狀語從句ppt模版課件.ppt

1、,The Adverbial Clause,狀語從句是主從復(fù)合句的一種。主從復(fù)合句 是由一個主句和一個或一個以上的從句構(gòu)成的。 主句是復(fù)合句的主體，從句僅僅是主句的一個 成分，它從屬于主句，不能獨立。從句在全句中 充當(dāng)什么成分，就叫什么從句。狀語從句在復(fù)合 句中充當(dāng)狀語的句子就叫做狀語從句。,了解狀語從句,狀語從句修飾主句中的動詞、形容詞、副詞、以及整個句子。 狀語從句本身的意思可分為時間、地點、原因、條件、目的、結(jié)果、讓步、比較狀語從句等。 狀語從句在主句前,一般用逗號與主句分開；狀語從句在主句之后，一般不用逗號。,不同引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的狀語從句,由從屬連詞 if 、 unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從

2、句,由從屬連詞 when 、after、 before、 since、till, until ( not )、 while 、 as soon as、as 引等導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句,由從屬連詞 because、 as、 since、 和 now that 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句,由從屬連詞 though、although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句,由從屬連詞 so that 引等導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句,由從屬連詞that,so that,in order that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句,由從屬連詞 than、 thethe、asas , not so (as) as 引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句,由從屬連詞 where、 whe

3、rever 引導(dǎo)的地點狀語從句,由從屬連詞 if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句,一. ( 1 ) if the Adverbial Clause of Condition 1. 如果明天不下雨，我們就去郊游。 If it doesnt rain tomorrow, well go for an outing. 2. 如果你不快點，就要遲到了。 If you dont hurry,you will be late. 3. 如果他來的話，請通知我。 Please tell me if he comes.,4. 動動腦筋，你會想出一個更好的辦法。 You will find a better way if yo

4、u use your head. 5. 如果我們現(xiàn)在不停止浪費水，我們就會沒有水來喝用。 We will have no water to drink or use if we dont stop wasting it now.,注：條件狀語從句，如果主句是將來時，if 引導(dǎo)的 從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。,The Adverbial Clause of Condition 由從屬連詞 unless 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句,條件狀語從句主要由 if,unless 引導(dǎo)；然而 unless 引導(dǎo)的條件從句，在大多數(shù)情況下是含有否定意思，相當(dāng)于 ifnot 。 ( 2 ) unless : 除非；如果不 e.g

5、. The baby will never cry unless he is hungry. 除非那嬰兒餓了，不然他絕不會哭。 You will not pass the examination unless you study hard. 除非你努力用功，不然你不會通過考試。,1. 除非有一個好的名字和有趣部分,報子就不會成功. A newspaper wont be a success unless it has a good name and interesting sections. =A newspaper wont be a success if it has not a good

6、 name and interesting sections. 2. 如果你不改寫這篇文章，我們就不能將這篇文章刊登在我們的?？?。 We wont publish your article in our school newspaper unless you rewrite it. =We wont publish it in our school newspaper if you do not rewrite this article.,The Adverbial Clause of Time 由從屬連詞 when 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句,二 . ( 1 ) when 把下列兩個句子用連詞 w

7、hen 合并成一句 1. He was reading a book. The teacher came in. When he was reading a book, the teacher came in. 2. You will get a surprise. You will open the door. When you open the door, you will get a surprise. 3. Ill tell him the news. He will come back. Ill tell him the news when he comes back.,4. You

8、 are 25 years old. What will you be like? What will you be like when you are 25 years old？ 5. I was cooking. Someone knocked at the door. I was cooking when someone knocked at the door. 6. We got to the cinema. The film began. When we got to the cinema, the film had already begun.,注：When 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，主

9、句是將來時， 從句用一般現(xiàn)在時,The Adverbial Clause of Time ( 2 ) while 當(dāng)時候(= during the time that) e.g. 1. 當(dāng)我媽媽做飯時， 我在看電視。 I was watching TV while my mother was cooking. 2. 當(dāng)我念書時,我睡著了。 While I was reading, I fell asleep. 3. 當(dāng)你吃飯時，你要好好的考慮一下。 Youll think it over while you are having your lunch.,The Adverbial Clause

10、 of Time ( 3 ) as 當(dāng)時候 ;（ 隨著; ） e.g. 1. 隨著春回大地，白花開始綻放。 As spring warms the good earth, all flowers begin to bloom. 2. 當(dāng)我出門時, 開始下雨了。 As I was going out, it began to rain.,Be careful as, when, while 雖都表示時間，但是有區(qū)別 as 多用于口語，強調(diào)“同一時間” 或 “一先一后”。 when 則強調(diào) “特定時間”；也可表示“同一時間” 或 “一先一后”。 while 只能表示“一段時間”。,1. 他一邊工作

11、，一邊唱歌。 He sang as he worked.,(=when),2.當(dāng)他們在談話的時候，開始下雨了。,As they were talking, the rain began.,( while ),3. 當(dāng)我對你們講話時，請肅靜。,Please be quiet while I am talking to you. = Please be quiet when I am talking to you.,4. 當(dāng)他是個小孩時，住在香港。,When (he was) a child, he lived in Hong kong. =While (he was) a child, he l

12、ived in Hong kong. =As (he was) a child, he lived in Hong kong.,5.We advance in experience as we advance in years.,The Adverbial Clause of Time 由從屬連詞 after 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句,( 4 ) after 完成下列句子 Yesterday I went to bed _ _(在我做完功課后。) 2. They will write to us _ (他們到紐約后） 3. _(Danny在去健身訓(xùn)練營后，) he became fit and st

13、rong.,after I finished my,homework.,after they arrive in New York.,After Danny went to a fitness camp,注：after 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，主句 是將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時,用 after 連句 4 .I finished my homework. I went to bed. After I finished my homework , I went to bed. 5. He ordered some dishes. He read the menu. He ordered some dis

14、hes after he read the menu. 6. The children visited the museum. They became interested in science. The children became interested in science after they visited the museum.,The Adverbial Clause of Time 由從屬連詞 before 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句,( 5 ) before 完成下列句子 You must wash your hands _ _（ 在三餐前）. 2. Students are usu

15、ally quite busy _ _( 在他們測驗前）. 3. _ ,(在上課前）we should prepare our lessons.,before you have three meals,before they go in for exams,Before we have classes,The Adverbial Clause of Time （ 6 ） ( not ) till; until 直到( 才；為止) e.g. 1. We walked and walked till (until) it was dark. 2. You may stay here till (u

16、ntil) the rain stops. 3. I did not go to bed till ( until ) my mother came back last night. 4. Im afraid I cannot finish the work till (until) he arrives. 主句的謂語動詞可以是肯定形式，也可以是否定形式。 如果主句的謂語動詞是屬于延續(xù)性的，用肯定形式； 如果主句的謂語動詞是屬于一時性的，則用否定形式。,1. 一直到你告訴我的時候,關(guān)于那件事我全然不知。 I had no idea of it until you told me. 2. 直到他

17、回來，我才知道。 I didnt know it until he came back. 3.他會一直等到我到達。 He will wait till ( until ) I arrive. 4. 坐在這里直到叫你。 Sit here ( till ) until you are called. Dont leave ( till ) until you are called. ( 主將從現(xiàn) ）,The Adverbial Clause of Time ( 7 ) since 自從以來 I havent seen him since he returned from Pairs. Since

18、Tom was a child he has lived in England. 他回來有一年了。 It has been a year since he returned.（通俗） It is a year since he returned. （標(biāo)準(zhǔn)） It作主語時，用It is since 和It has been since 都可以。用 is 是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)用法，用has been是通俗的用法。,The Adverbial Clause of Time ( 8 ) as soon as 一就引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，強調(diào) 主句和從句中的動作相繼發(fā)生，間隔時間很短。（主將從現(xiàn)） e.g. As soon

19、 as she got home, she began to surf the internet. The students stopped talking as soon as their class teacher came into the classroom. 1.瑪麗一回到家就會給同桌同學(xué)打電話。 Mary will telephone her as soon as she arrives home. 2. 我一見到她就會把口信帶給她。 I will give the message to her as soon as I see her. What will you do as s

20、oon as the class is over?,三、The Adverbial Clause of Reason 由從屬連詞 because 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句,原因狀語從句是說明主句謂語動詞動作發(fā)生的原因和理由。 because 在句中作“因為”解,語氣最強。表示直接原因。 ( 1 ) because 1. Why was he late just now ? He was late just now because he missed the first train. 2. Why didnt you come to school yesterday? I didnt go to sc

21、hool yesterday because I was ill. 3. Why did Mary wear a raincoat? Because it was raining hard,Mary wore a raincoat.,4. Dr. Smith likes his job. He wants to make sick people better. Dr. Smith likes his job because he wants to make sick people better. 5. He had seen the film before. He didnt go to se

22、e the film. He didnt go to see the film because he had seen it before. 6. He had practised a lot. He won the English story telling contest at last. He won the English story telling contest at last because he had practised a lot.,注: 在一句句子中, because 與 so 不能連用, 兩者只能用一個。,7. Tom didnt pass the exam. He l

23、ooked upset. Tom looked upset because he didnt pass the exam. 8. Bob is trying to find a place of his own. He wants to be independent. Because Bob wants to be independent, He is trying to find a place of his own.,Tom didnt pass the exam, so he looked upset.,Bob wants to be independent, so he is tryi

24、ng to find a place of his own.,The Adverbial Clause of Reason ( 2 ) since ， now that 既然 語氣較弱，所引導(dǎo)的從句放在主句之前，表示已知的原因，重點在主句。 e.g. Since you are going, I will go too. Now that he is busy, I wont trouble him. The Adverbial Clause of Reason ( 3 ) as 由于 語氣比 because, since 弱，表示明顯的原因，多用于日常談話。 e.g. As it was r

25、aining hard, they stayed at home. As it is a good film, I have seen it twice.,四、The Adverbial Clause of Concession 由從屬連詞although和though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句,讓步狀語從句表示在某種相反的條件下，主句中謂語動詞的動作仍然會發(fā)生。在讓步從句中although 和though這兩個從屬連詞可通用。( 雖然； 盡管 ） 1. 雖然他病了，但他仍然堅持工作。 Although he fell ill, he was still working. He was still w

26、orking although he fell ill. 2. 盡管我很忙，我還是會幫助你的。 Though Im very busy, I can help you. I can help you though Im very busy.,由從屬連詞although和though ( conj. 雖然，盡管）引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句,3._(工作雖然辛苦 ), I enjoy it. I enjoy it though its hard working. 4. I must think it over _. ( 雖然我相信你 ）。 Although I believe you, I must th

27、ink it over.,Though its hard working,although I believe you,在用 although 和though引導(dǎo)從句時，后面主句前不能用 but。 一句中although 和but 兩者只能用一個。,5. Although they were poor, they lived happily together. They lived happily together although they were poor. They were poor, but they lived happily together. 6. Though Aunt W

28、ang explained again and again, the little girl didnt understand. The little girl didnt understand, though Aunt Wang explained again and again. Aunt Wang explained again and again, but the little girl didnt understand.,no matter 無論 No matter when you arrive, well wait for you. even if 即使 Even if it r

29、ains tomorrow, we will start off.,五、The Adverbial Clause of Result 由從屬連詞 so that 引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句 如此以至于 The picture is so beautiful that we all like it very much. 1. The museum is wonderful. We want to visit it again. The museum is so wonderful that we want to visit it again. 2. The boy did his homework ve

30、ry carelessly. He made quite a few mistakes. The boy did his homework so carelessly that he made quite a few mistakes.,sothat 和 suchthat 的比較 so 為副詞，形容詞、副詞； such 為形容詞，后面只可接名詞。 so ( adj.+a/an +n. 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞) that e.g. He is so honest a man that we all like him. such ( a/an + adj. + n.可數(shù)、不可數(shù)名詞）that e.g. He

31、 was such a good runner that I didnt catch him. He is so honest a man that everybody trust him. such an honest man,當(dāng) so that 作連詞引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句時，從句中不能有情態(tài)動詞，如有情態(tài)動詞是目的狀語從句。 e.g. I didnt work hard at English so that I failed in this exam.,六、 The Adverbial Clause of Purpose 由從屬連詞 that, so that, in order that 等

32、引起, 從句 中常用情態(tài)動詞 may (might), shall (should)和will (would)，現(xiàn)也可用can (could)。目的狀語從句都置于主句之后。 目的狀語從句是說明主句謂語動詞動作發(fā)生的目的。 that, so that, in order that 為了; 以便 e.g. Bring it nearer that I may see it better. I will put it on the wall so that everyone may look at it. He rested in order that he might work harder.,1. 主句為現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r，that 從句用 may (might)比較正式，但現(xiàn)在也有人用can, could,will, would. 2. that, so that, in order that 三者之中，只有in order that 可放在句首。 that Betty got up early so that she might catch the early bus. in order that that He spoke very slowly so that we might understand him. in order that (主語不同)