七年級英語上冊第04講 可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞（原卷版）

第04講可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞模塊一思維導圖串知識模塊二基礎(chǔ)知識全梳理（吃透教材）模塊三教材習題學解題模塊四核心考點精準練模塊五小試牛刀過關(guān)測1．可數(shù)名詞變復數(shù)2．不可數(shù)名詞的量一、可數(shù)名詞變復數(shù)1．規(guī)則變化分類構(gòu)成方法讀音例詞一般情況加-s讀/s/或讀/z/book bagpet boy以sshxch結(jié)尾加-es讀/iz/bus brushbox watch以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾變y為i加-es讀/z/familystrawberry以o結(jié)尾有生命加-es無生命加-s讀/z/Potato herophoto zoo以f或fe結(jié)尾變f或fe為v再加-es讀/z/thief leafwife knife2．例外情況1)以ch結(jié)尾加s的英語單詞：stomach—stomachs2)以f結(jié)尾直接加s的英語單詞：roof—roofs gulf—gulfsbelief—beliefsstaff—staffs chief—chiefs proof—proofs3)以f結(jié)尾兩種變法都可的單詞：scarf—scarfs/scarvesdwarf—dwarfs/dwarveshandkerchief—handkerchiefs/handkerchieves3．不規(guī)則變化1)單復數(shù)相同 sheepdeerfish2)a變成e manwomanEnglishman Frenchman3)oo變成ee foottoothgoose4)中日不變英法變，其余s加后邊；German德國人，其復數(shù)形式為Germans5)特殊變化child—childrenox—oxenmouse—mice4．三個注意1．英語中一些由兩個部分組成的物體名詞通常是以-s結(jié)尾，如：pants，trousers，shorts，shoes，scissors，glasses等。這一類名詞，如果不帶單位詞，通常用做復數(shù)；Hisnewpantsareblackandwhite．如果帶有單位詞，則需要根據(jù)單位詞判定單復。Thispairofpantsischeap.Twopairsofpantsareenough．2．“形復意單”—雖有s但不是復數(shù):physics，maths，politics，athletics，economics，news3.由兩個名詞組成的復合名詞，復數(shù)時作為定語的那個名詞通常都用單數(shù)形式，第二個名詞用復數(shù)形式，以man或woman為前綴的名詞變復數(shù)時，前后兩個名詞都變成復數(shù)。如：aboystudent→threeboystudentsawomanteacher→twowomenteachers二、不可數(shù)名詞含義：不可數(shù)名詞表示無法分清個體的名詞，主要為物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞。物質(zhì)名詞：液體類：juice，water，beer，coffee…粉末類：powder，flour，sugar，salt…食物類：rice，bread，junkfood，butter，chocolate…肉類：beef，pork，chicken，mutton…抽象名詞：information，money，work，advice，friendship，help，fun，health，furniture，jewelry，wealth，time…不可數(shù)名詞的特點：1．前面不可以直接加不定冠詞a/an2．不可數(shù)名詞永遠按單數(shù)處理Waterisveryimportantforpeople．Timeismoney．3．當時間、金錢、距離或距離做主語時，后面動詞用單數(shù)形式Fourkilometersisalongway．4．不可數(shù)名詞也有量的表達:數(shù)詞/冠詞+量詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞①個數(shù)：piece（張、片、塊、條）apieceofapplepie②容量：cup，bottle，bag，box，buckettwocupsofteathreeboxesofmilkfourbucketsofwater四桶水③類別：kind allkindsofbread④度量：kilo（千克，公斤）twokilosofoil1．（21-22七年級上·江蘇·期末）There’snothinginthefridge.Weneedtobuysome________andtwo________forsuppertoday.A．tomatoes;kilosofmeats B．tomato;kilosofmeatC．tomato;kilosofmeats D．tomatoes;kilosofmeat2．（20-21七年級下·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·單元測試）Inautumntherearealotof_______ontheground.A．leaf B．leafs C．leaves D．leafves3．（20-21七年級上·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·單元測試）Therearesome________inthebox.A．radioes B．photoes C．potatoes D．tomatos4．（23-24七年級上·甘肅武威·期末）Some________areonthetable.A．bananas B．meat C．a(chǎn)pple D．egg5．（23-24七年級上·江西新余·期末）Forlunch,Cindyhassome________and________.A．chicken;carrot B．chickens;carrotC．chicken;carrots D．chickens;carrots6．（22-23七年級下·安徽合肥·期中）Iwant________rice.A．five B．fivekilo C．fivekilos D．fivekilosof7．（23-24七年級上·山東青島·期末）Idon’tlikehamburgersor________.Fruitand________aremyfavoritefood.A．chickens;vegetable B．chickens;vegetablesC．chicken;vegetable D．chicken;vegetables8．（22-23七年級下·新疆烏魯木齊·期末）Mymotherhadalittle________thismorning.A．tomatoes B．noodles C．rice D．potato9．（22-23七年級上·重慶南川·期末）—Mom,Iwantsomethingtoeatanddrink.Pleasebuymetwo________andabottleof________.—Allright.A．bread,juices B．hamburgers,milk C．fish,drinks D．chickens,milk10．（22-23七年級上·河北邢臺·期末）—WhatcanIdoforyou?—Yes.Iwouldlike________and________.A．twokiloofpears,threebottlesofmilk B．twokilosofpear,threebottlesofmilksC．twokilosofpears,threebottlesofmilk D．twokilosofpears,threebottleofmilk1._________2._________3._________4._________5._________6._________7._________8._________9._________考點一可數(shù)名詞變復數(shù)11．（2024七年級上·全國·專題練習）Thoseyouadmireverymucharecalled(hero).12．（2024七年級上·全國·專題練習）Therearemany(tree)inmyschool.13．（22-23七年級下·江蘇南京·期末）Thefilmshowsusatruestorythathappenedthree(century)ago.14．（23-24七年級上·江蘇南京·期末）It’sgettingcold.Iwouldliketobuytwo(scarf)formyparents.15．（22-23七年級下·江蘇淮安·期中）—Whoseflowersarethose?—They’reforthese(policeman).16．（22-23七年級上·江蘇淮安·期末）Childrenshouldbrushtheir(tooth)twiceaday.17．（22-23七年級下·江蘇泰州·階段練習）(postman)inChinausuallyweargreenuniformsandridegreenbikes.18．（22-23七年級上·全國·課時練習）Therearemany(sheep)onthehill.19．（2024七年級上·福建·專題練習）WangYapingsetsagoodexampleforall(woman)whodreamofgoingintospace.20．（22-23七年級上·云南保山·期末）Alotofcameoutandlookedforfoodlastnight.(mouse)考點二不可數(shù)名詞的量21．（21-22七年級上·江蘇泰州·期中）It’sapitythatstudentsdon’thaveenoughtimetodomuch(exercise).22．（23-24七年級下·全國·課后作業(yè)）We’dlikethree(glass)of(milk).23．（23-24七年級上·山東濟南·期末）Iamhungry.Pleasegetsome(chicken)forme.24．（23-24七年級上·全國·隨堂練習）—Howmuch(milk)doyouneed?—Weneedtwocups.25．（21-22七年級上·天津北辰·期中）Ieatsome(beef)forbreakfast.26．（22-23七年級下·山東濟寧·單元測試）Canyougivemesome(paper)?27．（23-24七年級上·全國·課時練習）—Wouldyoulikesome(fish)and(chicken)?—No,somevegetables,please.28．（22-23七年級下·全國·課時練習）Theybuytwo(kilo)ofmeat.29．（22-23七年級上·全國·課時練習）Howmany(bottle)of(milk)doyouneed?30．（22-23七年級上·全國·單元測試）Thereisalotof(food)inthefridge.31．（22-23七年級下·江蘇連云港·期中）Chinesepeopleseldomuseforksand(刀)tohavemeals.32．（23-24七年級上·江蘇蘇州·期末）My（愛好）arereadingnovelsandlisteningtomusic.33．（23-24七年級上·江蘇鹽城·期末）PeterandIhavethesamehobby.Webothlikecollecting.(郵票）34．（22-23七年級上·江蘇揚州·期末）Theonthetablelooksobeautiful.(錢包)35．（22-23七年級上·江蘇無錫·期末）Areyousurethereareno(生命)onthemoon?36．（22-23七年級上·江蘇宿遷·期末）Havingtoomuch(糖)isnotgoodforourteeth.37．（22-23七年級上·江蘇·期末）Weoftendosomeafter-school(活動)tokeepou