中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)題型突破課件：選擇型閱讀理解

選擇型閱讀理解分析安徽近10年中考真題可知，選擇型閱讀理解呈現(xiàn)以下特點(diǎn)：1．文體：說明文(10年20考)、記敘文(10年13考)、應(yīng)用文(10年10考)、詩歌(2017年B篇)；2．話題：(1)說明文：說明介紹(10年16考)(2022年D篇)、中西文化(10年5考)(2023年C篇)、慈善公益(2023年A篇)、環(huán)境保護(hù)(2022年E篇)；(2)記敘文：慈善公益(10年5考)、教育引導(dǎo)(10年3考)、外國名人(10年3考)和生活故事(2021年C篇，2015年A篇)；(3)應(yīng)用文：網(wǎng)站調(diào)研、旅游景點(diǎn)、傳統(tǒng)文化、詩歌、機(jī)器人、學(xué)校生活等；(4)安徽中考2023年閱讀理解考查內(nèi)容較為豐富，內(nèi)容涉及公益活動(A篇)，中國文化(C篇)，健康科普(D篇)，說明介紹(B篇)以及記敘文(E篇)；3．生詞出現(xiàn)率1%～2%。技巧1細(xì)節(jié)理解(必考：每年8－16道)細(xì)節(jié)理解題在閱讀理解中占的比例相當(dāng)大。該題型主要針對原文中的具體信息發(fā)問，考查考生對閱讀材料中的某一特定細(xì)節(jié)、某個事實(shí)或個別詞句的理解。細(xì)節(jié)理解題命題形式多樣，考查內(nèi)容涉及多個角度。方法一直接搜尋答案這類試題的答案幾乎可以在原文中直接找到，不需要考生對事實(shí)作出解釋或者判斷，只需要從閱讀材料中直接獲取信息即可(有時需要跨段落查找細(xì)節(jié)信息)。這類題比較簡單，通常是原文再現(xiàn)：(1)題干中的關(guān)鍵信息點(diǎn)在文中有直接具體的再現(xiàn)；(2)選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵信息點(diǎn)在文中有直接具體的再現(xiàn)。【典例剖析1】[2023安徽A篇節(jié)選]Thereareabout8，000millionpeoplelivingonourplanet,butsomeofthemdon'thaveenoughfood.Lastyear,morethan820millionpeoplesuffered(遭受)fromhunger.That'ssad.What'smore,itshouldn'tbeaproblemsincetheworldwastesabout930milliontonsoffoodeachyear.56．Howmanypeoplesufferedfromhungerlastyear?A．Over820million. B．About930million.C．Over7，180million. D．About8，000million.【答案】

A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Lastyear,morethan820millionpeoplesuffered(遭受)fromhunger.”可知，去年，超過8.2億人遭受饑餓，故選A?！酒饰觥?/p>

方法二間接搜尋答案為了更好地考查考生的綜合思維能力，命題人往往會對具體信息進(jìn)行處理，增加細(xì)節(jié)理解題的難度，這就需要考生綜合多處信息進(jìn)行理解。解答這類間接細(xì)節(jié)理解試題時，雖然各細(xì)節(jié)信息在文章中都能找到，但需要考生具備一定的概括能力。一個細(xì)節(jié)理解題涉及一段或者幾段內(nèi)容，考生需要進(jìn)行概括后才能作答。【典例剖析2】[2023安徽B篇節(jié)選]Tenyearsago,J．B.Gilldecidedtomakeachange.Hemovedfromthecitytostarthisownfarm.Asoneofthemembersofapopgroup,Gillhadlivedabusylifebutthefarmgavehimawaytorelax.59．WhatdidGilldecidetodotenyearsago?A．Liveabusylife. B．Starthisownfarm.C．Movetothecity. D．Formapopgroup.【答案】

B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Tenyearsago,J．B.Gilldecidedtomakeachange.Hemovedfromthecitytostarthisownfarm.”可知，10年前，他決定建立自己的農(nóng)場。故選B?！酒饰觥?/p>

技巧2推理判斷(必考：每年2－7道)推理判斷題不能直接從文中得出答案，需要考生在理解原文的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行推理、分析和判斷，從而得出結(jié)論。推理判斷題主要分為：推斷文章細(xì)節(jié)、推斷文章出處、推斷文章續(xù)寫內(nèi)容和寫作意圖。針對不同的設(shè)題方式，要運(yùn)用不同的解題方法。方法一推斷文章細(xì)節(jié)1．常見設(shè)問方式①Whatcanweinfer/know/learnfrom...?②WhichofthefollowingisTRUE...?③Wecaninfer/learnfrom...that________．④Whatcanwelearnabout...?⑤Whichofthefollowingbestdescribes...？(2021.66)⑥Whatdoesthewritermean...?⑦Whatdoyouthinkof...?2．常用方法細(xì)節(jié)推斷題要求考生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容推斷具體細(xì)節(jié)，如時間、地點(diǎn)、人物關(guān)系、人物身份、事件等?？忌勺裱韵陆忸}方法：(1)先跳讀，找到相關(guān)信息點(diǎn)；(2)接著細(xì)讀，理解相關(guān)信息點(diǎn)的字面意思；(3)再分析推理，在理解字面意義的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行符合邏輯的推斷，理解作者的言外之意，切勿把文章中非關(guān)鍵的細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容作為推理的依據(jù)；(4)最后結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，找到與文章信息點(diǎn)所表達(dá)的意思相近的選項(xiàng)。考生只有正確把握文章的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，理解文章的真正含義，才能作出準(zhǔn)確的推斷。【典例剖析3】[2023安徽B篇節(jié)選]Gillsaysthatifhehadhisownpairofmagicalwellies,hewouldlovetospeaktowildlife,especiallythewilddeer(鹿)thatsometimesappearnearhisfarm.Astheyhavenoowners,Gillfeelslikehe'ssharingtheirhome.“It'sreallyinterestingtohearwhatthey'rethinkingandknowwherethey'reat，”hesaid.61．WhatcanwelearnaboutGillfromparagraph3?A．Hecaresaboutwildlife. B．Hedevelopsmanyinterests.C．Hewasbornwithmagic. D．Heistheownerofthedeer.【答案】

A推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Gillsaysthatifhehadhisownpairofmagicalwellies,hewouldlovetospeaktowildlife”和“It'sreallyinterestingtohearwhatthey'rethinking...”可知，如果他有魔法靴，他想與野生動物對話，由此得知，A項(xiàng)“他關(guān)心野生動物?！闭_。故選A?！酒饰觥?/p>

方法二推斷文章出處1．常見設(shè)問方式①Inwhichpartofamagazinecanwereadthetext?②Wheredoesthetext/passageprobablycomefrom?③Whichpartofanewspapercanthispassagebetakenfrom?④Whereisthepassageprobablyfrom?⑤Thesetextsareprobablyfrom...2．常用方法此類試題要求考生從文章的內(nèi)容或結(jié)構(gòu)來推斷出處，也可根據(jù)各種文體的特征來推斷出處。(1)根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容進(jìn)行判斷。如：介紹某產(chǎn)品性能的文章可能來自廣告；介紹科學(xué)知識的文章可能選自科學(xué)雜志；介紹新型交通工具的文章可能來自報(bào)紙上有關(guān)科技的版塊；介紹某處名勝或景點(diǎn)的文章可能出自旅游雜志等。

(2)根據(jù)文章的關(guān)鍵信息進(jìn)行判斷。如：含有網(wǎng)址的文章可能出自網(wǎng)站；含有experiment，research等詞的文章可能來自科學(xué)報(bào)告；含有admission，cost，openinghours等詞或短語的文章可能來自旅行指南；含有food，health等詞的文章可能來自雜志或報(bào)紙的健康版塊。Website網(wǎng)頁：文中會出現(xiàn)網(wǎng)頁的特征，如：click點(diǎn)擊；log登錄等。還有網(wǎng)頁上可能出現(xiàn)的符號。Newspaper報(bào)紙：時效性強(qiáng)。前面可能會出現(xiàn)日期、地點(diǎn)、通訊社名稱等。Advertisement廣告：含有產(chǎn)品信息，包括價格、用途、打折信息等。Instructions說明書：介紹產(chǎn)品的名稱、用途、操作方式等?！镜淅饰?】[2023安徽D篇節(jié)選]Whatmakesyoufallasleep?Themaincauseisyourbodyclock,atime-keeperinsideyourbody.Buthowtocontrolanduseyourbodyclock?Scientistssuggestedhavingashowerbeforebed.Jumpingintotheshoweraroundanhourbeforebedcouldmeanyousleepbetter.69．Inwhichpartofanewspapercanyoufindthetext?A．Art. B．Weather.C．History. D．Health.【答案】

D文章出處題。通讀全文，本文主要介紹了在睡覺前一小時左右洗一個熱水澡能幫助人們睡覺，與健康有關(guān)，故選D?！酒饰觥?/p>

方法三推斷文章續(xù)寫內(nèi)容和寫作意圖1．常見設(shè)問方式①What'sthepurposeofthetext?②Whatwillthewritertalkaboutinthe...paragraph？(2020.72)③Whatdoesthestorytellus?④Whatdoesthewriterhopefor？(2022.52)⑤Whatistheendingofthestory？(2021.65)2．常用方法此類試題要求考生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容推斷作者寫該文章的目的。解題時，要重視首段提綱挈領(lǐng)的作用。具體有兩種方法：(1)主旨推斷法：根據(jù)文章的主旨句或中心思想推斷作者的寫作目的。主旨句通常出現(xiàn)在首段或尾段。若沒有主旨句，則需要考生自己歸納總結(jié)中心思想。

(2)文體推斷法：根據(jù)文體的特點(diǎn)和用途來推斷作者的寫作目的。記敘文：具有教育引導(dǎo)意義的文章主要是讓讀者得到某種啟示或教育；說明文：科普類的說明和新聞報(bào)告主要是告知讀者某些信息；議論文和廣告：說服讀者接受某種觀點(diǎn)、產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)?！镜淅饰?】[2022安徽E篇節(jié)選]Luckily，somecitieshavetakenactions，likesettingupnewdownward-directinglightsalongthestreets.Ihopethatmorecitieswilljoininandcontinuethepracticeofcontrollingunnecessarylighting，sothatmoreofuscanwatchthenightskyinawayhumanshaveforthousandsofyears.52．Whatdoesthewriterhopefor?A．Abrighternight. B．Lessuseoflighting.C．Morepersonalspace. D．Abettereducation.【答案】

B寫作意圖題。根據(jù)“Ihopethatmorecitieswilljoininandcontinuethepracticeofcontrollingunnecessarylighting”可知，作者希望更多的城市加入并繼續(xù)控制不必要的照明。故選B?！酒饰觥?/p>

技巧3詞義/句意推測(必考：每年1－2道)此類試題在設(shè)置時，要求猜測詞義主要為實(shí)詞，且為考生不熟悉的生難詞。重點(diǎn)考查通過語境猜測詞義的能力。1．常見設(shè)問方式(1)詞義猜測題①Whatdoestheunderlinedword“...”inparagraph...mean?②Theunderlinedword“...”(inparagraph...)(probably)means________．

(2)句意猜測題①Theunderlinedsentence“...”inbablymeans________．②Whatdoesthewritermeanbytheunderlinedsentence?③Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“...”mean?2．常用方法(1)根據(jù)上下文語境猜測詞義/句意【典例剖析6】[2023安徽D篇節(jié)選]Awarmshowerhelpsyourelax,andthenafteritwarmsyouup,yourcore(核心)bodytemperaturedrops.Thisencouragesyoutofallasleepmorequicklyandsleepmoresoundly．67．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“soundly”probablymean?A．Deeply. B．Poorly.C．Kindly. D．Slowly.【答案】

A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Thisencouragesyoutofallasleepmorequicklyandsleepmoresoundly.”可知，這能讓你更快地入睡，睡得更香，所以畫線單詞與deeply詞義相近，故選A?！酒饰觥?/p>

(2)根據(jù)舉例猜測詞義/句意【典例剖析7】[2023安徽C20教育聯(lián)盟二模E篇節(jié)選]However，somethinkthatthebuzzwordscausepeople'spoorlanguageuse.ItisnottrueforInternetbuzzwordsshouldneverbethoughtasasimplesymbol．Forexample，“yyds”expressesthatonepersonadmires(仰慕)somebody.Itmayseemthatthesepeoplearenotusingcompletewords，butinfact，whattheyaredoingisaddingcolorstodailylife.46.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“symbol”meaninChinese?A．符號 B．文字C．圖片 D．表格【答案】

A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Forexample，‘yyds’expressesthatonepersonadmires(仰慕)somebody.”可知，symbol應(yīng)該是符號的意思，故選A。

【剖析】

(3)根據(jù)生活常識猜測詞義/句意(2020.67，2022.45)【典例剖析8】[2023滁州來安縣二模C篇節(jié)選]Therewasanotherrule.Itwasthatalltheanimalsshouldremembernottobegreedy(貪婪的).Theyhadtoleaveenoughfruitforotherstarvinganimalsthatdidn'thavefoodforalongtime.Theyalsohadtoleavesomefruitsothatthetreecouldstillbebeautiful，andgrowhealthily.40.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“starving”mean?A．滿足的 B．饑餓的C．禮貌的 D．美麗的【答案】

B詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Theyhadtoleaveenoughfruitforotherstarvinganimalsthatdidn'thavefoodforalongtime.”并結(jié)合生活常識可知，畫線單詞的含義為“饑餓的”。故選B。

【剖析】

(4)根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系猜測詞義/句意【典例剖析9】[2022合肥包河區(qū)一模C篇節(jié)選]“Whenuserscompletetheirdailyexercise，theirelectronicpetswillalsobefullofenergy(能量)，andwhentheygotobedtoolateatnight，theirpetswillhaveblackcirclesundertheireyes，”Lisaid.Theelectronicpetislikeaprojectionoftheuserintherealworld.Butunliketheelectronicpetsthatcaredmoreaboutthesimilaritywiththeuser'sappearancebefore，thisApppaysmoreattentiontotheuser'srealself.45．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“projection”mean?A．投射 B．阻礙C．反抗 D．保護(hù)【答案】

A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Whenuserscompletetheirdailyexercise，theirelectronicpetswillalsobefullofenergy(能量)，andwhentheygotobedtoolateatnight，theirpetswillhaveblackcirclesundertheireyes”以及“Theelectronicpetislikeaprojectionoftheuserintherealworld”可知，當(dāng)用戶完成日常鍛煉后，電子寵物也會充滿能量，當(dāng)他們晚上很晚睡覺時，寵物會有黑眼圈，電子寵物就像是使用者在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中的投射，反映出用戶的生活情況，所以projection表示“投射”，故選A?！酒饰觥?/p>

技巧4標(biāo)題歸納標(biāo)題是文章的點(diǎn)睛之筆，是文章的靈魂。標(biāo)題歸納在英語閱讀理解中屬于深層理解題，它要求考生在通讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，認(rèn)真分析文章大意及作者的寫作意圖，選擇與文章主旨符合的標(biāo)題。1．常見設(shè)問方式①Whatisthe(best)title(標(biāo)題)forthetext？(2021.72，2020.68)②Whatmight/couldbethebesttitleforthetext/passage?③Whichofthefollowingmight/couldbethebesttitleforthetext?2．常用方法標(biāo)題具有概括性、針對性和醒目性的特點(diǎn)。即：標(biāo)題能概括文章的主要內(nèi)容，體現(xiàn)文章的主題；標(biāo)題直接指向文章的主要內(nèi)容；標(biāo)題能夠吸引讀者的注意力，喚起讀者的閱讀興趣。解題時，從以下兩點(diǎn)入手：(1)提煉文章的主題句：文章的主題句是解答標(biāo)題歸納題的核心。主題句通常在文章首段，也可能在文章的末段或者分散在各個段落中。如果每個段落都有主題句，需要把各段落主題句的思想集中起來，即為全文的主題句。(2)提取文章的高頻詞：閱讀文章時，要注意文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的高頻詞匯，并將高頻詞匯與文章的主旨比對，判斷高頻詞是否與文章要表達(dá)的主旨一致?！镜淅饰?0】[2023安徽E篇節(jié)選]Ayearbookisatraditioninsomehighschools.Thebookcontains(包含)thenameandthepictureofeachstudentinyourfinalyear,sothatyoucanrememberwhoyouwenttoschoolwith.A15-year-oldschoolgirlCatherineCookandherbrotherDavid,16,wantedmorethanthis.Theythought,“Wedon'treallyknowourclassmatesfromjustapicture,sowhynothaveayearbookonline?Youcouldlearnaboutpeople'smusicaltastes,themoviestheylike,andsoon.”

Withtheirhardwork,awebsitenamedmyYearbookwassetup,whichsoonbecamepopularamongschoolmates.…72．Whatisthebesttitle(標(biāo)題)forthetext?A．AnOnlineYearbook B．TheWebsiteActivitiesC．ACharityProgramme D．TheFinalYearatSchool【答案】

A

標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了一個線上畢業(yè)紀(jì)念冊網(wǎng)站，A項(xiàng)最適合做標(biāo)題。故選A。【剖析】

技巧5主旨/段落大意此類試題考查考生對某個段落或全文的深層次理解。要求考生在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上能較好地運(yùn)用概括、判斷、歸納、推理等邏輯思維方法，對文章進(jìn)行高度概括和總結(jié)，快速獲取語篇中心思想。1．常見設(shè)問方式(1)段落大意題What'sthe...paragraph(段落)mainlyabout?(2)主旨大意題①Whatarethepoemsmainlyabout?②Thepassageismainlyabout________．③Thepassagemainlytalksabout________．2．常用方法文章(段落)的開頭、結(jié)尾通常包含了文章(段落)的中心議題，會出現(xiàn)明顯的主題句。如果沒有主題句，就需要我們根據(jù)文章(段落)內(nèi)容歸納總結(jié)主旨大意。具體方法如下：(1)速讀頭尾，明確主題大多數(shù)文章(或段落)的主題句可能會出現(xiàn)在開頭和結(jié)尾。因此，答題時，要重點(diǎn)關(guān)注頭尾。

(2)定位全文主題句記敘文：一般沒有明顯的主題句，需要根據(jù)故事內(nèi)容和線索來概括大意；說明文：說明事物的用途或發(fā)展過程，主題句通常在段首；議論文：通常采用“總—分—總”的模式敘述，主題句通常在段首或段尾。【典例剖析11】[2023安徽B篇節(jié)選]Althoughfarmingwasnewtohim,GilltookthechallengeandhisexperienceshelpedhimwritehisbookAce

and

the

Animal

Heroes.ThestoryfollowsAce,whoselifechangesgreatlywhenhemovestothecountryside.Aftertryingonapairofmagicalwellies(長筒靴),Acerealizeshecanspeaktotheanimals,whomakeuptheirmindstoprotectthefarm.60．What'sparagraph2mainlyabout?A．Gill'sfarm. B．Gill'sfamily.C．Gill'sbook. D．Gill'sanimals.【答案】

C段落大意題。根據(jù)首句“GilltookthechallengeandhisexperienceshelpedhimwritehisbookAce

and

the

Animal

Heroes.”以及后文內(nèi)容可知，第二段主要介紹了Gill寫的書。故選C?！酒饰觥?/p>

技巧6數(shù)字計(jì)算此類試題需要經(jīng)過具體的計(jì)算才能夠得出正確的答案。解答此類試題的方法是先理解文章的大意，然后經(jīng)過對比、計(jì)算等得出正確的答案?！镜淅饰?2】[2023安徽C20教育聯(lián)盟二模A篇節(jié)選]Membershipfees(費(fèi)用)forayear：$35foranadultover18yearsold.Ifafamilyjoinstheclub，feeswillbelower，$55fortheparentsand$10foreachchildbetweentheagesof5and18.34.Eric，hiswife，andtheir16-year-oldchildwanttojointheclub.Theyshouldpay________forayear.A．$65 B．$88C．$90 D．$120【答案】

A數(shù)字計(jì)算題。根據(jù)“Membershipfees(費(fèi)用)forayear：$35foranadultover18yearsold.Ifafamilyjoinstheclub，feeswillbelower，$55fortheparentsand$10foreachchildbetweentheagesof5and18.”可知，埃里克，他的妻子和他們16歲的孩子想加入這個俱樂部。他們每年應(yīng)該支付55＋10＝65美元。故選A?！酒饰觥?/p>

技巧7代詞指代(2020.64，2022.47)1．代詞指代在2020年和2022年考查過，設(shè)題方式為：Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”/“It”referto(指的是)?2．常用方法解答此類試題，考生要從以下4點(diǎn)入手：(1)回歸原文，找出題干中的指代詞；(2)根據(jù)“指代臨近”原則，在指代詞附近尋找最近的名詞、名詞短語或句子；(3)將找到的詞匯代入替換該指代詞，看其意思是否通順；(4)將找到的詞匯與四個選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行對比，找出最佳答案?！镜淅饰?3】[2022安徽D篇節(jié)選]AteamofscientistsarecarryingoutaprojectattheUniversityofGreenwichinLondon.TheyaretryingtofindwaystomakefoodonMars(火星)inthefuture.TheprojectiscalledFeedingMars.Ittriestousewater，fishandfishwastetogrowfruitandvegetablesonMars.47．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inparagraph1referto(指的是)?A．Thefuture. B．Theproject.C．Theland. D．Theplanet.【答案】

B代詞指代題。根據(jù)“TheprojectiscalledFeedingMars.Ittriestousewater，fishandfishwastetogrowfruitandvegetablesonMars.”可知，這個項(xiàng)目被稱為“喂養(yǎng)火星”，它試圖利用水、魚和魚的廢物在火星上種植水果和蔬菜。

此處It指的是“喂養(yǎng)火星”這個項(xiàng)目，故選B?！酒饰觥?/p>

A(2023·亳州統(tǒng)考二模)Withthedevelopmentofsociety,moreandmorepeoplepaymoreattentiontoourtraditionalculture.Herearefourformsofourcountry'sintangibleculturalheritage(非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)).LanzhounoodlesLanzhounoodlesareaformofintangibleculturalheritagefromGansuProvince.Localpeopleeatthemalmosteveryday.Youcanseethecookpullingthedough(面團(tuán))intolongropes.Minuteslater,thedoughturnsintothinorthicknoodles.Templefair(廟會)TemplefairisatypeofintangibleculturalheritageinBeijing.Theyarebiggatheringswherepeopleshowrespectforgodsandgroupsofbusinessmendobusiness.SeveraltemplefairsareheldatdifferentancienttemplesduringtheSpringFestival.Maturevinegar(陳醋)MaturevinegarisatypeofintangibleculturalheritageinShanxi.Itismadefromdifferentcrops,andhasastrongflavor.Maturevinegarhasbeenaroundforabout3，000years.ItisverypopularinnorthernChina.Single-stringmusicalinstrument(獨(dú)弦琴)Single-stringmusicalinstrumentisaformofintangibleculturalheritagefromtheGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegion(廣西壯族自治區(qū)).Theinstrumentismadeoutofbigbamboopipes(管子).Ithasonlyonestring,butitcancreatebeautifulsounds.Single-stringmusicalinstrument(獨(dú)弦琴)Single-stringmusicalinstrumentisaformofintangibleculturalheritagefromtheGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegion(廣西壯族自治區(qū)).Theinstrumentismadeoutofbigbamboopipes(管子).Ithasonlyonestring,butitcancreatebeautifulsounds.1.Peoplein________eatLanzhounoodlesalmosteveryday.A．Shanxi B．BeijingC．Gansu D．Guangxi答案：C2．People________intemplefairsaccordingtothetext.A．eatLanzhounoodles

B．playmusicC．goswimming

D．showrespectforgods答案：D3．Inwhichpartofamagazinecanyoureadthetext?A．Nature. B．Technology.C．Sports. D．Culture.答案：DB(2023·滁州統(tǒng)考二模)Calligraphy(書法)andpaintingareregardedastwotreasuresinChina.TogetherwiththeancientZhengandthechess,theyformedthefourskillsthatalearnedandelegant(高雅的)personwentafterinancienttimes.Theywerealsoconsideredasagoodexercisetodevelopone'stemperament(氣質(zhì)).ChinesecalligraphyistheartofwritingChineseCharactersandhasalonghistory.Masters'characterscanreflecttheirthought,sothereisnoneedtounderstandChinesecharacters'meanings.TraditionalChinesePaintingisfamousallovertheworldforitsspecialstyleandlivelynationalfeatures(特點(diǎn)).Overthecenturies,manyartists'workshadbecomeanart.Accordingtotheexpressionway,traditionalChinesepaintingmainlyfallsintotwoschools.TheXieyiSchoolmeanspaintingthefeeling.Ithasexaggeration(夸張)formsandusesinkfreely.TheotherschoolcalledGongbi.Itmeansbeingserious.Itrequestsstrictsubjects.1．Whomightlikethechessinancienttimes?A．Afarmer. B．Ateacher.C．Afisher. D．Acook.答案：B2．Whatcanwelearnfromsomeone'scalligraphy?A．Histhought. B．Hisspirit.C．Hishealth. D．Hiswealth.答案：A3．What'sthemainfeatureofGongbiSchool?A．It'sfree. B．It'snatural.C．It'sstrict. D．It'snormal.答案：CC(2023·合肥統(tǒng)考二模)Wheredoyoupaint?Maybeyoucanpaintonpaper,onapieceofclothandevenonthewall.Buthaveyoueverthoughtofcreatingpicturesinthefields?InAnhui,everyyearfarmersplantdifferentkindsandcoloursofriceto“make”picturesinthefields.Thisisricepaddyart(稻田畫).Somevillagesweretryingtodosomethingtohelpthefarmersmakemoremoney.Theyneededawaytoattract(吸引)touristsandthenthericefieldartcameintobeing.Duringthefirstfewyears,thefarmerscreatedsimplepictures.Latertheywereabletomakemorecomplex(復(fù)雜的)ones.EveryApril,thevillagersmeetanddecidewhattoplantfortheyear.Beforeplanting,farmersmakethepicturesoncomputerstoworkoutwhereandhowtoplanttherice.Afterthat,farmersplantdifferentkindsofriceindifferentareasoffields.Whenricegrowstall,differentcolourswillcomeoutinthefields.Now,thecountrysideinAnhuihasbecomeoneofthemostpopularplacesofinterestforboththeyoungandold.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?Justbringyourcamera,comeandenjoythebeautyofnatureforyourself!1．Wheredopeoplemakericepaddyart?A．Onpaper. B．Onapieceofcloth.C．Onthewall. D．Inthefields.答案：D2．Whywasricepaddyartfirststarted?A．Tohelpfarmersmakemoney.B．Tohelpfarmersgrowmorerice.C．Tohelpartistslearnaboutart.D．Tohelpvillagesbecomeclean.答案：A3．What'sthemainideaofparagraph3?A．Theadvantagesofricepaddyart.B．Theproblemsofricepaddyart.C．Thestepsofcreatingricepaddyart.D．Thecoloursofricepaddyart.答案：C4．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Toteachskills. B．Tosharestories.C．Topraiseartists. D．Toattracttourists.答案：DD(2023·滁州統(tǒng)考一模)AnhuiProvincehasmanyancientcities.Fouraredescribedbelow：Shexian,Shouxian,Bozhou,andAnqingzShexianShexianisanancientcity.ItliesinthesouthofAnhuiProvince.ThecitywasfirstfoundedintheSuiDynasty(朝代)andaddedontointheTangDynasty.DuringtheMingandQingdynasties,moretemples,houses,bridges,andwallswerebuilt.ShouxianTheancientcityofShouxianwasfirstbuiltduringtheWarringStatesPeriod(戰(zhàn)國時期)andusedasacapitalduringtheWesternHanDynasty.Awallthatwas30feethigh，12feetwide,and21，000feetlong,surrounded(圍繞)theancientcityofShouxian.BozhouHumanslivedinBozhoumorethan7，000yearsago.ThiscitywasusedasacapitalduringtheShangDynastyandduringtheThreeKingdomsPeriodfortheWeiDynasty.ItwasalsoanimportantcityduringtheTangDynasty.AnqingItwasbuiltduringtheEasternZhouDynasty.Anqingwasthecapitalforthisdynasty.ItwasalsoanimportantcityduringtheSouthernSongDynasty.TheHuangmeiOperaandtheHuiOperastartedinAnqing.1.InwhichdynastywasShexianfirstfounded?A．Sui. B．Tang.C．Ming. D．Qing.答案：A2．WhichcitywasusedasacapitalduringtheShangDynasty?A．Shexian. B．Shouxian.C．Bozhou. D．Anqing.答案：C3．Whatcanweknowfromthematerial?A．Shexianwasthefirstfoundedcity.B．BozhouwasbuiltduringShangDynasty.C．TheancientcitywallofShouxianis2，100feetlong.D．AnqingisthehomeoftheHuangmeiOperaandtheHuiOpera.答案：DE(2023·合肥統(tǒng)考一模)Accordingtoastory,whenthefirstancientpioneerssetoutfromnorthernandcentralChina,hopingtoliveinsouthernChina,theymetmanydifficulties.InthemountainsandforestsofsouthernChina,theyfounddangerousanimals,snakesandcountlessinsects.Awiseandrespectedoldmancameupwiththeideaofabuilding,hangingonwoodencolumns(柱子).Thenpeoplebuiltthesetallbuildings,andsoontheyweresafefromthedangeroflivingthingsbelow.Thesearethefirstdiaojiaolou,datingbackmorethan500years.Theyarewidelyspreadinsomesouthernprovinces,buttheirappearancesaredifferentindifferentplaces.Althoughtheoldstoriesbehinddiaojiaoloumaynotseemtrue,wecanclearlyseeoneofitsmainbenefits：protectingthemselvesfromwildanimals.Mostdiaojiaolouaresquarewoodenstructures(結(jié)構(gòu))supportedbywoodencolumns.Theyareusually8metersor12meterstall.Theupperfloorsaresupportedbythickwoodencolumns,whicharefurtherstrengthened(加強(qiáng))bystoneblocksatthebottom.Evenifonecolumnisbrokenoronestoneblockisremoved,thebuildingwillstillstand.1．Whatdifficultiesdidtheancientpioneersmeet?A．Livingenvironment. B．Trafficproblems.C．Languagedifficulties. D．Livinghabits.答案：A2．Whydidtheancientpioneersbuildthosetallbuildings?A.Togetafurtherview.B．Tokeepthemselvessafe.C．Togetclosetoeachother.D．Toseparatetheyoungfromtheold.答案：B3．Whatdoesthewritermainlytalkaboutinparagraph2?A．Diaojiaolou'sshapesandstories.B．Diaojiaolou'shistoryandbenefits.C．Diaojiaolou'sdesignandsizes.D．Diaojiaolou'sappearancesandspreading.答案：B4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“remove”inthelastparagraphmeaninChinese?A．移走 B．升高C．添加 D．分散答案：AF(2023·滁州校考模擬預(yù)測)Watchinganimationsisachildhoodmemoryforeverygeneration(一代人),buttheshowsaredifferentovertime.Someanimationsnotonlyallowustoenjoyclassicsfromdifferenttimes,butalsogiveusatasteofChineseculture.Fromthestorytovisualeffects(視覺效果),theyhavearealChineseflavor.ThestoryThe

Legend

of

Sealed

Book(《天書奇譚》)comesfromChineselegends.Yuangong,whocomesfromheaven(天庭),findsabookwithamazingtricksandletstheboyDanshengpracticethem.“Unique(奇特的),funnyandbeautiful”—thesearewhattheartistsworkedhardforatthetime.Theyborrowedculturalelementsfromtraditionaloperaandpainting.ThelooksofmanycharacterscomefromPekingOperafacemakeup,showingtheirpersonalities.LovelyDanshenglookslikewawasheng,rolesforkidsinPekingOpera.Acunning(狡猾的)foxwearshuadanmakeuptomakehermoreattractive.HuadanistheyoungfemaleroleinPekingOpera.Customslikewalkingonstilts(踩高蹺)andliondancingareshownvividly(生動地).Animationartistspaintedinbothrealisticandpoetic(詩意的)styles.Simpleandthinlinesareusedtopaintcharacters,whiletheinkwashpaintingstylewasusedformountains,treesandwater.Anotheranimation,Little

Tadpole

Looking

for

Mummy(《小蝌蚪找媽媽》)wastotallydrawnwithinkandbrush.ThedesignerslearnedfromthegreatartistQiBaishi.Theblacktadpoles,pinklotusflowers,yellowchickensandredgoldfish...allcometolife!“ClassicChineseanimationsshowushowcolorfulandrichourculturesare.Iwanttoshowrespecttotheartistswhomadethem！”amiddleschoolstudentwholikestheseanimationssaid.1．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．WhatpeoplethinkabouttheChineselegends.B．WhyThe

Legend

of

Sealed

Bookwasremade.C．WhatThe

Legend

of

Sealed

Bookisabout.D．WhatChineselegendsgenerallyfocuson.答案：C2．ThedesignofthecharacterDanshengborrowedthelookof________inPekingOpera.A．qingyi B．laoshengC．huadan D．wawasheng答案：D3．Whatdoweknowabouttheseremadeanimations?A．Theyareallpaintedinblackandwhite.B．TheycontainmanyChineseculturalelements.C．Theyareallpaintedintheinkwashpaintingstyle.D．TheyareallaboutChineselegends.答案：B4．Accordingtothestudent,there-releaseoftheanimationsis________．A．worthwhile B．expensiveC．difficult D．meaningless答案：AG(2023·安徽模擬預(yù)測)NootherplanethascaptivatedourimaginationsquitelikeMars.ChangingfromalandscapesimilartothatofEarthtoaredwasteland,Marsseemstoholdmanyquestionswaitingforanswers.Withcountlesspossibilities,countriesaroundtheworldaresendingspacecraftstoit.AndoneofthemostambitiousspacecraftslaunchedyetisChina'sTianwen-1.Tianwen-1,aMarsspacecraftnamedafterapoemtitledtheQuest

for

Heavenly

TruthbyancientChinesepoetQuYuan,waslaunchedbyChinaonJuly23,2020.Thereasonwhythisspacecraftisregardedasambitiousisthatitconsistsofanorbiter,alanderandaroverandisgoingtoachievethesemissionsinonego.However,realizingallthreemissionsonafirst-attemptisafearthathasn'tbeenachievedbyanycountrybefore.Let'sstartwithTianwen-1'sfirstmission,enteringtheorbitofMars.TheorbiterwillnotonlybeusedasthevesselforthelanderandrovertoentertheorbitofMars,butitwillalsoberesponsiblefortakingpicturesandanalyzingthesurfaceofMars.Equippedwithmanyscientificinstruments,theorbiterwillstudyMartiansoil,geologicalstructure,environmentandatmosphere.OncetheorbitermanagestoentertheorbitaroundMars,itwillreleasethelanderandroversystem.TosuccessfullylandonMars,thelanderneedstodeceleratefromitsreleaseintheMartianatmosphere,oritwillbedamagedbecauseofthehighspeed.NASAscientistsoncereferredtoaMarslandingas“thesixminutesofterrors”，becausetheMartianatmospherecreatesheattoanyobjectthathopestolandonthesurface.Ideally,whenthelandertouchestheground,itwillreleasea240-kilogramrover.Therover,withanexpectedlifespanofatleast90Martiandays,willconductvariouskindsofscientificexplorationonMars.TheexplorationofMarsisinitsearlystages.Buthopefully,Tianwen-1,whichalsomarkedChina'sfirststepinplanetaryexplorationofthesolarsystem,willhelptoprovideanswerstolongtimequestionsfromscientistsandprovideinsightintomysteriesoftheRedPlanet.1．Fromthefirstparagraph,Marsisattractivetousbecause________．A．itholdsalargenumberofsecretstodiscoverB．manyspacecraftshavearrivedonMarssofarC．wedon'tknowwhyitchangedintoaredwastelandD.exploringMarsisharderthanexploringotherplanets答案：A2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decelerate”inparagraph4mean?A．Setoff. B．Slowdown.C．Turnoff. D．Cooldown.答案：B3．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________．A．NASAhasmanagedtolandspaceshipsonMarsbeforeB．theroverwilltakepicturesofMarsandstudyitssurfaceC．theorbiterplaysthemostimportantroleinexploringMarsD．scientists