboutfamousauthors.【答案】21.B22.C23.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文，主要介紹的是2023年英國最好的文學節(jié)的相關信息?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Primadonna部分的“HeldattheMuseumofEastAnglianLifeinSuffolk,Primadonnapridesitselfoncreatingaspaceforworksbywomenandthosewhosevoicesmightnototherwisebeheard.(Primadonna在Suffolk的MuseumofEastAnglianLife舉辦，它為自己創(chuàng)造了一個空間，展示女性和那些原本可能聽不到他們聲音的人的作品。)”可知，Primadonna會推廣被較少閱讀的作家，故選B?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KiteFestival部分的“Newlastyear,thisliteraryfestivalheldinthegroundsofspectacularstatelyhomeKirtlingtonParkinOxfordshireisthefirstofitskind,combiningmusicandbreakthroughideastocreateauniqueprogrammefeaturingliveperformancesandinteractivediscussions.(去年，這個文學節(jié)在牛津郡壯觀的富麗堂皇的柯特靈頓公園舉行，這是第一個這樣的文學節(jié)，將音樂和突破性的想法結合起來，創(chuàng)造了一個獨特的節(jié)目，包括現(xiàn)場表演和互動討論。)”和Queen’sParkBookFestival部分的“Alongsidewriters’discussionsontheirlatestworks,you’llfindperformancepoetryeventshostedbyhip-hopversemaestroPoetcuriousandnightlypartiesoncethesunsets.(除了作家們對他們最新作品的討論，你還會發(fā)現(xiàn)嘻哈詩歌大師Poetcurious舉辦的表演詩歌活動和日落后的夜間派對。)”可知，游客在KiteFestival和Queen’sParkBookFestival中可以欣賞表演。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)標題“Thebestliteraryfestivals2023acrosstheUKtobooknow(2023年英國最好的文學節(jié)現(xiàn)在開始預訂)”可知，本文主要介紹的是2023年英國最好的文學節(jié)的相關信息，因此目的是告知讀者一些文學事件。故選C。BOnatramsmoothlypullingintotheheartofLuxembourgCity,Marckgivesasmileandtakesalookatthefabricoftheseatnexttohim.Forhim,thecity’stramsaremorethanjusttransport.Moreeventhanthefocusofhisjob.Theyareabouttransforminghiscountryand,perhaps,changingtheworld.MarckisthedirectorgeneralofLuxtram,Luxembourg’smoderntrams.Itfirststartedrunningservicestwoyearsago.Nextyear,Luxembourgwillbecometheworld’sonlycountrytogetridoffaresonallitsformsofpublictransport.Luxembourg’strafficproblemscomefromitsarmyofworkers.Thepopulationofthecapitalcityalmostdoublesduringtheworkingday,whenmorethan110,000peopletravelinandout.Afterthreedecadeswhenitsroadshavebecomesocrowded,Luxembourgisgoingtodosomethingremarkable.Freefares,andaplantopersuadepeopletoswitchfromcarstotramsortrains.Marck,alongwithmanyothers,isexcitedtoseewhathappensnext.“Thefactthatthisisfreemeansthateveryonecanuseit—youngorold,richorpoor,”hesaid.“Everyonecansaytothemselvesit’sbettertoleavethecarathome.Wemustcontinuetoimproveandextendthenetwork.Itmustalwaysbecomfortable,well-connected,efficient.”LydiePolfer,thecity’smayor,saysshehopestoreachthepointwheremorethanathirdofpeoplecomeintothecityusingpublictransport—atthemoment,it’slessthanoneinfive.Shesaid,“It’snotpracticaltobancarsbecausesomepeople,liketheelderly,needthem.Buteveryonehastobeawarethatheorshecandosomethingtoimprovethesituation.ThereisanexpressioninGerman—youarenotinthetrafficjam—youarethetrafficjam,andthatistrue.Ithinkthatmakingitfreewillbethebiggestargumentsforpeopletousepublictransport.”24.WhydoesMarckthinkthecity’stramsaremorethanjusttransport?A.Thetramsarehisgoalthathestrivesfor.B.Therearemoremeansoftransportationthantrams.C.City’stramsbringmorechangesbeyondtransport.D.ThetramsaretheheartofLuxembourgCitytransportsystem.25.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Thecauseofthetrafficproblems. B.Themeansofpublictransport.C.Thedevelopmentofrunningservices. D.Theincreaseofworkingpopulation.26.Whatconcernspeoplemostwhenusingthepublictransport?A.Theconvenience. B.Thefare. C.Thecomfort. D.Theefficiency.27.WhatcanbeinferredfromwhatLydiePolfersaid?A.Theelderlyneedn’tusepublictransport.B.It’spossibletopersuademostpeopletousethetrams.C.Everyonecandohisparttoimprovetransportsituation.D.Thosewhodon’ttakepublictransportcausetrafficjams.【答案】24.C25.A26.B27.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。明年，盧森堡將成為世界上唯一一個對所有形式的公共交通免收車費的國家。文章解釋了這一舉措背后的原因以及意義?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Forhim,thecity’stramsaremorethanjusttransport.Moreeventhanthefocusofhisjob.Theyareabouttransforminghiscountryand,perhaps,changingtheworld.(對他來說，這座城市的有軌電車不僅僅是交通工具。甚至超過了他工作的重心。它們改變他的國家，也許改變世界)”可知，Marck認為城市的有軌電車不僅僅是交通工具，也帶來了超越交通的更多地改變。故選C。25題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Luxembourg’strafficproblemscomefromitsarmyofworkers.Thepopulationofthecapitalcityalmostdoublesduringtheworkingday,whenmorethan110,000peopletravelinandout.(盧森堡的交通問題來自于它的工人大軍。首都的人口在工作日幾乎翻倍，每天有超過11萬人進出)”可知，第二段主要講了交通問題的原因。故選A。【26題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Ithinkthatmakingitfreewillbethebiggestargumentsforpeopletousepublictransport.(我認為免費使用它將是人們使用公共交通工具的最大理由。)”可知，人們在使用公共交通工具時最關心的是車費。故選B。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段LydiePolfer說的“Buteveryonehastobeawarethatheorshecandosomethingtoimprovethesituation.ThereisanexpressioninGerman—youarenotinthetrafficjam—youarethetrafficjam,andthatistrue.(但每個人都必須意識到，他或她可以做些什么來改善這種情況。德語中有句話——你不在交通堵塞中——你就是交通堵塞，這是真的)”可推知，LydiePolfer認為每個人都可以盡自己的一份力量來改善交通狀況。故選C。CTaylorSwift,USsinger-songwriterknownforhitssuchasShakeItOffandYouBelongWithMe,hasearnedanewpraise-shenowhasanewspeciesofmillipede(千足蟲)namedinherhonor.ThemillipedeNannariaswiftaejoins16othernewspeciesdescribedfromtheAppalachianMountainsoftheUnitedStates.Theyhaveavaluablerole,fortheybreakdownleaflitterandreleasetheirnutrientsintotheecosystem.Theyliveontheforestfloor,wheretheyfeedonrottenleavesandotherplantmatter,andinfact,theyaresomewhattrickytocatch,becausetheytendtoremainburiedinthesoil,sometimesstayingcompletelybeneaththesurface.Becauseoftheirpresenceinmuseumcollections,scientistslongsuspectedthatthemillipedesincludedmanynewspecies,butthesespecimens(標本)wentundescribedfordecades.Tofixthis,theresearchersbeganamulti-yearprojecttocollectnewspecimensthroughouttheeasternUS.Theytraveledto17USstates,checkingunderleaflitter,rocks,andlogstofindspeciessothattheycouldsequence(測定序列)theirDNAandscientificallydescribethem.Lookingatover1,800specimenscollectedontheirfieldstudyortakenfromuniversityandmuseumcollections,theauthorsdescribed17newspecies,includingNannariamarianae,whichwasnamedafterHennen’swife.Theydiscoveredthatthemillipedesprefertoliveinforestedhabitatsnearstreamsandareoftenfoundburiedunderthesoil,exhibitingmoremysteriousbehaviorsthantheirrelatives.Theleadauthorofthestudy,DerekHennen,afanofTaylorSwiftsays,“Hermusichelpedmegetthroughthehighsandlowsofgraduateschool,sonaminganewmillipedespeciesafterherismywayofsayingthanks.”28.Whyisittoughtoseizethemillipede?A.It’sflexible. B.Ithideswell. C.Itfeedsonleaves. D.Itlookslikelitter.29.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthethirdparagraph?A.Toshowscientists’toughwork. B.Toblameresearchers’carelessness.C.Toillustratemillipedes’importance. D.Toemphasizeinventioninscientificstudies.30.Inwhichaspectdoesthemillipededifferfromitsrelatives?A.Habitat. B.Diet. C.Nutrition. D.Mystery.31.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TaylorSwiftIsaFamousSinger-Songwriter. B.ScientistsConductResearchontheMillipede.C.ResearchontheMillipedeAmazedScientists. D.MillipedeSpeciesNamedafterTaylorSwift.【答案】28.B29.A30.A31.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了對于一種千足蟲新物種的研究，并且以美國歌手泰勒·斯威夫特的名字來命名?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theyliveontheforestfloor,wheretheyfeedonrottenleavesandotherplantmatter,andinfact,theyaresomewhattrickytocatch,becausetheytendtoremainburiedinthesoil,sometimesstayingcompletelybeneaththesurface.(它們生活在森林的地面上，以腐爛的葉子和其他植物為食，事實上，它們有點難以捕捉，因為它們往往埋在土壤中，有時完全停留在地表以下。)”可知，它們隱藏得好是難以捕捉的原因。故選B。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Becauseoftheirpresenceinmuseumcollections,scientistslongsuspectedthatthemillipedesincludedmanynewspecies,butthesespecimens(標本)wentundescribedfordecades.Tofixthis,theresearchersbeganamulti-yearprojecttocollectnewspecimensthroughouttheeasternUS.Theytraveledto17USstates,checkingunderleaflitter,rocks,andlogstofindspeciessothattheycouldsequence(測定序列)theirDNAandscientificallydescribethem.(由于千足蟲在博物館藏品中的存在，科學家們一直懷疑千足蟲包括許多新物種，但這些標本幾十年來都沒有被描述。為了解決這一問題，研究人員開始了一項為期多年的項目，在美國東部各地收集新的標本。他們前往美國17個州，在落葉、巖石和原木底下尋找新的千足蟲物種，以便對它們的DNA進行測序并對其進行科學描述。)”可推斷，作者在本段主要想說明科學家的艱苦工作。故選A?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Theydiscoveredthatthemillipedesprefertoliveinforestedhabitatsnearstreamsandareoftenfoundburiedunderthesoil,exhibitingmoremysteriousbehaviorsthantheirrelatives.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)千足蟲喜歡生活在靠近溪流的森林棲息地，經(jīng)常被發(fā)現(xiàn)埋在土壤下，表現(xiàn)出比它們的親戚更神秘的行為。)”知，這種千足蟲與其親緣物種的差異之處表現(xiàn)在其棲息地。故選A。【31題詳解】主旨大意題。第一段提到“TaylorSwift,USsinger-songwriterknownforhitssuchasShakeItOffandYouBelongWithMe,hasearnedanewpraise-shenowhasanewspeciesofmillipedenamedinherhonor.(以《ShakeItOff》和《YouBelongWithMe》等熱門歌曲聞名的美國創(chuàng)作型歌手泰勒·斯威夫特獲得了新的贊譽——一種新的千足蟲以她的名字命名。)”，文章接下來就此展開，主要介紹了一種以泰勒·斯威夫特的名字命名的千足蟲新物種。因此，D項“MillipedeSpeciesNamedafterTaylorSwift.(以泰勒·斯威夫特命名的千足蟲。)”作文章標題最佳。故選D。DSomeexpertshavebeenconcernedlatelyaboutrobotsleavinghumansbehind,takingourjobsandpossiblyalotmore,asinsci-fifilms.ChristofKoch,afamousneuroscientist(神經(jīng)學家),hassuggestedanovelmethod.Tokeepupwiththemachines,weshouldincreaseourbrainpowerwithbrainimplants(植入物).Kochnotesthatbrainimplantsarealreadyhelpingtheparalyzedorpeopleunabletomovecontrolcomputersandrobots,andtheyarebeingexploredforthetreatmentofmentaldisorders.Futureimplantscouldhelpusdownloadhugeamountsofinformationinstantly,hesays,sowecanlearn“novelskillsandfactswithouteventrying”.“Anotherexcitingaspect,”Kochsays,“iscombiningtwoormorebrainsintoasingleconsciousmindbydirectneuron-to-neuronlinks.”Kochcallsfora“crashprogram”inbraintechnologiestomakeussmarter.ButKochignorestheobviousfactsthatbadpersonscanhack(侵入)intooursmartphonesandlaptops.Whatifhackerscouldattackourbrains?Theymaybeabletospyon,changeorcontrolthememoriesofpeopleimplantedwithbraindevices.What’smore,wearenowhereclosetobeingabletostrengthenthebraininthemannerthatKochimagines.Scientistshavebeenexperimentingwithneuro-technologiesformentalillnessformorethanhalfacentury,andtheyhavelittletoshowforit.Kochgenuinelyfearedthatscience,farfromaddressingourproblems,mightexacerbatethem.Theuseofrobotsintheworkshop,forexample,couldcausemassunemployment.Dowejustcounttheimmediatejoblosses—withoutmeasuringanyotherpotentialpositiveeffectontheeconomy?Despitelosingsomejobstorobotsintheshortterm,theincreaseinproductivitywillhelpouroveralleconomygrowfaster,which,inturn,willcreatemore,higherqualityjobsthanwehadbefore.Thefutureisnotasscaryaswethink.Perhapswe’vegotseriousproblemsonourhands,andwehavealotofworktodotosettlethem.Brainimplantsarenottheanswer.32.WhatleadstoKoch’soptimismaboutfuturebrainimplants?A.ThegreatadvanceinAIresearch.B.Theirapplicationinmedicalfields.C.Thebreakthroughinsurgicaltechniques.D.Theireasyadaptationtothehumanbody.33.HowdoestheauthorfeelaboutKoch’s“crashprogram”inbraintechnologies?A.Disapproving. B.Unconcerned. C.Favorable. D.Excited.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exacerbate”inparagraph4mean?A.Avoid. B.Worsen. C.Reduce. D.Answer.35.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.AreBrainImplantsatRiskofHackerAttack?B.WillRobotsTakethePlaceofHumansinFuture?C.WillBrainImplantsLettheDisabledLiveNormally?D.DoWeNeedBrainImplantstoKeepUpwithRobots?【答案】32.B33.A34.B35.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了大腦植入是否能夠幫助我們解決技術所帶來的問題——機器人會把人類拋在后面，搶走我們的工作，甚至一切?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Kochnotesthatbrainimplantsarealreadyhelpingtheparalyzedorpeopleunabletomovecontrolcomputersandrobots,andtheyarebeingexploredforthetreatmentofmentaldisorders.Futureimplantscouldhelpusdownloadhugeamountsofinformationinstantly,hesays,sowecanlearn“novelskillsandfactswithouteventrying”.(科赫指出，大腦植入物已經(jīng)在幫助癱瘓或無法移動的人控制電腦和機器人，并且正在探索用于治療精神障礙。他說，未來的植入物可以幫助我們立即下載大量信息，這樣我們就可以“毫不費力地學習新的技能和事實”)”可知，科赫認為目前大腦植入物已經(jīng)在幫助癱瘓或無法移動的人控制電腦和機器人，并且正在探索用于治療精神障礙。所以他對于未來的大腦植入物能夠幫助我們毫不費力地學習新技能和事實抱有樂觀的態(tài)度。故選B。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ButKochignorestheobviousfactsthatbadpersonscanhack(侵入)intooursmartphonesandlaptops.Whatifhackerscouldattackourbrains?Theymaybeabletospyon,changeorcontrolthememoriesofpeopleimplantedwithbraindevices.What’smore,wearenowhereclosetobeingabletostrengthenthebraininthemannerthatKochimagines.(但科赫忽略了一個顯而易見的事實：壞人可以侵入我們的智能手機和筆記本電腦。如果黑客可以攻擊我們的大腦呢？他們或許能夠監(jiān)視、改變或控制植入大腦設備的人的記憶。更重要的是，我們離能夠以科赫想象的方式增強大腦還差得很遠)”可知，作者對于科赫的想法是不贊同的。故選A。【34題詳解】詞義辨析題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下一句“Theuseofrobotsintheworkshop,forexample,couldcausemassunemployment.(例如，在車間使用機器人可能會導致大規(guī)模失業(yè))”可知，在車間使用機器人會導致大規(guī)模失業(yè)，也就是說在車間使用機器人只可能加劇問題而不是解決問題。所以劃線單詞和“加劇”意思相似。選項A“Avoid(避免)”；選項B“Worsen(惡化)”；選項C“Reduce(減少)”；選項D“Answer(回答)”。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ChristofKoch,afamousneuroscientist(神經(jīng)學家),hassuggestedanovelmethod.Tokeepupwiththemachines,weshouldincreaseourbrainpowerwithbrainimplants(植入物).(著名的神經(jīng)學家克里斯特·科赫提出了一種新方法。為了跟上機器的步伐，我們應該通過植入大腦來提高我們的智力)”、第二段“Kochnotesthatbrainimplantsarealreadyhelpingtheparalyzedorpeopleunabletomovecontrolcomputersandrobots,andtheyarebeingexploredforthetreatmentofmentaldisorders.(科赫指出，大腦植入物已經(jīng)在幫助癱瘓或無法移動的人控制電腦和機器人，并且正在探索用于治療精神障礙)”、第三段“ButKochignorestheobviousfactsthatbadpersonscanhack(侵入)intooursmartphonesandlaptops.(但科赫忽略了一個顯而易見的事實:壞人可以侵入我們的智能手機和筆記本電腦)”以及全文內容可知，文章主要討論了我們是否需要大腦植入物來跟上機器人。所以“DoWeNeedBrainImplantstoKeepUpwithRobots?(我們需要大腦植入物來跟上機器人嗎?)”作為文章標題最為合適。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Nowadays,peopleareoftenverybusy,workinghardalmostdayandnight.Forabetterlife,manypeoplethinkit’sworthit.____36____Undoubtedly,peopleneedsparetimetobefreeanddofunthings,likewintercamping.Mostpeoplearetalkingespeciallyaboutsnowcampingwhentheymentionwintercamping.____37____Inareaswithsnow,camperscangoskiing,climbing,oriceskating.Andsomepeopleenjoycreatingfunthingsfromsnow,orjusthorsingaroundinthesnow.Andacampingtripoftenrequireshiking,althoughcampersgenerallytravellessfarthantheydointhesummer.Therearemanywell-knownplacessuitableforcamping.Throughouttheyear,theseplacesusuallyattractmorecampersinthesummer.So,itcanbemorecrowdedinthisseason.Camperswhodon’tlikeacrowdedplacecaninsteadchoosetogocampingthereinthewinter.____38____Butcolderweathermeansmorepreparation.Wintercampersshouldbesurethattheyhaveclotheswhichcankeepthemwarm.____39____Besides,campersneedtobringgoodtentsandenoughfood.Othercampingtoolslikecookstovesarealsonecessary.Whilewintercampingcanbequitefun,thecolderweathercanmakeacampingtripmoredangerous.____40____Wintercampersshouldalwayscheckonweatherreportsbeforetheyleave.Asmallweatherradioisanexcellenttooltobringalong.Andit’swisetotakeaguidedwintercampingtripfortheirfirstcampingexperience.A.Beingbusybringssuccess.B.Itcangivethemmorepeace.C.Andchoosetogowithmanyfriends.D.Wintercampersalsoneedsleepingbags.E.Butnotenoughrelaxationmaybebadforhealth.F.Soit’simportanttofullyprepareforwintercamping.G.Likesummercampingwintercampingoffersmanyactivities.【答案】36.E37.G38.B39.D40.F【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了冬季露營的一些活動以及需要準備的東西?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Nowadays,peopleareoftenverybusy,workinghardalmostdayandnight.Forabetterlife,manypeoplethinkit’sworthit.(現(xiàn)在，人們經(jīng)常很忙，幾乎沒日沒夜地努力工作。為了更好的生活，很多人覺得值得。)”以及下文的“Undoubtedly,peopleneedsparetimetobefreeanddofunthings,likewintercamping.(毫無疑問，人們需要空閑時間來做一些有趣的事情，比如冬季露營。)”可知，前文將人們經(jīng)常沒日沒夜的工作，而后文則說人們需要空閑時間來放松，因此可知，空處與前文是轉折關系，引出下文內容，故E項“Butnotenoughrelaxationmaybebadforhealth.(但是沒有足夠的放松可能對健康有害。)”符合語意。故選E項。37題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Inareaswithsnow,camperscangoskiing,climbing,oriceskating.(在有雪的地區(qū)，露營者可以去滑雪、爬山或滑冰。)”可知，此處講述的是冬季露營可以進行的活動，因此空處作為開頭句，要引出空處后的內容，故G項“Likesummercamping,wintercampingoffersmanyactivities.(像夏季露營一樣，冬季露營提供許多活動.)”引出下文的冬季露營的各種活動，符合語意。故選G項。【38題詳解】根據(jù)前文“So,itcanbemorecrowdedinthisseason.Camperswhodon’tlikeacrowdedplacecaninsteadchoosetogocampingthereinthewinter.(所以，在這個季節(jié)會更擁擠。不喜歡擁擠的地方的露營者可以選擇在冬天去那里露營。)”可知，夏季露營人多，會很擁擠，因此冬季露營是好選擇，沒那么擁擠，故B項“Itcangivethemmorepeace.(這能給他們更多的安寧。)”是對上文內容的總結。故選B項?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Wintercampersshouldbesurethattheyhaveclotheswhichcankeepthemwarm.(冬令營員應該確保他們有保暖的衣服。)”可知，此處講的是去冬季露營要做好準備，首先就是保暖工作做好，因此D項“Wintercampersalsoneedsleepingbags.(冬季露營者也需要睡袋。)”是對前文內容的延伸，符合語意。故選D項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Whilewintercampingcanbequitefun,thecolderweathercanmakeacampingtripmoredangerous.(雖然冬季露營很有趣，但是寒冷的天氣會讓露營變得更加危險。)”可知，此處講述冬季露營也具有危險性，因此需要做好充分準備，故F項“Soit’simportanttofullyprepareforwintercamping.(所以充分準備冬季露營很重要。)”與前文是因果關系，符合語意。故選F項。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Fiveyearsago,Iwasatrailrideleaderataho