福建省南平市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1福建省南平市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthemanlookingfor?A.Hismobilephone.B.Hispen.C.Hisschoolbag.2.Whatexamwillthemantakethisafternoon?A.German.B.French.C.English.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anelectrictoothbrush.B.Theman’stoothache.C.Adentist.4.WhenwillthewomanarriveinBeijing?A.At9:00a.m.B.At7:00p.m.C.At9:00p.m.5.Whatdoesthemanexpecttodo?A.Borrowacar.B.Visithisfamily.C.Goonatour.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話成獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6、7題。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Classmates.C.Bossandemployee.7.Whydoesthewomanapologizetotheman?A.Sheforgothisname.B.Shewaslateforschool.C.Shemissedthefirstclass.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第8至10題。8.Whoisthemanprobablytalkingto?A.Abankclerk.B.Apasser-by.C.Abusdriver.9.Whichbusshouldthemantake?A.BusNo.8.B.BusNo.15.C.BusNo.18.10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atthebusstation.B.OnYorkRoad.C.IntheCentralBank.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第11至13題。11.Howdoesthewomandealwithheroldclothes?A.Throwthemaway.B.Donatethemtothepoor.C.Putthemintotherecyclingbin.12.Whenwasthelasttimethewomanboughtnewfurniture?A.Whenshemovedhere.B.Whenshehadababy.C.Whenshegotmarried.13.HowoldisMarynow?A.12.B.13.C.14.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第14至17題。14.Whydosomepeoplefeellonelywhenthey’resurroundedbypeople?A.Theyseparatethemselves.B.Theyhavesocialawkwardness.C.Theylackmeaningfulconnections.15.Whatdoesthewomanthinkisthefirststeptodealwithloneliness?A.Meetingnewpeople.B.Enjoyingbeingalone.C.Identifyingthereasons.16.Howlongdoesittakethemantowritehisjournalnow?A.20minutes.B.30minutes.C.60minutes.17.Whatdoesthewomanliketodomosttodealwithloneliness?A.Readfavoritenovels.B.Thinkdeeplyandquietly.C.Gettogetherwithherfamily.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第18至20題。18.Whatinspiredthespeakertocreatethistour?A.Amovie.B.Afriend’spost.C.Afriend’ssuggestion.19.Whatdoestheticketpricedependon?A.Thetypeofbags.B.Thetimeofthetour.C.Thelocationoftheseats.20.Whydoeswhitenoisemakeiteasierforpeopletofallasleep?A.Itslowsthebraindown.B.Itcoversannoyingsounds.C.Itcomfortspeople’semotions.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWelcometoGemini,anadvancedapplicationthatleadstheartofAIpaintingandportraiture!WecombineAItechnologywitharttoprovideyouwithanextraordinarycreativeexperience.Whetheryou’reanartist,photographer,orjustsomeonewholovescreating,Geminiwillbeyourcreativepartner.FeatureHighlights:1.AIpaintingtools:LetAIbecomeyourcreativepartner.UseGemini’sAIpaintingtoolstoeasilycreatefascinatingworksofart.Chooseastyle,color,theme,andletthemagicofAIbegin!2.AIphotoediting:Gemini’sAIphotoeditingfunctioncanmakeyourphotosmoreeye-catching.Beautify,filter(濾鏡),styleswitch-allinoneclicktobringyourphotostolife.3.CreativeToolbox:Exploreawealthofcreativetools,includingbrushes,coloradjustments,layermanagement,andmore,tolaunchyourcreativity,whetheryou’reabeginneroraprofessional.4.Multi-platformsharing:Shareyourartworkwiththeworld,oruseitasasocialmediacover,wallpaperorbusinesscardbackground.5.Privacyandsecurity:Wevalueyourprivacy.Yourartworkisonlystoredonyourdeviceandisnotuploadedtothecloudorthird-partyservers.Geminiisanappdesignedforcreators,artists,andartloverstoofferendlesscreativepossibilities.Releaseyourcreativityandturnordinaryphotosintomasterpieces(杰作),orexplorenewareasofpaintingwiththepowerofAI.Otherinformation:SupportURL:/Category:UtilitiesE-mail:geminisupport@Size:99.3MBLanguage:EnglishAgeRating:4+Price:Free1.WhatisGemini?A.AfreeAIchattingtool. B.Anadvancedcamera.C.Aneye-catchingproject. D.AnAI-basedapplication.2.WhichisthecharacteristicofGemini?A.Helpingmakeartworks. B.Designinganonlineplatform.C.Creatingindividualcourses. D.Uploadingpicturestothecloud.3.WhoisGeminiintendedfor?A.Workingpartners. B.Childrenofallages.C.Applicationdesigners. D.Painterslovingcreating.【答案】1.D2.A3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了一款基于人工智能并且專為創(chuàng)作者、藝術(shù)家和藝術(shù)愛(ài)好者設(shè)計(jì)的應(yīng)用程序。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段“WelcometoGemini,anadvancedapplicationthatleadstheartofAIpaintingandportraiture!WecombineAItechnologywitharttoprovideyouwithanextraordinarycreativeexperience.(歡迎來(lái)到Gemini，一個(gè)引領(lǐng)人工智能繪畫和肖像畫藝術(shù)的高級(jí)應(yīng)用程序！我們將人工智能技術(shù)與藝術(shù)相結(jié)合，為您提供非凡的創(chuàng)作體驗(yàn)。)”最后一段講到“Geminiisanappdesignedforcreators,artists,andartloverstoofferendlesscreativepossibilities.(Gemini是一款專為創(chuàng)作者、藝術(shù)家和藝術(shù)愛(ài)好者設(shè)計(jì)的應(yīng)用程序，旨在提供無(wú)盡的創(chuàng)作可能性。)”可知，Gemini是基于人工智能的應(yīng)用程序。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章FeatureHighlights第一條講到“UseGemini’sAIpaintingtoolstoeasilycreatefascinatingworksofart.Chooseastyle,color,theme,andletthemagicofAIbegin!(使用Gemini的人工智能繪畫工具，輕松創(chuàng)作引人入勝的藝術(shù)品。選擇風(fēng)格、顏色、主題，讓人工智能的魔力開始吧！)”可知，Gemini的特點(diǎn)是幫助制作藝術(shù)品。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章最后一段講到“Geminiisanappdesignedforcreators,artists,andartloverstoofferendlesscreativepossibilities.(Gemini是一款專為創(chuàng)作者、藝術(shù)家和藝術(shù)愛(ài)好者設(shè)計(jì)的應(yīng)用程序，旨在提供無(wú)盡的創(chuàng)作可能性。)”，可知，Gemini是為喜愛(ài)創(chuàng)作的畫家設(shè)計(jì)的。故選D。BIt’spossiblethatChrisRavenistheonlypersonintheUKmakingbaroqueflutes(長(zhǎng)笛).Butfarfromhavingalifetimeofmakinginstrumentsbehindhim,hestartedoutat70,afterdecadesworkinginIT.Heturns80inamonth.Yet,inchildhood,helovedwoodwork.Ashesays:“Youcanplantaseedinachild’smind.Andtheseedstays.”Ravengrewupinamusicalhousehold,inChelmsford,Essex.Ravenplayedthefluteuntilhelostinterestasateenager.Butherediscoveredhisloveoftheinstrumentinhis40swhenhewonlessonsathisdaughter’sschoolfundraiser.Twentyyearsago,hefoundedaflutechoir.Itwasafterhismotherdiedthathefoundhisoldschoolreportsinhisparents’desk.Butwhenhereadhisoldreportshewastakenaback:“ThetwosubjectsthatIdidconsistentlywellat-whichnobodyseemedtospotatthetime-weremusicandwoodwork.”hesays.“ImadestuffasachildandIwasgoodatit.”Ratherthanfeelingmindedtolookbackandwonderifhemighthavemadedifferentcareerdecisions,Raven’sdiscoverywasmoreacaseofhimnoticinghisgift,hesays.About10yearsago,RavensignedupforanIrishflute-makingworkshop,followedbyabaroqueflute-makingworkshop.Heclearedoutthegarageofthehome,andequippeditwithvarioustoolstomakeflutes.Hischildhoodpassion“wasrevived”inbaroqueflutesandfluteboxes.“It’sbeenall-consuming,”hesays.Hespendsatleastfourdaysaweek“onmyownintheworkshop”.“Flutemaking,andboxmaking,isnotalivingsomuchasahobby,”saysRaven.“Ifeelrealpassionandmorecreationaboutanewdesign.”4.HowlonghasRavenbeenaflutemaker?A.Forhiswholelife. B.Sincetenyearsago.C.Sincehischildhood. D.Forseveraldecades.5.HowdidRaven’soldschoolreportsinfluencehim?A.Theyawokehishiddentalent. B.Theyledhimtoawrongcareer.C.Theybroughtbackoldmemories. D.TheymadehimfeelMom’slove.6.WhatcanbeinferredaboutRavenfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Hefeelsstuckinhiscareer. B.HeworksforanIrishworkshop.C.Hegetssomehelpersinhiswork. D.Heuniteshistwopassionsafter70.7.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.APopularFluteMaker B.Raven’sLifelongHobbiesC.ANewStartafterRetirement D.Music-Raven’sChildhoodLove【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述80歲的拉文在70歲的時(shí)候開始重新喜歡上了長(zhǎng)笛制作和盒子制作?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“It’spossiblethatChrisRavenistheonlypersonintheUKmakingbaroqueflutes(長(zhǎng)笛).Butfarfromhavingalifetimeofmakinginstrumentsbehindhim,hestartedoutat70,afterdecadesworkinginIT.Heturns80inamonth.(克里斯·拉文可能是英國(guó)唯一一個(gè)制作巴洛克長(zhǎng)笛的人。但在IT行業(yè)工作了幾十年后，他從70歲開始工作，一個(gè)月后就滿80歲了)”可知，拉文是從10年前，即70歲的時(shí)候，開始制作巴洛克長(zhǎng)笛的。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Itwasafterhismotherdiedthathefoundhisoldschoolreportsinhisparents’desk.Butwhenhereadhisoldreportshewastakenaback:“ThetwosubjectsthatIdidconsistentlywellat-whichnobodyseemedtospotatthetime-weremusicandwoodwork.”hesays.“ImadestuffasachildandIwasgoodatit.”Ratherthanfeelingmindedtolookbackandwonderifhemighthavemadedifferentcareerdecisions,Raven’sdiscoverywasmoreacaseofhimnoticinghisgift,hesays.(在他母親去世后，他在父母的桌子上發(fā)現(xiàn)了他的舊成績(jī)單。但當(dāng)他讀到以前的成績(jī)單時(shí)，他大吃一驚：“我一直做得很好的兩個(gè)科目是音樂(lè)和木制品，當(dāng)時(shí)似乎沒(méi)有人發(fā)現(xiàn)?！彼f(shuō)?！拔倚r(shí)候就做過(guò)東西，而且我很擅長(zhǎng)?！彼f(shuō)，拉文的發(fā)現(xiàn)更多的是因?yàn)樗⒁獾搅俗约旱奶熨x，而不是想回過(guò)頭來(lái)思考自己是否做出了不同的職業(yè)決定)”可知，拉文以前學(xué)校的成績(jī)單喚醒了他隱藏的天賦。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“About10yearsago,RavensignedupforanIrishflute-makingworkshop,followedbyabaroqueflute-makingworkshop.Heclearedoutthegarageofthehome,andequippeditwithvarioustoolstomakeflutes.Hischildhoodpassion“wasrevived”inbaroqueflutesandfluteboxes.(大約10年前，Raven報(bào)名參加了愛(ài)爾蘭長(zhǎng)笛制作工作室，隨后又參加了巴洛克長(zhǎng)笛制作工作室。他清理了家里的車庫(kù)，并為它配備了各種制作長(zhǎng)笛的工具。他的童年激情在巴洛克長(zhǎng)笛和長(zhǎng)笛盒中“復(fù)活”了)”和最后一段““It’sbeenall-consuming,”hesays.Hespendsatleastfourdaysaweek“onmyownintheworkshop”.“Flutemaking,andboxmaking,isnotalivingsomuchasahobby,”saysRaven.“Ifeelrealpassionandmorecreationaboutanewdesign.”(“這一切都很消耗，”他說(shuō)。他每周至少有四天是“我一個(gè)人在車間里”度過(guò)的。拉文說(shuō)：“長(zhǎng)笛制作和盒子制作與其說(shuō)是一種生活，不如說(shuō)是一項(xiàng)愛(ài)好。我對(duì)一個(gè)新的設(shè)計(jì)感到真正的激情和更多的創(chuàng)造力?！?”可推知，拉文在10年前也就是70歲的時(shí)候，他將對(duì)長(zhǎng)笛制作和盒子制作兩種激情結(jié)合在一起。故選D?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“It’spossiblethatChrisRavenistheonlypersonintheUKmakingbaroqueflutes(長(zhǎng)笛).Butfarfromhavingalifetimeofmakinginstrumentsbehindhim,hestartedoutat70,afterdecadesworkinginIT.Heturns80inamonth.(克里斯·拉文可能是英國(guó)唯一一個(gè)制作巴洛克長(zhǎng)笛的人。但在IT行業(yè)工作了幾十年后，他從70歲開始工作，一個(gè)月后就滿80歲了)”可知，這篇文章主要講述80歲的拉文在70歲的時(shí)候開始重新喜歡上了長(zhǎng)笛制作和盒子制作。由此可知，C選項(xiàng)“退休后的新開始”適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選C。CGroupofstudentsisaimingtobecomethefirstnon-government,non-commercialteamtosendarockettospace.Theteam’sAurorarocket,settolaunchfromCaliforniathismonth,isdesignedtoreachatopspeedofMach5.2andbreakthroughEarth’satmosphere.Ifsuccessful,itwillbethesecondstudent-ledteamtoreachspace,andthefirsttodoitwithareusablerocket.TheKarmanSpaceProgramme(KSP)wasfoundedbystudents.Theydesignedthecraft,whichconsistsoftwoseparatestages,eachwithitsownenginefuelled(提供燃料)byliquidoxygenandethanol.Eachstagewillfireforjustover20seconds,andtherocketwillbetravellingat5522kilometresanhouratitspeakspeed.About100secondsafterlaunch,itwillreachitshighestpointandthenshouldbeginfallingbacktoEarthforasoftlandingbyparachute(降落傘).KSP’schairman,ShapolM.saystheKSPmissionwillusemulti-stageliquidengineslikecommerciallaunchers,recoverallsectionsoftherocketandcould,intheory,beturnedaroundforasecondlaunchwithin24hours.TheteamisplanningtolaunchAurorafromasiteintheMojavedesertinCaliforniaon24September.“LaunchingoutsidetheUKisahugepain,butthereisn’taplacerightnowtolaunchuptothesealtitudesintheUK.It’sarealshame,”saysShapol.Shapolsaysitishardtopredictwhatwillhappenatlaunch,butpreparationshaveincludedtestsofmanycomponents.Theteam’spreviousrocketsincludeVega,poweredbythesameengineasAurora’ssecondstage.“We’vetriedtofailasmuchaspossiblebefore,sothatwedon’tfailonthebigone,”saysShapol.8.What’sspecialaboutAurorarocket?A.Itcanberecycled. B.Itisthefastestintheworld.C.Itisquiteprofitable. D.Itbelongstothegovernment.9.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thechallengeinrocketdesign. B.TheKSP’snewmission.C.Theexpectedprocessofthelaunch. D.Thefirststudents’spaceshot.10.WhatcanwelearnfromShapol’swordsinparagraph3?A.Itisratherdifficulttolaunchtherocket.B.LaunchingoutsidetheUKisunacceptable.C.Thelaunchhastobecarriedoutinthedesert.D.ThereisnosuitablesiteforthislaunchintheUK.11.What’sShapol’sattitudetothelaunch?A.Objective. B.Optimistic. C.Critical. D.Doubtful.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要介紹了一個(gè)由學(xué)生領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的團(tuán)隊(duì)計(jì)劃向太空發(fā)射非政府、非商業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)的極光火箭?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ifsuccessful,itwillbethesecondstudent-ledteamtoreachspace,andthefirsttodoitwithareusablerocket.(如果成功，這將是第二個(gè)由學(xué)生領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的團(tuán)隊(duì)到達(dá)太空，也是第一個(gè)使用可重復(fù)使用的火箭到達(dá)太空的團(tuán)隊(duì)。)”可知，極光火箭的特別之處是它可以回收利用。故選A?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“TheKarmanSpaceProgramme(KSP)wasfoundedbystudents.Theydesignedthecraft,whichconsistsoftwoseparatestages,eachwithitsownenginefuelled(提供燃料)byliquidoxygenandethanol.Eachstagewillfireforjustover20seconds,andtherocketwillbetravellingat5522kilometresanhouratitspeakspeed.(卡門太空計(jì)劃是由學(xué)生創(chuàng)建的。他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)了這艘飛船，它由兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的階段組成，每個(gè)階段都有自己的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，由液氧和乙醇提供燃料。每一級(jí)將點(diǎn)火20秒多一點(diǎn)，火箭將以每小時(shí)5522公里的最高速度運(yùn)行。)”可知，第二段主要是關(guān)于發(fā)射的預(yù)期過(guò)程。故選C?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“LaunchingoutsidetheUKisahugepain,butthereisn’taplacerightnowtolaunchuptothesealtitudesintheUK.It’sarealshame(在英國(guó)境外發(fā)射是一個(gè)巨大的痛苦，但目前在英國(guó)沒(méi)有一個(gè)地方可以發(fā)射到這樣的高度。這真是一種恥辱)”可知，從第三段沙波爾的話中我們能了解到在英國(guó)沒(méi)有合適的發(fā)射地點(diǎn)。故選D?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“We’vetriedtofailasmuchaspossiblebefore,sothatwedon’tfailonthebigone(我們以前曾試圖盡可能多地失敗，這樣我們就不會(huì)在大的失敗上失敗。)”可知，沙波爾對(duì)發(fā)射的態(tài)度是樂(lè)觀的。故選B。DIt’soneofHollywood’sfavoritestories:humanbeingsuseonly10percentoftheirbrain,andawakeningtheremaining90percentallowsotherwiseordinaryhumanbeingstodisplayextraordinarymentalabilities.ScarlettJohanssonbecomesasuperpoweredKongfumasterinLucy(2014).AndinLimitless(2011)BradleyCooperwritesanovelovernight.Butthetruthisthatweuseallofourbrainallofthetime.Howdoweknow?Foronething,ifweneededonly10percentofourbrain,themajorityofbraininjurieswouldhavenoobviousconsequences,sincethedamagewouldaffectpartsofthebrainthatweren’tdoinganythingtobeginwith.Wealsoknowthatnaturalselectiondiscouragesthedevelopmentofuselessstructures.Tougherimmunesystems,strongermuscles,betterlookinghair—justaboutanythingwouldbemoreusefulthanhavingaheadfullofuselesstissue.We’vebeenabletobackuptheselogicalconclusionswithhardevidence.Imagingtechniquesallowdoctorsandscientiststomapbrainactivityinrealtime.Thedataclearlyshowsthatlargeareasofthebrain—farmorethan10percent—areusedforallsortsofactivity,fromseeminglysimpletaskslikerestingorlookingatpicturestomorecomplexoneslikereadingordoingmath.Sohowdidwecometobelievethat90percentofourbrainisuseless?Themythisoftenincorrectlyattributedto(歸因于)19th-centurypsychologistWilliamJames,whoproposedthatmostofourmentalpotentialgoesuntapped.Buthenevermadeclearapercentage.Inreality,theconceptmostlikelycamefromtheAmericanself-helpindustry.Obviously,thisisbadnewsforanyonehopingtofindthesecrettobecomingageniusovernight.Thegoodnews,though,isthathardworkstillworks.Thereisplentyofreasontobelievethatyoucanbuildbrainpowerbyregularlyworkingatchallengingmentaltasks,suchasplayingamusicalinstrument,doingarithmetic,orreadinganovel.12.Whatdoestheauthoragreewith?A.Hollywood’ssuperstarsarepopular. B.Humansemployallourbrain.C.Only10percentofhumanbrainisused. D.90percenthumansareordinary.13.Howdoestheauthordevelophisargument?A.Bytellingstories. B.Bymakingcomparison.C.Byreasoninglogically. D.Byexplainingconcepts.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“myth”inparagraph4mean?A.Commonsense. B.Wrongidea. C.Accurateanswer. D.Abstracttheory.15.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdo?A.Workhardconstantly. B.Believeinthemselves.C.Facechallengesbravely. D.Findthesecrettosuccess.【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述人類一直在使用我們所有的大腦?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Butthetruthisthatweuseallofourbrainallofthetime.(但事實(shí)是，我們一直在使用我們所有的大腦)”可知，人類一直在使用我們所有的大腦。故選B?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Howdoweknow?Foronething,ifweneededonly10percentofourbrain,themajorityofbraininjurieswouldhavenoobviousconsequences,sincethedamagewouldaffectpartsofthebrainthatweren’tdoinganythingtobeginwith.Wealsoknowthatnaturalselectiondiscouragesthedevelopmentofuselessstructures.Tougherimmunesystems,strongermuscles,betterlookinghair—justaboutanythingwouldbemoreusefulthanhavingaheadfullofuselesstissue.(我們?cè)趺粗?？首先，如果我們只需?0%的大腦，大多數(shù)腦損傷都不會(huì)有明顯的后果，因?yàn)閾p傷會(huì)影響大腦中一開始什么都不做的部分。我們也知道，自然選擇阻礙無(wú)用結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展。更堅(jiān)韌的免疫系統(tǒng)、更強(qiáng)壯的肌肉、更好看的頭發(fā)——幾乎任何東西都比腦袋里塞滿無(wú)用的組織更有用)”可知，作者是通過(guò)邏輯推理來(lái)展開他的論點(diǎn)的。故選C?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段“Sohowdidwecometobelievethat90percentofourbrainisuseless?Themythisoftenincorrectlyattributedto(歸因于)19th-centurypsychologistWilliamJames,whoproposedthatmostofourmentalpotentialgoesuntapped.Buthenevermadeclearapercentage.Inreality,theconceptmostlikelycamefromtheAmericanself-helpindustry.(那么，我們是如何相信我們大腦的90%是無(wú)用的呢？這個(gè)myth經(jīng)常被錯(cuò)誤地歸因于19世紀(jì)的心理學(xué)家威廉·詹姆斯，他認(rèn)為我們的大部分心理潛力都沒(méi)有得到開發(fā)。但他從未明確表示百分比。事實(shí)上，這個(gè)概念很可能來(lái)自美國(guó)的自助行業(yè))”可知，這里的是指“我們相信我們大腦的90%是無(wú)用的”這件事，而這樣的描述是錯(cuò)誤的，所以myth的意思應(yīng)該是“錯(cuò)誤的觀點(diǎn)”，和選項(xiàng)B意思一致。故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Obviously,thisisbadnewsforanyonehopingtofindthesecrettobecomingageniusovernight.Thegoodnews,though,isthathardworkstillworks.Thereisplentyofreasontobelievethatyoucanbuildbrainpowerbyregularlyworkingatchallengingmentaltasks,suchasplayingamusicalinstrument,doingarithmetic,orreadinganovel.(顯然，對(duì)于那些希望在一夜之間找到成為天才的秘訣的人來(lái)說(shuō)，這是個(gè)壞消息。不過(guò)，好消息是，努力工作仍然有效。有很多理由相信，你可以通過(guò)經(jīng)常從事具有挑戰(zhàn)性的腦力工作來(lái)培養(yǎng)腦力，比如演奏樂(lè)器、算術(shù)或讀小說(shuō))”可知，作者建議人們要從事具有挑戰(zhàn)性的腦力工作來(lái)培養(yǎng)腦力。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ThebestwaytofindyourpurposeatanyageHaveyoubeenfeelingstuckorunsatisfiedlately?Ifso,itmaybebecauseyouhaven’tfoundyourlife’spurpose,whichcanhelpguideyoutowardthepersonyouwanttobe.____16____Afterall,itcanchangeovertime.Checkouttheseeasyandefficientwaystofindyourpurposeinlifeandbetteryourself.Tryingnewthingscanhelpyouunderstandwhatbringsyoujoy.____17____Perhapsyoulikesinging,beinginnature,cooking,workingout,writing,orperformingwellatwork.Thethingsyoulovetodoareyourpassions.Diving(浸入)headfirstintohobbiesorotherthingsyouenjoycanhelpyoufindmeaninginlife.Puttingyourselfouttherecanhelpyoufindapurposeinlife.Thinkaboutyourinterestsandthenjoinasocialcluborcausesurroundingthatactivityorthing.Forinstance,ifyou’reananimallover,considerjoiningacausetoprotectforests.____18____Readingisagreatwaytodiscovermoreaboutyourself.Readingcanalsohelpyouexploreyourcuriositiesandlearnnewthings.Studiesalsoshowthatreadingimprovescreativeandcriticalthinkingskills.____19____Whoknows?Youmayresonate(共鳴)withacharacter’sdriveandfindyourownpurposewithinthepages.____20____Everyonewalksindifferentshoes.So,lookforopportunitiesinyourcommunitytolendahandtothem,whichcanbenefityourself.Performingactsofkindnessalsocanhelpyoupracticegratitudeanddiscoverwhatyouwantmostinlife.A.Askyourselfquestions.B.So,pickupabookanddivein.C.Thinkaboutwhatyouenjoymost.D.Helpingothersbroadensyourviewonlife.E.It’snevertoolatetostartlookingforapurpose.F.Ifyouvaluesafety,jointheneighborhoodwatch.G.Tryingtomakeothershappycanaffectyourpurpose.【答案】16.E17.C18.F19.B20.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹在任何年齡找到目標(biāo)的最佳方式?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Haveyoubeenfeelingstuckorunsatisfiedlately?Ifso,itmaybebecauseyouhaven’tfoundyourlife’spurpose,whichcanhelpguideyoutowardthepersonyouwanttobe.(你最近有沒(méi)有感到困或不滿足？如果是這樣，那可能是因?yàn)槟氵€沒(méi)有找到你的人生目標(biāo)，這有助于引導(dǎo)你走向你想要成為的人)”和下文“Afterall,itcanchangeovertime.(畢竟，它會(huì)隨著時(shí)間的推移而改變)”可知，這里是建議人們要找到你的人生目標(biāo)。選項(xiàng)E“開始尋找目標(biāo)永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)太遲?！焙蜕舷挛囊馑家恢隆９蔬xE。【17題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Perhapsyoulikesinging,beinginnature,cooking,workingout,writing,orperformingwellatwork.(也許你喜歡唱歌、置身于大自然、烹飪、鍛煉、寫作，或者在工作中表現(xiàn)出色)”可知，這里建議人們要知道自己喜歡什么。選項(xiàng)C“想想你最喜歡什么?！焙拖挛囊馑家恢隆９蔬xC。【18題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Puttingyourselfouttherecanhelpyoufindapurposeinlife.Thinkaboutyourinterestsandthenjoinasocialcluborcausesurroundingthatactivityorthing.Forinstance,ifyou’reananimallover,considerjoiningacausetoprotectforests.(把自己放在那里可以幫助你找到人生的目標(biāo)。考慮一下你的興趣，然后加入一個(gè)社交俱樂(lè)部或圍繞這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)或事情的事業(yè)。例如，如果你是一個(gè)動(dòng)物愛(ài)好者，可以考慮加入一個(gè)保護(hù)森林的事業(yè))”可知，這里需要舉例說(shuō)明加入你興趣相關(guān)的一個(gè)社交俱樂(lè)部或圍繞這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)或事情的事業(yè)。選項(xiàng)F“如果你重視安全，就加入鄰里守望組織?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。故選F?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Readingisagreatwaytodiscovermoreaboutyourself.Readingcanalsohelpyouexploreyourcuriositiesandlearnnewthings.Studiesalsoshowthatreadingimprovescreativeandcriticalthinkingskills.(閱讀是了解更多自我的好方法。閱讀也可以幫助你探索你的好奇心和學(xué)習(xí)新事物。研究還表明，閱讀可以提高創(chuàng)造性和批判性思維能力)”可知，這里建議人們要多閱讀。選項(xiàng)B“所以，拿起一本書，一頭扎進(jìn)去。”和上文意思一致。故選B?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Everyonewalksindifferentshoes.So,lookforopportunitiesinyourcommunitytolendahandtothem,whichcanbenefityourself.Performingactsofkindnessalsocanhelpyoupracticegratitudeanddiscoverwhatyouwantmostinlife.(每個(gè)人走路都穿著不同的鞋子。所以，在你的社區(qū)里尋找機(jī)會(huì)，向他們伸出援手，這對(duì)你自己有利。行善也可以幫助你練習(xí)感恩，發(fā)現(xiàn)你在生活中最想要的是什么)”可知，這一段建議人們要行善。選項(xiàng)D“幫助他人拓寬了你的人生觀?！焙拖挛囊馑家恢隆９蔬xD。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。IneverthoughtthatIhadtomovetoanotherstateat14.Iwasdoubly____21____forIhadjustlostmyfather.Myfamilygot____22____ingivingawayallthethingswecouldnotcarrywithus.Ontopofthe____23____wasawoodencradle(搖籃).Cradlesare____24____meantfornewborns,butmymotherdecidedto____25____thisbigonetomyfriendSaraassheusedtoloveplayinginit.SoonIgot____26____withthenewscheduleofschool,adjustingtothenewcity.TimesfledquicklyuntilI____27____thenewsofSara’smarriage.Mythoughtswanderedaboutherandourgood____28____inthenativetownofKerala.Ihappenedto____29____thetownafter20years.Whata(n)_____30_____-Sara’sdaughterwassleepingintheverycradlefrommymother.IalsocametoknowSarawas_____31_____onhermother’sdecisiontodonatethiscradleandsherefused.Sara,eventoday,treatsthisgiftasablessingandasignof_____32_____frommymothertoher.Shenow_____33_____thecradletootherbabiesandfetchesitwhentheystartwalking.“Thisisnotjustamaterialthing;thisindicatesourstrong_____34_____.Theexcellenceofagiftliesinitsappropriatenessratherthaninits_____35_____,”Sarasaid.21.A.guilty B.sad C.nervous D.shameful22.A.involved B.interested C.bored D.skilled23.A.cover B.table C.shelf D.list24.A.sincerely B.especially C.partly D.previously25.A.sell B.deliver C.gift D.lend26.A.engaged B.annoyed C.connected D.disappointed27.A.spread B.heard C.broke D.brought28.A.lessons B.chances C.times D.fames29.A.talkabout B.commenton C.referto D.callat30.A.success B.event C.scene D.affair31.A.keen B.dependent C.strict D.upset32.A.thank B.love C.respect D.hope33.A.takesback B.holdsup C.putsaway D.passeson34.A.character B.support C.link D.ability35.A.value B.source C.quality D.effect【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.B25.C26.A27.B28.C29.D30.C31.D32.B33.D34.C35.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述作者一家要搬家，就把搖籃送給了她的好朋友Sara，而Sara把這個(gè)禮物視若珍寶，并強(qiáng)調(diào)這個(gè)禮物的卓越之處在于它的合適性，而不是它的價(jià)值?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我加倍悲傷，因?yàn)槲覄倓偸チ烁赣H。A.guilty有罪的；B.sad傷心的；C.nervous緊張的；D.shameful可恥的。根據(jù)下文“forIhadjustlostmyfather”可知，作者剛剛失去了父親，所以搬家對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)就是讓她更加傷心難過(guò)。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的家人參與了贈(zèng)送所有我們不能隨身攜帶的東西的活動(dòng)。A.involved有關(guān)系的；B.interested感興趣的；C.bored無(wú)聊的；D.skilled嫻熟的。根據(jù)下文“givingawayallthethingswecouldnotcarrywithus”可知，作者他們參與了把帶不走的東西贈(zèng)送給別人的活動(dòng)。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在清單最上面的是一個(gè)木制搖籃。A.cover蓋子；B.table桌子；C.shelf架子；D.list清單。根據(jù)上文“allthethingswecouldnotcarrywithus”可知，作者他們會(huì)贈(zèng)送許多東西，所以會(huì)有一個(gè)清單。故選D。【24題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：搖籃是專為新生兒設(shè)計(jì)的，但我媽媽決定把這個(gè)大搖籃送給我的朋友Sara，因?yàn)樗^(guò)去喜歡玩搖籃。A.sincerely忠誠(chéng)地；B.especially尤其，專門；C.partly部分地；D.previously以前地。根據(jù)下文“meantfornewborns”可知，搖籃是專為新生兒設(shè)計(jì)的。故選B。【25題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：見(jiàn)第4題詳析。A.sell售賣；B.deliver運(yùn)送；C.gift送禮物；D.lend借出。根據(jù)下文“thisbigonetomyfriendSaraassheusedtoloveplayinginit”可知，作者的媽媽打算把搖籃當(dāng)做禮物送給她的朋友Sara。故選C?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：很快，我就適應(yīng)了新的學(xué)校時(shí)間表，適應(yīng)了新城市。A.engaged被占用的，適應(yīng)的；B.annoyed心煩的；C.connected有關(guān)系的；D.disappointed失望的。根據(jù)下文“adjustingtothenewcity”可知，這里指作者適應(yīng)了新的學(xué)校和城市。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：時(shí)間過(guò)得很快，直到我聽到薩拉結(jié)婚的消息。A.spread展開；B.heard聽到；C.broke打破；D.brought帶來(lái)。根據(jù)下文“thenewsofSara’smarriage”可知，作者應(yīng)該是聽說(shuō)了薩拉結(jié)婚的消息。故選B。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我想起了她和我們?cè)诳畹募亦l(xiāng)度過(guò)的美好時(shí)光。A.lessons課程；B.chances機(jī)會(huì)；C.times時(shí)候；D.fames名聲。根據(jù)上文“Mythoughtswandered”和下文“inthenativetownofKerala”可知，這里應(yīng)該是指作者的思想回到了她們以前在一起的時(shí)光。故選C。【29題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：20年后，我偶然來(lái)到鎮(zhèn)上。A.talkabout談?wù)?；B.commenton評(píng)論；C.referto涉及；D.callat到…進(jìn)行短暫訪問(wèn)、停留。根據(jù)下文“Whata(n)________-Sara’sdaughterwassleepingintheverycradlefrommymother.”可知，作者恰好回到那個(gè)地方，看到了Sara的情況。故選D?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：薩拉的女兒正睡在我母親的搖籃里，這是多么美妙的一幕啊。A.success成功；B.event事件；C.scene風(fēng)景，場(chǎng)景；D.affair事件。根據(jù)下文“Sara’sdaughterwassleepingintheverycradlefrommymother”可知，這是作者看到的場(chǎng)景。故選C。【31題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我還知道Sara對(duì)她母親捐贈(zèng)這個(gè)搖籃的決定感到不安，她拒絕了。A.keen喜歡的；B.dependent依賴的；C.strict嚴(yán)格的；D.upset不安的。根據(jù)下文“hermother’sdecisiontodonatethiscradleandsherefused”可知，Sara的母親要捐贈(zèng)這個(gè)搖籃，但是她卻不愿意，所以這應(yīng)該是會(huì)讓她感到不安。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：即使在今天，Sara也將這份禮物視為我母親對(duì)她的祝福和愛(ài)的象征。A.thank感謝；B.love愛(ài)；C.respect尊敬；D.hope希望。根據(jù)上文“Sara,eventoday,treatsthisgiftasablessing”可知，Sara很重視這份禮物，所以應(yīng)該是把它當(dāng)做是作者母親對(duì)她的愛(ài)的象征。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，她把搖籃傳給其他嬰兒，當(dāng)他們開始走路時(shí)，她會(huì)把搖籃拿回來(lái)。A.takesback帶回；B.holdsup舉起；C.putsaway收起；D.passeson傳遞。根據(jù)下文“fetchesitwhentheystartwalking”可知，Sara應(yīng)該是會(huì)拿出來(lái)讓一個(gè)個(gè)嬰兒傳遞著用，然后他們學(xué)會(huì)走路時(shí)再取回來(lái)。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Sara說(shuō)：“這不僅僅是物質(zhì)上的東西，這表明了我們之間的緊密聯(lián)系。禮物的卓越之處在于它的合適性，而不是它的價(jià)值?！盇.character性格；B.support支持；C.link聯(lián)系；D.ability能力。根據(jù)上文“Sara,eventoday,treatsthisgiftasablessingandasignof________frommymothertoher.Shenow________thecradletootherbabiesandfetchesitwhentheystartwalking.”可知，Sara把搖籃看做是她們之間的緊密聯(lián)系。故選C。【35題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：見(jiàn)第14題詳析。A.value價(jià)值；B.source源頭；C.quality品質(zhì)；D.effect影響。根據(jù)上文“Theexcellenceofagiftliesinitsappropriateness”可知，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)