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1、英語高考詞匯教學(xué)教案一、 學(xué)生分析 我校是一所相對偏遠(yuǎn)的農(nóng)村中學(xué),學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的成績偏低,學(xué)習(xí)積極性不高,尤其是英語。大部分學(xué)生認(rèn)為英語難,光花時間卻不見成績,根本談不上學(xué)習(xí)興趣。歸根結(jié)底是英語單詞難記,昨天記的今天忘,早上記的下午忘,絕大部分學(xué)生沒有耐心和恒心去反復(fù)記憶枯燥的單詞。久而久之,連最基本英語單詞都不懂,更談不上單詞的靈活運用和綜合能力的提高。因此,英語成為學(xué)生最畏懼的課程。 二、 內(nèi)容分析 本課內(nèi)容以高考詞匯為基礎(chǔ),以分類的方式引導(dǎo)學(xué)生運用各種方法高效快速地記憶高考詞匯。 三、 教學(xué)目的與目標(biāo) 詞匯是組成語言的最基本材料,沒有詞匯也就無
2、所謂語言,英語教學(xué)自然離不開詞匯教學(xué)。學(xué)生不掌握一定的詞匯量,就無法順利進行聽、說、讀、寫、譯,就無法進行英語交流。高考考綱要求學(xué)生掌握3700個詞匯,英語詞匯的記憶是英語學(xué)習(xí)最枯燥最繁瑣卻又是最基礎(chǔ)最重要的部分,詞匯量少直接影響學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣和學(xué)習(xí)成績。本課題的重點就是以考綱詞匯為基礎(chǔ),對高考詞匯進行分類整合,重點突出寫作詞匯的運用,使學(xué)生科學(xué)地掌握英語詞匯的記憶方法,明確學(xué)習(xí)目的,挖掘?qū)W生自主學(xué)習(xí)的潛能,使他們掌握有效的單詞記憶方法,消除學(xué)生對英語的畏懼心理,使他們樹立信心,提高英語學(xué)習(xí)興趣及積極性,使他們能夠靈活地運用英語詞匯,進而提高他們的英語綜合能力。 四、 教學(xué)策略 英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)強
3、調(diào)教師要引導(dǎo)學(xué)生主動學(xué)習(xí),幫助他們形成以能力發(fā)展為目標(biāo)的學(xué)習(xí)方式。英語詞匯教學(xué)理念為以語言發(fā)展為中心,通過師生互動,生生互動,讓學(xué)生學(xué)會用英語處理現(xiàn)實生活的問題,讓學(xué)生在完成任務(wù)的過程中體驗、實踐、參與、交流和合作,實現(xiàn)任務(wù)目標(biāo),感受學(xué)習(xí)的快樂和成功,以此來提高學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語的積極性。為了使學(xué)生更好地系統(tǒng)地記憶和理解英語詞匯,我將高考詞匯大致分為四大類:聽說詞匯、語法詞匯、閱讀詞匯和寫作詞匯,重點訓(xùn)練語法詞匯和寫作詞匯的用法。為此,課前主要是分析近年來高考??嫉恼Z法題型和寫作常用句型,讓學(xué)生在實踐中掌握高考詞匯的用法。 五、 教學(xué)過程 1.導(dǎo)入 向?qū)W生介紹高考考綱對學(xué)生掌握詞匯的要求,讓學(xué)生了解
4、記憶單詞的重要性,對英語詞匯進行簡單的分類,讓學(xué)生有針對性有主次地學(xué)習(xí)和掌握英語詞匯。同時讓學(xué)生交流一下自己平時記單詞的方法和心得體會,使學(xué)生重視英語詞匯的積累,為本課時做好鋪墊。 2.教學(xué)方法 (1)運用構(gòu)詞法記單詞。構(gòu)詞法作為一項語法項目,主要是識別詞綴和詞根,從根本上把握單詞的含義。久練這種學(xué)記單詞的方法,能夠領(lǐng)略一些英語單詞的構(gòu)造奧妙,并減輕記憶的負(fù)擔(dān)。更重要的是,如果學(xué)生能真正領(lǐng)悟并進而拓展這種方法所蘊涵的思路,他們將能觸類旁通,從而受益匪淺。例如courage一詞,學(xué)生能通過構(gòu)詞法迅速識記discourage, discouragement, courageou
5、s, courageously,encourage,encouragement等同詞根的多個新詞,從一個詞匯引申出這么多的新詞,可謂一箭多雕,這樣的記憶使他們覺得很有成就感,增添了自信心。 (2)在語境中學(xué)習(xí)詞匯。從近幾年來高考寫作的話題出發(fā),分析出常用的寫作句型以及常用的連接詞,把詞匯與句子,語境結(jié)合起來,多讓學(xué)生自己造句,掌握詞的用法,在詞匯與句子結(jié)合的基礎(chǔ)上,我們將詞匯、句子與語篇相結(jié)合,進一步擴大詞匯的交流功能。使學(xué)生感覺英語學(xué)習(xí)是一件很簡單的事情,從而消除學(xué)生的畏懼心理,也讓學(xué)生既對詞匯學(xué)習(xí)有了明確的目的,又對高考的考題有一定的了解,并樹立信心,提高他們學(xué)習(xí)英語
6、的積極性。例如remind 一詞,remind sb of sth 這個固定搭配,只要是描寫自己或身邊的人的類似經(jīng)歷都可以用這個句子作為段落的開頭:The story remind me of my own experience.對于我校這種比較差的學(xué)生把詞匯融入一個固定句式的學(xué)習(xí)對他們的記憶和運用都有很大的幫助。 (3) 詞匯分類記憶。把英語詞匯分成類,比如描寫環(huán)境的,描寫人物的,描寫校園生活的等,以描寫人物特征的詞匯為例: 五官特征:長睫毛long l
7、ashes,雙下巴 s double chin ,小眼睛 small eyes, 鷹勾鼻 a hooked nose, 五官明顯 strong features, 無神的眼睛lifeless eyes,明亮的眼睛 glowing eyes ,四肢特征:粗壯的手臂thick arms, 骯臟的指甲 dirty nails,細(xì)手臂 thin arms,
8、;涂指甲油的指甲 painted nails, 瘦腿 thin legs 身材特征: 結(jié)實的 trim ,年老的 old ,過重的 overweight, 凹凸有致的 shapely(女) ,白發(fā)蒼蒼的 gray-haired ,瘦的 thin, 身材比例很好的 well-proportioned, 病懨懨的 sickly ,皮包骨的 skinny 行為特
9、征:落寞的 depressed ,情緒化的 emotional ,萎靡的 lifeless ,寂寞的 lonely, 笨拙的 clumsy ,精力充沛的full of life, 無精打采的 listless, (4)單詞記憶法總結(jié) (1)“五到”記憶法。記單詞要“五到”,眼嘴手腦齊開炮;讀寫背默各幾遍,印象清晰記得牢。 (2)循環(huán)記憶法。記過單詞莫靠邊,幾天之后再看看;似忘非忘又溫習(xí),反反復(fù)復(fù)印心間。 (3)分組記憶法
10、。單詞多了別心煩,分片分組來攻占;五個一組先吃掉,幾組連成一大片。 (4)語音記憶法。要想單詞不寫錯,語音一關(guān)還得過,讀音規(guī)律掌握好,拼寫自然少差錯。 (5) 理解記憶法。結(jié)合詞組句子記有情有景有意義;重點段落須背誦。理解深刻有樂趣。 (6)歸納記憶法。分類歸納便于記,同類詞匯放一起;bike,play和jeep,歸到交通工具里。 (7)對比記憶法。同義近義反義詞,辨析對比來記憶,比較對照才開竅,印象深刻記得牢。 (8)卡片記憶法。單詞長了容易忘,卡片紙條來幫忙;mathematics不好記,紙條貼到數(shù)學(xué)上。 (9)構(gòu)詞記憶法。構(gòu)詞法,要學(xué)習(xí),前綴后綴有規(guī)律;轉(zhuǎn)換常把詞類變。合成本是
11、二合一。 (10)閱讀記憶法。課外讀物有情趣,單詞復(fù)現(xiàn)便于記;只要堅持常閱讀,一舉幾得大有益。 3、鞏固練習(xí) (1)寫出下列詞匯的變體 born(名詞形式) , brave(名詞形式) ,breath(否定詞綴) occupy(名詞形式)
12、0; environment (形容詞形式) equal(名詞形式) comfort(形容詞形式) consider(形容詞和名詞形式) &
13、#160; , (2)把下列中文翻譯成英語 方臉 ,單眼皮 ,大嘴巴 ,圓臉 ,雙眼皮
14、0; ,小嘴巴 ,心形臉 ,瘦鼻子 , 薄嘴唇 ,長鼻子 ,厚嘴唇 , 暴牙 ,蒼白的臉
15、160; 魁梧的 , 骨瘦如柴的 , 年輕的 ,大骨架的 , 弱不禁風(fēng)的 , 中年的 ,小骨架的
16、; ,優(yōu)雅的 , 心煩的 ,精疲力竭的 , 粗枝大葉的 , 內(nèi)向的 ,不悅的 , 做作的 ,
17、160;外向的 ,好動的 , 輕浮的 ,舉止夸張的 ,多話的 ,有活力的 ,手舞足蹈的 . (3)用下列詞或短語造句 in spite of
18、 prev
19、entfrom
20、0; lead alive
21、; look forward to
22、160; be famous for &
23、#160; &
24、#160; 4. homework (一)詞類轉(zhuǎn)換 1.In the past, oxen played an important role in the _(spirit)life of the Chinese. 2.Some are for _ (begin) and others are for _ (advance)
25、;students. 3.The dark chocolate _ (popular) began about five years age and has reached the highest point now. 4.Obama said he didnt see any controversy in the fact and
26、60;said he was unaware of any _ (satisfy) in the black community. 5.The government is promoting a program making science more _ (access) to young people. 6.Its _(exact) t
27、hese tight rings marks that we found in the fossil bones,” said Sander. 7.I stood there _ (astonish), barely believing that man, whose existence was _ (know) to me
28、160;only moments ago, could be so _ (thought). 8.More than half of them cross the bridge _ the morning and evening rush hours when traffic is so heavy that the&
29、#160;trip is not _. (please) 9.One young drinker interviewed thinks price is _ (relevant) to the increase of alcohol addictions and that teens, determined to get drunk ,&
30、#160;will find a way. 10.As an _ (skill) game player, he often lost money. 11.If all drivers exercised good _ (judge) , there would be few accidents. 12.In May 2009,
31、;a hurricane left thousands of people homeless and ruined the islands freshwater _ (supply). 13. Your _ (argue) is not _ (convince) enough . 14. Hydrogen fuel cells would
32、 provide a renewable, clean source of energy; however, the technology is expensive and presents a number of _ (convenient). 15. He is _ (simple) a fool, who cant
33、0;_ (simple) his life just by planning it _ (effect) (二)短語動詞 1. He promised to attend my birthday party, but till now he hasnt turned _ yet.
34、0; 2. All the girls swam
35、0;in the lake except two, who gave _ halfway.
36、; 3. If the new arrangement doesnt work _, well go back to the old one.
37、60; 4. “Have great changes taken place in your village?” “Yes, A
38、new school was set _ in the village last year.” 5. I had to hang _ because s
39、omeone else wanted to use the phone. 6. Elephants would die _ if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wished.
40、60; 7. My study of biology has taken _ much of my spa
41、re time, but it has given me a great deal of enjoyment. 8. The plan broke_ just because people were unwilling to co-operate. 9. The
42、;government has called _the parents to work with teachers in the education of their children.
43、; 10. John has put on so much weight recently that his mother has to let _ all his trousers to his measure.
44、0; 11. I can put up _ some noise while Im studying, but I cant stand very loud noise. 12. The mother often tells her son
45、;to be a good boy, warning him to keep out _ trouble 13. To my surprise, the manager kept _ 30 dollars from my salary without any good reason. 14. S
46、teven has a lot of work to make _ in the office since he has been away for quite a few days. 15. Although Jane agrees with me on m
47、ost points, there was one on which she was unwilling to give _. 16. You should live up _ what your parents expect of you. 17.
48、 I can hardly believe my eyes. What a poor composition you have turned _. There are so many wrong spellings in it. 18. Some kinds of animals can
49、60;take _ the colour of their surroundings. 19. Lets congratulate Li Ming and Li Hua _winning the first prize. 20. The hospital provided the patients _many
50、advanced equipments. 21. I cant put up _the heat here. 22. The government should come up _a better solution to the problems caused by the
51、;high price of beef. 23. His health broke _under the pressure of work. 24. This project adjusted _what I meant. 25. Please leave _all the useless
52、60;contents in the article. 26. All the students, please put your hands _the poor children in the distant area. 27. He is addicted _smoking and drinking win
53、e. 28. We accused him _killing our friend. 29. We assure him _ going to America smoothly. 30. Do you mind if I carry_with my
54、;work while you are getting tea ready? 31. Old memories are often called _ when you hear a particular song or a piece of music. 32. He
55、0;looked through as many daily newspapers as he could to find_ what they said about his latest book. 33. We had a good many anxious moments but everythi
56、ng turned _all right in the end. 34. Twenty people were expected, but only ten turned _. 35. After the meeting, I set _ to write a report on our
57、60;next terms work. 36. The English evening party turned _ a great success. 37. A good writer must connect what he writes_ what has happened
58、160;around him. 38. The gentleman does not join_the argument but watches the other guests. 39. Although the working mother is very busy, she still devotes
59、 a lot of time _ children. 40. We want our children to know that hard work pays _. 41. It wears me _ to look after these naughty grandchildren
60、;of mine for a whole day. 42. His pale face took _a reluctant smile when he heard the news. 43. The Party Central Committee calls_the Chinese people to
61、 work hard for the economic development. 44. Dont forget to put_your things after you have finished your homework . 45. Being much too fat, the
62、lady was advised to reduce her food for each meal, yet she would have none_that. 46. The good service at the hotel made up_the poor food to
63、 some degree. 47. His strength had almost given_when they found him in the desert. 48. Your tie looks smart. It goes_ your shirt perfectly.
64、60; Thanks. Im glad you like it. 49. It takes a long time to build_a good fame, but this name is quickly lost but just
65、 one crime or piece of bad behavior. 50. Im putting_ too much weight, doctor? I think you ought to go&
66、#160;on a diet. 51. When he heard the news, she couldnt keep _ her tears. 52. Please go to your teacher to ask _ his help if you meet with any diffi
67、culties. 53. Please walk slowly. I cant keep up _ you. 54. After a heated discussion, we agreed _ the policy. 55. Last night his house was
68、;broken _, and many valuable things were found stolen. 56. After hearing the news, some burst _ laughter, while others burst _ tears. 57. Whenever he
69、;comes to Beijing, he calls _ me at my house. 58. We must keep learning new things so that we can keep pace _ the times. 59. This morning the
70、y checked_ at a hotel and will check out tomorrow. 60. Whether we will have the match today depends_ the weather. 61. The teacher is devoted _ teaching in
71、0;the countryside in his life. 62. She has a gift_ language, as she could speak four languages. 63. They worked day and night in order to pay _ their debts. 64. On getting home, mother g
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