Reading-英語選修8-Unit-3-Reading-課件.ppt

1、Reading,Unit 3 Inventors and inventions,Do you know the stages every inventor must go through before they can have their invention approved? Here give you some similar stages used in research, please out them in the suitable order.,Pre-reading,Applying for a patent Finding a problem Doing research T

2、esting the solution Thinking of a creative solution Deciding on the invention,The suitable order:,Finding a problem,Doing research,Thinking of a creative solution,Testing the solution,Deciding on the invention,Applying for a patent,Look at the pictures, what inventions can you think of?,Patent offic

3、e (專利局) plays the role of deciding what is an invention and what is not. And only inventions can get patens and so be recognized and protected.,patents,The problem of the snakes,Part I (Para 1):,the _ of the problem of the snakes.,the _ on the approaches to solve the problem.,the _ to catch the snak

4、es.,the _ of getting a patent.,Part II (Paras 2-3):,Part III (Paras4-6):,Part IV (Paras7, 8):,Fast Reading,discovery,research,attempts,requirements,Read the text fast and answer questions.,The text narrates the problem of the snakes and presents the procedures of catching them and applying for a pat

5、ent.,1. What is the main idea of the text?,2. Whats the writing purpose of the writer?,The writer wants to inform us of the scientific methods to solve present problems so that we students can not only broaden the horizons but become more skilled in discovering and considering carefully the problems

6、 in daily life. We are also encouraged by the writer to be creative and hardworking as well as thinking independently.,3. What should we learn from this text?,We can learn from the text the way of doing scientific researches and how to apply for a patent. We can also learn that it takes an inventor

7、great determination persistence to achieve his or her ambition and persistence to achieve his or her ambition in life.,Choose the best answer.,1. How did the writer catch the snakes? A. using something the snakes were interested to attract them into a trap. B. taking their habitat to another place.

8、C. placing the snakes at a low temperature for them to sleep and then caught them. D. All the above.,C,2. The writer was successful to catch the snakes in _ attempt. A. the First B. the second C. the third D. every 3. Why did cooling the snakes make them less active? A. Because snakes are warm-blood

9、ed animals. B. Because snakes like high temperature. C. Because their body temperature depends on the heat around them.,C,C,4. Which statement is TRUE according to the text? A. The snakes were sleepy in the second approach so they couldnt bite. B. Your product must be different from everybody elses

10、if you want to receive a patent. C. The writer received a patent after she succeeded in catching the snakes. D. If an application proves to be valid, you can get a patent immediately.,B,5. According to the text, which subject do you think can be given a patent? A. A new star discovered by a scientis

11、t. B. A new novel written by Yao Ming. C. A new way to make dirty water clean. D. A new kind of grass can be used as a medicine.,C,1. In this passage, the writer want to encourage the readers to consider carefully the problems in daily life. 2. The writer was successful to catch the snakes in the se

12、cond attempt. 3. An inventor can easily get the patent for the invention.,T,True or False,F,F,4. If you have a scientific theory or mathematical model, you can get a patent. 5. The stages to apply for a patent is to fill in the form for your invention, file your patent application with the patent of

13、fice and wait for the patent examine. 6. If your inventions pass the test, your application for a patent will be published 17 months from the date you apply.,T,F,F,Find a problem,The snakes must be removed but not harmed,Do research,Look for methods of removal; the habits of snakes,Fill the chart.,T

14、est the solution several times,Apply for a patent,Fill in the form and file your patent application with the patent office,Think of a creative solution,Identify three possible approaches : choose one,Try three times to make it work efficiently,Careful Reading: Para 1-3 1.Why did the writer feel prou

15、d when her mother asked her to get rid of the snakes? 2. What did the writer prepare before she could think of a possible approach?,Because it was a chance for the writer to distinguish herself by inventing something that would catch snakes but not herm them.,She did some research on the habits of s

16、nakes.,Para 4-6: What was the writers three attempts to catch the snakes? Why did the first two attempts fail? The first attempt: The writer placed the frozen bowl over the snakes habitat for two hours. Two hours was too short to make the snakes sleepy. She needed to spend more time cooling the snak

17、es.,The second attempt: The writer placed the frozen bowl over the snakes habitat in the evening for a whole night. Once the snakes were picked up, they were woken and tried to bite her. The third attempt: The writer placed the frozen bowl over the snakes habitat in the evening and carry a net to co

18、llect the snakes without harming them the next morning.,Para7-8: 1. Is it easy to apply for a patent? The criteria are so strict that it is difficult for new ideas to be accepted unless they are truly novel. 2. Decide whether each of them can get patents or not? Give your reasons.,1 Read the passage

19、 and answer the questions.,Comprehending,1. What was the mother upset about?,The mother was upset because a family of snakes had made their home near the house.,2. Why was the writer happy to help her mother?,The writer was happy because it give her an opportunity to help her mother and invent somet

20、hing to catch the snakes without hurting them at the same time.,3. What are the three creative steps that the writer takes to catch the snakes without hurting them?,1) She bought a stainless steel ice-cream maker and froze the bowl. She added ice-cubes to the top of the bowl to keep it cool. She pla

21、ced it over the snakes habitat during the day so that the snakes would become sleepy and could be easily caught.,2) As above she did the same but placed the bowl over the snakes habitat in the evening.,3) As above but added a net to catch the snakes.,4. Why did cooling make the snakes less active?,S

22、nakes dont have a way of keeping warm in their bodies. They get warmth from the sun and become more active at this time. When the sun goes down at night they cool down and become less active. So extra cooling to the snake would make them even less active and easier to catch.,You are able to prove th

23、at you were the first person to make the invention. You are recognized as a real inventor. You can make money if you sell your invention to others.,2 Discuss with your partner what the advantages might be of getting a patent.,3 In pairs look at the following problems. Choose one and use the scientif

24、ic stages to design a new invention to solve it. Remember to include one change to your invention in case it doesnt work the first time.,Problem 1: The ripe apples growing on your apple tree are too high for you to reach them. What can you invent to pick your apples in comfort? Problem 2: You need t

25、o make a house but you only have strings, glue, fishing nets and many plastic bottles. How can you solve it? Problem 3: You want to catch fish but not hurt them when you do so. Design a fishing rod that will solve this problem.,Pairwork: Can you be an inventor?,You need to make a house but you only

26、have strings, glue, fishing nets and many plastic bottles. How can you solve it?,1. Remove the bottom from each of the bottles. 2. Stick the bottles together with the glue to form a solid wall. 3. Cover them with the fishing net to hold them secure. 4. Pour water down the bottles to encourage plants

27、 to grow up inside them.,The plants will make a vegetable wall which will keep the sunshine out and protect the people inside from anyone who wants to look in. 5. Make a roof of empty bottles. This means it will not be too heavy. 6. Put the roof on after the plants have grown so that the walls are v

28、ery secure and steady.,1. 打電話 2. 有時, 偶爾 3. 擺脫, 趕走 4. 使自己揚名, 顯擺自己 5. 生物 6. 一種新方法 7. 著手, 開始 8. 決定 9. 把它們引入陷阱 10. 一個制作冰淇淋的器具 11. 同時,call up now and then get rid of distinguish oneself living creatures a new approach set about decide on attract them into a trap an ice-cream maker at the same time,Phrase

29、s and Sentences,12.消失在墻壁附近的 洞里 13.提起, 拿起 14.根據(jù) 15.溫順的蛇 16.把它們都釋放到野外 17.被某人督促 18.專利局 19.填表 20.的問題,disappear into a convenient hole in the wall pick up according to the passive snakes release them all back into the wild be pressed by the patent office fill in the form a matter of,21. 這是因為我預料它還會再咬人。 22

30、. 你看看我的銀行節(jié)余金額就知道我是否 成功了。,You will know if I succeed by the size of my bank balance.,This was in the expectation that the snakes would bite again.,1. go through 1) 經(jīng)歷(不愉快的事),Most families went through a lot in the war.,2) 通過, 成功, 成交 The plan did not go through.,3) 審閱, 檢查,I cant go though the letters

31、in an hour.,4) 翻找, 查看,Mother went through the drawer for her glasses.,A terrible noise went through the house.,5) 穿過, 通過,Language points,read through 通讀 look through 瀏覽 flow through 流過 get through 通過, 接通, 使.成功 search through 搜尋, 查找,2. do research on /into /in.,從事, 進行, 做研究,e.g. They are carrying out

32、a research into the causes of cancer.,注意: research可作可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù) 名詞, 有自己的單復數(shù)形式。 但是短語do research on /into /in. 中research 為不可數(shù)名詞。,3. When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone, she was very upset.,call up 打電話, 使回憶起,今晚我會給你打電話。,Ill call you up tonight. (ring sb. up),老相片引起了我對童年的回憶。,The ol

33、d photo calls up memories of my childhood. (recall sth.),call back call for call in call on call at,召喚某人回來; 再訪; 回電話 需要, 要求, 接(人或物) 邀請; 請來 拜訪(人) 拜訪(某地),-Can I do the job? -Im afraid not, because it _ skill and patience. A. calls on B. calls out C. calls up D. calls for,D,call on drop in on pay a visi

34、t to go on a visit to visit,call at drop in at pay a visit to go on a visit to visit,拜訪某地,+sp.,拜訪某人,+ sb.,4. now and then 時而; 不時 = sometimes,我偶爾看見他, 但不常見。 我有時喜歡去看歌劇。,I see him now and then, but not often.,I like to go to the opera now and then.,from time to time (every) now and again from now on jus

35、t now since then,有時; 不時 時而; 不時 從現(xiàn)在開始, 今后 剛才 從那時以來,5. Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something,distinguish oneself 顯揚自己, 使自己揚名 e.g. The man distinguished himself by his wisdom. distinguish vt. 辨認 e.g. I cant distinguish the twins, they are so alike. 從遠處我能認出他們。 I can disti

36、nguish them at a distance.,2) (常與from, between連用) 區(qū)別; 區(qū)分 distinguish A from B 把A與B加以分開 distinguish between A and B 辨別A和B 你能區(qū)分那兩個物體嗎？ 應當教育孩子分辨好壞。 Children should be taught to _.,Can you distinguish between those two objects?,distinguish right from wrong,語言把人和動物區(qū)別開來。 Speech _. 象因為有長鼻子而有別于其他動物。 Elephan

37、ts _ by their long trunks. You should be able to _ right from wrong. A. differ B. distinguish C. determine D. observe,distinguishes men from animals,are distinguished,distinction distinctive,n. 區(qū)別, 差異 adj. 有特色的, 與眾不同的,B,be distinguished from distinguish from be distinguished by be distinguished for,

38、不同于與加以區(qū)別 辨別, 把和區(qū)別開 以為特征 因而著稱,distinguished adj. distinguishing adj. distinguishable adj. distinct adj.,著名的, 出名的 有區(qū)別的 可區(qū)別的 截然不同的,6. The first thing I tried to do was to see if there were products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes.,there be 常見的變化形式有: there

39、 seems to be , there happens to be , there used to be.,辨析: there be與have there be 強調(diào)某處有某物; have 強調(diào)某人有某物, 指為人所擁有 e.g. There is a book on the desk. I have a book.,在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中, be的人稱與數(shù)應遵循就近一致原則。,There _ a bucket of water and two chairs in the corner of the house.,There _ two chairs and a bucket of wat

40、er in the corner of the house.,was,were,2) seem的歸納總結(jié),seem +to be +形容詞/名詞/介詞短語/分詞,Something seemed to be wrong with him. You seemed to be in a great hurry. The first memories seemed to be connected with work. He seemed to be a good leader.,It seems that. It seems as if/ as though. There seems (to be

41、).,seem 構(gòu)成的句式:,It seems that everyone was satisfied. It seems as if you are the first one here. There seems (to be) no reason for believing him.,seem 表示有某種根據(jù)的判斷, 這種判斷往往 接近事實或者符合事實。 appear 從外表或者表面上看來“似乎, 好像”, 有時暗含“事實上并非如此”之意。 look 強調(diào)視覺上的印象。 It appears a true story. He looks a perfect fool. Do let you

42、r mother know all the truth. She appears _ everything. (2001上海) A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D. to have been told,D,7. But there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes. powder n. 粉, 粉末; 藥粉; 火藥 grain sth. into powder 把磨成粉,8. I set about researching the habits of snakes so I co

43、uld trap them in the easiest way.,1) set about =set out: to begin or start 著手; 開始,他一到那兒就著手解決問題。 He _ as soon as he arrived there. = He _ as soon as he arrived there.,set about solving the problem,set out to solve the problem,set out的另一個意思為“動身”, “出發(fā)”, 后面常 跟介詞for。 他們已出發(fā)到上海去了。,They have set out (= set

44、off ) for Shanghai.,set out set out to do sth. set off set aside set down set up,出發(fā), 起程 開始做某事 出發(fā), 動身 留出, 對不予考慮 記下, 寫下 設(shè)置, 造成, 產(chǎn)生,be in the habit out of habit break the habit develop/form the habit of,2) habit n. 習慣,出于習慣,打破.的習慣,養(yǎng)成.習慣,habit 通常指個人經(jīng)常性的行為 custom 一般指整個社會在一段時間里的 行為、風俗 practice 指慣例, 也指商業(yè)或者法

45、律上的 常規(guī)做法。,有.的習慣,9. Between the outside and inside walls of the bowl there is some jelly, which freezes hard when cooled.,when cooled 的構(gòu)成: 連詞when +過去分 詞, 相當于when 引導的狀語從句: when it is cooled.,While unfinished, he was ugly, but now he was a living horror. while unfinished,. =,when/while 引導的時間狀語從句中的主語, 如

46、果與主句的主語相同, 常?？捎谩皐hen/ while +現(xiàn)在分詞短語或者過去分詞短語” 的結(jié)構(gòu)來代替。,= You must be careful when crossing the street.,e.g. You must be careful when you cross the street.,While he was unfinished,When _ help, one often says “thank you” or “ its kind of you”. A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered,原從句為主動結(jié)構(gòu)

47、時, 用when/while+現(xiàn)在分詞來代替; 原句為被動結(jié)構(gòu)時, 用 when /while+過去分詞短語來代替。,D,10. They abruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall.,1) abruptly adv. 突然地, 唐突地 abrupt adj. 突然的; 意外的 e.g. 這路有很多急轉(zhuǎn)彎。 The road is full of _. 這會議突然結(jié)束了。 The meeting came to _. 我們的討論突然給縮短了。 Our discussion was _ curtailed.,abrupt tur

48、ns,an abrupt end,abruptly,be convenient for sb.sth. It is convenient for sb. to do sth.,對某人/某物便利/方便的,譯: 三點鐘對你方便嗎？ e.g. Will 3oclock be convenient for you ? 譯: 明天開始工作對你方便嗎？ e.g. Will it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow?,2) convenient adj. 便利的, 方便的,對某人來說做某事是方便的,1. Come and see me whenever

49、_. A. you are convenient B. you will be convenient C. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you 2. If it is quite _ to you, Ill visit you next Tuesday. A. convenient B. fair C. easy D. comfortable,C,A,convenience U 方便, 便利 C 方便的事,at ones convenience,在某人方便的時候,e.g. Please do this job at your convenience.,11. expectation n. 預料, 預期, 期待,e.g. He has little expectation of winning a prize. 他對獲獎不抱什么希望。,e.g. There is