2014八年級英語下冊unit7 hope.ppt

1、Unit 7 Whats the highest mountain in the world?,Section A 1a-2d,1. Feel free to ask me anything on todays Great Wall tour. 在今天的長城游中，大家盡管問我任何問題，不要拘束。 feel free是英語口語中一個常用表達。若有人讓你feel free to do something,就是讓你無需拘束，只管按照自己的意愿去做某事。 e.g. A: Can I use your bathroom? 我可以用一下你的衛(wèi)生間嗎？ B: Yes, feel free.可以，請隨意。,L

2、anguage points,2. As far as I know, there are no man-made objects as big as this. 據(jù)我所知，再沒有像它這樣大的人造物體了。 as far as I know 是一個固定的表達方式，還可以說so far as I know，意思是“據(jù)我所知”。 例如： As far as I know, Jacks got twin sisters. 就我所知，杰克有一對孿生姐妹。 Theyre not coming today, so far as I know. 他們今天不來了 就我所知是這樣的。,3. Even more s

3、erious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. 更加嚴峻的困難包括極冷的天氣狀況和巨大的風暴。 1）difficulty既可作可數(shù)名詞也可作不可數(shù)名詞，在此用作可數(shù)名詞。作可數(shù)名詞時, difficulty通常用作復數(shù)，表示具體概念，即：各種各樣的“困難；難題；難事”。,例如： People learning a new language may face some difficulties. 人們學習一門新的語言 時可能會遇到一些困難。 If you have any difficulties

4、, you can call me for help. 如果你遇到任何困難，給我打電話求助好了。,作不可數(shù)名詞時，difficulty可譯作“困難；艱難；辛苦；費勁”， 例如： He had great difficulty in finding a new job. 他找新的 工作費了很大勁。. We found the house without difficulty. 我們輕而易舉地找到廣那座房子。,2）include表示“包括；包含”，是一個及物動詞。 例如： Does your price of the bike include this light? 你們的車價包含這盞車燈嗎？,5

5、. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. 這些登山者的精神向我們表明：我們絕不應該放棄實現(xiàn)自己夢想的嘗試。 1）give up doing something 的意思是“放棄做某事；半途而廢” He gave up learning a third language after he got the job. 他找到工作之后就放棄了對第三門語言的學習。,2 ) achieve our dreams 相當于make our dreams co

6、me true 其中動詞achieve表示“（通過努力）實現(xiàn)；取得；獲取；達到（夢想、成績、成功、目的)”等。 例如： He achieved great success in a short time. 他用很短的時間取得了極大的成功。 Lin Tao achieved very good exam results. 林濤考試取得了 很好的成績。,1. they run over with excitement and some of them even walk into their friends and fall over! 它們地跑過去，其中一些甚至撞上自己的伙伴而跌倒！ 此句中ru

7、n over； walk into和fall over均為短語動詞。,Language points,run over的意思是“跑上前去；跑過去”， 其中over用作副詞，表示“從的 一邊到另一邊；穿越”。例如： She ran over to say hello, but I didnt recognize her. 她跑過來打招呼，但我沒有認出她來。,walk into表示“(走路時意外地）撞上”。 例如： As he was thinking too deeply and not paying attention to where he was going； he walked stra

8、ight into a tree. 由于他陷入沉思，沒有注意看路，徑直撞到了一棵樹上。,3) fall over表示“摔倒；跌跤；倒下”。 例如： Dont run too fast, or you might fall over. 別跑得太快，要不你會摔跤的。 Many trees fell over after the storm. 暴風雨后許多樹木都倒了。 fall over something則表示“被某物絆倒”， 例如： Tommy fell over the dog and broke his front teeth. 湯米被那只狗絆了一跤，磕斷了門牙。,2. Scientists

9、 say there are now fewer than 2,000 pandas living in the remaining forest. 科學家們說：如今生活在現(xiàn)存森林里的熊貓不足2000只。 此舉中l(wèi)iving in the remaining forest是一個現(xiàn)在分詞短語，用作定語，修飾名詞pandas. 又如： the girls singing under the tree 樹底下唱歌的姑娘們 the women washing clothes by the river 河邊洗衣服的婦女們,Grammar Focus,(一)數(shù)詞 Numeral,數(shù)詞是用來表示事物的數(shù)目和

10、順序的詞。,數(shù)詞的分類： 1.基數(shù)詞 2.序數(shù)詞 3.分數(shù)詞 今天我們先來學習一下基數(shù)詞。,1. 復習1100以內的所有數(shù)字。 2. 掌握百、千、萬、十萬、百萬的表達法。,1、1-19的基數(shù)詞,one 1 two 2 three 3 four 4 five 5,six 6 seven 7 eight 8 nine 9 ten 10,eleven 11 twelve 12 thirteen 13 fourteen 14,fifteen 15 sixteen 16 seventeen 17 eighteen 18 nineteen 19,2、2090等十位數(shù),twenty 20 thirty 30

11、 forty 40 fifty 50 sixty 60 seventy 70 eighty 80 ninety 90,twenty-one 21 twenty-two 22 其它的十位數(shù)照此類推，如： thirty-one 31 forty-two 42 seventy-five 75 ninety-six 96,3、百、千、萬,百 hundred 100 one hundred 200 two hundred 以此類推 千 thousand 1 000 one thousand 2 000 two thousand 英語里沒有“萬”這一單位，萬也用thousand表示。如：10 000 te

12、n thousand 一萬20 000 twenty thousand 兩萬,4、十萬、百萬,十萬的說法是： 100.000 a (one) hundred thousand 200.000 two hundred thousand million 百萬 a (one) million 1,000,000 two million 2,000,000 以此類推 8,000,000 eight million,練一練 345 1001 18,657,421,three hundred and forty-five,one thousand (and) one,eighteen million, s

13、ix hundred and fifty-seven thousand, four hundred and twenty-one,The project lasted 5 years and cost 2 billion dollars. 2. The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years. 3. One thousand pounds is a lot of money.,表示確定數(shù)量時 用基數(shù)詞+ hundred，thousand，million，billion,表示不確切數(shù)目時，這類詞后加-s且與of連 用。如： hu

14、ndreds of people thousands of students millions of birds billions of lions 注意：這類短語中，名詞前如有定冠詞、指 示代詞或形容詞性物主代詞時，可加of, 但 表示的是范圍。如：two hundred of the workers工人中的二百（人）,Grammar Focus,(二)形容詞的比較級和最高級 comparatives and superlatives with adj. and adv.,大多數(shù)形容詞和副詞有三個等級： 原級、比較級、最高級。 一、形容詞比較級的構成 1.構成的不規(guī)則變化: 2.構成的規(guī)則變

15、化:,形容詞和副詞的比較級,late later - latest,early earlier earliest,big bigger- biggest,fluently/difficult more, most,重讀閉音節(jié)、末尾只有一個 輔音字母雙寫加 er 或 est,單音節(jié)詞在詞尾比較級加- er或最高級加- est,以e結尾的詞，只需加r 或st,以輔音字母加 y 結尾雙音節(jié)詞變 y 為 i 加 er 或 est,部分雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞在原級前加 more 或 most,少數(shù)以er,ow 結尾的雙音節(jié)詞加-er -est,tall taller- tallest,clever cleve

16、rer-cleverest,cheap, cold, small, warm, young, high,fine, nice, safe,happy, busy, dirty, easy, lazy, pretty,fat, hot, red, thin, wet, sad,narrow, yellow,quickly, slowly, useful, careful, popular, modern,形容詞和副詞比較級和最高級構成 (規(guī)則變化),1. 構成的不規(guī)則變化: e.g.,carefully-more carefully-most carefully quickly-more qui

17、ckly -most quickly slowly-more slowly -most slowly easily- more easily -most easily,形容詞和副詞比較級的用法,1.表示兩者之間的選擇, 可用“Which/Who + 比較，or?”.,2.表示兩者之間的比較，通常用連詞 than 引導， 表示“更一些”,3.much/far/a lot, even ,still ,a little/a bit 修飾比較級,表示程度.,Who runs faster, he or she?,He runs faster than she.,He runs much faster

18、than she.,4. “比較級+and+比較級”表示“越來越”,5. “the+比較級 , the + 比較級”表示“ 越, 越 ”,6. 表示不及另一方時，用“l(fā)ess+原級+than” (雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞),He becomes healthier and healthier.,The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.,She is less healthy than he.,He is healthier than she.,Shanghai is becoming more and more modern.,1.比較級 +

19、and +比較級 越來越 2.the+比較級 , the + 比較級 越, 越 ,3._you are, _mistakes you will make. (你越仔細，做錯的題目就越少） 4. _you eat, _youll be. (你吃得越多,就越胖) 5. Alice writes well. Mary writes _ than she. (甚至更好）,The more careful,the fewer,The more,the fatter,1.The girl becomes _. (越來越漂亮）,more and more beautiful,2. The weather i

20、s getting _. (越來越槽糕）,worse and worse,even / still better,用法：英語中三者或三者以上相比較，表示 “最” 這樣的最高程度概念時，要用 “the+最高級” 的結構表示。這種句式一般帶有表示比較的介詞短語，比如: in our class, of the three 等。 例如：Wang Lin is the tallest in our class. This theater is the cheapest of the three. 注意使用最高級時應注意以下幾點：,形容詞的最高級,(1) 表示 “最之一” 的句式，要用 one of t

21、he +形容詞最高級+復數(shù)名詞。 例如: Jingjiang Hotel is one of the biggest hotels in our city. Lisa is one of my best friends. (2) 當最高級前面有物主代詞或名詞所有格時， 不加定冠詞 the。 例如：Tom is Lucys best friend. Tuesday is her busiest day.,(3) 最高級前可加序數(shù)詞。 例如：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. (4) 形容最高級修飾作表語或介詞賓語的名詞，代

22、詞時，被修飾的詞往往省略。 例如：He is the laziest (student) in our class.,1.表示三者或三者以上比較,可用”Which/Who +最高級,or ?”表示.,2. 最高級+of/among (同類比較) in (范圍比較),4.one of +,形容詞最高級,+名詞復數(shù)表示“最 之一”,3. 序數(shù)詞修飾最高級,形容詞和副詞的最高級的用法,Who is the tallest, Tom , Mike , or Jack?,Tom is the tallest of the three.,Mike is the second tallest student

23、 in our class.,Jack is one of the tallest students in our class.,Tom runs (the) fastest in our class.,3. Lin Tao is _ in the class because he never gets to school on time. （最懶的學生之一） 4. Edison was_ in the world. (最偉大的發(fā)明家之一）,one of the laziest students,one of the greatest inventors,The Yangtze River i

24、s_ river in the world. (第三長河）,the third longest,2. The Atlantic is _ ocean in the world. ( 第二大洋）,the second biggest,Exercise:,一、翻譯句子：,1.Hainan is a very large Island .It is the second _ island in china. (large) 2.Our teacher is as _ as before. (busy). 3.He is _ among us. (careful) 4.Li Lei jumped fa

25、r _ than Jim. (far) 5.The busier he is, the _ he feels. (happy) 6.I think Yao Ming is one of _ basketball players in NBA. (hot),busy,the most careful,farther,happier,largest,the hottest,三、完成句子,二、同義句轉換,1. Flat A is more expensive than Flat B Flat B is _ _ than Flat A. Flat B is _ _ Flat A. Flat B is

26、not _ _ _ Flat A.,2. I prefer maths to English. I like maths _ English.,better than,3.He is the tallest student in the class. He is _ in the class.,taller than any other student,any other +名詞單數(shù),less,expensive,cheaper,than,as,expensive,as,1. Paul is very _ . He is _ than his brother . A. heavy - heav

27、ierB. heavy - heavy C. heavier - heavier D. heavy-heavyer 2. It has the _ clothing store in the town. A. goodest B. gooddest C. best D. better 3. This ruler is _ than that one. A. long B. longer C. the longest D. longest 4. This book is _ of all. A. cheapest B. cheap D. cheaper D. the cheapest 5. He

28、 is much _ than his brother. A. taller B. tall C. the tallest D. tallest 6. Li Lei is _ older than Lucy. A. quite B. very C. much D. more,一. 單選。,7. This is one of _ films of this year. A. more exciting B. exciting C. the most exciting D. most exciting 8. The weather in Beijing is colder than_. A. in Guangzhou B. Guangzhou C. that in Guangzhou D. that from Guangzhou 9. Tom is _ of the two boys. A. taller B. tal