2021-2022學(xué)年浙江省杭州市余杭區(qū)杭州二中樹(shù)蘭高級(jí)中學(xué)高一上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試題

答案第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages22頁(yè)浙江省杭州市余杭區(qū)杭州二中樹(shù)蘭高級(jí)中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期入學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試題一、閱讀理解Manysocialstudybooksandarticleshavegraphstogowiththetext.Agraphisakindofpicturethatshowsamountsornumbersataglance.Agraphcanshowthesameinformationthatisinthetext，butithelpsyou“picture”theinformationandmakesiteasiertounderstandandquickertoread.Acirclegraph，alsocalledapiegraph，isdividedinto“slices”.Itshowshowthepartsfitintothewhole.Herearesomesuggestionsonhowtoreadit.Step1:Readthetitletofindoutwhatthegraphisabout.ThecirclegraphbelowshowsthepopulationofWashington，D．C．Step2:Lookattheslices.Thisgraphhasseven“slices”.Eachshowsonegroupofpeople.Youcanseehoweachpartcomparestothewhole—howeachgroupcomparestothetotalpopulation.Step3:Usethelabel(標(biāo)簽)tofindoutwhatisbeingcompared.ThelabelsonthegraphnamethegroupsofpeoplewholiveinWashington，D．C．Alineconnectsthecorresponding(相應(yīng)的)partofthegraph.Step4:Readtheintroductiontothegraph.Thepassagebesidethegraphmayoffersomemoredetailedinformationofthetopic.1．Whereisagraphmostprobablyusedaccordingtothewriter?A．Aninvitationlettertoabirthdayparty.B．Anintroductionofthestepstoplanttrees.C．Afairytaleofanoldmanmovingthehill.D．Astudyondifferentwaystospendholidays.2．WhichgroupofpeoplemakesupmorethanhalfofthepopulationofWashington，D．C．?A．Caucasian. B．Mixedraces.C．Latino. D．AfricanAmerican.3．Whatdoesthewritersuggestdoingwiththeslices?A．Joiningthedifferentslices. B．MixingtheslicesandinformationC．Comparingtheslicestothewhole. D．Matchingtheslicesandnumbers.4．Thewriterorganizesthiswritingby________.A．givinganexample B．a(chǎn)skingaquestionC．listingreasons D．tellingastoryIfyouhaveonlythreeminutestogetsomethingthatyoucantakefromyourhome,andtheotherthingarelostforever,whatwillyoutake?Thefollowinginformationwillhelpyou.B．O.B．B．O.B．isshortforBugofBag(求生背包).It’sabagwithacollectionofthingsthatareneededforlifeinit.ReasonstouseaB．O.B．Whendisasters(災(zāi)難)likeearthquakesandheavyrainstormshappen,manypeoplewillhavetorunawayfromtheirhomesandtheymaynotreturnforalongtime.Theyneedtocontinuetolivewithoutfood,waterorashelterinsomeunexpectedsituations.ThingsinaB．O.B．1.Asleepingbag,oratleastathinquilt.2.Drinkingwater.3.High-caloriefoods,suchaschocolateandbiscuits.4.Necessarymedicines.5.Somethingformakingafire,andasmallpottoboilwaterorcook.6.Afewbasictoolslikeaknifeandsomeropes.7.Aflashlight.8.Money.9.Acopyofallyourimportantpapers.(BesuretomakeaB．O.B．a(chǎn)slightaspossible.)PlacestokeepaB．O.B．YoushouldputaB．O.B．a(chǎn)taplacewhereyoucangetitconvenientlywhendisastershappen.Yourhome,yourcar,oryourofficecanbeagoodplacetoputit.AB．O.B．isveryhelpfultothepeopleinneed.You’dbetterpreparemorethanoneB．O.B．ifpossible.ThenthinkofthedifferenceaB．O.B．willmakeifthosedisastershappen.Soprepareonenow.5．ManypeoplerunawayfromtheirhomeswithaB．O.B．because________.A．theyhavetosamemanypeople’slivesB．theyhavenootherusefulthingstotakeC．theywillbeabletoreturninashorttimeD．theyneedtocontinuetoliveafterdisastershappen6．PeopleshouldmakeaB．O.B．a(chǎn)s________astheycan.A．huge B．light C．common D．heavy7．Accordingtothepassage,“________”isright.A．ExpensivethingsshouldbeputinaB．O.B．safely.B．PeopleshouldtakeaB．O.B．withthemeverywhere.C．It’sbettertopreparemorethanoneB．O.B．ifpossible.D．PeopleareadvisedtoputsomemoreclothesinaB．O.B．3Dprintingisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.Wearenowabletoprintthingssuchasclothing,musicalinstrumentsandmodelcars.Peopleandbusinessesareabletocreatethethingstheyneedveryquicklyandeasilyusing3Dprinters.Butcanyouimagineprintingfood?Somescientistsaretryingtocreateanewdiningexperiencebydoingthis.Theyhopethathavinga3Dprinterinthekitchenwillbecomeascommonasthemicrowaveorthefridge.Scientistssaythattheyareeasytouse:yousimplyhavetochoosewhatyouwanttoeatandputtheuncookedfood‘inks’intotheprinter.Youcanalsochangetheinstructionstomakethefoodexactlyhowyouwantit.Thismeansthatitwouldbeveryquickandeasytocreatetastyandhealthymeals.Using3Dprinterstocreateyourmealswouldalsobesavingtheenvironment.Therewouldbelessneedfortraditionalgrowingandtransportingasfoodproductionwouldbemuchsimpler.Printingfoodcouldalsohelppeoplewhoareexperiencingtheswallowingdisorder.Theycouldmaketheprintertoprintsofterfoodssothattheywouldnothavetroubleswallowingthem.However,somepeoplethinkthatafutureof3D--printedfoodwouldcausemanyproblems.Itcouldtakeawaymanyjobs,includingthoseforgrowingandtransportingfood.Likewise,traditionalcafésandrestaurantsmightlosebusiness.Also,peopleareworryingaboutwhethertheprintedfoodisnutritious:Isitreallypossibletogetthenutrientsweneedfromfood-basedinks?What’smore,cookingandeatingtogetherwithfamilyandfriendshaslongbeenatraditionalandenjoyableactivity.Itishardtoimagineaworldwherethepastimeofcookingisdeadandmealscanbecreatedatthetouchofabutton.8．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribes3Dfoodprinting?A．Quickandeasy. B．Impossibleandfailed.C．Nutritiousandtasty. D．Unhealthyanddifficult.9．Paragraph3mainlytellsusabout________.A．theadvantagesofthe3Dfoodprinting B．theproblemscausedbythe3DfoodprintingC．thefuturedevelopmentofthe3Dfoodprinting D．theintroductionofthe3Dfoodprinting10．Whichofthefollowingistheproblemcausedbyfoodprinting?A．Traditionalfoodwilldisappear. B．Manypeoplewilllosetheirjobs.C．Cookingmealswilltakemoretime. D．Peoplehavetopaymorefortheprintedfood.11．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A．3DFoodPrintingIsComing B．Can3DPrintingCreateEverything?C．3D-printingFoodWillBeinFashion! D．TheDisadvantagesof3DFoodPrintingBelieveitornot,humanshavebeenindebttoEarthOvershootDaythismonth.EarthOvershootDayfellonAugust8th.Asofthatday,wehadusedasmuchfromnaturein2016asourplanetcanprovideinawholeyear.Inotherwords,wehaverunoutofthisyear's“ecologicalbudget”,andfortherestoftheyearwe'llbeeatingintoour“savings”.GlobalFootprintNetworkhasbeenwatchingEarthOvershootDaysince1971.Thisyear,thedaycamefivedaysearlierthanitdidlastyear(Aug.13th),11daysearlierthantheyearbeforelastyear(Aug.19th)andistheearliestdateyet.GlobalFootprintNetworksaidthathumansnowuse1.6Earths'worthofcrops,forest,livestock,energyandotherresourceseveryyear.Bythe2030swewillbeusingmorethantwoEarths'worthofresourceseveryyear.ThesituationismoreandmoreseriousandtheworldneedstofindabetterbalanceinhowtousetheEarth'sresources.OvershootDayisaredlightwarningoftroubleahead.“Thatis,we'reusingupwhatourplanetdoesforus,soyearafteryear,thereislessforustouse,”StuartPimm,anAmericanprofessorofecology,explained.“Lessforest,fewerfishintheocean,andlessproductiveland.”Twoofthemaincausesareover-populationandpollution.Smallactionsmakeabigdifferenceandallofusplayanimportantroleincreating

abetterworldwherewelive.Evenafewsimplechangesaroundourhomecanreducewaste,fromtakingashowerinsteadofabathtousingourownreusablebagsatastoreinsteadofonesthataremadeofplastics.Inthiswaywecanreducewasteandpollution.Let'sstarttodaytolivegreenerinnotime.12．Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．EarthOvershootDayiscomingearlierandearlier.B．EarthOvershootDayfallsonAug.19th.C．Humanswillhavetospendmoremoneyfortherestoftheyear.D．Humanshaveusedasmanyresourcesthisyearaswedidlastyear.13．AccordingtoGlobalFootprintNetwork,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Bythe2030stherewillbenoresourcesleftonEarth.B．Humansneedtofindbetterwaystouseresourcesproperly.C．Humansusemorethan1.6Earths'worthofresourceseveryyear.D．Aug.13thistheearliestdateofEarthOvershootDaysince1971.14．Whichonecan'thelpusreducewaste?A．Takingashower. B．Takingabath.C．Usingreusablebags. D．Recyclingwastewater.15．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．LivingaSavingLife B．Aug.8th—anImportantDayC．SmallActionsMakeaBigDifference D．EatingupOurPlanet二、七選五50thingstodobeforeyou're18!Ifyouhaven'tturnedeighteenyet,MyWorldmagazinewantstohearfromyou!Wewantyoursuggestionsfora“50thingstodobeforeyou're18”list.Beginyourideawiththequestion“Haveyouever…?”,andnotethatweonlywantideasyou'vealreadytriedoutyourself!Yourreplies____16____I'vebeenamazedhowquicklyI'veimproved!It'sreallysatisfying.I'vebeeninmyownbandforayearnow,andwe'veevenwonafewcompetitions!I'vemadeloadsoffriendsthatway,too.Everyoneyoumeetlikesmusic,soyou'vealreadygotlotstotalkabout.—Kitty,Hull____17____Well,whynot?Badweathermakesussad,butthisisawaytofeelhappyagain.Yes,youdoneedtofeelconfidenttotrythis!Somepeoplehavelaughedatme—it'strue—butmanymorehavejoinedin!—Ben,Penrith____18____Ican'tbelievetherearepeopleouttherewho'veneverseenthesuncomeup!Youdon'tneedtobeapoetoranartisttofindthatbeautiful.Oh,andthisisanextraidea,butgoswimmingwithdolphins!IdiditlastsummerandnowIcan'tstoptellingeveryonehowamazingitwas.—Lucy,Aberdeen____19____YesterdayIhelpedtolookforaman'sdog.Thedaybeforethat,Istoodupwhenanoldladygotonthebus,andIgavehermyseat.Thesepeopleweren'tfriendsorfamily.Theyweresimplypeoplewhoneededhelp.Andhelpingthemmademefeelgreat.Tryit!It'squitesurprising.—Prash,Nottingham____20____I'vetriedredgothichairstyle!Ididitinschoolholidays,soteachersdidn'tcomplain.(Warning:makesurethatyourparentsarecoolwiththisfirst!Youdon'twantthemtogocrazy.)Yourcanevenexperimentwithdifferentclothes.It'sgreatfun.—Faith,PrestonA．Haveyoueverdancedintherain?B．Haveyoueverchangedthecolorofyourhair?C．Haveyoueverlearnedhowtoplayamusicalinstrument?D．Haveyoueverbeentoaforeigncountry?E．Haveyoueverdonesomethingniceforsomeoneyoudon'tknow?F．Haveyoueverfeltthebeautyofnature?三、完形填空Maddieandherfathertooktheirseatsinthesubway，tired.They'dbeensightseeingnonstopinWashington，D．C．Allthe___21___andwaitinginlinemadethemtired.“Itsurefeelsgoodto___22___！”herdadspokeloudly.“IthinkI'lljustclosemyeyesandrelax___23___wegettoourstop.”Whilehewasresting，Maddielookedonherfather'sphone___24___thepictureshe'dtaken.Shesmiled，___25___howmuchfunthey'dhad.Asshewas___26___thepictures，sheheardthelittleboybehindherwhimpering(啜泣)annoyingly.Althoughthesubwaywas___27___，shewishedtheboyandhismotherwouldsitsomewhereelse.Shetriednottonotice___28___，butamomentlaterheletoutascreamthatmadeherfather___29___.Maddieturnedaroundandstaredattheboy.Theboy'smotherheldtheboyontoherlapandrockedhim____30____.Shesmiledwearily(疲憊地)andsaid，“He'scryingbecausewejustcamefromthezoo，andhedidn'tseehisfavoriteelephanttoday.”Uponhearingthese____31____，theboycriedagain.“IwantedtoseeKandula！”“Iknow，dear，”hismothersaid.“Butthezookeepertookhiminsideforabath.We'llseehimnexttime.”“____32____IwanttoseeKandularightnow！”theboysobbed.SuddenlyMaddiefelt____33____fortheboy:sheknewhowawfulitfeltwhenthingsdidn'tgoyourway.Shesearchedthe____34____andfoundoneherfatherhadtakenofKandulawhentheywereatthezoothedaybefore.“Look，here'sapictureofhim！”saidMaddie.Thelittleboylookedatthepictureandthenyelled(大喊)with____35____，“Look，Mama！Kandula！”“Thankyousomuch，”thewomanwhisperedtoMaddie.21．A．shopping B．walking C．sitting D．watching22．A．getup B．walkaround C．sitdown D．runaway23．A．when B．a(chǎn)fter C．until D．if24．A．of B．a(chǎn)t C．on D．in25．A．imagining B．expecting C．wondering D．remembering26．A．lookingthrough B．findingout C．pickingup D．handingout27．A．dirty B．clean C．empty D．crowded28．A．her B．us C．you D．him29．A．a(chǎn)lone B．a(chǎn)wake C．a(chǎn)fraid D．a(chǎn)sleep30．A．heavily B．a(chǎn)ngrily C．loudly D．patiently31．A．stories B．words C．suggestions D．promises32．A．So B．But C．And D．Because33．A．sorry B．mad C．surprised D．excited34．A．seats B．a(chǎn)nimals C．photos D．phones35．A．a(chǎn)nger B．happiness C．sadness D．care四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。YuanLongpingisaplantscientist.Peopleoftencall____36____(he)thefatherofhybridricebecauseofhisimportantandworld-changingworkonthehybridriceplant.YuanwasborninBeijingin1930andgraduated____37____theSouthwestUniversityofAgricultureinChongqingin1953.Aftergraduation,hebecameateacherataschoolinHunanprovince.Inthe1960s,Chinaexperiencessomebad____38____(nature)disastersandalotofthecountry’sricecrops____39____(destroy).Itcausedabigproblem.Atthetime.China’spopulationwasgrowingvery____40____(quick),andthesuppliesofricehadnotyetrecovered.China’s____41____(farm)foundithardtofeedallofthepeopleinthecountrywiththeavailablesupplyofrice.Asolutionwasneeded.In1964,Yuanfoundakindofhybridriceplantwithadvantagedovercurrenttypes.Heexperimentedalotanddevelopedaway____42____(produce)thishybridriceinlargeamounts.However,thefirsthybridriceplantwasnotverysuccessful.Heexperimented____43____workedwithothers,andby1973,he____44____(find)awaysuccessfullytocreateahigher-producingspeciesofrice.Thenewspecieswasabletogrow20%_____45_____(much)thantheoriginal.五、根據(jù)首字母填寫(xiě)單詞46．Ifwedoourhomeworkmorecarefully，wewillmakefewerm________.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě)）47．Ginausuallytakesthebustowork,butthismorning,sher________abiketowork.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě)）48．Weallcametothepartyontimee________Tim，becausehelivesfarfromhere.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě)）49．Shoppingonlineisw________acceptedamongyoungpeople.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě)）50．Totellyouthet________,Idon’tknowtheoldman,either.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě)）51．Mybrotherlikessleepingwiththewindowopenu________it'sreallycold.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě)）52．Asmiddleschoolstudents,weshouldn'td________toomuchonourparents.Weshouldlearntolookafterourselves.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě)）53．Ac________isapageorseveralpagesshowingthedays，weeksandmonthsofayear.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě)）54．Ihaverestedathomeforaweek.Ibegintofeelb________andwanttoreturntoschoolsoon.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě)）55．Anoldman’se________birthdayisagreateventinChina.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě)）六、申請(qǐng)信56．假定你是李華，學(xué)校英語(yǔ)書(shū)法社團(tuán)舉辦招新活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)你結(jié)合下面要點(diǎn)撰寫(xiě)一封申請(qǐng)書(shū)。內(nèi)容包括：1.想要加入該社團(tuán)的理由；2.加入后的計(jì)劃。要求：1.要點(diǎn)齊全，思路清晰；2.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的校名和人名；3.詞數(shù)80左右。參考答案：1．D2．D3．C4．A【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了圖表，許多社會(huì)研究書(shū)籍和文章都有與課文相符的圖表。圖表是一種一目了然地顯示數(shù)量或數(shù)字的圖片。圖表可以顯示文本中的相同信息，但它可以幫助“描繪”信息，并使其更容易理解和更快地閱讀。重點(diǎn)針對(duì)如何閱讀圖表給出了建議。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Agraphcanshowthesameinformationthatisinthetext,butithelpsyou"picture"theinformationandmakesiteasiertounderstandandquickertoread.”（圖表可以顯示文本中的相同信息，但它可以幫助“描繪”信息，并使其更容易理解和更快地閱讀。）可知研究度假的不同方式適合圖表。故選D項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)圖表可知AfricanAmerican占華盛頓的人口達(dá)到343.312，已經(jīng)超過(guò)一半。故選D項(xiàng)。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Step2:Lookattheslices中的“Thisgraphhasseven"slices".Eachshowsonegroupofpeople.Youcanseehoweachpartcomparestothewhole--howeachgroupcomparestothetotalpopulation.”（此圖有七個(gè)“切片”。每片代表一群人。您可以看到每個(gè)部分與整體的比較——每個(gè)組與總體的比較。）可知這些切片可以和整體作出比較。故選C項(xiàng)。4．推理判斷題。結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容主要通過(guò)講華盛頓人口比重的例子，來(lái)講述如何閱讀圖表的建議。A.givinganexample舉例；B.askingaquestion提問(wèn)；C.listingreasons列名理由；D.tellingastory講故事。故選A項(xiàng)。5．D6．B7．C【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹B.O.B.，一種里面裝著維持生命所需要的東西的求生背包。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ReasonstouseaB.O.B.下列段落“Whendisasters(災(zāi)難)likeearthquakesandheavyrainstormshappen,manypeoplewillhavetorunawayfromtheirhomesandtheymaynotreturnforalongtime.Theyneedtocontinuetolivewithoutfood,waterorashelterinsomeunexpectedsituations.(當(dāng)像地震和暴雨這樣的災(zāi)難發(fā)生時(shí)，許多人將不得不逃離他們的家，他們可能會(huì)很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間不回來(lái)。在一些意想不到的情況下，他們需要在沒(méi)有食物、水或住所的情況下繼續(xù)生活。)”可知，人們帶著B(niǎo).O.B.逃離家園是因?yàn)闉?zāi)難發(fā)生后，他們需要繼續(xù)生活。故選D項(xiàng)。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThingsinaB.O.B.下列條目最后的括號(hào)內(nèi)“BesuretomakeaB.O.B.aslightaspossible.(一定要讓B.O.B.盡可能輕。)”可知，人們應(yīng)該盡可能使一個(gè)B.O.B.輕一些。故選B項(xiàng)。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“AB.O.B.isveryhelpfultothepeopleinneed.You’dbetterpreparemorethanoneB.O.B.ifpossible.(B.O.B.對(duì)有需要的人很有幫助。如果可能的話，你最好準(zhǔn)備多個(gè)B.O.B。)”可知，選項(xiàng)C“如果可能的話，最好準(zhǔn)備多個(gè)B.O.B.?！笔钦_的。故選C項(xiàng)。8．A9．A10．B11．A【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了如今3D打印食物技術(shù)正在快速發(fā)展，介紹了3D食品打印的一些優(yōu)點(diǎn)以及可能會(huì)引起的問(wèn)題。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thismeansthatitwouldbeveryquickandeasytocreatetastyandhealthymeals.(這意味著它將是非常快速和容易制作美味和健康的食物)”可推知，3D食品打印簡(jiǎn)單快捷。故選A。9．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Using3Dprinterstocreateyourmealswouldalsobesavingtheenvironment.Therewouldbelessneedfortraditionalgrowingandtransportingasfoodproductionwouldbemuchsimpler.Printingfoodcouldalsohelppeoplewhoareexperiencingtheswallowingdisorder.Theycouldmaketheprintertoprintsofterfoodssothattheywouldnothavetroubleswallowingthem.(使用3D打印機(jī)制作食物也可以保護(hù)環(huán)境。隨著糧食生產(chǎn)變得更加簡(jiǎn)單，對(duì)傳統(tǒng)種植和運(yùn)輸?shù)男枨髮?huì)減少。打印食物也可以幫助患有吞咽障礙的人。他們可以讓打印機(jī)打印更柔軟的食物，這樣他們就不會(huì)有吞咽困難)”可知，第3段主要告訴我們關(guān)于3D食品打印的優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選A。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Itcouldtakeawaymanyjobs,includingthoseforgrowingandtransportingfood.(它可能會(huì)奪走很多工作，包括種植和運(yùn)輸食物的工作)”可知，食品打印引起的問(wèn)題是許多人將失去他們的工作。故選B。11．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“3Dprintingisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.Wearenowabletoprintthingssuchasclothing,musicalinstrumentsandmodelcars.Peopleandbusinessesareabletocreatethethingstheyneedveryquicklyandeasilyusing3Dprinters.(3D打印正變得越來(lái)越流行。我們現(xiàn)在可以打印衣服、樂(lè)器和模型汽車(chē)等東西。使用3D打印機(jī)，人們和企業(yè)能夠非?？焖俸洼p松地創(chuàng)建他們需要的東西)”以及第二段中“Butcanyouimagineprintingfood？Somescientistsaretryingtocreateanewdiningexperiencebydoingthis.(但你能想象打印食物嗎？一些科學(xué)家試圖通過(guò)這樣做來(lái)創(chuàng)造一種新的用餐體驗(yàn))”結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了如今3D打印食物技術(shù)正在快速發(fā)展，介紹了3D食品打印的一些優(yōu)點(diǎn)以及可能會(huì)引起的問(wèn)題?？芍珹選項(xiàng)“3D食品打印即將到來(lái)”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。12．A13．B14．B15．D【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了8月8日是地球生態(tài)超載日，這一日期正變得越來(lái)越早了。文章介紹了人類(lèi)對(duì)地球資源的消耗情況，建議人們從小事做起，減少浪費(fèi)和污染。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thisyear,thedaycamefivedaysearlierthanitdidlastyear(Aug.13th),11daysearlierthantheyearbeforelastyear(Aug.19th)andistheearliestdateyet.(今年比去年（8月13日）提前了5天，比前年（8月19日）提前了11天，是最早的一天)”可知，地球生態(tài)超載日越來(lái)越早了。故選A。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“ThesituationismoreandmoreseriousandtheworldneedstofindabetterbalanceinhowtousetheEarth'sresources.(情況越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重，世界需要對(duì)如何使用地球的資源找到一個(gè)更好的平衡)”可知，B選項(xiàng)“人類(lèi)需要找到更好的方法來(lái)正確使用資源”正確。故選B。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Evenafewsimplechangesaroundourhomecanreducewaste,fromtakingashowerinsteadofabathtousingourownreusablebagsatastoreinsteadofonesthataremadeofplastics.(即使是在家里做一些簡(jiǎn)單的改變也能減少浪費(fèi)，從用淋浴代替泡澡，到在商店用我們自己的可重復(fù)使用的塑料袋代替塑料包裝袋)”可知，泡澡不能幫助我們減少浪費(fèi)。故選B。15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Believeitornot,humanshavebeenindebttoEarthOvershootDaythismonth.EarthOvershootDayfellonAugust8th.Asofthatday,wehadusedasmuchfromnaturein2016asourplanetcanprovideinawholeyear.Inotherwords,wehaverunoutofthisyear's“ecologicalbudget”,andfortherestoftheyearwe'llbeeatingintoour“savings”.(信不信由你，這個(gè)月人類(lèi)已經(jīng)欠了地球超支日的債。8月8日是地球生態(tài)超載日。到那天為止，2016年我們從自然中所消耗的資源已經(jīng)是地球一整年所能提供的了。換句話說(shuō)，我們已經(jīng)用完了今年的“生態(tài)預(yù)算”，在今年剩下的時(shí)間里，我們將會(huì)消耗掉我們的“儲(chǔ)蓄”)”以及第三段中“GlobalFootprintNetworksaidthathumansnowuse1.6Earths'worthofcrops,forest,livestock,energyandotherresourceseveryyear.(全球足跡網(wǎng)絡(luò)稱(chēng)，人類(lèi)現(xiàn)在每年消耗相當(dāng)于地球1.6倍的農(nóng)作物、森林、牲畜、能源和其他資源)”結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了8月8日是地球生態(tài)超載日，這一日期正變得越來(lái)越早了。文章介紹了人類(lèi)對(duì)地球資源的消耗情況，建議人們從小事做起，減少浪費(fèi)和污染?？芍珼選項(xiàng)“吞噬我們的星球”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。16．C17．A18．F19．E20．B【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要列舉了18歲前要做的50件事中的五件事情。16．根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“I'vebeenamazedhowquicklyI'veimproved!It'sreallysatisfying.I'vebeeninmyownbandforayearnow,andwe'veevenwonafewcompetitions!I'vemadeloadsoffriendsthatway,too.Everyoneyoumeetlikesmusic,soyou'vealreadygotlotstotalkabout.—Kitty,Hull(我驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)我進(jìn)步得如此之快！很令人滿(mǎn)意。我加入自己的樂(lè)隊(duì)已經(jīng)一年了，我們甚至贏得了一些比賽!我也通過(guò)這種方式交了很多朋友。你遇到的每個(gè)人都喜歡音樂(lè)，所以你已經(jīng)有很多話可說(shuō)了——來(lái)自Hull的Kitty)”可知，本段主要描述了Kitty,Hull加入樂(lè)隊(duì)的經(jīng)歷，即是與音樂(lè)相關(guān)的事情。故C選項(xiàng)“你學(xué)過(guò)如何演奏樂(lè)器嗎？”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。17．根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Well,whynot?Badweathermakesussad,butthisisawaytofeelhappyagain.Yes,youdoneedtofeelconfidenttotrythis!Somepeoplehavelaughedatme—it'strue—butmanymorehavejoinedin!—Ben,Penrith(好吧，為什么不呢？壞天氣讓我們難過(guò)，但這是一種重新感到快樂(lè)的方式。是的，你需要有信心去嘗試！有些人嘲笑我——這是真的——但更多的人加入了我的行列！——來(lái)自Penrith的Ben)”可知，本段提到壞天氣是一種重新感到快樂(lè)的方式，可知本段是與天氣有關(guān)的事情，A選項(xiàng)中rain對(duì)應(yīng)后文Badweather。故A選項(xiàng)“你在雨中跳過(guò)舞嗎？”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。18．根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Ican'tbelievetherearepeopleouttherewho'veneverseenthesuncomeup!Youdon'tneedtobeapoetoranartisttofindthatbeautiful.Oh,andthisisanextraidea,butgoswimmingwithdolphins!IdiditlastsummerandnowIcan'tstoptellingeveryonehowamazingitwas.—Lucy,Aberdeen(我真不敢相信有人從來(lái)沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)太陽(yáng)升起！你不需要成為詩(shī)人或藝術(shù)家也能發(fā)現(xiàn)它的美。哦，這是一個(gè)額外的想法，但是去和海豚游泳！我去年夏天就這么做了，現(xiàn)在我忍不住告訴所有人這有多棒?！獊?lái)自Aberdeen的Lucy)”可知，本段提到看日出來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)自然美，故F選項(xiàng)“你感受過(guò)大自然的美嗎？”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。19．根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“YesterdayIhelpedtolookforaman'sdog.Thedaybeforethat,Istoodupwhenanoldladygotonthebus,andIgavehermyseat.Thesepeopleweren'tfriendsorfamily.Theyweresimplypeoplewhoneededhelp.Andhelpingthemmademefeelgreat.Tryit!It'squitesurprising.—Prash,Nottingham(昨天我?guī)鸵粋€(gè)人找狗。在那之前的一天，當(dāng)一個(gè)老太太上車(chē)的時(shí)候，我站了起來(lái)，我給了她我的座位。這些人既不是朋友也不是家人。他們只是一些需要幫助的人。幫助他們讓我感覺(jué)很好。試一試！這很令人驚訝。——來(lái)自Nottingham的Prash)”可知，本段列舉了Prash為一些不認(rèn)識(shí)的人提供幫助，故E選項(xiàng)“你曾經(jīng)為不認(rèn)識(shí)的人做過(guò)好事嗎？”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。20．根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“I'vetriedredgothichairstyle!Ididitinschoolholidays,soteachersdidn'tcomplain.(Warning:makesurethatyourparentsarecoolwiththisfirst!Youdon'twantthemtogocrazy.)Yourcanevenexperimentwithdifferentclothes.It'sgreatfun.(我試過(guò)紅色哥特式發(fā)型！我在學(xué)校放假的時(shí)候就這么做了，所以老師們沒(méi)有抱怨。（警告：首先要確保你的父母同意！你不會(huì)希望他們?yōu)榇税l(fā)瘋的。）你甚至可以嘗試不同的衣服。這是很大的樂(lè)趣)”可知，本段提到改變了頭發(fā)的顏色，B選項(xiàng)中thecolorofyourhair對(duì)應(yīng)后文中redgothichairstyle。故B選項(xiàng)“你改變過(guò)頭發(fā)的顏色嗎？”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。21．B22．C23．C24．B25．D26．A27．D28．D29．B30．D31．B32．B33．A34．C35．B【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，短文敘述了麥迪幫助一個(gè)難過(guò)的小男孩看到他喜歡的大象的故事。21．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一路上的步行和排隊(duì)使他們很累。A.shopping購(gòu)物；B.walking步行；C.sitting坐；D.watching觀看。根據(jù)上文“They'dbeensightseeingnonstopinWashington，D.C.”可知，一路上的步行和排隊(duì)使他們很累。故選B項(xiàng)。22．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：坐下的感覺(jué)真好。A.getup起來(lái)；B.walkaround四處走動(dòng)；C.sitdown坐下；D.runaway逃跑。根據(jù)上文“Maddieandherfathertooktheirseatsinthesubway”可知，坐下的感覺(jué)真好。故選C項(xiàng)。23．考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我想我還是閉上眼睛放松一下，直到我們到站為止。A.when當(dāng)……時(shí)候；B.after之后；C.until直到；D.if如果。根據(jù)句意可知，本句為until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。故選C項(xiàng)。24．考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：在他休息的時(shí)候，麥迪看了看父親的手機(jī)上他拍的照片。A.of…..的；B.at在；C.on在……上；D.in在……里。根據(jù)下文“Shesmiled，___5___

howmuchfunthey'dhad.”可知，麥迪看了看父親的手機(jī)上他拍的照片。lookat“看”。故選B項(xiàng)。25．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她微笑著，回憶起他們一起度過(guò)的快樂(lè)時(shí)光。A.imagining現(xiàn)象；B.expecting期望；C.wondering想知道；D.remembering記得。根據(jù)上文“Shesmiled”可知，她微笑著，回憶起他們一起度過(guò)的快樂(lè)時(shí)光。故選D項(xiàng)。26．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她在瀏覽這些照片時(shí)，她聽(tīng)到身后的小男孩在煩人地嗚咽。A.lookingthrough瀏覽；B.findingout找出，查明；C.pickingup拾起；D.handingout分發(fā)。根據(jù)上文“Maddielookedonherfather'sphone

___4___

thepictureshe'dtaken”可知，當(dāng)她在瀏覽這些照片時(shí)。故選A項(xiàng)。27．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然地鐵很擁擠，但她希望男孩和他的母親能坐在別的地方。A.dirty臟的；B.clean干凈的；C.empty空的；D.crowded擁擠的。根據(jù)下文“shewishedtheboyandhismotherwouldsitsomewhereelse”可知，地鐵很擁擠。故選D項(xiàng)。28．考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：她試著不去注意他，但片刻之后，他發(fā)出一聲尖叫，把父親吵醒了。A.her她；B.us我們；C.you你；D.him他。根據(jù)上文“sheheardthelittleboy”可知，她試著不去注意他。故選D項(xiàng)。29．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她試著不去注意他，但片刻之后，他發(fā)出一聲尖叫，把父親吵醒了。A.alone獨(dú)自的；B.awake醒著的；C.afraid害怕的；D.asleep睡著的。根據(jù)上文“heletoutascream”可知，但片刻之后，他發(fā)出一聲尖叫，把父親吵醒了。故選B項(xiàng)。30．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：男孩的母親把男孩抱在膝上，耐心地?fù)u著他。A.heavily重地；B.angrily生氣地；C.loudly大聲地；D.patiently耐心地。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，母親對(duì)孩子都是有耐心的，何況是在這擁擠的地鐵上。故選D項(xiàng)。31．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：聽(tīng)到這些話，男孩又哭了。A.stories故事；B.words話；C.suggestions建議；D.promises承諾。根據(jù)上文“He'scryingbecausewejustcamefromthezoo，andhedidn'tseehisfavoriteelephanttoday.”可知，聽(tīng)到這些話，男孩又哭了。故選B項(xiàng)。32．考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：“但我現(xiàn)在就想去看Kandula!”男孩抽泣著。A.So所以；B.But但是；C.And和；D.Because因?yàn)椤８鶕?jù)句意可知，上下文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選B項(xiàng)。33．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：突然間，麥迪為這個(gè)男孩感到難過(guò):她知道事情不按你的意愿發(fā)展是多么糟糕。A.sorry難過(guò)的；B.mad瘋狂的；C.surprised驚訝的；D.excited興奮的。根據(jù)下文“sheknewhowawfulitfeltwhenthingsdidn'tgoyourway.”可知，麥迪為這個(gè)男孩感到難過(guò)。故選A項(xiàng)。34．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她搜索了這些照片，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一張父親前一天在動(dòng)物園給!Kandula拍的照片。A.seats座位；B.animals動(dòng)物；C.photos照片；D.phones手機(jī)。根據(jù)上文麥迪看父親手機(jī)里的照片以及下文“foundoneherfatherhadtakenofKandula”可知，她搜索了這些照片。故選C項(xiàng)。35．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：小男孩看了看照片，高興地叫道:“看，媽媽!Kandula!。A.anger憤怒；B.happiness快樂(lè)；C.sadness悲傷；D.care關(guān)心。根據(jù)上文可知，小男孩因?yàn)闆](méi)看到大象而哭泣。根據(jù)下文“Thelittleboylookedatthepictureandthenyelled(大喊)with”可知，小男孩看了看照片，很高興。故選B項(xiàng)。36．him37．from38．natural39．weredestroyed40．quickly41．farmers42．toproduce43．a(chǎn)nd44．hadfound45．more【分析】本篇是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了雜交水稻之父袁隆平為雜交稻所做出的的貢獻(xiàn)。36．考查代詞。句意：人們經(jīng)常稱(chēng)他為雜交水稻之父，因?yàn)樗陔s交水稻上的重要工作改變了世界?？崭裉幾鳌癱all”的賓語(yǔ)，此處應(yīng)用he的賓格形式。故填him。37．考查介詞。句意：1930年出生于北京，1953年畢業(yè)于重慶西南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)。graduatefrom為固定搭配，意為“從……畢業(yè)”。故填from。38．考查形容詞。句意：20世紀(jì)60年代，中國(guó)經(jīng)歷了一些嚴(yán)重的自然災(zāi)害，大量的水稻作物被毀。此處應(yīng)用形容詞修飾名詞disasters。故填natural。39．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：20世紀(jì)60年代，中國(guó)經(jīng)歷了一些嚴(yán)重的自然災(zāi)害，大量的水稻作物被毀。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“Inthe1960s”可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；且ricecrops和destroy是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；又因“ricecrops”是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填weredestroyed。40．考查副詞。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)，中國(guó)的人口增長(zhǎng)非?？?，大米的供應(yīng)還沒(méi)有恢復(fù)。修飾動(dòng)詞growing應(yīng)使用副詞。故填quickly。41．考查名詞。句意：中國(guó)的農(nóng)民發(fā)現(xiàn)很難用現(xiàn)有的大米供應(yīng)養(yǎng)活全國(guó)所有的人。根據(jù)空前的China’s可知，空處應(yīng)使用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，作主語(yǔ)，表泛指。故填farmers。