TheiglooVSThecave.ppt

1、The igloo VS The cave,組員： 王麗 彭翠霞 朱婷婷 周麗 姚僥 李晶晶 唐紫茹 田甜,The Inuit are a group of culturally similar indigenous peoples inhabiting the Arctic regions of Canada (Northwest Territories, Nunatsiavut, Nunavik, Nunavut, Nunatukavut), Denmark (Greenland), Russia (Siberia) and the United States (Alaska). Inui

2、t means “the people” in the Inuit language. In Canada and Greenland, the Natives prefer the word Inuit. As they consider Eskimo pejorative, it has fallen out of favor.,Introduce the igloo,An igloo or snowhouse is a type of shelter built of snow, originally built by the Eskimo. Although igloos are us

3、ually associated with all Inuit, they were predominantly constructed by people of Canadas Central Arctic and Greenlands area. Other Eskimo people tended to use snow to insulate their houses. Snow is used because the air pockets trapped in it make it an insulator.,Where do they lead their lives,Their

4、 life,In summer they hunted a type of deer and in winter built small round houses with blocks of snow. They made clothes and shoes from furs and from skins of seals. They made use of animal bones, which they carved into basic tools. They lived on fish and meat and used to make holes in the ice and c

5、atch fish and seals.,What is probably the worlds largest igloo in norway ,it is a hotel made of snow and ice that is rebuilt every winter . Even the beds ,tables and chairs are carved out of ice.,the largest igloo,雪屋（叫冰屋更準(zhǔn)確）。其建筑材料就是一條條長方形的大冰塊，建筑方法是先將冰塊交錯(cuò)堆壘成饅頭形的小屋，再在冰塊之間澆水，很快便凍成一體，密不透風(fēng)。絕對稱得上是無污染建材，無公

6、害施工。這是加拿大愛斯基摩人的獨(dú)創(chuàng)，至今仍可見到，但多用于旅游觀光領(lǐng)域了。,igloo 的建筑特點(diǎn),用來建造冰屋的雪必須有足夠大的建筑學(xué)強(qiáng)度，能夠切割成塊狀，并且能夠按一定的條件堆積起來。最佳的建筑材料是被風(fēng)吹制而成的雪，這樣的雪能夠緊密地堆積并通過冰晶互相粘接。冰屋頂部一般開有一個(gè)通風(fēng)口，位置比圓頂最高點(diǎn)略低些。有時(shí)候，在出口還會挖一條短地道，這樣一來，不僅可以抵御狂風(fēng)，還可以在開門的時(shí)候大大減少屋內(nèi)熱量的散失。由于雪是極好的絕緣和絕熱材料，在住人用的冰屋中，居住條件相當(dāng)舒適 。 中央愛斯基摩人（特別是居住在戴維斯海峽（Davis Strait）附近的愛斯基摩人）往往習(xí)慣于用獸皮將冰屋周圍起

7、來。這樣做能把室內(nèi)溫度從2C大幅提升到10-20C。 在建筑學(xué)意義上，冰屋的最獨(dú)特之處就是它的圓頂。只需用一塊塊雪塊按規(guī)律堆砌，這樣的圓頂就可以建造起來了，而且外觀相當(dāng)平整且非常牢固，根本不需要現(xiàn)有的任何支承結(jié)構(gòu)。,The Cave of China,More than 30 millon chinese people live in caves. Many of them in shanxi provice where the Loss Plateau ,with its distinctive cliffs of fellow , porous soil ,makes digging ea

8、sey and care dwelling a reasonable option, each of the provices caves . Yaodong ,in chinese ,typically has a long vaulted room dug into the side of a mountain with a semicircular entrance covered with rice paper or colorful quilts,The begining of cave,The Cave topology is one of the earlist human ar

9、chitectural formas ,there are cave in France in Spain, people still living in cave in India ,but what is unique to China is the ongoing history it has hd over two millennium.,Cave is green,In recent years,architects have been reappraising the cave in environment terms, and they like what they see, i

10、t is energy efficient ,the farmers can save their arable land for planting if they build their house in the slope , it doesnt take much money or skill to build .then again ,it doesnt suit modern complicated lifestyle way.people want to have a frige , washing machine and television.,New designs,We desi