仁愛版八年級上冊英語語法復(fù)習(xí)大綱

1、學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載八年級上冊期末考試復(fù)習(xí)大綱Un itl Topiclbe goi ng to+V 原型：表示計劃、打算、有目的做某事注：以下兩種情況不能用該結(jié)構(gòu)(1) 臨時決定要做某事e.g. Some one is knocking at the door, and I will ope n it.(2) 客觀必然會發(fā)生的事，自然規(guī)律e.g. Tomorrow will be Su nday.People will die without water.Unit1 Topic2雙賓語(直接賓語和間接賓語)：指人：間接賓語指物：直接賓語結(jié)構(gòu)： V.+sb.+sth.二V.+sth.+to sb.

2、e.g. bring me the book二bring the book to meV.+sb.+sth.二V.+sth.+for sb.e.g. buy me a computer二buy a computer for me可帶兩個賓語的詞： bring, buy, do, give, le nd, pass, tell, show, teach, hand, send, writ 等-Would/ Do you mind ？Would/ Do you mind+動名詞？Would/ Do you mind+ if 從句？注：would 比 do 更加委婉should 應(yīng)該”表示義務(wù)、提出

3、或征詢建議，后跟動詞原型e.g. We should save water.Unit1 Topic3一般將來時：will/ shall+V 原型表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，或?qū)矸磸?fù)發(fā)生的 動作。表示將來的時間狀語： tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, in five years, in the future, n extweek/m on th/year注: 1.There be 句型用于一般將來時： There will be- =There is/are going to be2.一些表示位移的動詞可以用進行時表將來：come/ go/ arrive/

4、 leave 等Unit2 Topic1情態(tài)動詞：should(shouldn,had better(had better not)的用法should 表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任、勸告或建議，“應(yīng)該做某事”e.g. You should not eat too much meat.學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載had better 表示建議，“在目前情況下最好做某事”e.g. You had better go to see a doctor.注：肯、否、一般疑問句式Unit2 Topic2情態(tài)動詞： must(must n ), may, can1. (1)must 表示必須； must be 表示肯定推測 e.g.

5、 The man in black shirt must be his father.(2) must 開頭的一般疑問句，肯定回答 Yes 主+must.否定回答 No,主+dont/doesn have to.或 No,主+needn.e.g. Must she study hard? Yes, she must. No, she doesnhave to.(3) mustn表示禁止，不允許 e.g. Students mustncheat in the exam.2. (1)ca n 表示能力e.g. Birds can fly.(2) can 表示邀請、允許、請求等，意為“可以，能夠”e

6、.g. Can you come to my birthday party?(3) can 在否定句和疑問句中表示可能性e.g. He cantbe that boy father.3. (1)may 表示允許，意為“可以”e.g. May I come in?(2) may 表示推測，意為“可能”e.g. She may be still waiti ng for us.(3) may 表示祝愿e.g. May you have a happy weeke nd.Unit2 Topic3情態(tài)動詞 must 和 have to1. must(1) 表示必須，強調(diào)說話者的主觀看法e.g. You

7、 must take care of your pare nts.(2) 表示一定(肯定性推測)e.g. He must be at home.(3) 表示勸告,必須要做某事，表明事情的必要性與重要性 e.g.You must do more exercise.(4) mustnt 表示不允許，禁止e.g. You mustrit play on the road.2. have to表示不得不，必須，強調(diào)客觀的需要e.g. If you want to un dersta nd today, you have to search yesterday.e.g. He has to leave

8、now.反身代詞:(1)作代詞或介詞的賓語(2)作主語或賓語的同位語Unit3 Topiclused to 的用法:學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載(1)used to +V 原型“過去常常做某事”，可以與 but now, but not -any more, but not-any longer 連用，現(xiàn)在和過去形成對照e.g. I used to watch TV, but now I have to study.否定句(usednt/ used not) /(didnt use) to do sth.; 一般疑問句 used/did 開頭e.g. He usednt to get up early./

9、 He did nt use to get up early.e.g. Did you use to be afraid of the dark?usedto+be+adj. “過去常常存在的狀態(tài)，但現(xiàn)在情況已變”e.g. He used to be short, didrfthe?注: be used to doing sth./ get used to doing sth.表示“習(xí)慣于 ”e.g. He used to get up late, but now he is used to gett ing up early.Unit3 Topic2感嘆句(1) What +(a/a n)+

10、adj.+主 + 謂!e.g. What a cute boy he is ! What fine weather it is!(2) How+ adj./adv.+主 + 謂. !e.g. How tall she is How flue ntly she speaks En glish!Unit3 Topic3過去進行時：表示在過去某一具體時間或某一段時間正在進行的動作主要結(jié)構(gòu)：was/ were +V.ing常用時間狀語：the n, at this/that time yesterday, at nine last ni ght e.g. I was doing myhomework

11、at nine last ni ght.Unit4 Topic1 &Topic2形容詞的比較級和最高級 1、21. 用于人或事物之間的比較，兩個人或事物進行比較時，用比較級，表示“較”或“更.一些”2. 用于三個或三個以上的人或事物之間的比較時， 用最高級，表示一群人或事物中，其中一個“最”3. 比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成(1)規(guī)則變化：a. 一般在詞尾力口 -er 或-este.g. smaller/smallest younger/youngestb. 以 e 結(jié)尾的詞力口 -r 或-ste.g. nicer/nicestc. 以“輔音字母 +y 結(jié)尾的詞”，變 y 為 i 再力口-er

12、 或-est e.g. happier/happiestd. “輔+元+輔”結(jié)構(gòu)的單詞，雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音字母再加 -er 或-este.g. bigger/biggest學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載e.多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)詞，要在原級前加more或 most 構(gòu)成比較級或最高級_原級比較級最咼級good/wellbetterBestbad/ill/badlyworseWorstlittlelessLeastmany/muchmoreMostfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest4.用法(1)比較級a. “比較級 +than” e.g. Cats aremore lovely t

13、han other animals.b. “l(fā)ess+原級 +than”e.g. This article is less difficult than that one.c. “比較級 +than+ any other+單數(shù)名詞”e.g. He is taller than any other boy in his class.d. “比較級 +and+比較級”e.g. She is becoming more and more beautiful.e. “the+ 比較級，the+ 比較級” e.g. The more, the better.f. “the+ 比較級 +of the tw

14、o ” e.g. He is the taller of the two.注：如果比較對象相同，可再用 that/those 代替第二個比較對象e.g. The weather in Shan ghai is better tha n that in Wuha n.The eggs in this basket are more than those in that basket.比較級可用 much, a little, a lot, even 等修飾，使原來的比較級在語意上更加明確e.g. He runs much faster tha n me.Chicke ns are much sm

15、aller tha n cows.(2)最高級a. “the+最高級+比較范圍”(比較范圍常用 of, in, among 引導(dǎo)的短語表達)e.g. She is the oldest of these childre n.Lily is the youn gest in her class.b. “the+序數(shù)詞+adj.最高級+名詞”e.g. The yellow river is the second Iongest river in China.c. “one of+the+最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”e.g. This river is one of the Iongest rivers in

16、 our hometown.d. “the+最高級”e. g. Mon day is the busiest day.注：最高級前要加定冠詞 the，但如果最高級前有形容詞性物主代詞，名詞所有格等 修飾時，則不用定冠詞。e.g. Jack is my best friend.學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載Un it4 Topic3賓語補足語：補充賓語的成份，通常置于賓語之后，賓語和賓語補足語共同構(gòu)成復(fù)合 賓語，句型：主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語1.可以跟賓語補足語的動詞有： make, let, ask, i nvite, wish,wan t, help-(1) make sb. v./adj./n. let sb. v.(2) ask/ in vite/ want/ wish/tell sb.