Unit6課時3Grammar（學(xué)生版）九年級英語全一冊講義（人教版）

Unit6Whenwasitinvented？目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航Grammar一般過去時被動語態(tài)知識精講知識精講知識點01概念及句型概念:表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，主語是動作的承受者。

【句型剖析】1.肯定句:主語+was/were+及物動詞的過去分詞+其他。

Hewaschosentoworkforthevillage.他被選上為這個村莊工作。

【即學(xué)即練】Tocelebratethe100thbirthdayofthemunistPartyofChina,aspeechpetition________inourschoolonJuly23rd,2021.A．holds B．held C．isheld D．washeld2.否定句:主語+was/were+not+及物動詞的過去分詞十其他。

Hewasn'tchosentoworkforthevillage.他沒有被選上為這個村莊工作。

【即學(xué)即練】—DidJacketoyourbirthdaypartyyesterday?—No,he________.A．hasn’tinvited B．didn’tinviteC．isn’tinvited D．wasn’tinvited3.一般疑問句:Was/Were+主語+及物動詞的過去分詞+其他?

肯定回答:Yes,主語+was/were.

否定回答:No,主語+was/were+not.

—Washechosentoworkforthevillage?他被選上為這個村莊工作了嗎?

—Yes,hewas./No,hewasn't.是的,他被選上了。/不,他沒被選上。

【即學(xué)即練】—___________theseputer____________intheUSA?—Yes,theywere.A．Did;make B．Did;weremade C．Were;made D．Are;make4.特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+was/were+主語+及物動詞的過去分詞+其他?

Whenwasthepicturetaken?這張照片是什么時候拍的?

【即學(xué)即練】When

________

thePeople’sRepublicofChina

________?A．was;found B．was;foundedC．did;found D．does;found知識點02被動語態(tài)中助動詞be的用法概念:被動語態(tài)中助動詞be的用法【句型剖析】被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。助動詞be在句中必須與主語的人稱和數(shù)保持一致，且各種時態(tài)也體現(xiàn)在助動詞be上。如：一般現(xiàn)在時用is/am/are+過去分詞；一般過去時用was/were+過去分詞；一般將來時用will+be+過去分詞；現(xiàn)在完成時用has/have+been+過去分詞；過去完成時用had+been+動詞的過去分詞；現(xiàn)在進行時用am/is/are+being+過去分詞；過去進行時用was/were+being+過去分詞等共十種時態(tài)。但沒有完成進行時和將來進行時。有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)由“情態(tài)動詞＋be＋過去分詞”構(gòu)成。例如：1.Brucewritesalettereveryweek.（主動語態(tài)）AletteriswrittenbyBruceeveryweek.（被動語態(tài)）2.Tombrokethewindows.（主動語態(tài)）ThewindowswerebrokenbyTom.（被動語態(tài)）3.WehavestudiedEnglishfor3years.（主動語態(tài)）Englishhasbeenstudiedfor3years.（被動語態(tài)）4.Youmustlockthedoorwhenyouleave.（主動語態(tài)）Thedoormustbelockedwhenyouleave.（被動語態(tài)）【即學(xué)即練】1.Wheneveryouwanttogiveup,justthinkaboutyourfamilyandfriends,thenyou________tofighton.A．encourage B．a(chǎn)reencouraged C．haveencouraged2.Therubbish________fromthegrass,andthentheparkwascleanagain.A．removed B．isremoved C．wasremoved D．willberemoved3.Amodemmuseum________inthetownnextyear.A．isbuilt B．wasbuilt C．willbebuilt D．hasbeenbuilt4.Sofar,newenergyautomobiles(汽車)________bymoreandmorepeopleinourcity.A．willuse B．willbeused C．haveused D．havebeenused知識點03帶雙賓語的動詞變被動語態(tài)【句型剖析】帶雙賓語的動詞變被動語態(tài)帶雙賓語的動詞，如give,send,buy,leave,lend,offer,pay,teach,tell,make,pass,sell,show,borrow等，變被動語態(tài)時，一般將間接賓語(指人)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語，把直接賓語(指物)保留下來，也可把直接賓語(指物)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語，把間接賓語留在后面，但要在間接賓語前加介詞to或for，到底用to還是for，與前面所搭配的動詞有關(guān)。1.Jackgavehersomemoney.（主動語態(tài)）ShewasgivensomemoneybyJack.（被動語態(tài)）SomemoneywasgiventoherbyJack.（被動語態(tài)）2.Heshowedmehispictures.Iwasshownhispicturesbyhim.Hispictureswereshowntomebyhim.3.Mymothermademeabigcake.Iwasmadeabigcakebymymother.Abigcakewasmadeformebymymother.【即學(xué)即練】1.ORBISusestheplaneasateachingplane.(改為同義句)Theplaneis________________ateachingplanebyORBIS.2.Moreandmorepeoplevisittheoldtownwithalonghistoryeveryyear.(改為被動語態(tài))Theoldtownwithalonghistory________________bymoreandmorepeopleeveryyear.3.Theteachersinthekindergartencreatedasongaboutthenewyear.（改為被動語態(tài)）Asongaboutthenewyear________________bytheteachersinthekindergarten.4.Theforestfiredestroyedthewholevillage.(改為被動語態(tài))Thewholevillage________________bytheforestfire.知識點04接不定式作賓語補足語的動詞變被動語態(tài)【句型剖析】接不定式作賓語補足語的動詞變被動語態(tài)帶不定式作賓語補足語的動詞在改為被動語態(tài)時，其后的不定式一律不能省略to。特別是使役動詞have,make以及感官動詞see,watch,notice,lookat,listento,hear,feel,observe等后面跟不定式作賓語補足語時，在主動語態(tài)中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，要加上省掉的to。例如：1.IsawTomentertheroom.Tomwasseentoentertheroombyme.2.Thebossmadethelittleboydoheavywork.Thelittleboywasmadetodoheavyworkbytheboss.【即學(xué)即練】1.PeoplewillmovethecontentsofStephenHawking’sofficetotheScienceMuseuminLondon.(改為被動語態(tài))ThecontentsofStephenHawking’sofficewill____________totheScienceMuseuminLondon.2.Thevolunteerssentsomefoodtotheelderlypeoplelivingalonelastnight.（改為被動語態(tài)）Somefood________

________totheelderlypeoplelivingalonebythevolunteerslastnight.3.Thedoctorgavetheoldmansomemedicineforhiscough.

(改為被動語態(tài)）Somemedicine______________totheoldmanforhiscough.4.ColetteoncechoseHepburntoactasaleadroleinhiswork.（改為被動語態(tài)）Hepburn________once________toactasaleadrolebyColetteinhiswork.5.Thedetectivedealswiththecasescarefully.(改為被動語態(tài)）Thecases________________withcarefullybythedetective.能力拓展能力拓展考法01不用被動語態(tài)的情況（一）表示“發(fā)生、進行”的不及物動詞和短語，如：happen,last,takeplace,breakout,eout,eabout,etrue,runout,giveout,turnout等以主動形式表示被動意義。例如：1.Greatchangeshavetakenplacehere.2.Theaccidenthappenedlastweek.（二）系動詞如get,turn,seem,feel,sound,taste,look,feel等沒有被動語態(tài)也不能用被動語態(tài)。例如：1.Theseorangestastenice.

2.Thisshirtfeelsmuchsofterthanthatone.

（三）英語中有很多動詞如break,catch,clean,drive,lock,open,sell,read,write,wash等，當(dāng)它們形式上主動，含有被動意思，往往表示主語本身性質(zhì)，而且主語應(yīng)該是物。例如：1.Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.2.Thisbookreadswell.（四）在need，want，require,和beworth等詞的后面跟動名詞形式，用主動形式表示被動。例如：1.Thebookisworthreading.2.Thehouseneedsrepairing.(=Thehouseneedstoberepaired.)分層提分分層提分題組A基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練1．（2020·北京·中考真題）Thekite________inChinamorethan2000yearsago.A．invents B．invented C．isinvented D．wasinvented2．（2018·北京·中考真題）Anewinternationalairportinthecitynextyear.A．pletes B．ispletedC．willplete D．willbepleted3．（2020·江蘇南通·中考真題）Assoonasbooks________,thevolunteerspostedthemtothestudentsinHopePrimarySchool.A．a(chǎn)reraised B．wereraised C．raised D．haveraised4．（2021·黑龍江大慶·中考真題）It________100yearssincethemunistParty________.A．was;wasfounded B．hasbeen;wasfoundedC．hasbeen;founded D．was;founded5．（2021·江西·中考真題）ThemandidagreatjobinfightingCOVID19.He________onTVandbeesveryknown.A．interviewed B．hasinterviewed C．wasinterviewed D．willbeinterviewed6．（2021·江蘇蘇州·中考真題）Nowteenagers________todovoluntaryworkfortheirlocalmodities.A．a(chǎn)reencouraged B．wereencouraged C．haveencouraged D．a(chǎn)reencouraging7．（2020·天津·中考真題）Thatmachineisbroken.It________tomorrow.A．repaired B．wasrepaired C．willrepair D．willberepaired8．（2020·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·中考真題）Mymother__________readingbooksathome__________invitedtodinnersattimes.A．preferred;tobeing B．preferredto;ratherthanC．preferred;thanbeing D．preferred;tobe9．（2020·河北·中考真題）Trainticketsonline.Itisconvenient.A．sold B．weresold C．a(chǎn)resold D．havesold10．（2021·四川成都·中考真題）TheParty’s100thbirthday________onJuly1stthisyearinourcountry.A．willbecelebrated B．hasbeencelebrated C．willcelebrate題組B能力提升練11．（2020·山東濟南·中考真題）Theywillannouncetheresultofthesingingpetitionthisafternoon.（改寫句子，句意不變）Theresultofthesingingpetitionwill____________bythemthisafternoon.12．（2021·上?！ぶ锌颊骖}）DoctorWuMengchaosavedalotofpatients’lives.

（改為被動語態(tài)）Alotofpatients’lives________________byDoctorWuMengchao.13．（2020·四川達州·中考真題）Chinesedoctorssavedmanypatientsallovertheworld.（改為被動語態(tài)）Manypatientsallovertheworld__________________byChinesedoctors.14．（2021·甘肅天水·中考真題）Finally,thepoliceofficercaughtthethief.（改為被動語態(tài)）Finally,thethief_____________________bythepoliceofficer.15．（2021·黑龍江牡丹江·中考真題）Iheardagirlsinginthenextroom.(改為被動語態(tài))Agirl__________heard_________singinthenextroom.16．（2020·黑龍江牡丹江·中考真題）DidyougivebackyourbooktothelibrarylastFriday?(改為被動語態(tài))______yourbook______backtothelibrarylastFriday?17．（2020·甘肅金昌·中考真題）I'vefinishedreadingabook.ThebookwaswrittenbyO·Henry.（合并為一句）I'vefinishedreadingabook__________writtenbyO·Henry.18．（2020·甘肅天水·中考真題）Wewillsolvetheproblemintwoweeks.(改為被動語態(tài))Theproblemwill________byusintwoweeks.19．（2022·黑龍江黑龍江·中考真題）Herepairedtheoldbikelastweek.(改為被動語態(tài))Theoldbike___________________byhimlastweek.20．（2018·貴州貴州·中考真題）Hismothermadeabigcakeforhisbirthday.(改為被動語態(tài))Abigcake___________________byhismotherforhisbirthday.題組C培優(yōu)拔尖練21．Aselfdrivingcarkilledawomanasshewalkedherbicycleacrossastreet.(改為被動語態(tài)）Awoman

____________________byaselfdrivingcarasshewalkedherbicycleacrossastreet.22．2DoctorSeusswrotemanypopularchildren’sbooksinthe20thcentury.(改為被動語態(tài))Manypopularchildren’sbooks______________byDoctorSeussinthe20thcentury.23．Ourteacherwarnedusnottotouchthechemicalsinthelab.(改為被動語態(tài))We____________________nottotouchthechemicalsinthelab.24．Farmersinthatvillagegrewdifferentkindsoffruitsforalivingyearsago.(改為被動語態(tài))Differentkindsoffruits_______________byfarmersinthatvillageforalivingyearsago.25．Accordingtotheinstructionsign,wecan'twashthiscoatinwarmwater(改為被動語態(tài))Accordingtotheinstructionsign,thiscoatcan't________________inwarmwater.26．PeopleheldthefirstOlympicGamestohonourtheGreekGod,Zeus.(改為被動語態(tài)）ThefirstOlympicGames______