2015年6月大學英語四級考試試卷二真題

1、2015年6月大學英語四級考試試卷二真題(匯總版)Part I Writing (30 minutes)(請于正式開考后半小時內完成該部分，之后將進行聽力考試)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picturebelow. You should start your essay with a brief deion of the picture andcomment on this kind of modern life. You should write at

2、least 120 words but nomore than 180 words.THIS MODERN LIFE:PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespok

3、enonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。1.A)Heispleasedtositonthecommittee.B)Heiswillingtoofferthewomanahand.C

4、)Hewilltellthewomanhisdecisionlater.D)Hewouldliketobecomeaclubmember.2.A)TheirplannedtriptoVancouverisobviouslyoverpriced.B)Theyshouldborrowaguidebookinsteadofbuyingone.C)Theguidebooksinthelibraryhavethelatestinformation.D)ThelibrarycanhelporderguidebooksaboutVancouver.3.A)Heregretshavingtakenthehis

5、torycourse.B)Hefindslittleinterestinthehistorybooks.C)Hehastroublefinishinghisreadingassignments.D)Hehasdifficultywritingtheweeklybookreport.4.A)Themanhadbetterchooseanotherrestaurant.B)Thenewrestaurantisaperfectplacefordating.C)Thenewrestaurantcaughtherfancyimmediately.D)Themanhasgoodtasteinchoosin

6、gtherestaurant.5.A)Hehasbeenlookingforwardtospring.B)Hehasbeenwaitingforthewintersale.C)Hewillcleanthewomansbootsforspring.D)Hewillhelpthewomanputthingsaway.6.A)AtatailorsB)AtBobshome.C)Inaclothesstore.D)Inatheatre.7.A)HisguestsfavorTibetandrinks.B)Hiswaterisquiteextraordinary.C)Mineralwaterisgoodfo

7、rhealth.D)Plainwaterwillservethepurpose.8.A)Reporttheresultofadiscussion.B)Raisesomeenvironmentalissues.C)Submitanimportantdocument.D)Reviseanenvironmentalreport.Questions9to12arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.9.A)Theypollutethesoilusedtocoverthem.B)Theyareharmfultonearbyneighborhoods.C)Ther

8、ubbishinthemtakeslongtodissolve.D)Thegastheyemitisextremelypoisonous.10.A)Growingpopulation.B)Packagingmaterials.C)Changedeatinghabits.D)Lowerproductioncost.11.A)Bysavingenergy.B)Byusinglessaluminum.C)Byreducingpoisonouswastes.D)Bymakingthemostofmaterials.12.A)Wearerunningoutofnaturalresourcessoon.B

9、)Onlycombinedeffortscanmakeadifference.C)Thewasteproblemwilleventuallyhurtallofus.D)Allofuscanactuallybenefitfromrecycling.Questions13to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.13.A)Miami.B)Vancouver.C)Bellingham.D)Boston.14.A)Togetinformationonone-wayticketstoCanada.B)Toinquireaboutthepriceof“Su

10、perSaver”seats.C)Togetadviceonhowtoflyascheaplyaspossible.D)Toinquireabouttheshortestroutetodrivehome.15.A)Joinatouristgroup.B)Chooseamajorairline.C)Avoidtripsinpublicholidays.D)Bookticketsasearlyaspossible.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhears

11、omequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。PassageOneQuestions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejusth

12、eard.16.A)Therearemysteriousstoriesbehindhisworks.B)Therearemanymisunderstandingsabouthim.C)Hisworkshavenomatchworldwide.D)Hispersonalhistoryislittleknown.17.A)HemovedtoStratford-on-Avoninhischildhood.B)Hefailedtogobeyondgrammarschool.C)Hewasamemberofthetowncouncil.D)Heonceworkedinawell-knownactingc

13、ompany.18.A)Writersofhistimehadnomeanstoprotecttheirworks.B)Possiblesourcesofcluesabouthimwerelostinafire.C)Hisworkswereadaptedbeyondrecognition.D)Peopleofhistimehadlittleinterestinhim.PassageTwoQuestions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)Itshowsyouhavebeenignoringyouhealth.B)Itcanserio

14、uslyaffectyourthinkingprocess.C)Itisanearlywarningofsomeillness.D)Itisasymptomoftoomuchpressure.20.A)Reduceourworkload.B)Controlourtemper.C)Usepainkillersforrelief.D)Avoidmaskingsymptoms.21.A)Lyingdownandhavingsomesleep.B)Rubbingandpressingonesback.C)Goingoutforawalk.D)Listeningtolightmusic.PassageT

15、hreeQuestions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A)Dependingheavilyonloans.B)Havingnobudgetplansatall.C)Spendingbeyondonesmeans.D)Leavingnoroomforlargebills.23.A)Manyofthemcanbecut.B)Altofthemhavetobecovered.C)Theirpaymentcannotbedelayed.D)Theeatupmostofthefamilyincome.24.A)Rentahouseinste

16、adofbuyingone.B)Discusstheprobleminthefamily.C)Makeaconservationplan.D)Movetoacheaperplace.25.A)Financialissuesplaguingafamily.B)Difficultyinmakingbothendsmeet.C)Familybudgetproblemsandsolutions.D)Newwaystoboostfamilyincome.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassag

17、eisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally.Whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。Perhapsbecausegoingtocollegeissomuchap

18、artoftheAmericandream,manypeoplegoforno(26)_reason.Somegobecausetheirparentsexpectit,othersbecauseitswhattheirfriendsaredoing.Then,theresthebeliefthatacollegedegreewill(27)_ensureagoodjobandhighpay.Somestudents(28)_throughfouryears,attendingclasses,orskipping(逃課)themasthecasemaybe,readingonlywhatcan

19、tbeavoided,lookingforless(29)_courses,andneverbeingtouchedorchangedinanyimportantway.Forafewofthesepeople,collegeprovidesno(30)_,yetbecauseofparentalorpeerpressure,theycannotvoluntarilyleave.Theystoptryinginthehopethattheirteacherswillmakethedecisionforthemby(31)_them.Toputitbluntly(直截了當?shù)?，unlessyou

20、rewillingtomakeyourcollegeyearscount,youmightbe(32)_doingsomethingelse.Noteveryoneshouldattendtocollege,norshouldeveryonewhodoesattendbeginrightafterhighschool.Manycollegestudents(33)_takingayearorsooff.Ayearoutintheworldhelpssomepeopleto(34)_theirprioritiesandgoals.Ifyourereallygoingtogetsomethingo

21、utofgoingtocollege,youhavetomakeitmeansomething,andtodothatyoumusthavesomeideawhyyourethere,whatyouhopetogetoutofit,and(35)_evenwhatyouhopetobecome.PartReadingComprehension (40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofch

22、oicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Question36to45arebasedonthef

23、ollowingpassage.Itsourguiltypleasure:WatchingTVisthemostcommoneverydayactivity,afterworkandsleep,inmanypartsoftheworld.AmericansviewfivehoursofTVeachday,andwhileweknowthatspendingsomuchtimesitting_36_canleadtoobesity(肥胖癥)andotherdiseases,researchershavenowquantifiedjusthow_37_beingacouchpotatocanbe.

24、Inananalysisofdatafromeightlarge_38_publishedstudies,aHarvard-ledgroupreportedintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationthatforeverytwohoursperdayspentchannel_39_,theriskofdevelopingType2diabetes(糖尿病)rose20%over8.5years,theriskofheartdiseaseincreased15%overa_40_,andtheoddsofdyingpermaturely_41_13%d

25、uringaseven-yearfollow-up.Allofthese_42_arelinkedtoalackofphysicalexercise.Butcomparedwithothersedentary(久坐的)activities,likeknitting,viewingTVmaybeespecially_43_atpromotingunhealthyhabits.Forone,thesheernumberofhourswepasswatchingTVdwarfsthetimewespendonanythingelse.Andotherstudieshavefoundthatwatch

26、ingadsforbeerandpopcornmaymakeyoumorelikelyto_44_them.Evenso,theauthorsadmitthattheydidntcomparedifferentsedentaryactivitiesto_45_whetherTVwatchingwaslinkedtoagreaterriskofdiabetes,heartdiseaseorclearlydeathcomparedwith,say,reading.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。A)climbedI)previouslyB)consemeJ)resumeC)decadeK)su

27、fferedD)determineL)sufferingE)effectIveM)termF)harmfulN)terminalsG)outcomesO)twistingH)passively注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformat

28、ionisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.Essay-GradingSoftwareOffersProfessorsaBreakAImaginetakingacollegeexam,and,insteadofhandinginabluebookandgettingagradefromaprofessorafewweekslater,clickingt

29、he“send”buttonwhenyouaredoneandreceivingagradebackinstantly,youressayscoredbyasoftwareprogram.Andthen,insteadofbeingdonewiththatexam,imaginethatthesystemwouldimmediatelyletyourewritethetesttotrytoimproveyourgrade.BEdX,thenonprofitenterprisefoundedbyHarvardandtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT

30、)tooffercoursesontheInternet,hasjustintroducedsuchasystemandwillmakeitsautomated(自動的)softwareavailablefreeontheWebtoanyinstitutionthatwantstouseit.Thesoftwareusesartificialintelligencetogradestudentessaysandshortwrittenanswers,freeingprofessorsforothertasks.CThenewservicewillbringtheeducationalconso

31、rtium(聯(lián)盟)intoagrowingconflictovertheroleofautomationineducation.Althoughautomatedgradingsystemsformultiple-choiceandtrue-falsetestsarenowwidespread,theuseofartificialintelligencetechnologytogradeessayanswershasnotyetreceivedwidespreadacceptancebyeducatorsandhasmanycritics.DAnantAgarwal,anelectricale

32、ngineerwhoispresidentofEdX,predictedthattheinstant-gradingsoftwarewouldbeausefulteachingtool,enablingstudentstotaketestsandwriteessaysoverandoverandimprovethequalityoftheiranswers.Hesaidthetechnologywouldofferdistinctadvantagesoverthetraditionalclassroomsystem,wherestudentsoftenwaitdaysorweeksforgra

33、des.“Thereisahugevalueinleaningwithinstantfeedback,”Dr.Agarwalsaid.“Studentsaretellingustheylearnmuchbetterwithinstantfeedback.”EButskeptics（懷疑者）saytheautomatedsystemisnomatchforliveteachers.Onelongtimecritic,LesPerelman,hasdrawnnationalattentionseveraltimesforputtingtogethernonsenseessaysthathavefo

34、oledsoftwaregradingprogramsintogivinghighmarks.Hehasalsobeenhighlycriticalofstudiesclaimingthatthesoftwarecompareswelltohumangraders.FHeisamongagroupofeducatorswholastmonthbegancirculatingapetition（呼吁）opposingautomatedassessmentsoftware.Thegroup,whichcallsitselfProfesssionalsAgainstMachineScoringofS

35、tudentEssaysinHigh-StakesAssessment,hascollectednearly2,000signatures,includingsomefromfamouspeoplelikeNoamChomsky.G“Letsfacetherealitiesofautomaticessayscoring,”thegroupsstatementreadsinpart.“Computerscannotread.Theycannotmeasuretheessentialsofeffectivewrittencommunication:accuracy,reasoning,adequa

36、cyofevidence,goodsense,ethical(倫理的)position,convincingargument,meaningfulorganization,andclarity,amongothers.”.HButEdXexpectsitssoftwaretobeadoptedwidelybyschoolsanduniversities.ItoffersfreeonlineclassesfromHarvard,MITandtheUniversityofCalifornian-Berkeley;thisfall,itwilladdclassesfromWellesley,Geor

37、getownandtheUniversityofTexas.Inall,12universitiesparticipateinEdX,whichofferscertificatesforcoursecompletionandhassaidthatitplanstocontinuetoexpandnextyear,includingaddinginternationalschools.ITheEdXassessmenttoolrequireshumanteachers,orgraders,tofirstgrade100essaysoressayquestions.Thesystemthenuse

38、savarietyofmachine-learningtechniquestotrainitselftobeabletogradeanynumberofessaysoranswersautomaticallyandalmostinstantly.Thesoftwarewillassignagradedependingonthescoringsystemcreatedbytheteacher,whetheritisalettergradeornumerical(數(shù)字的)rank.JEdXisnotthefirsttousetheautomatedassessmenttechnology,whic

39、hdatestoearlycomputersinthe1960s.Thereisnowarangeofcompaniesofferingcommercialprogramstogradewrittentestanswers,andfourstatesLouisiana,NorthDakota,UtahandWestVirginiaareusingsomeformofthetechnologyinsecondaryschools.Afifth,Indiana,hasexperimentedwithit.Insomecasesthesoftwareisusedasa“secondreader,”t

40、ocheckthereliabilityofthehumangraders.KButthegrowinginfluenceoftheEdXconsortiumtosetstandardsislikelytogivethetechnologyaboost.OnTuesday,StanfordannouncedthatiswouldworkwithEdXtodevelopajointeducationalsystemthatwillmakeuseoftheautomatedassessmenttechnology.LTwostart-ups,CourseraandUdacity,recentlyf

41、oundedbyStanfordfacultymemberstocreate“massiveopenonlinecourses,”orMOOCs,arealsocommittedtoautomatedassessmentsystemsbecauseofthevalueofinstantfeedback.“Itallowsstudentstogetimmediatefeedbackontheirwork,sothatlearningturnsintoagame,withstudentsnaturallygravitating(吸引)towardresubmittingtheworkuntilth

42、eygetitright,”saidDaphneKoller,acomputerscientistandafounderofCoursera.MLastyeartheHewlettFoundation,agrant-makingorganizationsetupbyoneoftheHewlett-Packardfoundersandhiswife,sponsoredtwo$100,000prizesaimedatimprovingsoftwarethatgradesessaysandshortanswers.Morethan150teamsenteredeachcategory.Awinner

43、ofoneoftheHewlettcontests,VikParuchuri,washiredbyEdXtohelpdesignitsassessmentsoftware.N“Oneofourfocusesistohelpkidslearnhowtothinkcritically,”saidVictorVuchic,aprogramofficerattheHewlettFoundation.“Itsprobablyimpossibletodothatwithmultiple-choicetests.Thechallengeisthatthisrequireshumangraders,andso

44、theycostalotmoreandtheytakealotmoretime.”O(jiān)MarkD.Shermis,aprofessorattheUniversityofAkroninOhio,supervisedtheHewlettFoundationscontestonautomatedessayscoringandwroteapaperabouttheexperiment.Inhisview,thetechnologythoughimperfecthasaplaceineducationalsettings.PWithincreasinglylargeclasses,itisimpossib

45、leformostteacherstogivestudentsmeaningfulfeedbackonwritingassignments,hesaid.Plus,henoted,criticsofthetechnologyhavetendedtocomefromthenationsbestuniversities,wherethelevelofteachingismuchbetterthanatmostschools.Q“Oftentheycomefromveryfamousinstitutionswhere,infact,theydoamuchbetterjobofprovidingfee

46、dbackthanamachineevercould,”Dr.Shermissaid.“Thereseemstobealackofappreciationofwhatisactuallygoingonintherealworld.”注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。46.Someprofessionalsineducationarecollectingsignaturestovoicetheiroppositiontoautomatedessaygrading.47.Usingsoftwaretogradestudentsessayssavesteacherstimeforotherwork

47、.48.TheHewlettcontestsaimatimprovingessaygradingsoftware.49.Thoughtheautomatedgradingsystemiswidelyusedinmultiple-choicetests,automatedessaygradingisstillcriticizedbymanyeducators.50.Somepeopledontbelievethesoftwaregradingsystemcandoasgoodajobashumangraders.51.Criticsofautomatedessayscoringdonotseem

48、toknowthetruerealitiesinlessfamousuniversities.52.Criticsarguemanyimportantaspectsofeffectivewritingcannotbemeasuredbycomputerratingprograms.53.Asclasssizegrows,mostteachersareunabletogivestudentsvaluablecommentsastohowtoimprovetheirwriting.54.Theautomatedassessmenttechnologyissometimesusedtodoublechecktheworkofhumangraders.5