（吉林專版）2020中考英語復(fù)習(xí)方案第二篇語法專題突破專題（01）名詞課件.pptx

1、,專題（一） 名詞,第二篇語法專題突破,考點一可數(shù)名詞,1.可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式 (1)規(guī)則變化,（續(xù)表）,（續(xù)表）,（續(xù)表）,【巧學(xué)妙記】 名詞變復(fù)數(shù)變f/fe為ve,再加-s的單詞: 樹葉(leaf)半數(shù)(half)自己(self)黃, 妻子(wife)拿刀(knife)去殺狼(wolf), 架(shelf)后小偷(thief)逃命忙。,(2)不規(guī)則變化,（續(xù)表）,（續(xù)表）,（續(xù)表）,2.集體名詞的數(shù) (1)集體名詞以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn),但實為復(fù)數(shù),如people(人們), police(警察)。如果要表達(dá)單數(shù)形式則要用其他名詞。 一名警察 a police() a policeman/polic

2、ewoman() 一個人 a people() a person() (2)集體名詞以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn), 但實為復(fù)數(shù),如family, class, team等,它們作主語,強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式,強(qiáng)調(diào)整體中的各個成員時謂語動詞則用復(fù)數(shù)形式。,注意 以s結(jié)尾但仍為單數(shù)的名詞,如maths, politics, physics等學(xué)科名詞(不可數(shù)名詞),news(不可數(shù)名詞)和the United States等。以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的書名、劇名、報紙名、雜志名等也視為單數(shù)。,考點二不可數(shù)名詞,1.不可數(shù)名詞的量化表達(dá):不可數(shù)名詞是不能用數(shù)量計算的名詞,沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式,前面不能用不定冠詞a/an或數(shù)詞表

3、示量。 (1)表示不定數(shù)量時,一般用some, much, a little, a lot of, lots of, plenty of等來表示。 一些水 some water;一點兒牛奶 a little milk,(2)表示確定數(shù)量時,一般用“數(shù)詞+量詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)數(shù)詞大于1時,后面的量詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 一片面包 a piece of bread;兩杯水 two glasses of water;三袋米 three bags of rice,注意 a lot of, lots of, some, plenty of等既能修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),又能修飾不可數(shù)名詞。,【歸納】 常見

4、的不可數(shù)名詞見下表:,2.既可數(shù)又不可數(shù)的名詞 有些名詞既能用作可數(shù)名詞又能用作不可數(shù)名詞,但意義不同。,（續(xù)表）,考點三名詞所有格,1.名詞所有格用于表示名詞之間的所有關(guān)系,有兩種形式: 一種是詞尾加s ;另一種是介詞of后加名詞。,2.名詞所有格的構(gòu)成規(guī)則如下,（續(xù)表）,（續(xù)表）,（續(xù)表）,考點四名詞的功能,1.作主語 My sister likes reading and traveling, and I like swimming. 我姐姐喜歡閱讀和旅行。我喜歡游泳。 Two hours is enough for me to finish the homework. 對我來說兩個小時

5、已經(jīng)足夠完成作業(yè)了。,2.作定語 (1)名詞作定語,一般用單數(shù)形式,如computer game電腦游戲, country music鄉(xiāng)村音樂 (2)個別名詞作定語,要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,如clothes store服裝店, sports meeting運(yùn)動會 (3)復(fù)合名詞作定語,其結(jié)構(gòu)為“數(shù)詞+連字符+名詞單數(shù)”,也可以用“數(shù)詞+名詞所有格”形式,如a three-day holiday=three days holiday 為期三天的假期,考點五名詞構(gòu)詞法派生法,（續(xù)表）,句意填詞 1.2019吉林The coldest season of the year is . 2.2018吉林Ive h

6、eard many beautiful clothes are on_ in the clothes store.Lets go shopping now. 3.2018長春These students always sing an English before class. 4.2017吉林Mulan took her fathers to fight in the army. 5.2017長春Theres no doubt that is the coldest season of the year in China.,winter,sale/show/display,song,place,winter,6.2016吉林He was very excited to buy a to that basketball game. 7.2016長春You must return the book in fifteen days.Its a of our library. 8.2015吉林My mother was cooking in the when I came back home. 9.201