Unit2單元綜合測(cè)試習(xí)題檢測(cè)

Unit1單元綜合測(cè)試習(xí)題檢測(cè)閱讀理解A（2024·浙江杭州·期末練習(xí)）TherearetwodriveincampgroundsinHawaiiVolcanoesNationalPark,NāmakanipaioandKulanaokuaiki.N?makanipaioN?makanipaioCampgroundisoperatedbyHawaiiVolcanoesLodgepany.Itisalarge,opengrassyareawithtalltrees.Thiscampgroundhasrestrooms,water,picnictablesandbarbequepits.Campfiresarepermittedinthebarbequepitsonly.Maximumstayis7days.Fees:Thereisapaystationonsite.Driveinsites—$15.00pernight.Iftherearemorethantwopeopleinyourparty,youcanexpandtofourpeoplepersitewithanothertent.Weathermaybecoolallyearround.Daytimetemperaturerange:60sto80sF.Nighttimetemperaturerange:30sto50sF.Wesuggestthatyouuseatentwithagoodrainflyandbringwarmclothingforcooldaysandevenings.Reservationsarerequired.KulanaokuaikiKulanaokuaikiCampgroundislocatedaboutfivemilesdowntheHilinaPaliRoad.TheninecampsitesatKulanaokuaikihavepicnictablesandtentpads,andareavailableonafirste,firstservedbasis.ThereisNOWATERatthislocation.Checkouttimeis11:00a.m.Firesareprohibited.Fees:$10.00anightpersite;staylimitofsevenconsecutivedays.$6.00anightpersiteforcamperswhoholdtheInteragencySenior(GoldenAge)andGoldenAccesspasses.Feesmaybepaidatthecampground’sselfregistrationstation.PetsarenotallowedinthecampgroundoranywhereonHilinaPaliRoad.Nighttimetemperaturerange:40sto60sF.Daytimetemperaturerange:60sto80sF.Wesuggestthatyouuseatentwithagoodrainflyandbringwarmclothingforcooldaysandevenings.Reservationsarerequired.1．HowisNāmakanipaioCampgrounddifferentfromKulanaokuaikiCampground?A．Itoffersnowater. B．Itallowsfireinthebarbequepits.C．Itprovidesanuptosevendaystay. D．Ithasanarrowerrangeoftemperature.2．HowmuchshouldyoupayifyoustayatKulanaokuaikiCampgroundforfivenightswithGoldenAccesspasses?A．$80. B．$75. C．$50. D．$30.3．Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Aguidebooktoavolcano. B．Abrochureaboutcampsites.C．AsurveyonHawaiiantourism. D．Auser’sreviewofcampgrounds.【答案】1．B2．D3．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了夏威夷火山公園的兩個(gè)免下車露營地。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)N?makanipaio中“Campfiresarepermittedinthebarbequepitsonly.(營火只允許在燒烤坑內(nèi)被生起)”及Kulanaokuaiki中“Firesareprohibited.(禁止生火)”可知，Nāmakanipaio營地區(qū)別于Kulanaokuaiki的不同之處是Nāmakanipaio允許坑內(nèi)生火，而Kulanaokuaiki不允許生火。故選B。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Kulanaokuaiki下面Fees中“$6.00anightpersiteforcamperswhoholdtheInteragencySenior(GoldenAge)andGoldenAccesspasses.(持有跨機(jī)構(gòu)高級(jí)（黃金時(shí)代）和黃金通道通行證的露營人員每晚6美元)”可知，如果您持黃金通道通行證在Kulanokuaiki露營地住五晚，需要支付6乘以5一共三十美元。故選D。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“TherearetwodriveincampgroundsinHawaiiVolcanoesNationalPark,NāmakanipaioandKulanaokuaiki.(夏威夷火山國家公園有兩個(gè)免下車露營地，Nāmakanipaio和kulanokuaiki)”可知，本文介紹了夏威夷火山國家公園的兩個(gè)免下車露營地，說明了露營要求及費(fèi)用等信息，因此，本文最有可能來自一本關(guān)于露營地的小冊(cè)子。故選B。B（2024·湖北省高中名校聯(lián)盟）Orangechicken,sweetandsourpork,friedrice…MaxBurnslistsseveraltypicalWesternstyleofChinesedishesthatdisappointhim.Fora21yearoldnativeBritishyoungmanwhospenthisfirstthirteenyearsinChina,thosecuisinesarefarfromauthentic,butratheracategorywhichisinventedtocatertoWesternpreferences.WhatalsoupsetsBurnsisthattheviewofChinesefoodhasbeensubsequentlyskewed（扭曲）.QuiteafewWesternersrecognizethatparticulartypeoffareasthewholeofChinesecuisine.“TheyalmosthavenoclueabouttheextentofChinesecuisine,abouthowitvariesbecausepeopleforgethowbigChinais.Itisacountrythathasdesertsfromoneside,junglesandseafromtheotherside.Eachareahasitsuniquestyleofcooking.”hesays.BurnstriestoshowcasetherichnessofdeliciousChinesedishesbyvlogging（拍攝并上傳）aboutmakingChinesedishesathome.“Foodisprobablythemostaccessiblewayforeveryonetolearnanalienculture.”hesays.Sometimes,hisBritishfriendswouldjointohelp.“Andquiteoften,theywereshockedbythediversityofChinesecuisine.They’vehadalongtimetofigureoutthatChinesefoodisjustalotmoreplex.”ThefoodadventurehashelpedBurnsgrowintoaninfluencerwithmorethanthreemillionofsubscribersworldwidetoday.“So,IcandefinitelysaythatI’vechangedsomepeople’sideasaboutChinesefood.”Interestingly,whenBurnsfirststartedvloggingin2016directlyaftermovingbacktoBrighton,EnglandfromBeijing,copyingChinesefoodathomewasathen“stupididea”,asheputsit,becausehewasneversuperintocooking.Atthetime,thevideoscenteredmoreonexplainingaspectsofChineseculture,includingmovies,snacks,restaurantsandmore.Lookingahead,Burnshassomeplansinmind.“IwouldlovetodoatravelfoodshowthroughoutChinaonTV.Also,Iwouldlovetohavemy.ownrestaurantinthefuture.That’sdefinitelygoingtohappen.”4.WhendidMaxBurnsreturntoBrighton,Englandaccordingtothetext?A.Aged13. B.Aged14. C.Aged16. D.Aged21.5.HowdoesMaxBurnschangepeople’swrongattitudetotheChinesecuisines?A.TreatthemtoChinesedishes. B.WritereportsonChinesecuisines.C.CookChinesedishesfortheminperson. D.DisplayauthenticChinesecuisineson.6.Whatisparagraph5ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Burns’sambitions. B.Burns’sachievements.C.Burns’sadventures. D.Burns’ssubscribers.7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.InfluencerDevelopsaTasteforChineseCuisine.B.InfluencerHasDoneWhatHeCnntoChange.C.ChineseCuisinesHavetoCatertoWesterners.D.ChineseCuisinesHaveBeenAroundtheWorld.【B篇大意】本文為記敘文。主題為“人與社會(huì)”。本文講述一些中國菜肴為了迎合西方人的喜好變得遠(yuǎn)非正宗，一個(gè)在中國生活了13年的21歲英國年輕人伯恩斯對(duì)此頗感沮喪，于是他通過視頻（拍攝并上傳）展示在家里做中國菜的豐富美味，迅速改變了一些人對(duì)中國菜肴的誤解。武漢樂學(xué)教育4.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段第二句Fora21yearoldnativeBritishyoungmanwhospenthisfirstthirteenyearsinChina…和第六段第一句Interestingly,whenBurnsfirststartedvloggingin2016directlyaftermovingbacktoBrighton,EnglandfromBeijing…可知答案為B.Aged14.5.D【解析】推理判斷題。由第四段第一句BurnstriestoshowcasetherichnessofdeliciousChinesedishesbyvlogging（拍攝并上傳）aboutmakingChinesedishesathome以及第五段內(nèi)容可推知答案為D.DisplayauthenticChinesecuisinesonline.6.B【解析】大意總結(jié)題。由第五段，尤其是第五段最后一句“So,IcandefinitelysaythatI’vechangedsomepeople’sideasaboutChinesefood.”可知答案為B.Burns’sachievements。7.A【解析】標(biāo)題歸納題。一個(gè)在中國生活了13年的21歲英國年輕人伯恩斯通過視頻（拍攝并上傳）展示在家里做中國菜的豐富美味迅速走紅，并由此快速改變了一些人對(duì)中國菜肴的誤解。故答案為A.InfluencerDevelopsaTasteforChineseCuisine.“網(wǎng)紅提升了（眾人）對(duì)中國菜肴的鑒賞力”。干擾項(xiàng)為B.InfluencerHasDoneWhatHeCantoChange.“為了改變，網(wǎng)紅做了他能做的一切”，這個(gè)句子作為標(biāo)題擴(kuò)大了外延，“為了改變”，改變什么？它絲毫沒有提到文中的關(guān)鍵詞“中國菜肴”。C（2024·山西省省際名校聯(lián)考）Humansspendapproximatelyonethirdoftheirlivessleeping,whichmeansthatbythetimeyoureach15yearsold,youwillhavesleptforabout5years!However,thequestionremains:whydowedoit?Sleephaslongbeenapuzzleforpeople,leadingscientiststoexploreitsmysteries.Theyhavefoundthatduringsleep,ourbrainsandbodiesdonotsimplyshutdown;instead,plexprocessesunfold.Whatcausessleepiness?It’scausedbyourbiologicalclockreleasingaspecialchemicalsignalatthesametimedaily,signalingit’’stimetowinddown.Thefeelingofheavinessesfromthebuildupofoldnervemessengerchemicals.Whenthemessagegetstoomuch,thebrainsensesthatit’stimetosleep.Duringsleep,thebodybreaksdownandclearsawaytheseoldmessengers,preparingforafreshstart.Asyouslipintosleep,yourheartandbreathingslowdown,andyourbrainignoresthemostsoundsandsurroundingsaroundyou.Despiteappearances,yourbrainremainsactiveduringsleep,performingessentialtasks.Throughoutthenight,youcyclethroughlight,deep,andREM(rapideyemovement)sleepstagesevery90minutes.Earlyon,slowwavesleepistheprimarystage,aidinginbraincleaning,whiletowardsmorning,REMsleepincreases,leadingtovividdreams.Duringsleep,yourbodyrepairsandgrows,creatingnewskin,muscle,andothertissueswithreleasedchemicals.It’salsoatimeforhormone(荷爾蒙)production,aidinggrowth,andboostingtheimmune(免疫)systemtofightinfections.Scientistsstillhavemanyquestionsaboutsleep,suchaswhysomepeopleneedmoresleepthanothersandhowcertainanimalscanfunctionwithlesssleep.Theyaimtofindwaystoimprovesleepquality.However,onethingisclear:gettingenoughsleepisvitalforhealthandintelligence.Thinkofsleepasafreemagicpotionthatstrengthensyou,aidsgrowth,boostsimmunity,andenhancesintelligence,happiness,andcreativity.Simplyliedownandresttoenjoythesebenefits.8.Whatinferencecanbedrawnfromscientists’findingsaboutsleep?A.Sleepservesnopurpose. B.Sleephasfundamentalprocesses.C.Sleepinvolvesplexprocesses. D.Sleephasminimalimpactonbrainfunction.9.Whatistheprimaryfunctionofthebody’s“biologicalclock“?A.Determiningthebesttimeforsleep.B.Controllingchemicalswithinthebody.C.Managingeatinganddigestionpatterns.D.Regulatingdaytimeandnighttimeactivities.10.Whatisthemainfocusofthethirdparagraph?A.Describingthedifferentstagesandfunctionsofsleep.B.Discussingthebenefitsofdaytimeactivitiesforoverallhealth.C.Exploringtheeffectsofinadequatesleeponthebodyandmind.D.Analyzingtheimpactofstressontheimmunesystemduringsleep.11.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthestructureofthepassage?A.Narrativeofpersonalsleepexperiences.B.parisonofhumanandanimalsleeppatterns.C.Imaginarystoriesillustratingtheadvantagesofsleep.D.Explanationofsleepimportance,withbodyprocessesdescribed.【答案】8.C9.A10.A11.D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章解釋了睡眠的重要性并對(duì)睡眠過程進(jìn)行了描述?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Theyhavefoundthatduringsleep,ourbrainsandbodiesdonotsimplyshutdown;instead,plexprocessesunfold.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在睡眠期間，我們的大腦和身體并不是簡(jiǎn)單地停止工作；相反，復(fù)雜的過程展開了)”可推知，從科學(xué)家關(guān)于睡眠的發(fā)現(xiàn)中可以得出睡眠涉及復(fù)雜的過程。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“It’scausedbyourbiologicalclockreleasingaspecialchemicalsignalatthesametimedaily,signalingit’stimetowinddown.Thefeelingofheavinessesfromthebuildupofoldnervemessengerchemicals.Whenthemessagegetstoomuch,thebrainsensesthatit’stimetosleep.(它是由我們的生物鐘每天在同一時(shí)間釋放一種特殊的化學(xué)信號(hào)引起的，表明是時(shí)候放松了。這種沉重的感覺來自于舊的神經(jīng)信使化學(xué)物質(zhì)的積累。當(dāng)信息太多時(shí)，大腦就會(huì)覺得是時(shí)候睡覺了)”可知，生物鐘的主要功能是確定最佳睡眠時(shí)間。故選A?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Asyouslipintosleep,yourheartandbreathingslowdown,andyourbrainignoresthemostsoundsandsurroundingsaroundyou.Despiteappearances,yourbrainremainsactiveduringsleep,performingessentialtasks.Throughoutthenight,youcyclethroughlight,deep,andREM(rapideyemovement)sleepstagesevery90minutes.Earlyon,slowwavesleepistheprimarystage,aidinginbraincleaning,whiletowardsmorning,REMsleepincreases,leadingtovividdreams.Duringsleep,yourbodyrepairsandgrows,creatingnewskin,muscle,andothertissueswithreleasedchemicals.It’salsoatimeforhormone(荷爾蒙)production,aidinggrowth,andboostingtheimmune(免疫)systemtofightinfections.(當(dāng)你進(jìn)入睡眠時(shí)，你的心臟和呼吸都會(huì)減慢，你的大腦會(huì)忽略你周圍的大多數(shù)聲音和環(huán)境。盡管表面上看，你的大腦在睡眠時(shí)仍然保持活躍，執(zhí)行重要的任務(wù)。整個(gè)晚上，你每90分鐘就會(huì)經(jīng)歷淺睡眠、深度睡眠和快速眼動(dòng)睡眠階段。早期，慢波睡眠是初級(jí)階段，有助于大腦清潔，而到了早晨，快速眼動(dòng)睡眠增加，導(dǎo)致生動(dòng)的夢(mèng)。在睡眠期間，你的身體修復(fù)和生長(zhǎng)，產(chǎn)生新的皮膚、肌肉和其他組織，釋放出化學(xué)物質(zhì)。這也是荷爾蒙分泌、促進(jìn)生長(zhǎng)、增強(qiáng)免疫系統(tǒng)對(duì)抗感染的時(shí)候)”可知，第三段主要描述了睡眠的不同階段和功能。故選A。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“However,thequestionremains:whydowedoit?(然而，問題仍然存在：我們?yōu)槭裁匆@樣做？)”和文章第二段“Whatcausessleepiness?(什么引起了睡眠？)”可推知，文章解釋了睡眠的重要性并對(duì)睡眠過程進(jìn)行了描述。故選D。D（2024·新局中創(chuàng)新聯(lián)盟TOP二十名校）Scoreanotheroneforartificialintelligence(AI).Inarecentstudy,151humanparticipantspetedagainstChatGPT4inthreetestsdesignedtomeasuredivergent（發(fā)散的）thinking,whichisconsideredtobeanindicatorofcreativethought.InthestudypublishedinScientificReportsandauthoredbyPh.D.studentsKentF.HubertandKimN.AwafromtheUniversityofArkansas,GPT4providedmoreoriginalanddetailedanswersthanthehumanparticipants.ThethreetestsemployedweretheAlternativeUseTask,whichasksparticipantstoeupwithcreativeusesforeverydayobjectslikearopeorafork;theConsequencesTask,whichinvitesparticipantstoimaginepossibleoutesofhypothetical（假設(shè)的）situations,like"Whatifhumansnolongerneededsleep?";andtheDivergentAssociationsTask,whichasksparticipantstogenerate10nounsthatareassemantically（語義地）distantaspossible.Answerswereevaluatedintermsofthenumberofresponses,lengthofresponseandsemanticdifferencebetweenwords.Ultimately,theresearchersfoundthatoverall,GPT4wasmoreoriginalanddetailedthanhumansoneachofthedivergentthinkingtasks.Inotherwords,GPT4demonstratedhighercreativepotentialintasksrequiringdivergentthinking.Thisfindingdoesewithsomewarnings.Theresearchersstate,"Itisimportanttonotethatthemeasuresusedinthisstudyareallmeasuresofcreativepotential,buttheinvolvementincreativeactivitiesorachievementsisanotheraspectofmeasuringaperson'screativity."Thepurposeofthestudywastoexaminehumanlevelcreativepotential,notnecessarilypeoplewhomayhaveestablishedcreativecertifications.Whetherthetestsareperfectmeasuresofhumancreativepotentialisnotreallythepoint.Thepointisthatlargelanguagemodelsarerapidlyprogressingandoutperforminghumansinwaystheyhavenotbefore.Whethertheyareathreattoreplacehumancreativityremainstobeseen.Fornow,theresearcherscontinuetosee"Movingforward,futurepossibilitiesofAIactingasatoolofinspirationandanaidinaperson'screativeprocessarepromising".12.Whatcanbelearnedaboutcreativethought?A.Itisrelatedtodivergentthinking. B.ItisbadlyneededinChatGPT4.C.Itisgeneratedthroughstandardizedtests. D.Itissomethingonlyhumanshave.13.WhichofthefollowingisanAlternativeUseTask?A.Whatareallthethingsyoucanthinkofthatareblue?B.Listallthewordsyoucanassociatewiththeterm"water".C.Nameasmanyusesforashoeotherthanwearingitonyourfoot.D.Whatwouldhappenifallthetreesintheworldsuddenlydisappeared?14.Whydidtheresearchersconductthestudy?A.Topromotethedevelopmentoflanguages.B.Toassessthecreativepotentialofhumans.C.Topresentcreativecertificationstoitsparticipants.D.Tounderstandthemachinelevelcreativepotential.15.Whatistheresearchers'attitudetowardsAIhelpingpeopleincreativeprocess?A.Uncaring. B.Unclear. C.Optimistic. D.Doubtful.【答案】12.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Inarecentstudy...tomeasuredivergent（發(fā)散的）thinking,whichisconsideredtobeanindicatorofcreativethought.”可知，創(chuàng)造性思維與發(fā)散性思維相關(guān)。13.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“ThethreetestsemployedweretheAlternativeUseTask,whichasksparticipantstoeupwithcreativeusesforeverydayobjectslikearopeorafork;”可推斷，“說出鞋子除了可以穿在腳上，還有哪些其他的用途”屬于該類任務(wù)。14.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Thepurposeofthestudywastoexaminehumanlevelcreativepotential,notnecessarilypeoplewhomayhaveestablishedcreativecertifications.”可知，研究的目的是評(píng)估人類的創(chuàng)造潛力。15.C觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段“Fornow,theresearcherscontinuetosee'Movingforward,futurepossibilitiesofAIactingasatoolofinspirationandanaidinaperson'screativeprocessarepromising'.”可推斷，研究者對(duì)于人工智能在創(chuàng)造的過程中幫助人類持“樂觀的”態(tài)度。二、七選五（2024·河南省三門峽部分名校）SickAbsenceEmailtoProfessorStudentsoftenhavetomisstheirclassesduetomanyreasons.____16____Ifyouwanttowriteaperfectemailtoyourprofessor,makesurethatyoudon’tmissoutonreadingthefollowingtips.Don’twritetoolongemail.Youremailshouldnotincludelengthydetailsregardingyourillness.Beforeyouwritethisletter,assumethattheprofessordoesn’thavemuchtimetoreadlongemails.____17____Youshouldlearntheartofwritingasmallemailandconveyingthewholemessage.Ifyoucannotdothis,gethelpfromasampleemail.____18____Whenyouknowthatgivingtoomuchexplanationcanmakeyourprofessorfeelthatyouaretryingtoescapefromthesituation,don’tdothat.Simplystatethereasonforbeingabsentandmoveon.Admityourmistake.Evenifyouhaveagenuinereasonfornotattendingthelecture,youshouldbeapologeticfornotshowingup.____19____Giveevidence.Itisawellknownfactthatwheneveryouwanttouseyoursicknessasareason,youwillberequiredtoprovideamedicalcertificate.____20____Sampleemail:To:…Subject:Sickabsenceemailfor...Respectedsir/madam.ThisemailisbeingwrittentoyoutoletyouknowthatIwasunabletoattendclassesduetoillness.Myabsenceperiodwasofoneweekstartingfrom5thOct.2023to12Oct.2023.Withwarmregards,SignaturesA.Don’tgiveexcuses.B.Sendyouremailinadvance.C.Don’tforgettoattachamedicalcertificatewiththeemail.D.Inadditiontoit,theemailshouldnotonlybeshortbutalsoplete.E.Makeyourprofessorfeelthatyouareregretfulandthatyouneverwanttodothat.F.So,theyshouldmunicatewiththeirprofessortoinformhim/heraboutthereason.G.Thisemailisalsoamunicatingmodethatquicklysendsthemessageofthestudent.【答案】16.F17.D18.A19.E20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講了寫病假條的幾個(gè)小建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Studentsoftenhavetomisstheirclassesduetomanyreasons.(由于許多原因，學(xué)生經(jīng)常不得不缺課)”以及后文“Ifyouwanttowriteaperfectemailtoyourprofessor,makesurethatyoudon’tmissoutonreadingthefollowingtips.(如果你想給你的教授寫一封完美的電子郵件，確保你沒有錯(cuò)過下面的建議)”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，指出請(qǐng)假的問題。故F選項(xiàng)“因此，他們應(yīng)該與教授溝通，告訴他/她原因”符合語境，故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Beforeyouwritethisletter,assumethattheprofessordoesn’thavemuchtimetoreadlongemails.(在你寫這封信之前，假設(shè)教授沒有太多時(shí)間閱讀冗長(zhǎng)的電子郵件)”以及后文“Youshouldlearntheartofwritingasmallemailandconveyingthewholemessage.(你應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)寫一封簡(jiǎn)短的電子郵件并傳達(dá)整個(gè)信息的藝術(shù))”可知，上文提到教授沒有時(shí)間閱讀冗長(zhǎng)的電子郵件，可知電子郵件應(yīng)該簡(jiǎn)短。故D選項(xiàng)“除此之外，電子郵件不僅要簡(jiǎn)短而且要完整”符合語境，故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Whenyouknowthatgivingtoomuchexplanationcanmakeyourprofessorfeelthatyouaretryingtoescapefromthesituation,don’tdothat.Simplystatethereasonforbeingabsentandmoveon.(當(dāng)你知道做太多的解釋會(huì)讓教授覺得你在試圖逃避這種情況時(shí)，不要這樣做。簡(jiǎn)單地說明缺席的原因，然后繼續(xù)前進(jìn))”可知，本段講的是不要讓你的教授覺得你在試圖逃避問題，故A選項(xiàng)“不要找借口”符合語境，故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Admityourmistake.Evenifyouhaveagenuinereasonfornotattendingthelecture,youshouldbeapologeticfornotshowingup.(承認(rèn)你的錯(cuò)誤。即使你有真正的理由不參加講座，你也應(yīng)該為沒有出席而道歉)”可知，本句主要說明為自己的缺席而道歉。故E選項(xiàng)“讓你的教授覺得你很后悔，你從來不想那樣做”符合語境，故選E。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Giveevidence.Itisawellknownfactthatwheneveryouwanttouseyoursicknessasareason,youwillberequiredtoprovideamedicalcertificate.(提供證據(jù)。眾所周知，當(dāng)你想以生病為理由時(shí)，你將被要求提供一份醫(yī)療證明)”可知，本句主要囑咐不要忘記在郵件里附上醫(yī)療證明。故C選項(xiàng)“別忘了在郵件里附上醫(yī)療證明”符合語境，故選C。三、完形填空（2024·河南省商丘市部分名校）In2012,LauraEshelmanmanwasinthemiddleofamentalunsettlement.Shewashaving____21____infindingwork.“IwasleavingadowntownbusinesswhereIhadanotherjobapplication____22____.Iwasfeelingpretty____23____anddecidedtogototheWholeFoodsacrossthestreet,”Eshelmanrecalled.Asshecrossedthestreet,Eshelman____24____amanaskingformoneyonthecorner.Buthewas____25____bypassersby.AsEshelman____26____,heturnedtoher,andaskedifhecouldhavealittlebitofmoney.Shewas____27____andsaid:“Leavemealone.Idon’thaveanythingtogiveyou.Getaway!”Eshelman____28____intothegrocerystore.Butsuddenlysherealizedhow____29____shehadbeentotheman.Eshelmanrushedoutsidetofindhim.Sheapologizedand____30____somecoinsfromthebottomofher____31____.Asshe____32____himthechange,themansaid,“It’sOK.Everything____33____willdisappear.”Andallofasudden,shefeltlikesomebodywasseeingher____34____,andshestartedtocry.“Thatmomentonthestreetwasoneofthefew____35____inthatextremelydarkperiodofmylife,”Eshelmanlatersaid.21.A.fun B.trouble C.experience D.luck22.A.rejected B.submitted C.displayed D.followed23.A.relaxed B.awkward C.nervous D.depressed24.A.remembered B.guided C.spotted D.forted25.A.ignored B.touched C.rewarded D.cheated26.A.hesitated B.waited C.escaped D.approached27.A.active B.impatient C.anxious D.desperate28.A.slid B.struggled C.got D.looked29.A.helpful B.rude C.strict D.particular30.A.setaside B.putaway C.dugout D.usedup31.A.heart B.pocket C.store D.drawer32.A.handed B.lent C.returned D.awarded33.A.dangerous B.normal C.unpractical D.unpleasant34.A.pain B.choice C.effort D.privilege35.A.instants B.chances C.differences D.flashes【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.A26.D27.B28.C29.B30.C31.B32.A33.D34.A35.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。這篇文章主要講述了LauraEshelman在經(jīng)歷了一段精神困擾和求職困難后，在街頭偶遇一個(gè)乞討者并與其發(fā)生互動(dòng)，最終從對(duì)方的話中得到慰藉的故事?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她找工作遇到了困難。A.fun樂趣；B.trouble麻煩；C.experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)；D.luck好運(yùn)。根據(jù)前文“In2012,LauraEshelmanmanwasinthemiddleofamentalunsettlement.”可知，Laura精神不安，所以應(yīng)是找工作遇到了困難。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我正要離開一家市中心的公司，在那里我又被拒絕了一份工作。A.rejected拒絕；B.submitted提交；C.displayed顯示；D.followed跟隨。根據(jù)前文“Shewashaving1infindingwork.”可知，Laura找工作遇到了困難，所以是工作申請(qǐng)被拒絕了。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我感到非常沮喪，于是決定去街對(duì)面的全食超市。A.relaxed輕松的；B.awkward令人尷尬的；C.nervous緊張的；D.depressed沮喪的。根據(jù)前文“IwasleavingadowntownbusinesswhereIhadanotherjobapplication2.”可知，作者又一次被拒絕了工作申請(qǐng)，所以是感到沮喪的。故選D項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她穿過街道時(shí)，Eshelman看到一個(gè)男人在街角要錢。A.remembered記得；B.guided指導(dǎo)；C.spotted看見；D.forted安慰。根據(jù)后文“amanaskingtormoneyonthecorner”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，應(yīng)是看到一個(gè)男人在街角要錢。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但沒有路人理睬他。A.ignored忽視；B.touched感動(dòng)；C.rewarded獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；D.cheated作弊。根據(jù)前文“amanaskingtormoneyonthecorner”以及but表轉(zhuǎn)折可知，應(yīng)是沒人理他，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Eshelman走近她時(shí)，他轉(zhuǎn)向她，輕聲問她能不能給他一點(diǎn)錢。A.hesitated猶豫；B.waited等待；C.escaped逃跑；D.approached接近。根據(jù)后文“heturnedtoher,andaskedifhecouldhavealittlebitofmoney”可知，應(yīng)是Eshelman走近她時(shí)，他向Eshelman乞討。故選D項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她不耐煩地說：“別煩我。我沒有東西給你。走開！”A.active積極的；B.impatient不耐煩的；C.anxious焦慮的；D.desperate不惜冒險(xiǎn)的。根據(jù)后文“Leavemealone.Idon’thaveanythingtogiveyou.Getaway!”可知，Eshelman是不耐煩的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Eshelman走進(jìn)雜貨店。A.slid滑行；B.struggled努力；C.got進(jìn)入；D.looked看。根據(jù)后文“Eshelmanrushedoutsidetofindhim.”可知，Eshelman沖了出來，所以此處應(yīng)是走進(jìn)雜貨店。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但她突然意識(shí)到自己對(duì)那個(gè)男人是多么粗魯。A.helpful有幫助的；B.rude粗魯?shù)?；C.strict嚴(yán)格的；D.particular特別的。根據(jù)前文“Leavemealone.Idon’thaveanythingtogiveyou.Getaway!”可知，Eshelman對(duì)男人的很粗魯。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。她道了歉，然后從口袋底部掏出一些硬幣。A.setaside放在一邊；B.putaway收起；C.dugout翻出；D.usedup耗盡。根據(jù)后文“somecoins”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，應(yīng)是從口袋里掏出一些硬幣。故選C項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.heart心臟；B.pocket口袋；C.store商店；D.drawer抽屜。根據(jù)前文“Sheapologizedand10somecoins”結(jié)合實(shí)際可知，應(yīng)是從口袋里掏出一些硬幣。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她把零錢遞給他時(shí)，那人說：“沒關(guān)系。一切不愉快的事情都會(huì)消失。”A.handed遞；B.lent借給；C.returned返回；D.awarded授予。根據(jù)上文“Sheapologizedand10somecoinsfromthebottomofher11.”可知，Eshelman掏出一些硬幣應(yīng)是給這個(gè)男人，表達(dá)歉意。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她把零錢遞給他時(shí)，那人說：“沒關(guān)系。一切不愉快的事情都會(huì)消失?！盇.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；B.normal正常的；C.unpractical不切實(shí)際的；D.unpleasant不愉快的。根據(jù)前文內(nèi)容可知，Eshelman找工作不順利，日子過得不愉快，然后當(dāng)這個(gè)男人向她乞討時(shí)，她態(tài)度粗魯，也會(huì)讓這個(gè)男人不愉快，所以此處應(yīng)是表達(dá)“一切不愉快的事情都會(huì)消失”之意。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：突然間，她覺得有人看到了她的痛苦，于是她哭了起來。A.pain痛苦；B.choice選擇；C.effort努力；D.privilege特權(quán)。根據(jù)前文“It’sOK.Everything13willdisappear.”可知，男人說一切不愉快的事情都會(huì)消失，這句活說到了Eshelman的痛處，她因?yàn)檎夜ぷ鞯氖拢^得不愉快，感覺有人看到了她的痛苦。故選A項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“在街上的那一刻是我生命中極其黑暗的時(shí)期中為數(shù)不多的閃光之一，”Eshelman后來說。A.instants瞬間；B.chances機(jī)會(huì)；C.differences不同；D.flashes光芒。根據(jù)前文“shefeltlikesomebodywasseeingher14,andshestartedtocry.”以及后文“inthatextremelydarkperiodofmylife”可知，有人理解了她的痛苦，應(yīng)是她生命中極其黑暗的時(shí)期中為數(shù)不多的閃光之一。故選D項(xiàng)。語法填空（2024·河北省邢臺(tái)市邢臺(tái)市名校聯(lián)盟）閱讀短文，在空白處填人1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Chineseancientarchitectureisatreasureofculturalheritage,reflectingChina’srichhistoryanduniqueculturalidentity.Withahistory____36____(date)backthousandsofyears,ithasevolvedanddiversifiedtobeeoneofthemostdistinctivestylesintheworld.Chineseancientarchitectureischaracterizedbyitsuseofnaturalmaterialssuchaswood,brick,andstone,inconjunctionwithfancycarvingsanddecorativedetails.Bridges,tombs,temples,andtowersaresomeofthekey____37____(feature)ofChineseancientarchitecture____38____havestoodthetestoftime.OneofthemosticonicexamplesofChineseancientarchitectureistheForbiddenCityinBeijing.ConstructionoftheForbiddenCitybeganin1406andtookoveradecade____39____(plete).Itserved____40____theroyalpalaceoftheMingandQingdynastiesandisnowapopulartouristattraction.TheForbiddenCityisknownfortheharmonyofitsdesign.InsouthernChina,thericeterraces(梯田)are____41____uniqueexampleofChineseancientarchitecture.____42____(carve)outofthemountainsovercenturies,theseterracesprovideaplexsystemforirrigationandcultivation.ThericeterracesarenotonlyacrucialpartofChineseagriculturalhistorybutalsoamasterpieceofengineeringandgeometry.Chineseancientarchitecturehashadaprofoundinfluenceonthe____43____(globe)architecture,andmanyelementsanddesigns____44____(adopt)andadaptedindifferentpartsoftheworldeversince.Today,Chinesericharchitecturalheritagegains_____45_____(recognize)worldwide,beingareminderofChina’srichculturalhistory.【答案】36.dating37.features38.that/which39.toplete40.as41.a42.Carved43.global44.havebeenadopted45.recognition【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國古建筑的歷史和重要價(jià)值?！?6題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：它的歷史可以追溯到幾千年前，它已經(jīng)發(fā)展和多樣化，成為世界上最獨(dú)特的風(fēng)格之一。此處date與history為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)。故填dating?！?7題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：橋、墓、廟和塔是中國古代建筑的一些重要特征，它們經(jīng)受住了時(shí)間的考驗(yàn)。feature為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)上文someof可知為復(fù)數(shù)。故填features?！?8題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：橋、墓、廟和塔是中國古代建筑的一些重要特征，它們經(jīng)受住了時(shí)間的考驗(yàn)。定語從句修飾先行詞Bridges,tombs,temples,andtowers，在從句作主語，指物。故填that/which?！?9題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：紫禁城始建于1406年，歷時(shí)十多年才建成。短語take+一段時(shí)間+todo表示“花費(fèi)時(shí)間……”。故填toplete?！?0題詳解】考查介詞。句意：它曾是明清兩朝的皇宮，現(xiàn)在是一個(gè)受歡迎的旅游景點(diǎn)。短語serveas表示“作為”。故填as?！?1題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：在中國南方，梯田是中國古代建筑的獨(dú)特范例。此處example為泛指，且unique是發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭的單詞。故填a?！?2題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：經(jīng)過幾個(gè)世紀(jì)的雕刻，這些梯田為灌溉和種植提供了一個(gè)復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)。此處carve與terraces構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作狀語，首字母大寫。故填Carved?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：中國古代建筑對(duì)全球建筑產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響，許多元素和設(shè)計(jì)被世界各地采用和改編。修飾名詞architecture應(yīng)用形容詞global，作定語。故填global?！?4題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：中國古代建筑對(duì)全球建筑產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響，許多元素和設(shè)計(jì)被世界各地采用和改編。主語manyelementsanddesigns與謂語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)后文eversince可知為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，助動(dòng)詞用have。故填havebeenadopted?！?5題詳解】考查名詞。句意：今天，中國豐富的建筑遺產(chǎn)得到了全世界的認(rèn)可，成為中國豐富文化歷史的一個(gè)提醒。作動(dòng)詞的賓語，用名詞recognition，不可數(shù)。故填recognition。五、應(yīng)用文寫作46．（2024·三湘名校教育聯(lián)盟）假定你是李華，是學(xué)校英語社(EnglishAssociation)的社長(zhǎng)，開學(xué)之初，英語社準(zhǔn)備招募新社員，請(qǐng)寫一則通知。內(nèi)容包括：1.社團(tuán)招新的要求；2.報(bào)名時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。參考詞匯：applicationform申請(qǐng)表Notice________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________