名詞從句教學(xué)案

1、英語高考專題復(fù)習(xí)講與練12名詞性從句一、考點(diǎn)聚焦 1、名詞性從句中連接詞的運(yùn)用名詞性從句中的連接詞有連詞that / whether / as if，連接代詞what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，連接副詞where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。（1）that的用法。主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句中用that但不能省略。如：That they are good at English is known to us all.The problem

2、 is that we dont have enough money.She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day.賓語從句中的連接詞that有時(shí)可省有時(shí)又不可省，在以下幾種情況中that不能省略：（A）當(dāng)that從句和主句謂語動(dòng)詞之間有插入詞語或者從句主語之間有插入語時(shí)，that不可省略；（B）當(dāng)that 從句與另一名詞性從句并列作賓語時(shí)，that不能?。唬–）當(dāng)that作介詞賓語時(shí)，that不可省掉。如：He judged that,because he was a child, he did not unders

3、tand wine Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.that從句作主語和賓語時(shí)，可以用it 來替換成以下幾種結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)。(A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/surprising that （B）It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that .（C）It is said/reported/ believed/known/thoug

4、ht/suggested that （D）It seems/happens that。如：It happened that I went out last night.It is said that China will win in the World Cup.that和what的區(qū)別。that 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，在主從句中不以當(dāng)任何句子成分，也沒有任何含義；而what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，在主從句中都要充當(dāng)一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定語從句中的先行詞 + 關(guān)系代詞即常說的先行詞 + that。如：Its shame that he has made such a mistake. Do

5、 what he says.同位語從句與定語從句中that的區(qū)別。同位語從句中的連詞that只起連接作用，在從句中不擔(dān)當(dāng)任何句子成分；而定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞that在句中做賓語或主語，賓語與先行詞有修飾關(guān)系。如果句子是同位語從句，就應(yīng)用連詞that而不能用which.同位語從句一般放在表具體含義的名詞后解釋名詞的含義或內(nèi)容，如以下名詞：news、fact、suggestion、truth、plan、belief、doubt、possibility、idea等，而定語從句只是對(duì)先行詞的限定和修飾。如：They expressed the hope that they would come to

6、visit China again.(同位語從句)The hope she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.（定語從句） （2）whether和if的用法。whether和if在賓語從句中可以互換，但是作介詞賓語時(shí)連接詞一般用whether。如：It all depends on whether they will come back.后面直接跟or not 時(shí)用whether。如：I didnt know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.主語從句表語從句中只能用whet

7、her。如：Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.The question is whether they have so much money.whether可以引導(dǎo)同位語從句，用以說明前面的名詞的內(nèi)容，if不能。如：We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not.whether常與or連用表示一種選擇，if不能這樣用；whether也可與動(dòng)詞不定式連用但if不能。如：The question of whether

8、they are male or female is not impor-tant.I have not decided whether to go or not.間接引語位于句首時(shí)或者是間接引語提前時(shí)用whether不用if。如：Thank you, but whether Ill be free Im not sure at the moment.whether可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語從句表示“不管”、“無論”，而if不能。如：Whether he comes or not, we will begin our party on time.（3）疑問詞 + ever和no matter + 疑問

9、詞的區(qū)別。疑問詞 + ever可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，在主從句中要充當(dāng)一定的部分。如：Whoever breaks the rule must be punished.You can choose whatever you like in the shop.疑問詞 + ever還可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。如：Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished,Whatever you do, you must do it well.no matter + 疑問詞只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。如：No matter what you do, you must do it wel

10、l.No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished.（4）when和where引導(dǎo)的同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別。when 和where前面的名詞若是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)的名詞，則when和where引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，否則則為同位語從句。如：They put forward the question where they could get the money.This is the place where the accident happened.2、名詞性從句中主句和從句的時(shí)態(tài)一致（1）賓語從句中主句和從句的時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，但如果從句中表示提示

11、的是客觀現(xiàn)象，雖然主句是過去時(shí)態(tài)，從句仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：Hello,I didnt know you were in London. How long have you been here?The teacher told us that light travels at a very high speed.（2）主語從句作主語相當(dāng)于單數(shù)第三人稱作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，如果由and 連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；由兩個(gè)或多個(gè)連接詞引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語從句，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：When the meeting will begin has not been decided ye

12、t.When they will start and where they go have not been decided yet.When and where the meeting will begin has not been decided.3、名詞性從句的詞序名詞性從句在句中要用陳述句語序。如：He asked me what was the matter with me.Weve heard the news that well move into the new house.Whatever you say will interest us all.二、精典名題導(dǎo)解選擇填空1.

13、 A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do.(NMET 2001)A.how B.after C.what D.when解析：答案為C。本題考查的是名詞性從句作賓語的用法。此句的引導(dǎo)詞既作連詞又在賓語從句中充當(dāng)一成分，故what最合適。2. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that _ you had a few days off ? (NMET 99)A.why B.when C.what D.where解析：答案為A。此題考查的是從句的用法。根據(jù)題意“我上周開車

14、去珠?？春娇照谷チ??！毕旅嬉痪浣又鴨枺骸澳蔷褪悄銥槭裁措x開的原因嗎？”故用why引導(dǎo)表語從句表示原因。3. I hate _ when peope talk with their mouths full.(NMET 98)A.it B.that C.these D.them解析：答案為A。本題考查的是形式賓語的用法。題意為“我討厭人們談話時(shí)嘴里塞滿東西”。該空白處沒有任何含義，而且已經(jīng)用了when連接該賓語從句，所以此處只填一個(gè)形式賓語it。名詞性從句l_ the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing makes the nation very

15、excited AWhenever BIf CWhether DThat2The headmaster made a suggestion that the sports meet until next Sunday AWill be put off Bwill put off Cput off Dbe put off3 is a fact that English people and American people share a lot of customs AThere BThis CThat Dthat4Dr Black comes from either 0xford of Cam

16、bridge,I cant remember Awhere Bthere Cwhich Dthat5 he said at the meeting astonished everybody present AWhat BThat CThe fact DThe matter6I remember this used to be a quiet village Awhen Bhow Cwhere Dwhat7Can you tell me the railway station? Ahow I can get to Bhow can I get to Cwhere I can get to Dwh

17、ere can I get to8We all took for granted that he would agree with us Ait Bhim Cthat Dwhat9It worried her a bit her hair was turning grey Awhile Bthat Cif Dfor10 leaves the room last ought to turn off the 1ights AAnyone BThe person CWhoever DWho11 they are most interested in is they can produce more

18、and better cars AThat；how BWhat；how CWhat；that DThat；that12The reason she gave for not being present was the heavy snow prevented her coming Awhy；because Bwhy；whether Cthat；that Dhow；thatl3 I have will be yours sooner or later ANo matter what BNo matter how CWhatever DHowever14Word came I was wanted

19、 at the office Awhich Bwhy Cthat Dwhether15The town is no longer it was ten years ago Awhich Bthat Cwhat Dwhen16It is generally considered unwise to give a child be or she wants Ahowever Bwhatever Cwhichever Dwhenever17Please tell me you would like to have your coffeeblack or white? Awhat Bwhere Cwh

20、en Dhow18Do you remember be came? Yes，I doHe came by car Ahow Bwhen Cthat Difl9 we cant get seems better that we have AWhat；what BWhat：that CThat；that DThat：what20I drove to Zhuhai for the Air Show last week Is that you had a few days off? Awhy Bwhen Cwhat Dwhere21You can take measures you think goo

21、d to deal with the problems Awhatever Bhowever Cwhichever Dthose22 has made our city Dalian she is taday? It is the Partys policy that has made it take on a new look AWhat；that BThat；what Cthere；so DThat；that23It was at the very beginning Mr White made the decision we should send more firefighters there Athat：that Bwhen；which Cthere；what Dwhere；what24It wa