進階英語綜合教程3U5 Key to Exercises

1、Key to ExercisesOpenerSuggested answers for reference: 1. Senior citizens, handicapped people, mothers with young children. 2. There are multiple benefits. For one thing, self-driving cars are safer. For another, they get handicapped people from one place to another, which was previously denied to s

2、uch people. Thirdly, instead of driving, mothers can spend more quality time with their children. 3. Businesspeople who want to catch up on reading and communications when travelling by road. News reporters who could send reports back to headquarters right after an interview. Paramedics who could fo

3、cus on caring for patients on the way to hospital. Transcript: Today, we have something extra special for you guys. And you guys will be some of the first people outside of our team and outside of Google to have a drive in it. Ah, there it is! Wow! Isnt that cute? Go ahead. Ok, Annie, here we go. Hi

4、, Connie, lets go. There is no steering wheel in the wagon. It was a big decision for us to go and start building our purpose-built vehicles and really theyre prototype vehicles. They were a chance for us to explore what it really means to have a self-driving vehicle. But in a small amount of time w

5、eve been working on it, now we have functional prototypes. Its exciting. Oh its really cool. It was like really a kind of space-age experience. Oh, OK. Were like queens. You sit, relax, you dont have to do nothing. It knows when to stop, it knows when to go. It actually rides better than my own car.

6、 Yes, true. What she really liked was that it slowed down before it went around a curve, and then accelerated in the curve. Shes always trying to get me to do it that way. Thats the way I learned in high school drivers ed. So if I had a self-driving car, I could spend more time hanging out with my k

7、ids or helping them with their homework, even just tending to them, finding out how their day was and not having to wait until you get home and have dinner and all that. So it would be good. Human feeling of it is very well engineered and its very smooth. There is nothing that makes it feel the leas

8、t bit threatening. Impressive. Im totally in love with this whole concept. Our lives are made up of lots and lots of little things, and a lot of those little things for most people have to do with getting from place to place. And in order to connect and do things, to be with people, go places that t

9、hey need to go, and do things. And so there is a big part of my life thats missing, and there is a big part of my life that a self-driving vehicle would bring back to me. This is the first step for us and its really exciting to see the progress weve made. The opportunities for people to just move ar

10、ound, and not worry about it. Its gonna be incredibly empowering and incredibly powerful for people. I love this! Reading & InteractingI. Understanding the Text 1. Text Organization ParagraphsFunctionsMain IdeasParas. 12Providing background information to this research The ancient game of Go is prof

11、oundly complexPara. 3Summarizing what has and has not been done by other researchers to show that this research is original and a step forward AI researchers had tried very hard, but until this research, computers could only play Go as well as amateurs.Paras. 45Describing the different stages and th

12、e methods used in this research 1) AlphaGo, a system that combines an advanced tree search with deep neural networks, was built. 2) The neural networks were trained on 30 million moves from games played by human experts. 3) AlphaGo learned to discover new strategies for itself. Para. 6Presenting the

13、 actual results of this research 1) AlphaGo beat top computer Go programs. 2) AlphaGo beat European Go champion Fan Hui. Paras. 78Discussing the importance of this research and pointing out the next steps for research 1) Hopefully, in the future, general machine learning principles can be used to so

14、lve important realworld problems. 2) Next, AlphaGo will challenge the top Go player in the world. 2. Comprehension Check 2.1 Digging into detail 1. Because there are 10170 possible positions thats more than the number of atoms in the universe, and more than a googol times larger than chess. 2. They

15、use games as a testing ground to invent smart, flexible algorithms that can tackle problems, sometimes in ways similar to humans. 3. Traditional AI methods construct a search tree over all possible positions, whereas the methods used in AlphaGo combine an advanced tree search with deep neural networ

16、ks. 4. Learning through repeated trials, through which errors are corrected and correct solutions become knowledge. 5. Because the same techniques can be used to tackle real-world problems. 2.2 Understanding difficult sentences 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. B II. Focusing on Language in Context 1. Key Word

17、s & Expressions 1.1 1. My brother and I take/took turns walking the family dog. 2. It is said that these sandstorms originate in the desert. 3. The coming public performance, her first one, will certainly put the young singer to the test. 4. Who is crazy enough to go swimming when there is a layer o

18、f ice on the lake? 5. The police found no connection between any of the suspects and the victim. 6. Efforts are being made to construct a more sustainable housing system in the city. 7. Both presidents agreed that the talks had been fruitful. 8. Intellectual capital is of increasing importance to an

19、 organization. 9. They found themselves in the heart of rebel-held territory, and there was no way out. 10. John thanked his friend Mary and said it was always wise to trust a womans intuition. 11. Nobody has really cracked the problem of targeting advertising only to the right customers. 12. The 9/

20、11 terrorist attacks changed the lives of many Americans in a profound way. 13. Can you call back in two hours? I need time to process these questions. 14. Your intellect is wasted on that job. Why not quit it and work for me? 15. Lets face reality and make some tough decisions as to which factories

21、 we are to close. 16. It was no easy job for our soccer team to best theirs. 1.2 1. to date 2. get the better of 3. essential 4. worldwide 5. homed in on 6. select 7. extensive 8. reigning 1.3 1. The quarrel originates/originated in a misunderstanding. 2. German universities are at/in the forefront

22、of removing tuition from students. 3. The invention of the jet engine was a breakthrough in air transport. 4. If you study abroad, it may take you some time to adjust (yourself) to the local environment. 5. This article offers a detailed analysis of Chinas space program. 2. Word Formation 2.1 nickna

23、me onlooker earth-shattering far-fetched setback paperwork overcome sightseeing undertake highlight 2.2 1. You may think this a far-fetched theory, but I believe it to be the true one. 2. His nickname was Lefty because he was left-handed. 3. Markus, 34 years old at the time, decided not to let the s

24、etback defeat him, but to start a new career in law. 4. Owing to her husbands failing eyesight, she undertook the job of answering all his mail. 5. It turns out that they dont really have the paperwork to prove they actually own the house! 3. Sentence Patterns 3.1 1. It is the first time that the pa

25、inting has been shown outside China. 2. I think it is the first time he has worked so hard. 3. It was the first time that Ann had watched a whale at such a close distance. 3.2 1. She doesnt study. Instead, she plays tennis all day. 2. Rachel didnt marry Barry. Instead they broke up. 3. It was not ou

26、r tradition to drink milk. Instead we Chinese had other sources of protein and calcium tofu and vegetables. 4. Comprehensive Practice 4.1 Those who champion the cause of artificial intelligence are celebrating a breakthrough. For computer scientists have managed to crack the problem of how to constr

27、uct a computer that can play the ancient game of Go better than humans. In tournaments with grand masters the computer has got the better of them, defeating one opponent after another. Some welcome the greater power of computers, arguing they will be willing slaves in helping us tackle our problems.

28、 Others, like the great scientist Stephen Hawking, fear computers may eventually become independent of us and bring the reign of human beings to an end. 4.2 I am a race car designer. In recent years I have been greatly interested in constructing a race car with artificial intelligence. In my imagina

29、tion, the race car Im going to invent will collect raw data through video cameras and sensors. It will have strong data processing abilities. It can adjust to the environment, deciding when to accelerate or slow down in a flexible manner. You know, race car drivers always rely on intuition when sele

30、cting strategies, but intuition may fail if the person is tense. Artificial intelligence never feels tense, so it is safer. Once Ive tackled the challenging problems in design, I will build a new race car and take it to a tournament. I hope it will top all opponents and become a champion. Reading &

31、ComprehendingReading 1 1. Comprehension Check for Reading 1 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T 6. T 7. F 8. T 9. T 10. F 2. Translation 1. 魔法手環(huán)是一款內(nèi)嵌許多技術的腕帶，每一位去迪士尼奇幻王國游玩的客人都可以用上。它內(nèi)含一個長距 離無線電裝置，能把信號傳輸?shù)椒綀A40英尺開外。 2. 快速通道用戶可以登上開往樂園的穿梭巴士、入住酒店。他們不需要為行李操心，因為每件行李在你起飛 的機場都做了標記，會跟著你到達酒店，然后到你的客房。 3. 魔法手環(huán)只需要你設置一個日程，就會替你規(guī)

32、劃好行進路線。其他一切都會按照你的選擇展開。這種輕松 的感覺和隨之而來的一切，就會讓你更想下次再來。 4. 魔法手環(huán)讓員工們超越交易，上升到交互空間，為游客提供個性化的體驗。 Reading 2 Comprehension Check for Reading 2 1. Because the passenger just needs to enter in the destination in his smartphone app and press a button. The plane will vertically take off, fly from point A to point

33、B, and land. 2. 1) There is a fail-safe system that will automatically land the vehicle if it senses that any component on the machine is damaged. 2) EHang will also have a command center that employs people to monitor every 184 in the air 24/7.3. 1) Having no sense-and-avoid technology in an autono

34、mous machine carrying people around seems like a mistake. 2) Government regulators may have some issues with it. 3) It wont be cheap. 4. Big cities with lots of street traffic. Integrated Skills PracticingI. Viewing & Listening 1) Did you notice stores tracking your every move may have finally taken

35、 it too far? Targets advanced advertising system even knew about a teenage girls pregnancy before she could break the news to her own father. And he found it out when the store sent her maternity deals in the mail. The story now is sparking debate over whether companies marketing techniques are goin

36、g too far. 2) So Art, I guess the argument here is that she probably shopped at Target, and she was buying things that might lead you to believe that she was pregnant. And Target tracks that, and so then they send her coupons and deals based on what shes already purchased. Do I have it correct? 3) T

37、he privacy protection is a joke. They dont really tell you what they do to protect your privacy about your shopping habits. They can sell this information to other companies. They basically in a sense ask you to wave off all your rights. 4) Predicative analytics leverages data. Organizations are pil

38、ing up amazing piles of data that is just exploding. Its extremely valuable. And the reason is, because it enables all sorts of organizations, companies and all sorts of other types of organizations, government, crime criminal enforcement, all these kinds of stuff, to learn. You could learn to predi

39、ct what people are going to do. Transcript Anchorwoman: So, did you notice stores tracking your every move? Well, may have finally taken it too far? Targets advanced advertising system even knew about a teenage girls pregnancy before she could break the news to her own father. And he found it out wh

40、en the store sent her maternity deals in the mail. The story now is sparking debate over whether companies marketing techniques are going too far. Eric Siegel is an expert in predicative analytics, the same technique stores like Target use. And Art Caplan is the Director of the Center for Bioethics

41、in the University of Pennsylvania. They are my guests to the debate this morning. Good morning, Gentlemen! Eric and Art: Good morning! Anchorwoman: All right, so Eric, let me start with you, since you deal in this type of thing. So how did Target know that this teen was pregnant?Eric: Eh, thats actu

42、ally not what happened. This New York Times article is misleading. Um, it clearly implies that Target has the sort of supernatural ability to accurately predict who is pregnant, who isnt. But the fact is, that generally this kind of work doesnt have accurate prediction. And companies can gain a whol

43、e lot by just predicting better than guessing. Its not medical diagnosis, its not based on medical information. And the story about the teenage pregnant girl whose father found out through Target. Its implied in this article thats connected to their work trying to predict pregnancy using this predic

44、ative technology, but thats only an implication and the source of that particular anecdote is not given. Anchorwoman: So, Art, I guess the argument here is that she probably shopped at Target, and she was buying things that might lead you to believe that she was pregnant. And Target tracks that, and

45、 so then they send her coupons and deals based on what shes already purchased. Do I have it correct? Art: Exactly. So whether theyre making a good guess, they basically watch your shopping habits, and think, Oh, youre buying diapers, youre buying this and that, maybe you need some more diapers. And

46、all of a sudden, coupons are arriving, and anyone in the family obviously can see those coupons and wonder why are we getting this stuff all of a sudden. Anchorwoman: So, what problem do you have with this kind of technology and this predicative analytics, Art? Art: So, if you go and look, I mean in

47、 one sense were all responsible. We signed the waiver. Theres always some gobbledygook thats on the website, for example, with these bonus cards and honor cards. But I actually went, stimulated by this Target story, to sites that sell liquor and ammo and, uh, fatty foods and other things. The privac

48、y protection is a joke. They dont really tell you what they do to protect your privacy about your shopping habits. They can sell this information to other companies. They basically, uh, in a sense ask you to wave off all your rights. I urge people to go look at those privacy statements. We got to toughen up here and say, You kn