分析經(jīng)典長(zhǎng)難句攻克高考英語(yǔ)閱讀

1、I. For example, adolesce nt boys are morelikelyto buy computer games tha n anyother group, so itmakes senseto make computer game adsthatappeal tothis group.【句式翻譯】例如，進(jìn)入青春期的男孩子就可能比任何其他人群更愿意購(gòu)買(mǎi)電腦游戲， 因此，針對(duì)這個(gè)目標(biāo)群體制作有吸引力的電腦游戲廣告是有意義【句式分析】本句是一個(gè)含有so引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句，同時(shí)又含有一個(gè)than引導(dǎo)的比較狀語(yǔ)從句?！驹~語(yǔ)點(diǎn)撥】1)likely adj.可能的；常用于句

2、型：sb/sth be likely to do= it islikely that , 可能做”He s very likely tose nd me an email toni ght.=It s very likely thathe llsend me an email tonight.很可能他今晚會(huì)給我發(fā)電子郵件。The companyislikelytoset up a branch in our city. =It s likelythatthecompanywill set up a branch in our city.這個(gè)公司可能要在我們的城市建立分公司。2) make se

3、nse 有意義； 講得通；make sense of 理解I can t followthese in struct ions - they don tmake sen se.我不理解這些指示-根本講不通嘛。We read these ntence through, but could no tmake sense ofit.我們把句子看了一遍，但不明白它說(shuō)些什么。3) appeal to吸弓丨；appeal to sb. for sth/appeal to sb. to do sth呼吁某人干某事；求助于Blue and redappealtome, but I don t like gra

4、y or yellow.我喜歡藍(lán)色和紅色，而不喜歡灰色或黃色。Jack sin cerelyappealedtohis friends to support him.杰克真切地向朋友請(qǐng)求支持。We can appealtothe website for the in formatio n we n eed.我們可以在網(wǎng)上查找我們需要的信息。【語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥】本句中的than any other ,，意為比其他任何一個(gè)”，所談?wù)摰膶?duì)象在比較的范圍之內(nèi)；若不在范圍之內(nèi)，則不用 other。如：Chi na islargertha n any other countryin Asia.中國(guó)比亞洲任何別的國(guó)

5、家都大。Chi na islargertha n any countryin Africa.中國(guó)比非洲的任何國(guó)家都大。2. The moreexposedy oung peopleare to finan cial issues, and the youn ger they become aware of them, themore likely they are to become resp on sible, forward-pla nning adults whoma nagetheir finances con fide ntly an deffectively.【句式翻譯】年輕人越接

6、觸經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題，他們就能越早地了解這些問(wèn)題，他們就更有可能成為有責(zé)任感的、早作打算的成年人，能夠有信心地、有效地管理自己的經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題。【句式分析】本句含有the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”的句式，同時(shí)又含有一個(gè)who引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞adults?！驹~語(yǔ)點(diǎn)撥】1) expose vt. 揭露；使暴露；be exposed to 暴露于；接觸We mustexposethisshameful activity to the n ewspapers.我們一定要向報(bào)社揭露這一無(wú)恥行徑。We should allow childre n tobeexposed tonew ideas.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)讓

7、孩子們接觸新思想。2)manage v.應(yīng)付，設(shè)法對(duì)付；管理；能解決；man age to do設(shè)法做成We n eed people who are good atma naging.我們需要擅長(zhǎng)管理的人。Hema naged tose nd thetourists to the airport in time.他設(shè)法把游客及時(shí)送到機(jī)場(chǎng)。Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water if they areno tma nagedcarefully.如果掌控小帆船不夠小心，它們?cè)谒芯腿菀追！菊Z(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥】the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”，表

8、示越”越,，”。如：The morewe get together,thehappierwe ll be.我們?cè)绞嵌嗑蹠?huì)，我們?cè)娇鞓?lè)。The Iongershe worked at it,the moreenthusiasticshe became.她越干越來(lái)勁。3.She found that kids praised for “ trying hard ” did better on testes and were more likely totake on difficult assig nments tha n those praised for being“ smart ” .【句式

9、翻譯】她發(fā)現(xiàn)因?yàn)榕Ρ槐頁(yè)P(yáng)的孩子比因?yàn)槁斆鞅槐頁(yè)P(yáng)的孩子在考試中表現(xiàn)得更 好，更愿意承擔(dān)困難的任務(wù)。【句式分析】本句含有一個(gè)than引導(dǎo)的比較狀語(yǔ)從句?！驹~語(yǔ)點(diǎn)撥】take on承擔(dān)；呈現(xiàn)He is always ready totake on heavy resp on sibilities.他一向樂(lè)于挑重?fù)?dān)。The chamele on can take on the colourof its backgro und.變色龍可呈現(xiàn)出與其背景相同的顏色。【語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥】當(dāng)我們要對(duì)兩個(gè)人或物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，就采用比較級(jí)，比較級(jí)的構(gòu)成：形容 詞或副詞的比較級(jí)+than+比較成分，意思是：更”些”或較”。

10、Deeds arebetter than words whe n people are inn eed of help.當(dāng)別人需要幫助時(shí)，行動(dòng)勝于語(yǔ)言。In a word, practice isfarmore importa nt tha nbook kno wledge.一句話(huà)，實(shí)踐遠(yuǎn)比書(shū)本知識(shí)重要。4. Perhaps more importantly,the better you are atmanaging the time youdevotetoyourstudies, the more time you will have tospe nd ony our outside in

11、terests.【句式翻譯】也許更重要的是，你越善于管理你的學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間，你就會(huì)有更多的時(shí)間用在你課外的興趣上。【句式分析】本句含有“ the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”的句式，同時(shí)含有兩個(gè)非限制性定 語(yǔ)從句，分別修飾先行詞the time 和the more time ?！驹~語(yǔ)點(diǎn)撥】1)devote vt. 獻(xiàn)身；專(zhuān)心于；常接time/mo ney/en ergy/life/o neself作賓語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成短語(yǔ) be devoted to=devote on eself to獻(xiàn)身于，致力于；to為介詞，后面接名詞、代詞或者動(dòng)名詞。Lang Lan gdevoted a lot oftime to pl

12、ay in gthepia no even whe n he was a little child.郎朗小時(shí)候就把很多時(shí)間都用來(lái)彈鋼琴。After her marriage, the sin ger could n tdevote herself totally toher music.結(jié) 婚之后這個(gè)歌手無(wú)法全力傾注于音樂(lè)。2) spendsome money/ time on sth=spend some money/time (in) doing sth表示 花費(fèi)(時(shí)間、金錢(qián)等)做某事”，其中的介詞in可以省略。Every day, most of the stude nts in thi

13、s schoolspe nd three hours on their homework. 這所學(xué)校大多數(shù)學(xué)生每天花三個(gè)小時(shí)做家庭作業(yè)。It is bad for childre n tospe nd a lot of time play in gcomputer games.用很多時(shí)間玩電腦游戲?qū)⒆邮怯泻Φ??！菊Z(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥】“ the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”，表示“越”越,，”，具體用法第2句。5. He worked there through his school and universityyearsuntil1942, a year afterhe hadgaineda Master

14、 s degree at university in chemistry.【句式翻譯】他讀中學(xué)和大學(xué)的那段時(shí)間都在那里工作，一直到1942年，也就是他在大學(xué)里獲得化學(xué)碩士學(xué)位后的那一年?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪浜幸粋€(gè)after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，從句中運(yùn)用了過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。【詞語(yǔ)點(diǎn)撥】gain vt.(經(jīng)過(guò)努力)獲得，取得Wega inkno wledge by practici ngaga in and aga in.我們從反復(fù)訓(xùn)練中獲取知識(shí)。They realized that pass ing the exam was no Ion ger eno ugh toga ina place at u

15、ni versity.他們認(rèn)識(shí)到僅僅通過(guò)這個(gè)考試，并不能確保在大學(xué)獲得一席之位。【語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥】過(guò)去完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：had done,表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作。它表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間是“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間可用by,before, after等構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)，也可用when, before等引導(dǎo)的從句或通過(guò)上下文表示。如：His eyes shone brightlywhe n he fin allyreceived the gift hehad long expected.當(dāng)她終于收到她盼望已久的禮物時(shí)，她興奮得兩眼閃光。By the time he was twelv

16、e, Edis on had begu nto make a living byhimself.12歲時(shí)，愛(ài)迪生就開(kāi)始自己謀生。6. By the end of the century, we will have discoveredother places in our solarsystemsuitableforlivi ngand we will have discovered ways to go furtherin to space.【句式翻譯】到本世紀(jì)末，我們將會(huì)在太陽(yáng)系中發(fā)現(xiàn)其他適合人類(lèi)居住的星球，并將發(fā)現(xiàn)進(jìn)行更遠(yuǎn)空間探索的方法?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫怯刹⒘羞B詞and連接的復(fù)合句，句

17、中運(yùn)用了將來(lái)完成時(shí)態(tài)?！驹~語(yǔ)點(diǎn)撥】suitable adj. 合適的，適當(dāng)?shù)?；?gòu)成短語(yǔ)： be suitable for 適合”They don t think this article issuitablefor publication.他們認(rèn)為這篇文章不宜發(fā)表。Joh n wan ted to cha nge over to a moresuitablejob.約翰想換一個(gè)更加適合的工作?！菊Z(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥】將來(lái)完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：will/shall have do ne，表示“到將來(lái)某一時(shí)間為止已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作”。常與 by +將來(lái)時(shí)間，before+將來(lái)時(shí)間和by the time引導(dǎo)的表示將來(lái)時(shí)間

18、的從句連用。如：Hewill have fini shedwrit in ghis novel by the end of n ext year.到明年年底他就會(huì)寫(xiě)完他的小說(shuō)了。When we get there ， she ll have gonetowork.我們到那里時(shí)她會(huì)已上班去了。7. In today s world, winners arecelebratedandtreated as heroes, but if dopingand gen e-therapyc ontinue toaffectthe outcomes ofmajor sport ing even ts, th

19、e word“hero ” will have lost all meaning.【句式翻譯】在當(dāng)今世界，人們祝賀獲勝者，并把他們看作英雄，但如果服用興奮劑和 基因治療繼續(xù)影響著主要體育項(xiàng)目的成績(jī)的話(huà)，“英雄”就失去了它的全部意義。【句式分析】本句是由并列連詞 but連接的復(fù)合句，第二個(gè)分句運(yùn)用了將來(lái)完成時(shí)，同 時(shí)，包含有一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。【詞語(yǔ)點(diǎn)撥】1) celebrate vt. 慶祝The whole citycelebratedthe New Year with fireworks.全城放焰火來(lái)慶祝新年。2) affect vt. 影響，感動(dòng)I told him firmly

20、 that his opinion will no taffectmy decisi on.我堅(jiān)定的告訴他，他的觀(guān)點(diǎn)不會(huì)影響我的決定。The audie nee prese nt was deeplyaffectedby his speech.在場(chǎng)的聽(tīng)眾都被他的演講深深地打動(dòng)了?！菊Z(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥】將來(lái)完成時(shí)，具體用法第6句。8.0ne of the earliest epidemics on record happened about500-550 ADwhen the Roman emperor at the time wasattempti ngto rebuild the Roma n Emp

21、ire.【句式翻譯】歷史上有記載的最早的傳染病之一發(fā)生在公元500-550年，當(dāng)時(shí)的羅馬皇帝正在試圖重建羅馬帝國(guó)?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪浒粋€(gè)when引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句，從句中運(yùn)用了過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。【詞語(yǔ)點(diǎn)撥】attempt v .& n.嘗試，試圖Williamattemptedtofind the solution to the problem.威廉試圖找到問(wèn)題的解決辦法。He was n early drow ned in theattemptto swim across.他在試圖游到對(duì)岸去時(shí)差一點(diǎn)被淹死。【語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥】過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：was/were doing，表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)

22、作”。常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有 thismorning, the whole morning, from nine to ten last evening, whe n, while 等。如：Whatwas he writ in gallday last Sun day?上周日他一整天都在寫(xiě)什么？My brother fell while hewas ridinghis bicycle and hurt himself.我哥哥騎自行車(chē)的時(shí)候從車(chē)上摔下來(lái)受傷了。9. The last few years have see n environmen taldisasters on a gra nd sca

23、le,an dexperts are predict ing far worse to come.【句式翻譯】最近的幾年里，人們見(jiàn)證了大規(guī)模的環(huán)境災(zāi)難，專(zhuān)家們預(yù)測(cè)更為嚴(yán)重的災(zāi)難即將發(fā)生。【句式分析】本句是由并列連詞and連接的復(fù)合句，第一個(gè)分句運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。【詞語(yǔ)點(diǎn)撥】on a grand scale大規(guī)模地，大張旗鼓地We should popularize scie nceona gra nd scale.我們應(yīng)該大規(guī)模普及科學(xué)?！菊Z(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：has/have done，常表示某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過(guò)去，對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響”，也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)”。常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：f

24、or或since 弓丨導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)及 before, until now, up till now,so far, up to the moment, in thelast few years 等。如：Wehave bookeda roomfor today and tomorrow.我們已經(jīng)預(yù)訂了今天和明天的房間。The househas bee n emptyfor ages.這幢房子已經(jīng)空了相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。(現(xiàn)在仍空著)10. In the last few decades, scie ntists havereachedc onsen susa nd reported thathuma

25、nbeings are caus ing cha nges in the Earth s climate - someth ing previously see n asbey on dour con trol.【句式翻譯】最近幾十年，科學(xué)家們達(dá)成共識(shí)并報(bào)道說(shuō)，人類(lèi)正在引起地球的氣候變化而這在以前看來(lái)是我們不能控制的。【句式分析】本句是復(fù)合句，含有一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，主句中運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)?！驹~語(yǔ)點(diǎn)撥】1) reach (a) con se nsus達(dá)成共識(shí)，達(dá)成一致意見(jiàn)It is very difficult for them toreach a consen sus on this

26、 issue.他們?cè)谶@個(gè)問(wèn)題上很難取得一致意見(jiàn)。2) beyond prep.超過(guò)；越過(guò)；在，較遠(yuǎn)的一邊The delay was caused by heavy weather and wasbey ond our con trol.延遲是由惡劣天氣造成的，我們無(wú)法控制。The beauty of the scene wasbey ond compare.景色之美無(wú)與倫比。Linda always won dered what wasbey ond the horiz on.琳達(dá)總是納悶著地平線(xiàn)的那一邊是什么?！菊Z(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，具體用法第10句。11. Treatme nts for

27、jellyfish sti ngs and sn akebites havealso bee ndevelopeda ndin thelast five years there have been only three deaths from jellyfish stingsan dabout the same nu mber from sn akebites.【句式翻譯】治療水母刺傷和毒蛇咬傷方法也已經(jīng)研制成功，在過(guò)去的五年里只有三人死于水母刺傷，這與被蛇咬傷致死的人數(shù)大體相同?！揪涫椒治觥?本句是由并列連詞and連接的復(fù)合句，第一個(gè)分句運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?！驹~語(yǔ)點(diǎn)撥】develop

28、 v.開(kāi)發(fā)，發(fā)展，研制(新產(chǎn)品)Over the last few years tourism here hasdevelopedc on siderably.在過(guò)去幾年里，這里的旅游業(yè)獲得了相當(dāng)大的發(fā)展。The two compa nies have teamed up todevelopa new racing car.那兩個(gè)公司已合作研制新型賽車(chē)?！菊Z(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)就是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)的疊合,即：has/havebeen done，表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響或持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且主語(yǔ)與 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系”。常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間

29、狀語(yǔ)及before, until now, up till no w,so far, up to the mome nt, i n the last few years等。如：The office looks n ice. Ithas just bee n clea ned.辦公室看起來(lái)很干凈。它剛被打掃過(guò)。The machi nehas bee n repairedfor two hours.這臺(tái)機(jī)器已修了兩小時(shí)了。12. Adverts are not only made and paid for bybus in ess, but also by in dividuals,orga ni

30、 zati ons and associati ons that wish toin formor educate the public.廣告不僅【句式翻譯】廣告可由商家付費(fèi)制作，也可以由想給公眾傳達(dá)某種信息或教育公眾的個(gè)人、 組織或協(xié)會(huì)來(lái)出資制作?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫怯刹⒘羞B詞not only , but also 連接的復(fù)合句，第一個(gè)分句運(yùn)用了一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?！驹~語(yǔ)點(diǎn)撥】inform vt.通知，告知；構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)：inform sb of sth 通知某人某事I shall inform youso ono fthe date of my arrival.我將把我到達(dá)的日期通知你。I r

31、egret toinform you thatI am un able to help you.我遺憾地告訴你我沒(méi)法幫助你?！菊Z(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：is/are done 。表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，并且主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系”。A lot of foodis wastedeveryyear.每年浪費(fèi)掉很多食物。Millionsof tons of waste and poisonous gasesare sent intotheair with the smoke.數(shù)百萬(wàn)噸的廢氣和毒氣隨著煙塵散發(fā)到空中。13. Margaret,marriedwith two sm

32、all children, has been working for the last seven years as ani ght clea ner, clea ning offices in a big buildi ng.【句式翻譯】瑪格麗特，已婚，帶著兩個(gè)孩子，七年來(lái)一直在做清潔工，晚上給一座大 樓里的辦公室打掃衛(wèi)生?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫呛?jiǎn)單句，運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，包含有兩個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)，marriedwith ,在句中作后置定語(yǔ)，cleaning offices作伴隨狀語(yǔ)?！驹~語(yǔ)點(diǎn)撥】marry v.（使）結(jié)婚；嫁；娶Because of her beauty, she has man

33、 aged tomarryabove her.由于貌美，她得以嫁給一個(gè)地位比她高的人。Im sure Jack was sincere whe n he said he wan ted tomarry you.我相信杰克說(shuō)想娶你是真心的。Theygot married toeachother against their parents wishes.他倆的結(jié)合違背了各自父母的愿望?！菊Z(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥】現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：has/have been doi ng。表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間開(kāi)始，延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且還有可能持續(xù)下去”。如：Youhave bee n sitt ingin front of that computer too long.你在電腦前坐的時(shí)間太長(zhǎng)了。No won der he is so tired. Hehas bee n work in gall day.難怪他這么累，他工作一天了。14. Ever since they were first put on the market in theearly 1990s, genetically modified （GM 轉(zhuǎn)