九年級被動語態(tài)課件.ppt

1、,被動語態(tài)詳解 The Passive Voice,被動語態(tài)基本用法 當(dāng)句子的主語是動作的執(zhí)行者時，謂語的形式是主動語態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的主語是動作的承受者時，謂語要用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)由be+過去分詞（及物動詞）構(gòu)成，時態(tài)通過be表現(xiàn)出來。,His brother washes bowls every day,主,謂,賓(受動者),Bowls,are washed,by,his brother,every day.,改為被動語態(tài),1.They make shoes in that factory. 主語+及物動詞+賓語,Shoes are made (by them) in that factory

2、. 一般現(xiàn)在時：,變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài),S(主語）+am/is /are +過去分詞,They play football on Sunday. Lucy does the homework in the evening. They often use computers in class. We make these machines in Beijing.,Football is played by them on Sunday.,The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.,Computers are often used by them in cla

3、ss.,These machines are made in Beijing.,He looked after the little baby yesterday.,主,謂,賓(受動者),The little baby,was looked after,by,him,yesterday .,2. They bought ten computers last term,Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.,一般過去時：,S+was/were +過去分詞,They built the tall building last year. He t

4、ook good care of his little brother yesterday. We cleaned our classroom just now. They used this room for resting.,The tall building was built by them last year.,His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.,Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.,This room was used for resting by th

5、em.,Tom will clean the room tomorrow.,主,謂,賓(受動者),The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,3.They will finish the work in ten days.,The work will be finished (by them) in ten days.,一般將來時： will S + shall + be + 過去分詞 be going to,We will have a sports meeting next week. Children will take some photos i

6、n the schoolyard tomorrow. The headmaster is going to give a talk this afternoon.,A sports meeting will be had by us next week.,Some photos will be taken by children in the school tomorrow.,A talk is going to be given by the headmaster this afternoon.,4Amy can take good care of Gina ,Gina can be tak

7、en good care of by Amy.,情態(tài)動詞： S+ can/may/must/should + be+過去分詞,1.He can take care of the baby. 2.Lucy may draw the pictures. 3.You must turn off the lights. 4.They should learn English well.,The baby can be taken care of by him.,The picture may be drawn by Lucy.,The lights must be turned off by you.

8、,English should be learned well by them.,Exercises： 1.Many people speak English. 2.People used knives for cutting things. 3.We can use the box as a table. 4.We should clean the classroom every day. 5.She will repair the bike tomorrow.,English is spoken by many people.,Knives were used (by people) fo

9、r cutting things.,The box can be used as a table (by us).,The classroom should be cleaned (by us) every day.,The bike will be repaired (by her) tomorrow.,下列時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成 1.Lucy is watering the trees. 2.We have finished our compositions.,看一看 想一想,Some workers are painting the rooms now,The rooms are being

10、 painted by some workers now. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時： S+ am/is/are + being +過去分詞,We have made twenty more keys,Twenty more keys have been made by us. 現(xiàn)在完成時： S+ have/has + been+過去分詞,各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成,一般現(xiàn)在時： 一般過去時： 一般將來時： 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時： 過去進(jìn)行時： 現(xiàn)在完成時： 過去完成時： 情態(tài)動詞：,am/is /are done,will/shall be done; be going to be done,am/is/are bei

11、ng done was/were being done,has/have been done had been done,was/were done,各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成,can/may/must/should. be done,知識拓 展,思考 1：將下列的主動句變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)：,We gave him some books. He . Some books .,was given some books (by us),were given to him (by us),小 結(jié) 1 ：,帶有雙賓語（賓語既有人又有物）的被動結(jié)構(gòu)是: （1）將間接賓語(人)變?yōu)橹髡Z，直接賓語(物)不變。 （2）

12、將直接賓語(物)變?yōu)橹髡Z，一般要在間接賓語前加介詞to或for.,一般在下列動詞后，常在間接賓語前用介詞 to，如： bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。 例: I showed her several special stamps she was showed several special stamps. Several special stamps were showed to her. 一般在下列動詞后，間接賓語前用介詞 for, 如： build, bu

13、y, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。 例：Mother made me a new skirt. / A new skirt was made for me. The meat was cooked for us. Some country music was played for us. 有些既不用to 也不用for, 根據(jù)動詞與介詞的搭配關(guān)系。 例： He asked me a question. A question was asked of me.

14、,思 考 2：,I usually hear her sing English songs in the morning. She in the morning.,is usually heard to sing English songs,He makes her horse work all day. Her horse all day. My father let me go out for a picnic. I out for a picnic.,is made to work,was let to go,小 結(jié) 2 ：,一些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的被動結(jié)構(gòu): （1）感覺動詞(hear, see等

15、)改被動語態(tài) （2）使役動詞(let, make, have等)改被動語態(tài),如動詞為 make, have ,let, see, watch, notice, listen to, look at, observe 等，后接 賓語補(bǔ)足語為不帶“to”不定式時，變被動 語態(tài)時要加上“to” 。如： I saw him fall off the tree. He was seen to fall off the tree.,有些相當(dāng)于及物動詞的動詞詞組，如“動詞介詞”，“動詞副詞”等，也可以用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)，但要把它們看作一個整體，不能分開。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。 不及物動詞+ 介詞 如: ag

16、ree to, ask for, laugh at, operated on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。 The patient is being operated on. The problem is solved. It neednt be talked about. 及物動詞+ 副詞 如：bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off, think over, turn

17、down, work out, turn out 等。 His request was turned down. The sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather. 動詞+ 名詞+ 介詞 如：make use of, pay attention to, take care of等。 1) We take good care of the books. The books are taken good care of. / Good care is taken of the book.,練習(xí)：將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍泳洹?1.The

18、students listen to the teacher carefully in class. . 2. They look after the new students in the school. 3. They make us do all the work. 4.We often hear her sing songs. 5. I saw him walk to school. 6. My mother bought me a computer.,The new students are looked after by them in the school.,The teache

19、r is listened to carefully by the students in class.,We are made to do all the work by them.,She is often heard to sing songs by us.,He was seen to walk to school by me.,被動1 I was bought a computer by my mother . 被動2 A computer was bought for me by my mother.,在漢語中，有一類句子不出現(xiàn)主語，在英語中一般可用被動結(jié)構(gòu)來表示，例如： 據(jù)說It

20、 is said that 據(jù)報導(dǎo) It is reported that 據(jù)推測 It is supposed that 希望It is hoped that 眾所周知It is well known that 普遍認(rèn)為It is generally considered that 有人建議It is suggested that 1) It is reported that it is going to rain tomorrow. 2) It is well known that Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp.,下列情況主動句不能改為被

21、動句： 第一，不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài)，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie,等。一些不及物動詞短語沒有被動語態(tài)，如：take place, break out, belong to, come true lose heart 等。 When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had already risen. 誤：The sun had already been risen. After the earthquake, few houses remained. 誤：After the earthquake

22、, few houses were remained. The fire broke out in the capital building. 誤：The fire was broke out in the capital building.,第二，感官系動詞無被動語態(tài)。（一般用主動形式表示被動含義）如：feel， look, seem, smell, taste, sound, become 等。 Do you like the material? Yes, it feels very soft. 誤：It is felt very soft. The food tastes delicio

23、us. 誤：The food is tasted delicious. The pop music sounds beautiful. 誤：The pop music is sounded beautiful. 第三，謂語是及物動詞leave, enter, reach, suit, have, fit，benefit, lack, own等。如： He entered the room and got his book. 誤：The room was entered and his book was got. She had her hand burned. 誤：Her hand was h

24、ad burned.,第五，賓語是反身代詞，相互代詞，不定式等，不能變?yōu)楸粍泳渥拥闹髡Z，如： I taught myself English. 誤：Myself was taught English. We love each other. 誤：Each other is loved. 第六，當(dāng)動詞表示事物的自然屬性，不用被動。 The pen writes fast This kind of sweater sells well,Answer right or wrong 1.必須照看好孩子們。 The children must be taken good care .( ) The children must be taken good care of .( ) 2.這本書是魯迅寫的。/3.昨天那支筆是他給我的。 This book was wrote by Lu Xun.( ) This book was written by Lu Xun.( ) 3.That pencil was given me by him yesterday.( ) That pencil was given to me by him yesterday.( ),W,R,W,R,W,R,4.這輛自行車能修嗎？ Can this bike mended?( ) Can this