2018_2019學(xué)年高中英語Module4CarnivalSectionⅢGrammar_復(fù)習(xí)被動語態(tài)教案.docx

Section Grammar-復(fù)習(xí)被動語態(tài)語法初識原句感知自主探究1.Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February.2In Europe, where it began, carnival was followed by forty days without meat, as people prepared for the Christian festival of Easter. 3English lessons are being broadcast on the radio now.4Cars will be sent abroad by sea tomorrow.5He said all the task had been finished by last week. 1.句1用了一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“is/am/are過去分詞”。2句2用了一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“was/were過去分詞”。3句3用了現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“is/am/arebeing過去分詞”。4句4用了一般將來時的被動語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“will/shall_be過去分詞”。5句5用了過去完成時的被動語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“had been過去分詞”。語法剖析語法點(diǎn)一被動語態(tài)的基本時態(tài)變化1各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成如果主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，也就是說它們是主動關(guān)系，此時動詞使用主動語態(tài)；如果主語是動作的承受者，也就是說它們是被動關(guān)系，此時動詞用被動語態(tài)。時態(tài)動詞的被動形式例句一般現(xiàn)在時am/is/are doneHe is asked to do this.一般過去時was/were doneThe story was told by her mother.一般將來時will be doneThe problem will be discussed tomorrow.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時am/is/are being doneThe bridge is being built.過去進(jìn)行時was/were being doneAt that time the deskwas being repaired.現(xiàn)在完成時have/has been doneThe house has been built.過去完成時had been doneThey said that their work had been finished.過去將來時would be doneHe said the trees would be planted soon.2.被動語態(tài)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)形式(1)含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：情態(tài)動詞be過去分詞。Something must be done to stop the water from being polluted.必須采取措施來防止水受到污染。(2)有些動詞可以跟間接賓語和直接賓語，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，通常把間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z；如果把直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，間接賓語用介詞to或for引導(dǎo)。My mother bought me a nice gift.I was bought a nice gift by my mother.A nice gift was bought for me by my mother.(3)“動詞賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，將賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)中的主語。The teacher caught the boy smoking a cigarette.The boy was caught smoking a cigarette by the teacher.(4)使役動詞have, make與感官動詞see, watch, notice, hear等后跟不帶to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時，在變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時，要將to還原。Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.A stranger was seen to walk into the building by someone.集中演練111.單句語法填空If you listen to rap music, you will notice how the lyrics (歌詞) are_spoken (speak) in the background of the songs.Dont worry. The hard work that you do now will_be_repaid (repay) later in life.They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house is_being_rebuilt (rebuild)The room had_been_broken (break) into before we came.After the earthquake, the injured were_taken (take) to the hospital.This kind of chocolate has_been_made (make) several times.He said the work would_be_finished (finish) in half an hour.Have the Greens moved into their new house already?Sorry, I have no idea. But I was told that it was_being_decorated (decorate) when I met them last week.12.完成句子The book has_been_published (已經(jīng)出版) and you can buy it in the local library.Mr Yang was_forced_to_leave (被迫離開) his motherland for political reasons in 1969.The captain kept his promise that he would return to the island where the crew had_been_left (被留下)The song specially written by himself for his wedding is_being_performed (正在被演奏) now.Today, nearly 400 animals are_listed_as (被列為) endangered animals in the United States.To improve the air quality, the use of private cars should_be_reduced (應(yīng)該減少)語法點(diǎn)二主動形式表示被動意義1謂語動詞的主動形式表示被動意義(1)有些動詞如write, read, sell, wash等，既可作及物動詞又可作不及物動詞，但當(dāng)它們和well, badly, easily等副詞連用表示主語的內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能時是不及物動詞，用主動形式表示被動意義。The cloth washes easily.這布很好洗。The new product sells well.這個新產(chǎn)品很暢銷。(2)系動詞如feel, look, seem, taste, sound, remain等，一般用主動形式表示被動意義。The material feels very soft.這種材料摸起來很軟。The food tastes delicious.這種食物嘗起來味道很好。(3)不及物動詞或不及物動詞短語如appear, die, disappear, end, fail, happen, last, lie, sit, spread, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place等以主動形式表示被動意義。The war broke out in 1886.那場戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)于1886年。Finally, his dream came true, which made him very excited.最后，他的夢想實(shí)現(xiàn)了，這使他很興奮。2非謂語動詞的主動形式表示被動意義(1)動詞need, require, want和be worth后用v.ing的主動形式表示被動意義。The garden needs watering.花園需要澆水。This film is really worth seeing.這部電影的確值得看。(2)在“主語謂語(系動詞)表語(形容詞) to do”結(jié)構(gòu)中，句子的主語與動詞不定式有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，且形容詞表示主語的特征或性質(zhì)，不定式用主動形式表示被動意義。該結(jié)構(gòu)中常用的形容詞有：easy, hard, difficult, important, impossible, interesting, heavy等。The question is difficult to answer.這個問題很難回答。Do you think the water is safe to drink?你認(rèn)為這水喝著安全嗎？(3)不定式和它所修飾的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，又和該句的主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系時，不定式常用主動形式表示被動含義。I have a lot of things to do this afternoon.今天下午我有很多事情要做。集中演練221.單句語法填空My watch doesnt work; it needs repairing (repair)This kind of wool shirt feels (feel) soft and sells (sell) well.These signs are hard to_see (see) clearly.Great changes have_taken (take) place in our school since 2010.The food tasted (taste) good and we had fun together.Would you like something to_drink (drink)?22.單句改錯He does not have a bicycle; the one he is using is belonged to Peter. is_belongedbelongsThe meeting was lasted for nearly four hours and many people felt sleepy.去掉wasThe red car was disappeared at the corner of the street.去掉wasIce is felt cold to us.is_feltfeelsThe machine needs to repair.to_repairrepairing/to_be_repairedThe film OPERATION RED SEA is worth to be seen again.to_be_seenseeing鏈接高考單句語法填空1(2017全國卷語法填空)When fat and salt_are_removed (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.解析：根據(jù)語境和主句時態(tài)可知此處用一般現(xiàn)在時；主語“fat and salt”與remove之間是被動關(guān)系，所以填are removed。2(2017全國卷語法填空)Steam engines were_used (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.解析：此處講的是過去的事情，主語“Steam engines”和use之間是被動關(guān)系，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。3(2017全國卷語法填空)Sarah has_been_told/was_told(tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year.解析：句意：有人告訴過薩拉，她可能成為英國的一名新超模，下一年能掙一百萬美元。根據(jù)句意可知句子謂語應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。再由從句中的謂語動詞“could be”可知，此處也可使用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。4(2017江蘇高考)He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he was_being_followed (follow)解析：句意：他匆忙趕回家，一次也沒有回頭看看是否被跟蹤。根據(jù)hurried和句意可判定用過去進(jìn)行時，he與follow之間為被動關(guān)系，故用過去進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)。5(2016全國卷語法填空)So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the notforprofit Panda Base，where ticket money helps pay for research.I_was_allowed(allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600acre centre.解析：根據(jù)空格前一句的時態(tài)及allow sb.to do sth.這一用法可知，此處要用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)形式。6(2016全國卷語法填空)Truly elegant chopsticks might_be_made (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.解析：根據(jù)語境可知，筷子是被制造的。此處為含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)might be done。7(2016北京高考單選改編)The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts_will_be_rewarded (reward) with success in the end.解析：句意：學(xué)生們一直刻苦學(xué)習(xí)功課，他們的努力最終將會獲得成功作為回報。根據(jù)句意和語境可知，前一分句使用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時，表示動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在；后一分句應(yīng)該使用一般將來時，且動詞reward與主語efforts之間為邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)該使用被動語態(tài)。8(2016四川高考語法填空)The giant panda is_loved(love) by people throughout the world.解析：大熊貓為世界各地的人們所喜愛是個客觀事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時；panda與love之間是被動關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)。故填is loved。9(2015天津高考)Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement has_been_reached (reach) so far by the two sides.解析：句意：雖然經(jīng)過了先前幾輪的談判，但是到目前為止，雙方?jīng)]有達(dá)成共識。根據(jù)so far可知句子用現(xiàn)在完成時，reach no agreement沒有達(dá)成共識，no agreement作主語，謂語動詞用被動形式。針對演練.單句語法填空1English is_spoken (speak) all over the world, so it is called the universal language.2The organization was_founded (found) by the government three years ago to help those homeless people.3Large quantities of money have_been_spent (spend) in searching for a cure for this terrible disease so far.4Over the past few years, a large number of houses have_been_built (build) for the lowincome families.5An English talk about how to learn English well_will_be_given (give) this Saturday. Would you like to listen to it?6The noodles which had_been_kept (keep) in the kitchen cupboard didnt go bad.7Why is Robert absent from school today?Oh, he got injured and is_being_treated (treat) for injuries in hospital now.8The car which is under repair belongs (belong) to Mr. Green.9The MidAutumn Festival is_celebrated (celebrate) on August 15th in Chinese lunar calendar.10I have bought two ball pens, but neither of them writes (write) well.完成句子1Children who are_raised/brought_up in poor families can generally deal with problems more effectively in their adult years.一般來說，在貧窮家庭養(yǎng)大的孩子成年后能夠更有效地處理問題。2Nowadays, more and more English words are_being_used in the Chinese language.當(dāng)今，越來越多的英語詞匯正在漢語中使用。3Luckily she was_not_badly_injured and we sent her to the nearest hospital.幸運(yùn)的是，她受傷不嚴(yán)重，并且我們把她送到了最近的醫(yī)院。4We are confident that the environment will_be_greatly_improved by our further effor