would rather和prefer to的用法總結(jié)

1、would rather和prefer to的用法總結(jié)would rather的用法(美國英語中多用had rather )一、概述。1.含義?！皩幵?可,更/最好,還是為好”。2.用法。常+V原,常省略為d rather,表優(yōu)先選擇的一種方式 。無人稱,數(shù),詞性,時態(tài)變化,所有的人稱情況均用would rather.3.否定形式。would rather not do sth。例: Mr Li would rather not listen to rock music4.would /had在此決無“過去”之意，它是一個情態(tài)助動詞。If youd rather be alone, well

2、all leave here. 如果你寧愿獨自呆著，那我們都離開這兒。 Hed rather work in the countryside. 她寧可到農(nóng)村去工作。 二、擴展。1.在兩者中取舍,表“寧愿而不愿/與其寧可”時，則可用would ratherthan或wouldrather than句型. I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. The children would walk there rather than take a bus. 2.也可以顛倒為：rather thanwould 例：Rather than

3、 work in such bad condition, he would give up3.Would(rather)和than后都接不帶to的動詞不定式，若選同一動詞,那么than 后的動詞可以省略。 例: I would rather have noodles than rice.4.要注意“平行結(jié)構(gòu)”，即在than 的前后要用兩個同類的詞或詞組，如兩個n、兩個不定式、兩個介短等。 例: I would rather go to work by bike than by bus. I would rather talk with his mother than with his fath

4、er. 5.在疑問句式中，短語中的would要放在主語之前。 例: Would you rather stay here or go home? Which would you rather have, apples or bananas?三、would rather+從句，常用的虛擬語氣句型,謂語一般用過去時來表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)怼?其意為“寧愿,還是 好些”“一個人寧愿另一個人做某事”。 引導(dǎo)從句的that常省略。在談到過去的動作時，謂語則用過去完成時。 例: John wants to see me today. I would rather he came to tomorrow than

5、today. 句中came不是表示過去而是表示將來.注意:如果談到過去的動作，也就是表示過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情在選擇上不恰當(dāng)。 此時，主句一般為I had rather ,其（that）從句則用過去完成時。 Would rather you had not done that. 如果只涉及主語本人而不涉及另一個人，則would rather之后不接that從句而接have done結(jié)構(gòu)。 例: I would rather have gone to the theatre than stayed home night. 四、would rather/sooner和prefer/would pref

6、er的區(qū)別。 would rather和would sooner之間一般沒有區(qū)別，但經(jīng)常接觸到的是would rather。 例:Tom would rather/sooner read than talk./ Tom prefers reading to talking注意:would rather后跟不帶to的不定式+than+不帶 to的不定式，而prefer后跟動名詞+to+動名詞。 有時prefer后面也可跟名詞，而在would rather之后要求只帶動詞原形。 例: He prefers wine to beer= He would rather drink wine than

7、beer 某些 prefer+名詞的情況不能用 would rather完全確切地表達出來： 例:He prefers dogs to cats./He would rather have dogs than cats.（很明顯，這兩句的意思并不完全相同。 ） would rather+不帶to的不定式有時可代替 would prefer+帶 to的不定式。 例: Id rather fly than go by sea=Id prefer to fly 我寧愿乘飛機也不愿乘船。 這兩個結(jié)構(gòu)后面帶名詞時情況也一樣： 例: Would you like some gin？ Id prefer a

8、 coffee=Id rather have coffee than gin would rather/sooner和would prefer后面都可跟完成式，但后者帶to。 例: We went by sea but Id rather have gone by air=Id prefer to have gone by air (我愿意乘飛機去，可我的愿望未能實現(xiàn)） 這和 would like+不定式的完成式有點相似,would like+帶to 的不定式的完成式也表示未能實現(xiàn)的愿望。rather than 用法小結(jié) rather than 是一個并列連詞，用法比較復(fù)雜，現(xiàn)歸納如下： 1.

9、 rather than 與would 連用時，構(gòu)成“would rather.than.”句式，意思是“寧愿而不愿”，表示主觀愿望，即在兩者之中選擇其一。例如： Shed rather die than lose the children. 她寧愿死也不愿失去孩子們。 2. rather than 不與would連用時，表示客觀事實，意為“是而不是；與其不如”。它連接的并列成分可以是名詞、代詞、形容詞、介詞(短語)、動名詞、分句、不定式、動詞等。現(xiàn)分述如下： (1) 連接兩個名詞或代詞 He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 與其說他是一個海員，不如說

10、他是一個探險者。 You rather than I are going to go camping. 是你而不是我要去要野營。 注意：rather than 連接兩個名詞或代詞作主語時，謂語動詞應(yīng)與rather than 前面的名詞或代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。 (2) 連接兩個形容詞 The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. 與其說她買的這件羊毛衫便宜不如說它漂亮。 (3) 連接兩個介詞(短語)或動名詞 We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the

11、 great hall. 我們是在教室里開會，不是在大廳里。 She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜歡唱歌，而不喜歡跳舞。 (4) 連接兩個分句 We should help him rather than he should help us. 是我們應(yīng)該幫助他而不是他應(yīng)該幫助我們。 (5) 連接兩個不定式 I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我決定寫信而不打電話。 注意：rather than 后接不定式時，不定式可以帶to，也可以不帶to, 如上句。但rather than位于句首時，則

12、只能接不帶to 的不定式。如：Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price. 他唯恐蔬菜爛掉，把它們以半價賣掉了。 (6) 連接兩個動詞 He ran rather than walked. 他是跑來的，而不是走來的。 注意：這里rather than 后用了walked，而沒有用walk，表示客觀事實，而不是主觀愿望。如果換成walk，則作“寧愿而不愿 ”解。 More than的用法A. “More than名詞”表示“不僅僅是” Modern science is more than a la

13、rge amount of information. Jason is more than a lecturer; he is a writer, too. We need more than material wealth to build our country.建設(shè)我們國家，不僅僅需要物質(zhì)財富.B. “More than數(shù)詞”含“以上”或“不止”之意，如： I have known David for more than 20 years. Lets carry out the test with more than the sample copy.More than one perso

14、n has made this suggestion. 不止一人提過這個建議.C. “More than形容詞”等于“很”或“非?！钡囊馑迹纾?In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments. I assure you I am more than glad to help you.D. more than + (that)從句，其基本意義是“超過（=over）”，但可譯成“簡直不”“遠非”. 難以，完全不能（其后通常連用情態(tài)動詞 can）-That is more tha

15、n I can understand . 那非我所能懂的.-That is more than I can tell. 那事我實在不明白。-The heat there was more than he could stand. 那兒的炎熱程度是他所不能忍受的此外，“more than”也在一些慣用語中出現(xiàn)，如： -More often than not （經(jīng)常），people tend to pay attention to what they can take rather than what they can give. -All of us are more than a little

16、 concerned about（非常關(guān)心）the current economic problemsmore.than 的用法1. 比多，比更He has more books than me. 他的書比我多。He is more careful than the others. 他比其他人更仔細(xì)。2. 與其不如He is more lucky than clever. 與其說他聰明，不如說他幸運。He is more （a） scholar than （a） teacher. 與其說他是位教師，不如說他是位學(xué)者。注：該句型主要用于同一個人或物在兩個不同性質(zhì)或特征等方面的比較，其中的比較級必

17、須用加 more 的形式，不能用加詞尾-er 的形式。no more than 與 not more than1. no more than 的意思是“僅僅”“只有”“最多不超過”，強調(diào)少。如：-This test takes no more than thirty minutes. 這個測驗只要30分鐘。-The pub was no more than half full. 該酒吧的上座率最多不超過五成。-For thirty years，he had done no more than he （had） needed to. 30年來，他只干了他需要干的工作。2. not more th

18、an 為 more than （多于）的否定式，其意為“不多于”“不超過”。Not more than 10 guests came to her birthday party. 來參加她的生日宴會的客人不超過十人。比較：She has no more than three hats. 她只有3頂帽子。（太少了）She has not more than three hats. 她至多有3頂帽子。（也許不到3頂帽子）I have no more than five yuan in my pocket. 我口袋里的錢最多不過5元。（言其少）I have not more than five yu

19、an in my pocket. 我口袋里的錢不多于5元。（也許不到5元）no more.than 與 not more.than1. no more.than 表示對兩者都否定，意為“同一樣不”（neither.nor.）。如：-He is no more a writer than a painter. 他既不是畫家，也不是作家。（He is neither a painter nor a writer.）-Hes no more able to read Spanish than I am. 他和我都讀不懂西班牙語。（Neither he nor I am able to read Sp

20、anish.）-I know no more Spanish than I know Greek. 我對西班牙語和希臘語同樣都不懂。（I know neither Spanish nor Greek.）2. not more.than 指兩者都具有某種特征，但是程度不同，意為“不如”“不及”（ not so. as）。如：(lessthan)-She is not more clever than he is. 她不如他聰明。（She is not so clever as he is.）-This book is not more difficult than that one. 這本書不及

21、那本書難。（This book is not so difficult as that one.）no more.than 與 no less.than1. no more.than 意為“與一樣不”，用于否定兩者。如：Shes no more a great singer than I am. 她不是優(yōu)秀歌手，我也不是。A whale is no more a fish than a horse is. 馬不是魚，鯨也不是魚。He is no more an artist than you are a mathematician. 就像你不是數(shù)學(xué)家一樣，他也不是藝術(shù)家。2. no less.

22、than 意為“和一樣”，用于肯定兩者。如：Your brother is no less wise than you. 你的兄弟跟你一樣聰明。A dolphin is no less a clever animal than a dog is. 海豚與狗同樣都是聰明的動物。Italian is no less a mother tongue for him than English. 如同英語一樣，意大利語也是他的母語。nothing more than /nothing less than nothing less than 完全是，和.一模一樣 -It is nothing less t

23、han stealing to take a thing away without the permission of its owner. -They expect nothing less than a revolution. 他們盼望的正是革命。 theres nothing I like less than.。這種情況是否定意思-Theres nothing I like less than lying. 我最不喜歡的莫過于說謊了。-Theres nothing I like less than working overtime. 我最討厭加班。less than 的用法1. （指數(shù)量

24、）不到，不足Its less than half an hours drive from here. 開車到那里不到半個鐘頭。In less than an hour he finished the work. 沒要上一個小時，他就完成了工作。2. 比（小）少She eats less than she should. 她吃得比她應(yīng)該吃的少。Half the group felt they spent less than average. 半數(shù)人覺得他們的花費低于平均水平。3. 不太，一點也不The boys were less than happy about having a party.

25、 開晚會男孩子們并不很高興。We were less than delighted to have company that day. 那天有客人我們并不太高興。 He was less than helpful when we arrived. 我們到達時他一點也不幫忙。4 不像（如）He is less honest than his brother. 他不如他哥哥誠實。5 與其不如I regard him less as my teacher than as my friend. 與其說我把他當(dāng)作老師，不如說我是把他當(dāng)作朋友。注：表示此義時可與 more.than 結(jié)構(gòu)替換（但要注意詞序

26、的變化）。如：He is less a teacher than an expert.He is more an expert than a teacher. 與其說他是老師，不如說他是專家。no less than 與 not less than1. no less than 的意思是“多達”“有之多”，強調(diào)多，與 no more than 意思相反。He made no less than 500. 他賺了多達500英鎊的錢。He paid no less than $10，000 for it. 他為此付了一萬多美元。No less than 50 people offered to b

27、uy it. 至少有50個人提出要買它。No less than 50 passengers got killed in the train accident yesterday. 死于昨天火車車禍的旅客有50人之多。My father， no less than I， is a baseball fan. 我的父親不亞于我，也是個棒球迷。2. not less than 為 less than（少于）的否定式，其意為“不少于”“不下于”“至少”。He has not less than 10，000 dollars. 他至少有一萬元。Not less than 500 people atte

28、nded the meeting. 參加會議的至少500人。比較：He has no less than seven daughters. 他有7個女兒之多。He has not less than seven daughters. 他至少有7個女兒。no more.than 與 no less.than1. no more.than 意為“與一樣不”，用于否定兩者。如：Shes no more a great singer than I am. 她不是優(yōu)秀歌手，我也不是。A whale is no more a fish than a horse is. 馬不是魚，鯨也不是魚。He is n

29、o more an artist than you are a mathematician. 就像你不是數(shù)學(xué)家一樣，他也不是藝術(shù)家。2. no less.than 意為“和一樣”，用于肯定兩者。如：Your brother is no less wise than you. 你的兄弟跟你一樣聰明。A dolphin is no less a clever animal than a dog is. 海豚與狗同樣都是聰明的動物。Italian is no less a mother tongue for him than English. 如同英語一樣，意大利語也是他的母語。陷阱題分析 1. H

30、ow beautifully she sings！I have never heardvoice.A. a better B. a bestC. the better D. the best【陷阱】容易誤選 D，認(rèn)為最高級前要用定冠詞?！痉治觥科鋵嵈祟}最佳答案為 A。該句可視為 I have never heard a better voice than her voice 之省略，全句句意為“她唱得多好??！我從未聽過她這么好的聲音”。請再看以下類似的實例：He is fine， never better. 他很好，比以往任何時候都好。This bird is really lovely. I

31、ve never seen a finer one. 這只鳥真可愛，我從未見過這樣好看的鳥。比較以下試題，情形也大致相同：（1）“Ive never found a better job.”“.”A. I dont think so B. Too badC. Congratulations D. Dont worry答案選 C。Ive never found a better job 可視為 Ive never found a better job than this job 之省略，句意為“我從來沒有找到比這份工作更好的工作”，即“這是我所找到的最好的工作”。（2）“What do you

32、think of the service here？”“Oh， . We couldnt have found a better place.”A. too bad B. sorryC. wonderful D. impossible答案選 C。We couldnt have found a better place 可視為 We couldnt have found a better place than this place，其意為“我們不可能找到一個比這兒更好的地方”，即“這是我們所能找到的最好的地方”。（3） Boris has brains. In fact， I doubt whe

33、ther anyone in the class hasIQ.A. a highB. a higher C. the higher D. the highest答案選 B。句意為“我懷疑班上有沒有哪個人比他智商更高”，即“我認(rèn)為他可能是班上智商最高的”。（4） How cold it is！ Weve never hadthis winter.A. the colder day B. a cold dayC. the coldest dayD. a colder day答案選 D。句意為“今年冬天我們還從未遇上過這樣冷的日子”。2. Professor White has written so

34、me short stories， but he isknown for his plays.A. the best B. moreC. better D. the most【陷阱】容易誤選 D。【分析】此題首先不宜選 B 或 D，因為 well known 的比較級和最高級通常是 better known 和 best known，有時也可以是 more well known 和 most well known， 但通常不能是 more known 和 most known。至于是選 A 還是 C， 這就要看語境。由于句中涉及的只有 stories 和 plays 兩個對象，故應(yīng)選比較級。3

35、. You arecareful than your brother. You two cant do the work that needs care and skill.A. not more B. no moreC. not lessD. no less【陷阱】容易誤選 A?！痉治觥恳鰧Υ祟}，首先要正確理解以下結(jié)構(gòu)的含義：not more.than不如no more.than和一樣不（否定兩者）not less.than不如不（即指不如 less 后形容詞的反面）no less.than和一樣（肯定兩者）比較以下各句的意思：You are more careful than he is

36、. 你比他仔細(xì)。You are not more careful than he is. 你不如他仔細(xì)。You are no more careful than he is. 你和他一樣不仔細(xì)。You are less careful than he is. 你不如他仔細(xì)（你比他粗心）。You are not less careful than he is. 你比他仔細(xì)（你不如他粗心）。You are no less careful than he is. 你和他一樣仔細(xì)。通過以上分析，再結(jié)合句子語境，可知此題最佳答案為 B。4.“Oh， how fat he is！”“But I think

37、 he isthan fat.”A. shortB. shorter C. more shortD. shortest【陷阱】容易誤選 B。認(rèn)為 short 為單音節(jié)形容詞，故用-er 構(gòu)成比較級。【分析】其實正確答案應(yīng)是 C。要弄清此問題，得先從比較句型的兩種不同類型說起。（1） 異類同質(zhì)比較。即指兩個不同的人或事物（異類）在同一方面（同質(zhì)）進行比較。 My room is smaller than yours. 我的房間比你的小。Our country is more powerful than theirs. 我們的國家比他們的國家更強大。（2） 同類異質(zhì)比較。即指同一個人或事物（同類）

38、在兩個不同的方面（異質(zhì)）進行比較，這類句子常譯為“（更多的）是，而不是” “與其不如”等。如：He was more lucky than clever. 他是靠運氣而不是靠聰明。She was more surprised than angry. 她感到更多的是驚訝而不是生氣。This is more a war movie than a western. 這更應(yīng)當(dāng)說是一部戰(zhàn)爭片，而不是西部片。按英語習(xí)慣，在進行同類異質(zhì)比較時，只能用 more 構(gòu)成比較級，不能用-er 形式，即使是單音節(jié)詞也是如此。 十一 模擬訓(xùn)練1. I dont like it at all. It cant be _

39、.A. betterB. worse C. best D. worst2. Im _ at sums than Jean， but better at history.A. moreB. lessC. worseD. cleverer3. We couldnt have picked _ day for the picnicit rained nonstop.A. a worse B. a worstC. the worseD. the worst4. I know this is not quite the right word， but I cant be bothered to thin

40、k of _.A. a better B. a best C. the better D. the good5. With the development of the Internet，_ communication is done by regular mail.A. lessB. moreC. littleD. few6. If you dont like the red coat， take the blue one.OK， but do you have _ size in blue？This ones a bit tight for me.A. a bigB. a bigger C

41、. the big D. the bigger7. If there were no examinations， we should have _ at school.A. the happiest time B. a more happier timeC. much happiest timeD. a much happier time8. Are you satisfied with what he did？No， it couldnt have been _.A. worseB. betterC. so bad D. the worse9. I think whoever makes _

42、 contributions to the company than others should get _ income.A. greater； the higherB. more greater； a higherC. greater； the highest D. more greater； the higher10. The Chinese Education Department suggests teachers should receive _ education to catch up with thedevelopment.A. farther；lateB. farther；

43、later C. further；lately D. further；latest11. He knows little of mathematics，_ of chemistry.A. as well asB. no less thanC. still lessD. no more than12.the temperature，_ water turns into steam.A. The high， the fastB. Higher， fasterC. The more higher， the fasterD. The higher， the faster13. The computer

44、s in the other shop will be _， but _ as those in this shop.A. cheaper； not as betterB. more cheaper； not as betterC. cheaper； not as goodD. more cheap； not as good14. I didnt do well in this English examination. How about you？ I did _ you.A. not better than B. no worse thanC. as well asD. no better

45、than15. Mary kept weighing herself to see how much _ she was getting.A. heavier B. heavyC. the heavier D. the heaviest16. The weather is not good enough for an outing， is it？ Not in the least. We have not have _ at this time of the year.A. a worse dayB. a nicer dayC. such a bad day D. so fine a day1

46、7. Does Jim do his new job well？ _ his old job. How stupid！I fear theres no hope for him.A. No better thanB. Not better thanC. No so well as D. No as well as18. This bird is really lovely， and Ive never seen _ one.A. a finer B. a finestC. the finer D. the finest19. If you go to the post office，would

47、 you please get me a stamp？ I am _ willing to.A. no more than B. not more than C. more thanD. no less than20. Minister，are you satisfied with the performance of the Chinese athletes in Athens Olympics？ Yes， it couldnt have been _.A. worse B. betterC. so badD. the worse【答案與解析】1. B。it cant be worse 在此

48、相當(dāng)于 Its the worst thing I ever knew。2. C。句意為“我的算術(shù)比瓊差，但我的歷史比她強”。注意句中的轉(zhuǎn)折連詞 but 及其后的 better。3. A。We couldnt have picked a worst day 與 It is the worst day weve picked 同義。4. A。a better 為 a better one 之省略。注意，a better one （一個更好的）是與前文“我知道這不是一個很適合的詞”相呼應(yīng)的。5. A。若選 B 或 C 均不合事實；若選 D，不合語法，因為 few 后要接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。6. B

49、。從句意看，空格處應(yīng)填比較級 bigger，因此排除A 和 C。選項 B 與 D 的區(qū)別是，一個用了不定冠詞，一個用了定冠詞，兩者的區(qū)別是，不定冠詞表泛指，定冠詞表特指。7. D。由于是將有考試與沒有考試作比較，所以應(yīng)用比較級，不用最高級，由此排除 A 和 C。選項 B 的錯誤在于用了 more happier 這樣的雙重比較級（即 more 后不能再加比較級）。8. A。由關(guān)鍵詞 No 可知，此處的意思是“不可能比這更差的（worse）了”。9. C。more 不可修飾比較級，排除 B 和 D。greater.than others 表示的是最高級意義，故后面用最高級。10. D。只有表示實

50、際距離的遠，才可用 farther（此時也可用 further），否則就用 further。further education 進修； late 遲的；later 后來；latelyrecently 近來；latest 最新的。11. C。stillevenmuch less 更不用說，更何況。12. D?！皌he比較級，the比較級”意為“越就越”。13. C。兩者比較用比較級，表示“比”；同級比較用 as.as 或 not asso.as。句意為“那家商店的電腦將比這家商店的便宜，但不如這家商店的好?！?4. D。no better than as badly as，意為“一樣不好”。15

51、. A。此題考查比較級的用法。Mary 是想知道她比以往稱起來重了多少，故用比較級?！癶ow much比較級”意為“比以前（重、高、遠）多少”。16. A。本題關(guān)鍵是對not in the least 的理解，它的意思是“一點也不好”，故可知道天氣很糟糕。not 與比較級連用，事實上相當(dāng)于一個最高級的用法。后句的意思是：一年之中再也碰不到比這更糟糕的天氣了。17. A。根據(jù) How stupid！I fear theres no hope for him 可知說話人對 Jim 新工作表現(xiàn)的評價是負(fù)面的，故選 A。no better than 表示“與一樣的不好，與一樣的差”之意。句意是：他做新

52、工作與以前工作一樣差。他太笨了，我擔(dān)心他沒什么希望了。18. A。Ive never seen a finer one 的實際意思是 This is the finest one Ive ever seen。19. C。因為 more than 與形容詞連用，意為“非?！?。20. B。從 Yes 可知，說話者對中國運動員的表現(xiàn)是持肯定態(tài)度的。couldnt.better 指好得不能再好，就是最好的意思。注意：這種 can 的否定式與比較級連用在聽力里面也時常出現(xiàn)。prefer和would rather的用法區(qū)別一、prefer to do sth= would rather do sth更喜歡

53、做某事，寧愿做某事。 例如: Id like to stay at home , but Max prefers toplay(play) football on Sundays. = Id like to stay at home ， but Max would ratherplay(play) football on Sundays. 注意點：1. prefer to do sth 不僅有人稱變換,第三人稱形式是prefers to do sth , 而且還有時態(tài)變化, 過去時態(tài)為preferred to do sth。 2. would rather既無人稱變化,也無時態(tài)變化。 二、pr

54、efer to do sth rather than do sth=prefer doing sth to(doing) sth =would rather do sth than do sth 即prefer A to B, “比起B(yǎng)來更喜歡A”，其中to是介詞。 例如:All students prefer to take the bus rather than walk. = All students prefer taking the bus to walking. =All students would rather take the bus than walk. 【考點回放】 1. Not all the tourists from Japan _ Western food to Chinese food.A. likeB. prefer C. enjoyD. love 解析：這道題的考點是prefer A to B 的結(jié)構(gòu)，其中A 和B可以是名詞、代詞，或是動名詞，所以答案是B。 2. I prefer skiing to _. The snow makes me excited. A. cycles B. cycling