美國NRC雞的營養(yǎng)需要

1、              雞的營養(yǎng)需要(美國NRC 1994)摘編           索       引 未成熟來航型雞的營養(yǎng)需要 未成年來航型母雞的體重和耗料 來航型產(chǎn)蛋母雞的營養(yǎng)需要 根據(jù)體重、產(chǎn)蛋率估計母雞代謝能需要 肉仔雞的典型體重、飼料需要和能量消耗 肉雞營養(yǎng)需要 肉用種母雞營養(yǎng)需要 肉用種公雞的營養(yǎng)需要

2、 不同周齡雞飲水量 來航產(chǎn)蛋雞日糧中營養(yǎng)成分需要量1 來航型雞表 2.1    未成熟來航型雞的營養(yǎng)需要（或單位/Kg飼料）                                     白殼蛋雞&#

3、160;                                   褐殼蛋雞              

4、60;                                    0-6周  6-12周  12-18周  18周至開產(chǎn)         0-6周&

5、#160; 6-12周  12-18周  18周至開產(chǎn)                         450ga  930a    1375a      1475a       

6、     500ga  1100a   1500a      1600a營養(yǎng)素           單位    2850b  2850b   2900b      2900b        

7、    2800b  2800b   2850b      2850b    蛋白質(zhì)和氨基酸    粗蛋白c               18.00   16.00   15.00     17.00

8、            17.00  15.00    14.00     16.00 精氨酸                 1.00    0.83    0.67  

9、;    0.75             0.94   0.78     0.62      0.72 甘氨酸+絲氨酸          0.70    0.58    0.47 

10、;     0.53             0.66   0.54     0.44      0.50 組氨酸                 0.26 &

11、#160;  0.22    0.17      0.20             0.25   0.21     0.16      0.18 異亮氨酸         

12、60;    0.60    0.50    0.40      0.45             0.57   0.47     0.37      0.42 亮氨酸    &#

13、160;            1.10    0.85    0.70      0.80             1.00   0.80     0.65    &#

14、160; 0.75 賴氨酸                 0.85    0.60    0.45      0.52             0.80   0.56  

15、;   0.42      0.49 蛋氨酸                 0.30    0.25    0.20      0.22          &

16、#160;  0.28   0.23     0.19      0.21 蛋氨酸+胱氨酸          0.62    0.52    0.42      0.47         &

17、#160;   0.59   0.49     0.39      0.44 苯丙氨酸               0.54    0.45    0.36      0.40   

18、0;         0.51   0.42     0.34      0.38 苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸        1.00    0.83    0.67      0.75    

19、60;        0.94   0.78     0.63      0.70 蘇氨酸                 0.68    0.57    0.37   

20、   0.47             0.64   0.53     0.35      0.44 色氨酸                 0.17    0

21、.14    0.11      0.12             0.16   0.13     0.10      0.11 纈氨酸             

22、;    0.62    0.52    0.41      0.46             0.59   0.49     0.38      0.43 脂肪     

23、;                                 白殼蛋雞                 

24、                  褐殼蛋雞                                  

25、;                 0-6周  6-12周  12-18周  18周至開產(chǎn)         0-6周  6-12周  12-18周  18周至開產(chǎn)           

26、60;             450ga  930a    1375a      1475a            500ga  1100a   1500a      1600a營養(yǎng)素 &

27、#160;         單位    2850b  2850b   2900b      2900b            2800b  2800b   2850b      2850b  

28、0; 亞油酸                 1.00    1.00    1.00      1.00             1.00   1.00   

29、  1.00      1.00                                          常量

30、元素                                                 

31、0;                                               鈣d  &#

32、160;                 0.90    0.80    0.80      2.00             0.90   0.80    

33、0.80      1.80                                          非植酸磷 

34、;              0.40    0.35    0.30      0.32             0.40   0.35     0.30   

35、;   0.35                                          鉀     

36、;                0.25    0.25    0.25      0.25             0.25   0.25     0.25 

37、;     0.25                                          鈉   

38、;                  0.15    0.15    0.15      0.15             0.15   0.15   

39、0; 0.15      0.15                                          氯 

40、;                    0.15    0.12    0.12      0.15             0.12   0.11 

41、0;   0.11      0.11                                         

42、 鎂                mg     600.00  500.00  400.00    400.00           570.00 470.00   370.00    370.00

43、                                          微量元素       &#

44、160;                                                 &#

45、160;                                       錳          &

46、#160;     mg     60.00   30.00   30.00     30.00            56.00   28.00   28.00     28.00     

47、0;                                     鋅            

48、60;   mg     40.00   35.00   35.00     35.00            38.00   33.00   33.00     33.00        

49、                                  鐵                mg&#

50、160;    80.00   60.00   60.00     60.00            75.00   56.00   56.00     56.00           &#

51、160;                              銅                mg   

52、0; 5.00    4.00    4.00      4.00             5.00    4.00    4.00      4.00         

53、                                 碘                mg &#

54、160;   0.35    0.35    0.35      0.35             0.33    0.33    0.33      0.33      

55、0;                                                 

56、0;                      白殼蛋雞                            

57、;       褐殼蛋雞                                            

58、0;      0-6周  6-12周  12-18周  18周至開產(chǎn)         0-6周  6-12周  12-18周  18周至開產(chǎn)                      &#

59、160;  450ga  930a    1375a      1475a            500ga  1100a   1500a      1600a營養(yǎng)素           單位 

60、60;  2850b  2850b   2900b      2900b            2800b  2800b   2850b      2850b    硒         &#

61、160;      mg     0.15    0.10    0.10      0.10             0.14    0.10    0.10     

62、 0.10                                          脂溶性維生素      &

63、#160;                                                 &

64、#160;                                    A             

65、    IU     1500.00 1500.00 1500.00   1500.00          1420.00 1420.00 1420.00   1420.00                   

66、;                       D3                ICU    200.00  200.00  200.00  &#

67、160; 300.00           190.00  190.00  190.00    280.00                            

68、60;             E                 IU     10.00   5.00    5.00      5.00  &#

69、160;          9.50    4.70    4.70      4.70                          

70、                K                 mg     0.50    0.50    0.50     

71、; 0.50             0.47    0.47    0.47      0.47                      

72、0;                   水溶性維生素                             

73、0;                                                 

74、0;             核黃素            mg     3.6     1.8     1.8       2.20    

75、;         3.4     1.7     1.7        1.7                        &

76、#160;                 泛酸              mg     10.00   10.00   10.00     10.00  &#

77、160;         9.40    9.40    9.40       9.40                          

78、                煙酸              mg     27.00   11.00   11.00     11.00    &

79、#160;       26.00   10.30   10.30      10.30                              &

80、#160;           B12               mg     0.009   0.003   0.003     0.004       &

81、#160;    0.009   0.003   0.003      0.003                                 &

82、#160;        膽堿              mg     1300.00 900.00  500.00    500.00           1225.00 850.00  470.0

83、0     470.00                                          生物素  &

84、#160;         mg     0.15    0.10    0.10      0.10             0.14    0.09    0.09  

85、;     0.09                                          葉酸  

86、0;           mg     0.55    0.25    0.25      0.25             0.52    0.23    0.23&#

87、160;      0.23                                          硫胺素 

88、           mg     1.0     1.0     0.8       0.8              1.0     1.0

89、60;    0.8        0.8                                      &

90、#160;   吡哆醇            mg     3.0     3.0     3.0       3.0              2.

91、8     2.8     2.8        2.8                                 

92、;                注：a終體重。    b典型日食能量濃度是根據(jù)玉米豆粕日糧制定的，用表示Kcal/Kg。    c雞不需要粗蛋白質(zhì)本身，但必須保證足夠的粗蛋白用于非必需氨基酸的合成。     建議值是根據(jù)玉米豆粕日糧確定的，使用合成氨基酸時日糧中粗蛋白水平可     降低。

93、0;   d當日糧中含有大量非植酸磷時，鈣的需要量應提高（Nelson，1984）。  表 2.2 美國NRC建議的未成年來航型母雞的體重和耗料            白殼品系                       

94、0;         褐殼品系                                         

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176、;                                             mg     &#

177、160;                                                 &#

178、160;                        周齡     體重(g)a   耗料(g/周)           體重(g)a    耗料(g/周)  

179、0; 0        35           50                  37            70  &#

180、160; 2       100          140                 120           160    4  

181、     260          260                 325           280    6     

182、  450          340                 500           350    8       660 &#

183、160;        360                 750           380    10      750     &

184、#160;    380                 900           400    12      980         

185、 400                 1100          420    14      1100         420     

186、;            1240          450    16      1220         430          &#

187、160;      1380          470    18      1375         450                

188、; 1500          500    20      1475         500                 1600    

189、60;     550a.自由采食時的平均遺傳潛力。不同品系的生長速度和成熟體重可能不同?/FONT>  表 2.3來航型產(chǎn)蛋母雞的營養(yǎng)需要（或單位/公斤飼料，90干物質(zhì)）                          不同采食量白殼蛋雞的日糧   

190、                 需要量/只.天（mg或U）                                營養(yǎng)濃

191、度                            營養(yǎng)素           單位     80ab  100ab   120ab  

192、0;     白殼蛋種母雞           白殼蛋雞         褐殼蛋母雞                         

193、60;                      （每天采食100g飼料）b（每天采食100g飼料）（每天采食100g飼料）蛋白質(zhì)和氨基酸                      

194、;                                                  

195、;                               粗蛋白d                 18.8  15.0&#

196、160;   12.5            15000                  15000                 16

197、500  精氨酸                  0.88  0.70    0.58             700           

198、0;        700                   770   組氨酸                  0.21  0.17 

199、   0.14             170                    170               

200、;    190                            異亮氨酸                0.81  0.65

201、0;   0.54             650                    650              

202、60;    715                            亮氨酸                  1.03&#

203、160; 0.82    0.68             820                    820            &#

204、160;      900                            賴氨酸                

205、  0.86  0.69    0.58             690                    690          &

206、#160;        760   蛋氨酸                  0.38  0.30    0.25             300  

207、0;                 300                   330   蛋氨酸+胱氨酸           0.73&

208、#160; 0.58    0.48             580                    580            &

209、#160;      645   苯丙氨酸                0.59  0.47    0.39             470      

210、60;             470                   520   苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸         1.04  0.83    0.69&

211、#160;            830                    830                  

212、; 910   蘇氨酸                  0.59  0.47    0.39             470          &#

213、160;         470                   520   色氨酸                  0.20  0.

214、16    0.13             160                    160             

215、60;     175   纈氨酸                  0.88  0.70    0.58             700      

216、   &127; &127;        700                   770 脂肪                 

217、                         不同采食量白殼蛋雞的日糧                    需要量/只.天（mg或U）  

218、60;                             營養(yǎng)濃度                    

219、0;       營養(yǎng)素           單位     80ab  100ab   120ab        白殼蛋種母雞           白殼蛋雞     &#

220、160;   褐殼蛋母雞                                               

221、（每天采食100g飼料）b（每天采食100g飼料）（每天采食100g飼料）亞油酸                  1.25  1.0     0.83             1000       

222、            1000                  1100常量元素            鈣e       &#

223、160;             4.06  3.25    2.71             3250                   3250

224、                  3600氯                      0.16  0.13    0.11     &#

225、160;       130                    130                   145鎂mg    

226、;  625   500     420              50                     50       

227、;             55非植酸磷f               0.31  0.25    0.21             250    &

228、#160;               250                   275鉀               

229、60;     0.19  0.15    0.13             150                    150      

230、0;            165鈉                      0.19  0.15    0.13           &

231、#160; 150                    150                   165微量元素         

232、60;  銅                mg       ?     ?       ?               

233、; ?                      ?                     ?碘       

234、0;        mg      0.044 0.035   0.029            0.010                  0.004  &

235、#160;              0.004鐵                mg      56    45      38     

236、          6.0                    4.5                   5.0錳  

237、;              mg      25    20      17               2.0       &

238、#160;            2.0                   2.2硒                mg   &

239、#160;  0.08  0.06    0.05             0.006                  0.006          

240、0;      0.006鋅                mg      44    35      29             

241、60; 4.5                    3.5                   3.9脂溶性維生素A      IU    

242、;  3750  3000    2500             300                    300          

243、         D3                IU      375   300     250            &

244、#160; 30                     30                    33E        

245、60;        IU      6     5       4                1.0                    0.5