定語從句語法課件1.ppt

,定語從句 The Attributive Clause,定語從句：是指在復(fù)合句中，修飾名詞或代詞的從句.被定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞叫做“先行詞”.引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫“關(guān)系詞” 1.從句的位置: 2.構(gòu)成：,先行詞 之后,關(guān)系詞,關(guān)系代詞 關(guān)系副詞,How many kinds of Attributive clauses are there?,定語從句,The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定語從句,The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定語從句,關(guān)系詞有兩個作用： 一、引導(dǎo)定語從句 二、代替先行詞在其引導(dǎo)的定語 從句中充當(dāng)一定的句子成份。,引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞,指代人 指代事物 所屬關(guān)系 指地點 指時間 指原因,who，whom，that which，that whose，of which where when why,關(guān)系代詞的用法,關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：,何時可以省略？,做賓語時可以省略,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.,關(guān)系代詞的實質(zhì),Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly.,關(guān)系代詞的實質(zhì),a machine,the machine,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly.,關(guān)系代詞的實質(zhì),a machine,that /which,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly.,關(guān)系代詞的實質(zhì),a machine,that /which,關(guān)系代詞的實質(zhì),Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.,關(guān)系代詞的實質(zhì),Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,關(guān)系代詞的實質(zhì),Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,關(guān)系代詞的實質(zhì),Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,關(guān)系代詞的實質(zhì),Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,關(guān)系代詞的實質(zhì),Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,關(guān)系代詞的實質(zhì),Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,關(guān)系代詞的實質(zhì),Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,關(guān)系代詞的實質(zhì),Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,that/who/whom,The girl,Correct mistakes,1.Under the big tree are 34 students, many of them come from class two. 2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible. 3. This is the very pen that you gave it to me before. 4. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick.,whom,whose,it,who,關(guān)系詞的用法,關(guān)系代詞,1.All _ can be done has been done. 2.Do you have anything _ you dont understand ?,that,that,先行詞是all ,everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句用that,關(guān)系代詞,1.This is the best TV _ is made in China. 2.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.,that,that,先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時，引導(dǎo)定語從句用that 。,關(guān)系代詞,Ive read all the books _ you lent me.,that,先行詞被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, very, only, last 修飾時,引導(dǎo)定語從句用that 。,關(guān)系代詞,1.The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students. 2.A victim is a person, animal or thing _ suffers pain, death, harm, etc.,that,that,先行詞中既有人又有事物時， 引導(dǎo)定語從句用that .,關(guān)系代詞,1.Who _ you have ever seen can do it better ? 2.Who _ you are talking to is the young fellow ?,that,that,Who做先行詞時，引導(dǎo)定語從句用that,1.Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_ cost me more than 100 Yuan . 2.Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago, will come again. 3.My uncle has come back from abroad,_ I havent met for along time.,關(guān)系代詞,which,who,Who/Whom,在非限制性定語句中，指物用which，指人用who whom,As 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句,The earth is round,_ is known to all. _ is known to all, the earth is round _ is known to all that the earth is round.,as,As,It,主語從句,This is the same book as I lost. This is the same book that I lost.,這本書和我丟的那本一模一樣。,這本書就是我丟的那本。,As 引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句,As 引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句,This is such an interesting book _ we all like. This is so interesting a book _ we all like. This is such an interesting book _we all like it. This is so interesting a book _we all like it.,as,that,as,that,這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書。,這本書如此有趣，大家都喜歡。,定語從句,結(jié)果狀語從句,1.Her bag ,in _ she put all her money, has been stolen. 2.This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars. 3.Xiao Wang ,with _ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much.,關(guān)系代詞,which,which,whom,在介詞后面，指事物用which，指人用whom,注意：如何判斷介詞,This is the book_ which you asked,1、看定語從句中動詞與介詞的搭配,for,注意：動詞短語不能拆開 即介詞不能提前,2、看定語從句中形容詞與介詞的搭配,He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.,with,3、根據(jù)先行詞判斷，所用的介詞與先行詞 搭配,This is our classroom ,_ which there is a teachers desk.,in the front of,關(guān)系副詞,After living in Paris for 50 years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child. A. which B. where C. that D. when,B,先行詞是表示地點的名詞或含有地點意義的抽象名詞，用引導(dǎo)定語從句,在從句做狀語,關(guān)系副詞,It was an exciting moment for these people this year, _ for the first time their team won the World Cup. A. that B. while C. which D. when,D,先行詞是表示時間的名詞，用when引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句作狀語。,關(guān)系副詞,This is the reason _ I didnt come here. A. what B. why C. which D. when,B,先行詞是表示原因的詞，用why 引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句作狀語。,whose 引導(dǎo)的定語從句,表示所屬關(guān)系,The river _ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.,whose,There are in this class 20 students, _ are different. A.whose backgrounds B. The backgrounds of whom C.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose,注意 1,區(qū)分where引導(dǎo)的定語從句和狀語從句： Where前面有被修飾的地點名詞時，是定語從句，否則是狀語從句。,When you read books ,you had better make a mark at the spot where you have any questions. When you read books , you had better make a mark where you have any questions.,狀語從句,定語從句,注意2：,指時間或地點作主語或賓語，用which或that引導(dǎo)定語從句。,Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park. Ill never forget the time _ I spent with you. Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you. This is the museum _I visited last year .,when,whichthat,whichthat,whichthat,注意3：,why引導(dǎo)的定語從句,This is the reason ( = for which ) I didnt come here. The reason _ she gave was not true.,which/that,why,注意4：,定語從句中的動詞的數(shù),He is the only one in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise He is one of the students in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise,has,have,She heard a t