2020-2021中考英語試卷分類匯編英語任務(wù)型閱讀理解附答案

1、2020-2021中考英語試卷分類匯編英語任務(wù)型閱讀理解（附答案）一、英語任務(wù)型閱讀1.閱讀短文，完成表格HaveyoureadanybooksbyWashingtonIrving?NowIwilltellyouastorywrittenbyhim.ThenameofthestoryisRipVanWinkle,anditisalsothenameoftheherointhisstory.Therearethreecharactersinthisstory,RipVanWinkleandhiswife,DameVanWinkleandtheirdog,Woof.DameVanWinkleisa

2、sharp-tongued（說話尖酸的、刻薄的）woman.BothRipVanWinkleandthedogareterrifiedofher,evenofhervoice.ThereisascenethatcandescribehowRipVanWinkleandhisdogfeelinfrontofDameVanWinkle:Riphadjustonewayofreplyingtohiswifestalk:heonlyputhisheadbackonhisshoulders,lookeduptowardheaven,andsaidnothing.True,inthewoods,Woofw

3、asasbraveasanhonorabledogshouldbe,butassoonasWoofenteredthehouse,hisheadbentlow,histaillayonthegroundorcurledbetweenhislegs.Hewentaroundthehousewithaguiltylook,watchingDameVanWinkleoutofthecornerofhiseyes,readytorunfromtheroomattheslightestsignofherdispleasure.ThiswasthetimewhenEnglandruledAmerica.O

4、neday,RipVanWinklewentintothemountainwithhisdogforanescapeofhiswife.Hedranksomethinggivenbysomestrangersandfellasleep.Thatwas20years!HiswifediedandAmericagotfreedomfromEngland,andIthinkthatswhatthestorywantstotellus:boththepoormansindependenceandnationsindependence.WhydoesIrvingsstoryattractpeople?B

5、ecausehewrotesovividly（生動地）.Thatsetsmethinking:Howheobservedthingssocarefully?Ifyoureadthroughthisstory,youcanthelpsmilingorlaughingfromtimetotime!（1）RipVanWinkleWriterNumberofcharactersMaindescriptionofRipswifeThemeReasonsforitsbeauty【答案】（1）WashingtonIrving;three;DameVanWinkleisasharp-tonguedwomanb

6、oththepoormansindependenceandnationsindependence；Becausehewrotesovividly.【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文，介紹美國作家華盛頓歐文的小說瑞普凡溫克的故事情節(jié)、人物、主題以及吸引人的原因等。（1）writer意為作者，在第一句話中HaveyoureadanybooksbyWashingtonIrving？可以找到。by表示“被”，其后常常是作者的名字。所以答案是WashingtonIrving。（ 2） Numberofcharacters人物數(shù)量，根據(jù)第一段Therearethreecharactersinthisstory

7、,RipVanWinkleandhiswife,DameVanWinkleandtheirdog,Woof.可知小說中有三個人物，即：瑞普凡溫克；他的妻子Dame和狗Woof。故答案為three。（ 3） MaindescriptionofRipswife對瑞普妻子的主要描寫，根據(jù)第一段DameVanWinkleisasharp-tongued（說話尖酸的、刻薄的）woman.BothRipVanWinkleandthedogareterrifiedofher,evenofhervoice.可知，她是一個潑婦，瑞普和他們的狗都害怕她，甚至害怕她的聲音。所以答案為DameVanWinkleisa

8、sharp-tonguedwoman.（ 4） theme主題，倒數(shù)第二段最后一句whatthestorywantstotellus是主旨的同意表達，所以冒號后面的：boththepoormansindependenceandnationsindependence就是答案。（ 5） Reasonsforitsbeauty（小說）漂亮的原因，根據(jù)最后一段首句WhydoesIrvingsstoryattractpeople?可以判斷attract（吸引）為同意表達，所以后面的Becausehewrotesovividly.（因為他寫的栩栩如生）是答案?！军c評】閱讀表達首先要弄清楚文章的題材，結(jié)構(gòu)，

9、然后根據(jù)表格的要求在文中找到關(guān)鍵字，答案一定在關(guān)鍵字周圍。2 閱讀下文并回答問題。InJinzhong,ShanxiProvince,thereisagroupofpeoplewhoarebusydrawingmapsaround.Theyarenotworkersongeography,butdispatchers（調(diào)度員）onEmergency（急救）Centerofthecity.Since2007,thedispatchersinthecenterhavebeendrawingmapsofthelocalareas.Adispatchersjobiscountedinseconds,s

10、aysLiangRuimei,adispatcherinthecenter.Shehasbeenworkinginthecentersinceitstartedin2007.Wemustanswerthephonein3seconds,getclearinformationaboutthepatientin60secondsanddispatch（調(diào)度）emergencymedicalworkersin3minutesatmost.Ifwesaveonesecond,thepatientmayhaveabetterchancetolive.Althoughnowadaysthecenterha

11、selectronicmaps,thedispatchersstillwalkthroughthestreetstodrawmapsbyhand.Aftermanyyearshardwork,thedispatcherskeepeverybuildingandstreetofthecityinmind.Theyevenknowwhetherornotacarcanenterthegateofabuilding.Sometimesthecallercanttellclearlywhereheis,butitdoesntmatter.Aslongashedescribesthebuildingsa

12、round,thedispatchercandispatchemergencymedicalworkerstohim.WearetryingtobequickerthanDeath,saysLiang.（1）IsLiangRuimeiadispatcherinEmergencyCenterofJinzhong?（ 2） WhendidEmergencyCenterofJinzhongstart?（ 3） TobequickerthanDeath,whatdothedispatchersinEmergencyCenterofJinzhongdo?（ 4） Doyouthinkitnecessar

13、yfordispatcherstodrawmapsbyhandwhentheyhaveelectronicmaps?Whyorwhynot?【答案】（1）Yes,sheis.（ 5） In2007.（ 6） Theyremembereverycornerofthecitythroughhand-mademaps,anddispatchemergencymedicalworkerstotherightplaceassoonaspossible.（ 7） Yes.Becausemapsbyhandshowsmallfactsofthecitymorecorrectlyandelectronicma

14、psmaynotworksometimes.No.Becauseelectronicmapsareeasiertouseandcanshowthelatestroadsituation.3 閱讀下面的短文，然后根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容簡要回答小題。StephenHawkingwasborninEnglandin1942.Hesoneofthemostfamousscientistsonspaceandtimeintheworld.HeiscalledtheKingoftheUniverse.HestudiedmathandscienceatOxfordUniversity,thenhebecameseri

15、ouslyill,whichmadehimunabletospeakorbreathewithoutthehelpofmachines.HewentontostudyatCambridgeUniversityaftergraduatingfromOxfordUniversity.In1965,hegotaDoctorsDegreeofphilosophy（哲學(xué)）.Becauseofhisseriousillness,itwasdifficultforhimtodrawdiagramsortowrite.Sohestartedtothinkinpictures.Withthisnewwayoft

16、hinking,heisrespectedbypeopleintheworld.Thenin1988,hewrotehisfirstimportantbook,ABriefHistoryofTime.Itwassoldmorethan5.5millioncopiesinover33differentlanguages.HewasonceinvitedtoChinatogivelectures（做演講）.Hisself-confidenceandhumouousconversationsimpressedusdeeply.（1）WasHawkingborninEngland?（nomoretha

17、n3words）（ 2） WhatdidHawkingstudyatOxfordUniversity?（nomorethan3words）（ 3） WhendidHawkinggethisDoctorsDegreeofphilosophy?（nomorethan2words）（ 4） WhatsthenameofHawkingsfirstimportantbook?（nomorethan5word）（ 5） WherewasHawkingonceinvitedtogivelectures?（1word）【答案】（1）Yes,hewas./Yes.（ 6） Mathandscience.（ 7）

18、 In1965.（ 8） ABriefHistoryofTime.（ 9） China.4 任務(wù)型閱讀（1）閱讀下面短文，從方框中所給的A-E五個選項中選擇正確的選項（其中一項是多余選項）。A. Rememberthereishopeforeveryone!B. Openyoureyesandyouarereadytogo!C. Yourmindgoesblank!D. Bemoresilent!E. Well,dontdothat!PublicspeakingisoneofthetopthreefearsamongadultsinboththeUKandtheUS.Herearesomesu

19、ggestionsthatdealwithsomeofthemostcommonproblemspeopleexperiencewithpublicspeaking.InvitetheattentioninDoyouhatethatmomentwhenyoustandupinfrontofagrouptospeakandeverybodylooksatyou?.Itsasignthatpeopleareinterestedandwanttohearwhatyouhavetosay.Welcomethoselooks!BeatthebrainfreezeHaveyoueverbeeninthem

20、iddleofspeakingandsuddenlybrainfreeze!.Itispossiblethatyouforgotsomethingforthemoment.Andyouareholdingyourbreath!Allyouneedtodoistotrustyourself,clearyourmind,focusandbreathe.Thethoughtswillcomerushingbacktoyourmindinnotime.Phew!IncreaseyourconfidenceUsethisexercisetogetintouchwiththenaturallyconfid

21、ent（自信的）youinside.Closeyoureyesandrememberaspecialtimeyoufeltreallyrelaxedandconfident.Imaginethefeelingofrelaxationrushingthroughyourwholebody.Itwillpassinformationtoyourbrainthatyouareconfidentandhappy.Whetheryouaresomeonewhojustwantstomovefromgoodtogreatwithyourspeaking,orsomeonewhofeelstooafraid

22、tostandupandspeak,thegreatnewsisthatyoucanmoveforward,berelaxed,andturnintoagreatspeaker.（2）Writedownanothersuggestiononhowtobecomeagoodspeaker.（答案不多于5個單詞）【答案】（1）E;C;B;A（2）Makeaspeecheveryday.（答案不唯一，合理即可）5.閱讀短文，把A-E五個句子填入文中空缺處，使短文內(nèi)容完整。AgreatfestivalfortheChinesetakesplaceonthe15thdayofthe8thChinesel

23、unarmonth.TheMid-AutumnFestivalhasitstypicalfoodthemooncake,whichisroundanddelicious.LongagotherewasakinginChinawhowasverycruel（殘暴的）tothepeopleandthecountrydidntgowell.Sotheywrotenotestellingaboutthemeetingplaceandtimeandputthemintocakes.Onthe15thofAugusteverypersonwastoldtobuythecakes.Whentheyateth

24、em,theydiscoveredthenotes.Sotheygottogethertomakeasuddenattack（進攻）ontheking.Fromthenon,theChinesepeoplecelebratedonAugust15th.WhentheMid-AutumnFestivalisnear,shopownersdecorate（裝飾）theirshopwindowsbeautifullywithpicturesofancientChineseladies.Peoplegotobuymanykindsofmooncakes.Ontheeveningoftheday,peo

25、pleandtheirfamilyhaveabigmeal.Afterit,theywatchthefullestandbrightestmoon.A. Thereisapopularfolkstoryaboutit.B. Theyatecakesinmemoryofthatimportantevent.C. ItscalledtheMid-AutumnFestivalortheChineseMoonFestival.D. Thepeopleweresoangrythatsomebraveonessuggestedkillingtheking.E. Andtheysendpresentssuc

26、haswine,fruitsandmooncakestotheirfriendsandrelatives.【答案】C;A;D;B;EF. .閱讀短文，然后按要求完成問題。HerearetwooldstoriesfromChinesehistory.TheChinesepeoplehavetoldthemformanyyears.OneisastoryaboutCaoCaosson,acleverboynamedCaoChong.Oneday,CaoCaogotahugeelephantfromSunQuanandhewantedtoknowtheweightofit.Becausetherew

27、asntascalelargeenough,somesoldiersadvisedhimto(A)itup.ButCaoCaodidntwanttokilltheelephant.Justthen,CaoChongcameupwithagreatidea.Heaskedsomesoldierstoleadtheelephantontoabout.Astheheavyanimalwalkedontoit,theboatwentlowerintothewater.AfterCaoChongdrewalineonthesideoftheboattomarkhowlowitwent,theelepha

28、ntwastakenofftheboat.(B)Theboatwasfiledwithrocksuntilthewaterreachedthelineontheboat.CaoChongthenweighedtherocks.Therocksandtheelephantwereofthesameweight.(C)曹操對他的兒子生常滿意。TheotherstoryisaboutawisemannamedZhugeLiang.Hewasaskedtomake100,000arrows(箭)within10days.Hetold(D)hissoldierstofill20largeboatswit

29、hmanystrawmen.Intheearlymorningofthethirdday,thesoldierssaidtheboatstowardsthecampsofCaoCaosarmyontheothersideoftheriver.Theyshoutedandboattheirdrumsloud.WhenCaoCaossoldiersheardthesounds,theythoughttheywere(E)attack.However,theycouldnotseethroughthethicktogontheriver.CaoCaoorderedhissoldierstoshoot

30、arrowstowardsthesoundsofthedrumsandtheshouting.ZhugeLianggotenougharrowsandthensailedbacksuccessfully.(1)在文中(A)和(C)的空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~(A)(C)(2)將文中劃線部分(B)改寫為：Theboatwasrocks.(3)將文中劃線部分(C)譯成英語：(4)文中劃線部分(D)指代的是：(5)從文中找出兩個歷史人物：【答案】(1)cut;under(2) full;of(3) CaoCaowas(very)happy/satisfied/pleasedwithhisson.(4) Z

31、hugeLiangs(5) CaoCao/CaoChong/ZhugeLiang/SunQuan(任選兩個)7.閱讀短文，然后根據(jù)內(nèi)容回答所提問題。DumplingsYouneed:Wrappers(餃子皮)vegetablesbeefsaltSteps1. Putbeefinabowl.2. Cutthevegetablesintosmallpieceswithaknife.3. Addthevegetablestothebeet.Thenaddalittleoilandsalt.4. Mixwithchopsticks.5. Putaspoonfuloffiling(餡)inawrappe

32、randtoldthewrapperaroundit.6. Putthedumplingsintheboilingwater7. atethedumplingsoutwhentheyfloat(漂浮)tothesurface.8. Putthedumplingsonaplate.(1) Isthetextaboveamenu?(2) Besidesthevegetables,whatelsedoyouaddtothebeef?(3) Howdoyoumixthefiling?(4) Whendoyoutakethedumplingsout?Wheredoyouputthedumplingsat

33、last?【答案】(1)No./No,itisnt(5) Alittleoilandsalt./Oilandsalt.(6) Withchopsticks./Byusingchopsticks.(7) Whentheyfloattothesurface.Onaplate.8.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成表格，每空一詞。LeonardodaVinci(萊奧納多達多奇)wasafamousartistwhowasborninItaly.Hewasalsoagreatinventor.Manyofhisinventionshavebecomeimportantinmodernlife.AlthoughLeona

34、rdohatedwar,heinventedmanydifferentmachinesusedforwar.Hismostspecialinventionwasthemachinegun,whichwasproducedandusedinwar.Besides,Leonardospentdaysthinkingabouthowtosavetime.Hedevelopedideasforsomethinglikecuttingmachines.Leonardwasastrangeman.Heneveratemeat.Thatwasveryunusualinthosetimes(時代).Henev

35、erpublished(發(fā)表)scientificdiscoveries.Heusuallyusedmirrorwriting,whichlookslikeusualwritinginamirror,startingfromtherightsideofthepageandmovingtotheleftside.Onlyafewofhispaintingsarelefttoday.Manypaintingswerenotfinishedbecausehethoughttheywerenotperfect.Leonardowastalentedandcreative.Hewasregardedas

36、oneofthemostintelligentmenintheworld.LeonardodaVinciHisstatus(身份)NotonlyanartistbutalsoanHisinventionandideasThemachineIdeasforsomethinglikemachinesusedtoHisstrangebehaviorsHeneveratemeat.HeneverpublisheddiscoveriesconnectedwithHeusedmirrorwriting.onlyafewofhispaintingsarelefttodayBecausemanypaintin

37、gswerenotfinished.【答案】inventor;gun;cut;science;Why【解析】【分析】主要講了達芬奇的身份、發(fā)明觀點、奇怪的行為及繪畫。(1)根據(jù)Hewasalsoagreatinventor.可知也是一名發(fā)明家，an后面一單數(shù)，故填inventor。(2)根據(jù)Hismostspecialinventionwasthemachinegun可知發(fā)明了機器槍，故填gun。(3)根據(jù)Hedevelopedideasforsomethinglikecuttingmachines.可知想出了切的機器，即機器用來切，beusedtodo被用來做某事，故填cut。(4)根據(jù)He

38、neverpublished(發(fā)表)scientificdiscoveries.可知他從不發(fā)表科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)，即從不發(fā)表與科學(xué)有關(guān)的發(fā)現(xiàn)，with是介詞，后面一名詞，所以用scientific的名詞science,故填scienceo(5) 根據(jù)Onlyafewofhispaintingsarelefttoday.Manypaintingswerenotfinishedbecausehethoughttheywerenotperfect.可知講了他的畫被留下的原因是他認為不完美，故填Why。【點評】考查任務(wù)型閱讀，首先讀懂題意，然后帶著問題仔細從文中尋找答案。9.閱讀短文，回答問題及翻譯劃線部分的句

39、子。Itissaidthateveryonehastwoboxeshungonournecks.Thesmallboxatthefrontisfullofotherpeoplesmistakes,whilethebigoneatthebackisfilledwithourownshortcomings(缺點).Mostoftime,itseasytofindotherpeoplesmistakes.Itshardforustoseeourmistakesbehindus.AboycalledTony,alwayslookedatthefrontboxtocheckwhatwasinit.Hes

40、awotherpeoplesmistakesveryquickly.WhenBenwasimpatientwithhim,hesaidtoBen,Itssoeasyforyoutogetangry.Itishardtobefriendswithyou.HetoldhismotherthatMichaelwasdishonest.Michaeltakesmythingswithoutasking.Andheforgetstoreturnthem.Tonyhimselfdidnotlikesharinghisthingswithanyone.WhenJohnwastootiredtogohikin

41、gwithhim,hesaid,Youaresuchanunfriendlyperson.HethoughtNickwastooproudofhisrichparents.ButTonywassoproudofhimselfbecausehecouldnotseeanyofhisownmistakes!HecouldCnotunderstandwhyhedidntgetonwellwithothers.Thenhismothersaidtohim,Ifyouchangetheboxesaround,maybeyoucanfindtheanswer.Hediditashismothersaid,

42、andhisfaceturnedred.他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己并不比其她同學(xué)更好.(1) Whatsinthebackbox?(2) DidTonyalwayslookatthefrontbox?(3) WhatdidTonythinkofhisfourclassmates?(4)請將劃線的句子翻譯成為中文.(5)請將劃線的句子翻譯成為英文.【答案】(1)Ourownshortcomings.(4) Yes,hedid.(5) InTonysopinion,Benwaseasytogetangry,Michaelwasdishonest,JohnwasunfriendlyandNickwastooprou

43、dofhisparents.(4)他不能理解為什么他不能和其他人很好的相處。Hefoundhewasnotbetterthanothers.【解析】【分析】主要講了Tony總是看見他人的錯誤，卻看不見自己的缺點。11)根據(jù)whilethebigoneatthebackisfilledwithourownshortcomings然而在背后的那個大盒子裝滿了自己的缺點.可以得知背后的盒子里面的是我們自己的缺點，故答案為Ourownshortcomings。(2) 2)根據(jù)AboycalledTony,alwayslookedatthefrontboxtocheckwhatwasinit.個叫做托尼

44、的男孩，總是看著自己面前的盒子里面有什么，由此可知托尼總是看著面前的盒子，故采用肯定回答，故答案為Yes,hedid.。(3) 根據(jù)hesaidtoBen,Itssoeasyforyoutogetangry.Itishardtobefriendswithyou.他對本說，你太容易生氣了，很難和你做朋友，HetoldhismotherthatMichaelwasdishonest他告訴他的媽媽邁克爾很不誠實，WhenJohnwastootiredtogohikingwithhim,hesaid,Youaresuchanunfriendlyperson.當(dāng)約翰太累而不和他去遠足時，他說，你真是一個

45、不友好的人，HethoughtNickwastooproudofhisrichparents.他認為尼克太驕傲于富裕的父母，結(jié)合四個線索句可知在托尼看來Ben是個容易生氣的人，邁克爾是個不誠實的人，約翰是個不友好的人，尼克是個驕傲于父母的人，因為全文用一般過去時，故回答也采用一般過去時，故答案為InTonysopinion,Benwaseasytogetangry,Michaelwasdishonest,JohnwasunfriendlyandNickwastooproudofhisparents.。(4) couldnot意思是不能；understand意思是理解，why意思是為何，geto

46、nwellwith意思是和某人相處的好；others意思是其他人，故答案為：他不能理解為什么他不能和其他人很好的相處.。(5)根據(jù)他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己并不比其他同學(xué)更好，也可以理解為他發(fā)現(xiàn)，比起別人他不是更好的，發(fā)現(xiàn)一詞采用find,由于時態(tài)為一般過去時，故find變?yōu)閒ound,比別人則用thanothers,不是更好的用wasnotbetter,故答案為：Hefoundhewasnotbetterthanothers.?！军c評】考查任務(wù)型閱讀，首先讀懂題意，然后帶著問題從文中仔細尋找答案。10.閱讀短文，并按要求完成問題。Criticalthinking(批判性思維)istryingtoimprov

47、ethewayyouthink.Peopleusecriticalthinkingineveryareaoflifetosolveproblemsandevaluateclaims(評估主張).Likeeveryotherskill,criticalthinkingtakespractice.Whenaproblemcomesourway,weneedtothinkcriticallytodecidehowtosolveit.Whenweseeanadvertisement,forexample,weshouldstopandthink.Advertisementsaremadetomakepeoplefeelcertainthattheyaretrue,andthenpeoplecanbuytheproducts.Butiswhattheadvertisementsaystrue?Isitmakingaclaim?Ordoesitonlyinterestus?Criticalthinkingisimportantandstopsusfrommakingpoorchoices.Infact,weareusingitifweaskquestionsnaturallyaboutwhatwesee.Practicemakesperfect.Whileyoua