模塊六第一單元語(yǔ)法

1、M6U1Grammar and Usage,Overview: infinitive, verb-ing 若說(shuō)明的是人(sb.)的特性, 則用_.,It is nice_ you to help me with my English. 2. It is necessary _you to improve your spoken English.,of,for,for,of,II. 動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)還有以下兩個(gè)習(xí)慣表達(dá)法,1. It is no use (good) + 動(dòng)名詞 做某事沒(méi)用(不好),E.g: *Its no use crying over spilt milk. _。 *在公共場(chǎng)合隨

2、地吐痰(spit)不好。 _. *未來(lái)的事無(wú)法知道。 _.,2. There is no + doing(動(dòng)名詞) (= It is impossible to do sth.),覆水難收,Its no good spitting in public,There is no knowing what may happen,1. 散步是鍛煉的一種好方法。 2. 教這些孩子是我今天下午的工作。,Walking is a good form of exercise.,To teach these children is my job this afternoon.,III. 動(dòng)名詞和不定式作主語(yǔ)的區(qū)

3、別,總結(jié): 不定式和動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)的區(qū)別,to do作主語(yǔ)時(shí)常表示某一次具體的動(dòng)作, 具有偶然性; doing(動(dòng)名詞)表示習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作, 往往表 抽象概念。 注意: 該規(guī)則同樣適用于作賓語(yǔ), 表語(yǔ). 比如: like to do / like doing,Practice -What do you think made Mary so upset? -_ her new bike. A. As she lostB. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing,C,(二)不定式/動(dòng)名詞/分詞作定語(yǔ),1. She has no pencil _. A. to write

4、 with B. to write about C. to write D. write in 2. She said she had a important meeting _. A. to attend in B. to attend C. attend D. attending,A,B,若作定語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式是vi, 后必須要 有介詞,I. 不定式作定語(yǔ),3. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role _ in making the earth a better place to live.

5、A. to have played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing,B,不定式做定語(yǔ)時(shí): (1). to do 表示事情由句子主語(yǔ)自己做; (2). to be done 表示事情由別人做;,4. Im thirsty. Would you please give me something _. A. drunk B. to drink C. to be drunk D. for drinking 5. He is always the first _ questions. A. to answer B. answering C. to

6、be answered D. being answered,B,A,不定式常作不定代詞和序數(shù)詞的 后置定語(yǔ),不定式作定語(yǔ)總結(jié)： 1. 若作定語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式是vi, 后必須 要有介詞; 2. (1). to do 表示事情由句子主語(yǔ)自己做; (2). to be done 表示事情由別人做; 3. 不定式常作不定代詞和序數(shù)詞的 后置定語(yǔ)。,II. 動(dòng)名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別,總結(jié): (1) 動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)表示所修飾的名詞的 功能或用途, 可用for改寫(xiě)； (2) 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表示“主動(dòng)/正在進(jìn) 行”或“令人感覺(jué)”可用定語(yǔ)從 句改寫(xiě)。,swimming pool, waiting room, w

7、alking stick a sleeping car = a car _ _ a sleeping child = a child _ _ _,for sleeping,who is sleeping,III. 現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),飄雪_ 落葉_ The underground system _ _ (build) now in the city will be open next year. 總結(jié): v-ing現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ): _ _ v-ed過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ): _ _,falling snow,fallen leaves,being built,表示“主動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行/ 令人感覺(jué)怎么樣

8、”,表示“被動(dòng)，已完成/ 人自身感覺(jué)怎么樣”,Practice The court hears about 120 cases a year and visitors are welcome to see a case _. A. arguedB. to be argued C. to be arguingD. being argued 2. Anyone _ bags, boxes, or whatever, was stopped by the police. A. seen carryB. seen carrying C. saw to carry D. saw carrying 3.

9、We looked everywhere for the keys, but they were nowhere _. A. to findB. to have found C. to be foundD. being found,D,B,C,(三) 補(bǔ)足語(yǔ): 主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 如果不相同, 分詞前必須加上 自己的主語(yǔ), 這種結(jié)構(gòu)被稱(chēng)為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 E.g: The moon appearing, we began to set off. If time permits, I will stay for another week. =_, I will stay for another week.

10、,Time permitting,(五)下列詞通常為以下形式出現(xiàn) -垂懸狀語(yǔ) judging from/by supposing considering taking into consideration/account generally/strictly/frankly/roughly speaking speaking of providing/ provided(倘若) given (就而言) compared with/ to to tell (you) the truth = to be honest to make matters worse,(六) 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的常見(jiàn)變形 1.

11、不定式 to do 一般式 to be done 一般式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) to have done 完成式 to have been done 完成式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) for/of sb. to do sth 不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) 2. 動(dòng)名詞 doing 一般式 being done 被動(dòng) sbs doing 動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),3. 分詞 doing 主動(dòng)/正在進(jìn)行 being done 正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作的被動(dòng) having done 該動(dòng)作早于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作 having been done 完成式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) done 被動(dòng)/已完成 sb./sth. doing 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu) sb./sth. done 獨(dú)立主

12、格結(jié)構(gòu) 4. 所有非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定是，都是將 not前置 5. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的前后結(jié)構(gòu)要對(duì)稱(chēng)。,必背常見(jiàn)的帶不定式的短語(yǔ)： be supposed to do 應(yīng)該做某事 go all out to do 全力以赴做某事 have the nerve to do 有膽量做某事 have a great mind to do 很想做某事 make up ones mind to do 決定做某事 make a point to do 堅(jiān)持做某事 prepare oneself to do 有思想準(zhǔn)備做某事 take the trouble to do 不辭辛苦地做某事,必背 常見(jiàn)的帶介詞to的短語(yǔ)

13、： be used to 習(xí)慣 be related to與有關(guān) get down to 著手做 be addicted to 沉溺于 put ones mind to全神貫注于 give rise to 引起 stick to 堅(jiān)持 be equal to 勝任 object to 反對(duì) devote oneself to 獻(xiàn)身于 lead to 導(dǎo)致 be opposed to 反對(duì) look forward to 盼望,Module 6 Unit1 Grammar and Usage 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞復(fù)習(xí)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí),專(zhuān)練Keys: 1-5: ABAAB;6-10: CBCDA 11-15: DA

14、CAA;16-20: AADCD 21-25: BDDBA;26-30: BDBBA 31-35: DDBBC;36-40: ABDCB 41-45: BCAAA,She took her son, ran out of the house, _ him in the car and drove quickly to the nearest doctors office. A. putB. to put C. putting D. having put 2. Hearing the news, he rushed out, _ the book _ on the table and disap

15、peared into the distance. A. left; lain open B. leaving; lying open C. leaving; lie opened D. left; lay opened,A,B,3. The old professor told us every part of the materials should be made use of _ the power station. A. to buildB. building C. build D. built 4. Most of the people_ to the party were fam

16、ous scientists. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting 5. When youre learning to drive, _ a good teacher makes a big difference. A. haveB. having C. and haveD. and having,A,A,B,6. I felt it a great honour _ to speak to you. A. to askB. asking C. to be asked D. having asked 7. Mr Reed m

17、ade up his mind to devote all he had to _ some schools for poor children. A. set upB. setting up C. have set upD. having set up 8. -Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day? -_ enough nutrition as you are growing up. A. Get B. Getting C. To getD. to be getting,C,B,C,9. The man you referred to _ just now. A. comesB. come C. coming D. came 10. I think this is the